US2571629A - Vaporizing oil burner - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 16, 1951 W H, STRQM 2,571,629 s VAPORIZING OIL BURNER Filed NOV. 28, 194'? Patented Oct. 16, 41951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE f VAPORIZING OIL BURNER 4William H. Strom, Minneapolis, Minn.

Application November 28, 1947, Serial No. 788,461

4 Claims.

This invention relates to oil burners particularly adapted for space heaters and the like.

It is an object of my invention toprovide a novel and improved highly eflicient oil burner adapted to completely vaporize the fuel supplied thereto and thereafter to eiiiciently burn the same therein.

It is another object of my invention to provide an oil burner having a combustion chamber with a heat conductor mounted therein and supported at the bottom thereof, said heat conductor being adapted to completely vaporize the fuel oil as it is supplied to said combustion chamber at a point adjacent said conductor.

It is a further object of my invention to provide an oil burner having a combustion chamber with tubular air inlets extending therethrough to supply air to the central portion thereof for efficiently burning the fuel therein.

It is still a further obiect of my invention to provide a multiple combustion chamber oil burner with a heat conductor extending through said chambers and adapted to vaporize the oil as it is supplied to said chambers to permit highly effi-A cient and complete combustion of the fuel.

These and other objects and advantages of my invention will more fully appear from the following description made in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein like reference characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views and in which;

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of an oil burner embodying one form of my invention, said section being taken substantially along the line I-I of Fig. 3;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view taken substantially along line 2 2 of Fig. 3 and showing in detail the multiple combustion chambers of the form of my invention illustrated in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken sub- K stantially along the irregular line 3--3 of Fig. 1;

In Figs. l through 5, I illustrate one form of upwardly spaced relation from the bottom ex tremity of said casing Ill and disposed substantially horizontally. A multiple chamber fire pot designated as an entirety by numeral I2 is centrally mounted on said base II in fixed relation thereto. A number one combustion chamber I3 is formed at the bottom of said re pot and has in the form of my invention illustrated a substantially square cross sectional shape. The side walls of the number one chamber I3 are disposed substantially vertically and extend upwardly from the base II. A number one combustion chamber top cover I3a is xed to the top extremities of said side walls.V A second combustion chamber I4, slightly smaller in cross section than number one chamber I3 but having the same cross sectional shape, is fixed to the marginal portion of number one combustion chamber cover I3a and has vertically disposed side walls. A number two combustion chamber cover Ida closes the top of the number two combustion chamber I4. A number three combustion chamber I5 in the form of a cylinder is centrally fixed on number two combustion chamber cover Ida and extends upwardly therefrom.

The combustion chamber covers I3a and I4 have relatively large intercommunicating apertures I3?)I and Mb centrally formed therein. The side walls of chambers I3, I4 and I5 have a plurality of spaced air vent apertures I3c, IlIc, and Ic respectively formed therein, and the number of these vent apertures controls the combustion of the fuel in each chamber. The control of the air supply in the number one combustion chamber I3 is extremely critical and must be very accurately maintained to permit efficient fuel combustion for low flames. The air supply in the number two and number three chambers I4 and I5 respectively, is less critical but should still be accurately maintained to provide eicient combustion for medium and high flames. The purpose of having multiple combustion chambers is to permit the flame of the burner to be accurately varied while maintaining eflicient fuel combustion at each flame level.

Air is supplied to the central portion of combustion chamber I3 by providing perforated open-ended air supply tubes IS. ln the form A of my invention illustrated, two pairs of these tubes I6 are provided, one pair being disposed substantially paralle1 and extending parallel with one pair of opposed side walls, the other pair being disposed parallel and extending parallel to the other pair of opposed side walls of said chamber I3. One pair of tubes I6 crosses the other pair of tubes I6 and is disposed thereabove. These perforated air supply tubes I6 are disposed Ysaid well through the three combustion chambers and the so as to leave a substantially square open space at the center of the number one combustion chamber I3.

