US2559364A - Fuel injector - Google Patents

Description

July 3 1951 1 w. H. MAsHlNTl-:R' 2,559,364

FUEL. INJECTOR Filed June 24, 1944 I 5 Sheets-Sheet l Kun July 3, 1951 w. H. MASHINTER 2,559,364

FUEL INJECTOR Filed June 24, 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 July 3, 1951 w. H. MASI-HNTl-:Ry 2,559,364

FUEL INJECTOR -l INVENTOR.

5 Sheets-Sheet 4 W. H. MASHINTER FUEL INJECTOR JGZ July 3, 195] Filed J'une 24, 1944 July 3, 195] W.

Filed June 24, 1944 H. MASHINTER FUEL INJECTOR 5 SheeLs-Shee'cI 5 Jaa 556' may if M* @g Patented July 3, 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT oEFicE FUEL INJECTOR William H. Mashinter, Chicago, Ill.

Application June 24, 1944, Serial No. 541,969

21 Claims. (Cl. 299-1072) This invention pertains to pump mechanism, injector mechanism or atomizing mechanism adapted to either supply solid liquid or spray with engines of the high-speedy type, employing lighter grades of fuel such as gasoline.

Another object is to provide a fuel injector so organized as to produce a fully developed readily combustible fuel spray within the very minute interval of time available at high operating speeds.

Another object is to provide an improved bellows type of pump capable of withstanding high pressures over long periods of use.

Another object of the invention is to provide a mixture ratio control mechanism for injectors.

Another object of the invention is to provide automatic enriching mechanism and automatic leaning mechanism for injectors.

Another object is to provide a pump having a pressure responsive discharge valve so arranged as to be mechanically operated in the event of failure in pump pressure.

Another object of the invention is to provide a readily controllable injector adapted to s'upply selected quantities of uid, as fuel, to the cylinder of an engine, and wherein means is provided to eliminate air or gas from the fluid prior to injection.

Another object is to provide injecting means for supplying fuel to an internal combustionl engine which may be used with manifold or separate cylinder injection and wherein the fuel is introduced in properly atomized condition over the entire range of operation of the engine, i. e.,

regardless of the operating speed of the engine.\

Another object is to provide injecting means wherein the amount of fluid supplied therefrom is controlled by the pressure of the fluid delivered to the injecting means.

Another object is to provide injector or pump mechanism for supplying fuel to a cylinder of an internal combustion engine which may be adapted to be driven by a cam shaft of the engine or by means operable from an adjacent cylinder.

Another object of the invention is to provide a fuel injector adapted particularly for use with engines of a high speed type, whether operating on heavy, intermediate, or light grade fuels.

Another object of the invention is to provide an injector so constructed and arranged that it is not dependent upon'any particular shape of actuating cam, but shapes of cams may be resorted to as desired, to obtain a suitable variation of injector output with variations in injector speed of operation (engine speed). v

Another object of the invention is to provide an injector so constructed and arranged that under certain conditions of operation it does not need nor is it dependent upon a separate pump for supplying fuel thereto.

Another object of the invention is to provide an injector so constructed that it will operate over a large range of supply pressures.

Another object of the invention is to provide an injector wherein the usual mechanical throttle may be eliminated.

Anotherobject of the invention is to provide a fuel injector so constructed and arranged that a complete degree of load-speed control is had by virtue of four independent controls over the amount of fuel emitted per injection, that is, (1) mechanical throttle, (2) variable supply pressure, (3) speed of injection operation and (4) manifold pressure. f

Another object of the invention is to provide an injector using a controlled balanced diaphragm form of pump means for injection operation.

Another object is to provide a fuel injector capable of effecting a more accurate control of A the quantity of fuel injected throughout the entire range of engine speeds and loads.

With these and various other objects in view, the invention may consist of certainnovel features of construction and operation as will be more fully described and particularly pointed out in the specification, drawings and claims appended hereto.

In the drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the device and wherein like reference characters are used to designate like parts- Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of one form of fuel injector embodying the invention;

Figure 2 is a transverse sectional view taken substantially in the plane as indicated by the line 2-2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a modified form of injector embodying 'the invention;

Figure 4 is a fragmentary, longitudinal sectional elevation of a modified form of injector nozzle assembly embodying the invention@ ,v

Figure 5 is a longitudinal sectionalelevation of a modified form of injector embodying the invention showing the operating means from an adjacent cylinder for the injector;

Figure 6 is a sectional elevation of a modied form of nozzle assembly for the injector shown in Figure 5;

Figure 7 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a modified form of injector embodying the invention wherein a balanced diaphragm is used;

Figure 8 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a modified formof injector embodying the invention wherein a balanced diaphragm is used, but wherein the injection valve assembly is remotely disposed with respect to the pump;

Figure 9 is a fragmentary sectional elevation of a modified form of nozzle assembly for the pump illustrated in Figures 8 or 10\ being particularly adapted for manifold injection;

Figure 10 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a modified form of injector embodying the invention but wherein the injection valve assembly is remotely disposed with respect to the pump;

Figure ll is a diagrammatic sectional elevation showing the arrangement of injector and air inlet control for an internal combustion engine cylinder;

Figure 12 is a diagrammatic elevation showing means for operating the control mechanism ofV an injector together with adjusting means for the initial position thereof; and

Figure 13 is a fragmentary sectional elevation of an automatic control device adapted to be used with the mechanism illustrated in Figure l2, replacing the manual adjustment whereby automatic enriching or leaning of the mixture is attained during operation of an engine.

