US2520839A - Boiler - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 29, 1950 w. J. HUIE BOILER Filed Aug. 25, 1946 4 Sheets-Sheet l Aug. 29, 1950 w. J. HUlE v 2,520,839

BOILER Filed Aug. 25, 1946 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 W. J. HUIE Aug. 29, 1950 BOILER 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Aug. 23. 1946 34 Mezzfixx Ljllaam J. Hate w. J. H UlE Aug. 29, 1950 BOILER 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Aug. 23, 1946 Patented Aug. 29, 1 956 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,520,839 BOILER William J. Huie, Philadelphia, ra.

Application August23, 1946,-Serial No. 692,593

6 Claims. (01. 1225277) This invention relates to new and useful improvements in hot water and steam boilers and more particularly to boilers especially adapted for use in heating homes and other relatively small buildings of a similar nature.

One object of the present invention is to pro-' vide a boiler of novel construction for hot water or steam heating purposes which is of the downdraft type and embodies means for cooling the combustion gases passing to the stack to thereby lower the stack temperature while at the same time effectively pre-heating the water entering and returning to the boiler for reheating and recirculation. v

Another object of the invention is to provide a boiler of the character set forth having a novel combustion chamber or fire box operable to effect substantially complete combustion of fuel oil in confinement with a minmium supply of secondary air or oxygen.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel boiler construction as set forth which is fabricated entirely of steel welded together and weighing approximately fifty per cent less than other boilers of similar capacity.

A further object of the invention is to provide a novel boiler having the features described which is constructed and arranged so that additional heating surface and water capacity may be added as required without increasing the size and dimensions of the boiler. V

A still further object of the invention is to provide a boiler of the character set forth embodying a water baffle and a boiler make-up water heater of distinct and novel construction and design.

Still a, further object of the invention is. to provide a boiler having the structural and operating features and characteristics set forth which is of relatively simplified and inexpensive construction and highly economical and efficient in operation and use.

These and other objects of the invention and the various features and details of the construction and arrangement thereof are hereinafter fully set forth and described and shown in the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view partially in section showing certain of the features and details of a boiler made according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken from front to rear through the boiler shown in Fig. 1.

Fig.3 is a fragmentary perspective view partially in section showing the structural features:

and details of a water cated at 25 to conform to the curvature of the An oil burner 26 may be employed boiler.

Fig. 4is an enlarged sectional view taken on line 44, Fig. 3.

Fig. dis a detached perspective view partiallyin section illustrating the structural features and details of a rear water tube located in the draft passage of the boiler of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken on line 66, Fig. 2.

Fig. V7 is a detached perspective view of a fire box embodied in the present invention; and

Fig. 8. is a partial vertical sectional View through the boiler showing a modified construc-.

. tion and arrangement of certain parts thereof.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, a steam or hot water boiler made according to the present invention comprises aopposite ends respectively connected in fluid com munication with the interior of the headers l0 as illustrated. At the mid-point of their bight or'curved portion the water tubes l2 to [9 inclusive each have fluid connection with a relatively large top header 9 through vertical connecting pipes or tubes 20.

Within the area or space defined by the head-' ers H! and the inverted U-shaped tubes I2 to 11,-

' and adapted to rest upon a floor or bed 22 of similar .material which is supported upon the base II with an intervening sheet of metal 23 as shown in Fig. 6. As illustrated, the fire box 2| has its lower side walls 24 shaped as indiheaders ID. to provide combustion within the lire box 2! and the hot combustion products leaving the fire box are directed laterally into contact with the upper portions of the tubes IE to 17, inclusive@ by means of an overlying horizontally/disposed bafile 21 which is constructed and arranged in baflle embodied in said a d. a w tne s ed herein, t W ter ba e itwi'll ueapsarn't tha't tlie waterfcapacity thfof' tively spaced oppositely directed openings 29 for the hot combustion products. The design of the fire box 2| is such that substantially complete oil combustion is obtained with a minimum supply of secondary air or oxygen,

As shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, the fire box 2| does not extend the entire depth of the boiler and, in the illustrated embodiment of the invention, terminates just forwardly of the water tube I8. This partichla'r tiibe |8 defines a transversely extending vertical Water-leg or bafile, designated generally by the numeral 39 which serves to divide the interior of the boiler into fire box and draft flue portions, respectively,

With reference to Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawings, the water-leg or baffle 35 is formed by standing between the headers ID a cross=cbhhe6tihg tube 3| and securing to the tube l8 and tube 3l at opposite sides thereof, a (pair of suitably toting urated plates 32. These *plates 32 maybe secured to the tube it tube 31 to provide a watertight chamber t3 therebetween by welding oi the like as ihdicat ed at 3%. new resta ementtion between the tubes l8 and 3| and thchafifi- 8% assets by 'piovidi' suitable bfi rigs in the rates 1:8 and 3%, example, as indicated at es. the istes s2 may te 'alditiohally epport'ed 'ci'f spacing sates or the like -36 secured the'rebetwen.