A controlled oil supply is provided having a supply conduit I1 with the control valve I8 connected in series therewith. An oil supply well I9 is mounted in the central portion of the base II and extends upwardly through said base to communicate with the number one combustion chamber I3, said oil supply conduit I1 being connected by suitable fittings with said well I5 to supply oil thereto. A drain plug 2I is provided at the bottom of said well I9.

A hollow gas generating cap 22 is centrally mounted at the bottom of combustion chamber I3 to overlie the oil supply well I9. This hollow cap 22 forms an oil vaporizing chamber directly over the well I9. The lower peripheral portion of the cap 22 has a plurality of peripherally spaced fuel vents 23 formed therein to permit Afuel to flow outwardly therethrough. A heat conducting solid rod 24 is provided in form A of my invention to supply heat to said gas generating cap 22 for vaporizing the oil as it is supplied from I9. The rod 24 extends upwardly respective communicating apertures I3b and I4b. A heat exchanger jacket 25 is mounted around -said re pot I2 in spaced relation thereto to completely enclose the same.

A-plurality of air supply inlet apertures 26 are formed through the base plate II to communicate between the jacket 25 and the re pot I2.

These inlets 26 supply substantially all of the Icombustion air to the re pot I2 which flows into -the various combustion chambers through the respective air vent apertures I3c, I 4c, and I 55o. The upper extremity of the heat exchanger jacket 25 has a large exhaust gas outlet 2l formed therein and a stove pipe 28, with an elbow 28a, is fitted therearound. The stove pipe 28 vextends out through the casing I0 and upwardly to communicate with the outside air. A pivoted -idamper 29 is mounted in said stove pipe to limit the draft within said stack thus preventingr the draft through the stack 28 from becoming too great by supplying air from the room directly thereto.

An access chute 30 is xed to the outer portion of one side of the number one combustion chamber I3 which has a cooperating opening formed at that point. The access chute 30 extends outwardly through the jacket 25 and the casing II to permit an operator to reach into the combustion chamber I3 to light the stove and a hinged door 3|, shown in Fig. 5, on said chute 30 has a controllable damper 32.

The intercommunicating apertures I3b and I4b are large enough to permit the gas generating cap 22 with the heat conductor rod 24 fixed thereon to be inserted downwardly therethrough and placed in the proper position with the inner periphery of the cap 22 surrounding the top of the well I9.

This gas generating unit can be removed through said intercommunicating apertures I3b and I4b and out through exhaust vent 2T by first removing the elbow 28a, access having been provided by a hinged grill 33 in the top of casing I0. After removal of the gas generating unit, the fire pot I2 can be thoroughly cleaned out and thereafter the generating unit replaced therein.

The operation of form A of my invention has been very satisfactory. The heat conductor 24 slight distance thereabove and is heated to a cherry red color at the top by a medium to a high flame. This heat is carried downwardly through the heat conductor rod 24 to the gas generating cap 22 to vaporize the oil as it ilows out of the well I 9. By completely vaporizing the oil as it is supplied a very high degree of combustion efciency is obtained. Even with a low flame burning only in the number one combustion chamber I3, the gas generating cap 22 is heated sufliciently to vaporize substantially all of the oil as it flows out of well I9 at a relatively slow rate.

The air supply tubes I6 permit air to flow d1- rectly into the central area of the number one combustion chamber.

The heat exchanger jacket 25 heats the air as it enters through a plurality of registers 34 in the base plate II and in the sides of the casing I0. The products of combustion pass up within jacket 25 and out through elbow 28a and stove pipe 28. The supply of air may be adjusted to some extent by the slide damper 32 on the access chute 30.

It will be seen that I have provided a highly eiicient oil burning re pot for space heaters and the like, the multiple combustion chamber of form A being particularly adapted to burn efficiently at a low flame as well as a high flame. By supplying oil to the center portion of the bottom of the lire pot,V it is possible to maintain equal heat on all sides of said fire pot and therefore, there will be no cold areas which will carbon up the burners when a low llame is burning therein. The Vaporizer cap in the invention concentrates the heat at the center of the pot to vaporize the oil as it is supplied through said wells.

It will, of course, be understood that various changes may be made in the form, details, arrangement and proportions of the parts without departing from the scope of my invention.

What I claim is:

1. A multiple combustion chamber oil burner comprising a fire pot having a base, re pot Walls defining a plurality of intercommunicating vertically stacked combustion chambers of successively smaller size toward the top thereof, each of said combustion chambers having a plurality of air supply inlet apertures formed in the fire pot walls and a central intercommunicating aperture formed at the top thereof, said intercom- -rnunicating apertures being aligned, means for supplying oil to the center of said fire pot base, a hollow cap centrally mounted on said base to cover said central oil supply means, said cap having a plurality of fuel outlet openings therein,

and a heat conductor connected in upstanding relation to said cap and extending upwardly therefrom through said aligned intercommuni eating apertures and said combustion chambers to be heated therein and adapted to carry the heat downwardly to said cap for vaporizing the oil supplied thereunder.

2.A multiple combustion chamber oil burner comprising a lire pot having a base and a number one combustion chamber formed at the bottom thereof, the fire pot walls deningI a number two combustion chamber stacked on said number one vchamber' and centrally communicating therewith, and a number three combustion chamber stacked on said number two chamber and centrally communicating therewith, each of said chambers having an intercommunicating aperture in the top thereof, said intercommunicating aperture being disposed in vertical alignment,

said fire pot having a plurality of air inlet apertures formed in the fire pot Walls to supply air for combustion to each of said combustion chambers, an oil supply well centrally mounted in said base, said base having an oil supply inlet centrally formed therein for carrying oil to said number one combustion chamber from said well, means for supplying oil at a controlled rate of flow to said well, a hollow vaporizing cap mounted over said oil inlet, and a heat conducting rod connected to said cap and extending upwardly therefrom through aligned intercommunicatingapertures and said combustion chambers to carry heat downwardly therefrom to said cap to vaporize the oil supplied through said inlet, said cap having'a plurality of peripherally formed fuel vents formed therein to permit the fuel to flow outwardly into said fire pot.

3. An oil burner for space heaters and the like, comprising a re pot having a base, a source of oil supply connected to said base for supplying oil to said fire pot, a heat conductor mounted on said base directly above the oil supply connection and extending upwardly through said iire pot to be heated by the fuel combustion therein, said heat conductor carrying heat downwardly to vaporize the oil supplied from said source, means for supplying a controlled volume of air through the peripheral portion of said fire pot, and a number of perforated air supply tubes extending through intermediate portions of said fire pot for supplying air directly to the inside of said pot.

4. An oil burner for space heaters and the like, comprising a re pot having a base, means for supplying oil to said base and having an oil inlet formed centrally thereof for supplying oil to said fire pot, a hollow cap mounted on said base to cover said oil inlet means and having a number of fuel outlet openings form-ed therein, and a heat conductor connected in upstanding relation on said cap and extending upwardly therefrom through said lire pot to carry heat from the upper portion of said pot downwardly to said cap and vaporize the oil supplied through said inlet, and a plurality of perforated open-ended air supply tubes extending through intermediate portions of said re pot and out beyond the sides thereof for supplying air directly to the inside of said fire pot.

WILLIAM I-I. STROM.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,627,591 Breese, Jr May 10, 1927 2,020,777 Gore et al Nov. 12, 1935 2,137,469 Willson Nov. 22, 1938 2,207,843 Wilkes et al July 16, 1940 2,272,423 Moore Feb. 10, 1942 2,275,002 Barr Mar. 3, 1942 2,287,346 Fishel June 23, 1942 2,304,706 Pollock Dec. 8, 1942 2,395,765 Schneider Feb. 26, 1946 2,432,143 De Lancey Dec. 9, 1947 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 816,124 France Apr. 26, 1937

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