With reierence to Fig. 2 of the drawings, it will be tbser'va that the toner ednstrtetioh 'of "the resentinventien menses a uown-ira'rt passage 3! for the presenter combustion so that the iibt combustion emanating from the laterally directed -'t 'pehtrigs 2 9 as the fire box 21 sweep the upper -pcrtions er the adz'racent tubes IQ to 11-, n1- clusive, and the under portion of the top header 9 as the ases pass generally rearweirdly through the boiler and over the top (if the water baiiie 30 whence they travel downwardly through thepassage t! tt thei'ltieopening 38 adjacent the bottom of the "boiler, the path of travel 'of the combustion products "being indicated generally by the arrows in Figs. 2 and 6. of the drawings. The iprovisi'on of the water-bafiie '81! serves not only to increase material-1y the water capacity or the boiler but provides for increasedcperating eificiency through prpvision fof relatively lower -'stack temperatures.

In the illustrated embodiment of the invention sa is rformed in association with the tube 413 and m t e m t e w wat r i l. L s, disp s jm't- -e ow d a Pa s ge. i i til be it is swept by the hot combustion gass. passing assage 31 the flue W U H b y thereof and con itutes a boiler 'fn'ake u-p' water 'preere a Preferably th most, rearward tube It constituting the "p r e-heater 39 'is constructed a" qttrranged'as shown in Fig'sQZ'andB pithe draw "gs.

- f! t e outwardly adjacEntlegs of the o-"snatea tube I}! apnira'uty interc nnecting 'branchtube's 41 a ranged in "substant rany equany'spaeeh "parallel' elation and 'deeiinmgjoutwardry fromthe central tube to to the legs of the u hap IS, forjexampl'efas shown in-Fig 5. fB'y ll tlllzl g this) construction for "the mist rearw rattbe 1a .4 may be increased without increase in the overall dimensions of the space occupied thereby and while at the same time increasing the radiating surface area for heat exchange between the Water Within the tube l9 and the downwardly moving combustion gases. The number of branch tubes 4| employed in any given installation will depend, of course, upon the capacity and radiation surface required or desired.

iearli'v'ardmost tube is cohstitutes the circu'latihg return line from the top header 9 to the lower headers I0 and also has connected thereto adjacent the lower end of the tube 40 thereof a site 42 by means of which hot water supplied to an associated heating system from the top header 9 is returned for reheating and recirculatioh the conventional manner or by means of wi'lich adolitional water may be admitted to the boiler as called for by the water level indicator or like device 43. 33y assessing the rea-rwardiaest wee it? the adtinarart passage 31 6i the toner, the relatively cbol water 'i eeircnlating tram top header 8 to the lower headers N3 and entering tboiler through the tube or pipe t? as tibed' rues "to cool-the lrGt wmttstie'n gases as they pass downwardly the passage bl duct 3 1 to the $1116 '38 tires resulting relatively lower flue or "stack temperatures. 0n the other hand, the heat exchange which takes place between the relatively cool water in the rearwardmost tube is and hot Furthermore, it will be obvious that the con struction of the water tube I 9 incorporating the central and branch tubes fill and 4| may be employed and utilized in one or more of the water tubes t2 to 1'], inclusive, to thereby -increase the capacity of the boiler as required for different uses without increasing the over-all size and dimensions thereof. I h

':A modification of the previously described construction is shown in Fig 8 of the drawings wherein, ini'p'lac e of the waterbaifie 30 provided in conjunction with the tube T3, there-"is provided between the water tubes l3 and f9 a -ba file member staiitfal'ly to the-shape the tubesTB anti Tea-Ira lsubstai'itially 'iills the "space 'therbetween. 'I'niall dthrrsp'ectsthe'eonstrution 6f the'bo'ile'r istl'ie same as previously described.

"The batter s encasee within "the usual heatz'ufsulaitiii 5 at the front, rear and oppbsite si es thereof ant the latter "at "it upper ena "curves i'r wttru y into engagement with "the top header? of the boiler in thefilati'oh shown inFigs. .1 and 6 of the drawings. "i iiisinsurtition may "supported by suitable aek'in'g' sfhet'sat and The entir struotwe includ ng 'theoil biiirier 2 5 'r'iiay beenjclosed by 'a' sh'e''t meter "casing piovidin'g"apleasing 'esternal appearance in accord-- ance with presentdayfpra ctice, f tirther ina'ccdifdairfc-e with "'iisiial practice, the top "header 9 prefer bf-c'oritains a domestic not water heat- I men in y be c'onnected and contro'lled tosoperate according to'theju'sifal'so called suminrand winter hook-up, and the header 9 shtui be=prdviiiedjtith tne-irsuarpressure gauge 5,. It is to be-notedthat the entire boiler, including the tubes l2 to [9, inclusive, baffie 30, make unbeaten-39' and headers 9 and lp'may befabricated of steel and welded together to provide a relatively light and durable boiler construction which is characterized by its inexpensivenessto manufacture and efficiency in operationj The'boiler construction of the present. invention also provides. an oil-fired boiler of the downdraft type which embodies means'for cooling the combustion gases passing to the stack to ,provide. relatively .lower stack temperaturesv while at the same time effectively pre-heating the make-up water entering and returning to the boiler for reheating and recirculation. The invention further provides a boiler construction which is constructed and arranged so that additional heating surface and water capacity may be added as required without increasing the size and dimensions of the boiler.

Apart from these features and characteristics of construction and operation the boiler of the present invention embodies a water bafiie and make-up heater of distinct and novel construction, and provides generally a boiler which is highly economical and eiiicient in operation and use.

While certain embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described herein, it is not intended to limit the invention to such disclosure and changes and modifications may be made therein and thereto within the scope of the following claims.

I claim:

1. In a boiler of the character set forth comprising a casing structure, a pair of relatively spaced lower headers extending adjacent opposite sides of the casing in the lower portion thereof, an upper header extending longitudinally in the top portion of said casing centrally thereof with respect to said lower headers, a plurality of water tubes arranged in spaced relation longitudinally of said lower headers and interconnecting the same with said upper header, a bailie structure transversely of the boiler and extending vertically therein to a point spaced below said upper header and sub-dividing the interior of the easing into a forward combustion chamber and a rearward vertical passage communicating with said combustion chamber above said bafile structure, and a fire box disposed forwardly of said baffle structure between said lower headers and said water tubes and having in the opposite sides thereof openings inwardly o-ifset from the side walls of said box, and directed laterally toward said water tubes so that combustion gases passing from said fire box are caused to sweep the water tubes arranged along opposite sides of said fire box.

2. In a boiler of the character set forth comprising a casing structure, a pair of relatively spaced lower headers extending adjacent opposite sides of the casing in the lower portion thereof, an upper header extending longitudinally in the top portion of said casing centrally thereof with respect to said lower headers, a plurality of water tubes arranged in spaced relation longitudinally of said pair of lower headers and interconnecting the same with said upper header, a baffle structure transversely of the boiler and extending vertically therein to a point spaced below said upper header and sub-dividing the interior of the casing into a forward combustion chamber and a rearward vertical passage commimicating with said combustion chamber above 6.? s'aid baiilestructure, said baffle structure being positioned longitudinally of said-headers with rspctto saidwater tubes so that at :least the most-rearward water tube is disposed in said vertical downdraft passage, and afire box disposed forwardly of saidbaffle structurebetween said-lower'hea'ders and said water tubes and having in the opposite sides thereof openings in-' wardly offset from the side walls of said box, and directedlaterally toward said water tubes so that combustion gases passing from said fire box are spaced lower headers extending adjacent oppov site sides of the casing in the lower portion thereof, a series of water tubes of inverted U-shape arranged in spaced relation longitudinally of said pair of lower headers with the ends of said tubes connected respectively to said headers, an upper header in the top portion of said casing spaced above said water tubes and connected to each thereof, a cross-connection between said lower headers in the plane of one of said water tubes, and plates secured in fluid-tight relation to opposite sides of said one of the water tubes and crossconnection and to said lower headers thereby enclosing the space defined therebetween to provide a transversely extending vertical water bafiie sub-dividing the interior of the easing into a forward combustion chamber and a rearward vertical passage communicating with said combustion chamber above said water bafile, at least one of said cross-connections and one water tube having openings therein for supplying water to the interior of said baffle.

4. In a boiler of the character set forth comprising a casing structure, a pair of relatively spaced lower headers extending adjacent opposite sides of the casing in the lower portion thereof, a series of water tubes of inverted U-shape arranged in spaced relation longitudinally of said pair of lower headers with the ends of said tubes connected respectively to said headers, an upper header in the top portion of said casing spaced above said water tubes and connected to each thereof, a cross-connection between said lower headers in the plane of one of said water tubes, and plates secured in fluid-tight relation to opposite sides of said one of the water tubes and cross-connection and to said lower headers thereby enclosing the space defined therebetween to provide a transversely extending vertical water baffle sub-dividing the interior of the easing into a forward combustion chamber and a rearward vertical passage communicating with said combustion chamber above said water bafile, the water tube with which said bafile is associated being an intermediate one of said series so that at least the most rearward water tube is disposed in said vertical passage.

5. Apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the baflie structure comprises a cross-connection between said lower headers in the plane of one of said U-shaped water tubes, and plates are secured in fluid-tight relation to opposite sides of said one U-shaped water tube and cross-connection and to said headers thereby enclosing the space defined therebetween to provide a water chamber, said water tube and cross-connection having openings therein communicating with the interior of said chamber.

6. In a boiler of the character described having a pair of headers, a water baffle comprising

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