Referring first of all to the fuel injector illustrated in Figures l and 2, said injector comprises a rigid barrel, housing or casing 20 having a pump or housing chamber 22 therein. One end of the pump chamber is provided with a closure or nozzle assembly 24 screwed into the barrel and fashioned to provide a spray nozzle to be later described. The opposite end of the barrel is provided with a plug or top seal 26 pressed into sealing contact with a tapered shoulder 28 provided within the barrel. The plug 26 is forced against the shoulder 28 by a bushing 30 screwed into an enlarged extension 32 of the barrel and locked in place by appropriate means such as a nut 34 threaded thereon. y

The barrel 20 contains a pump impeller preferably in the form of a longitudinally extensible plaited metallic bellows of Sylphon 36 extending lengthwise of and within the chamber 22. The bellows is formed preferably of resilient metal or other material of high tensile strength capable of sustaining the hydraulic pressures and the flexing movements to which it is subjected. The bellows is shown suspended from a boss 38 that projects from the inner end of the plug 26 and to which the upper end 40 of the bellows is permanently attached by welding or otherwise to seal the same against leakage. The lower end of the bellows is sealed by an end head or lower seal 42 similarly attached thereto.

A push rod 44, extending through and guided in the plug 26, constitutes a. simple and convenient actuator for the impeller. In this instance the inner end of the push rod 44 rests loosely against the end head 42 of the bellows while the outer end loosely 'engages a thrust transmitting block or aligning tab 46 guided in the inner end of the hollow bushing 38.

A stop bushing 48 screwed into the bushing 36 co-acts with the thrust block 46 to limit the outer or return stroke of the push rod 44 and impeller. The bushing 48 also serves as a guide for anappropriate reciprocating or lower tappet 50 by which the push rod 44 is actuated through the thrust block 46. The tappet 58 is shown lengthwise adjustable and for that purpose is provided with an adjustable extension in the form of a screw or upper cam tappet 52 threaded into the outer end thereof and secured in any position of adjustment by a lock nut 54. The cam tappet is provided with an end head 56 positioned to co-act'with an appropriate actuating cam or eccentric 58.

The stroke of the push rod 44 and consequently of the impeller 36 isaccurately'regulated by axial adjustment of the stop bushing 48 within the stationary bushing 36. In this connection it will be noted that when the stop bushing 48 is fully retracted to a position where it will not limit the return stroke of the rod 44, the operating stroke of the rod and impeller corresponds to the throw of the cam 58, but by advancing the stop bushing 48, the return stroke of the rod and impeller may be arrested at any point desired. When thus limited, the stroke of the impeller corresponds to only a fractional part of the throw of the cam 58. Axial adjustment of the stop bushing 48 is effected by rotating the same within the bushing 36 and for that purpose any appropriate means such as a lever 60 is provided adjustably xed to the bushing 48 by a set screw 62.

The spray nozzle assembly 24 is provided with an outwardly flaring discharge orifice 64 controlled preferably by an outwardly opening, spring loaded valve 66 of conical form adapted to seat within the orice. In this instance the valve 66 is yieldably held to its seat by a compression spring 68 arranged beneath a washer 10 carried by the valve stem 12. The stem 12 is guided in a channel 'I4 leading from a discharge or nozzle chamber 16 within the nozzle assembly to the orifice 64. That portion of the stem 12 adjacent the valve is reduced to form an annular distributing chamber 18 adjacent the orifice 64, and channels 80 formed in the sides of the stem provide communication between the chambers 18 and 16.

The inner end of the nozzle chamber 16 is preferably provided with a hollow plug or delivery or l,check valve housing 82, having an outwardly opening delivery or check valve 84 therein urged toward closed position by a compression spring 86 seated at one end on the valve 84 and at the other end on the hollow plug 88. The housing 82 also provides support for the compression spring 90 which reacts on head 42 of the impeller Q6 to aid in effecting a prompt return stroke thereof.

The pump chamber 22 and nozzle chamber 16 are maintained flooded with a solid body of liquid fuel supplied under moderate pressure from any appropriate source through van appropriate fitting 92 equipped with an inwardly opening spring loaded check valve 94.

Provision is preferably made for effecting a circulation of liquid fuel through the pump chamber 22 in a manner to rid the same of objectionable bubbles of air that sometimes enter with the occur therein as a result of the temperatures to which the injector is subjected under some conditions of use. For this purpose a discharge duct 96 is provided at the upper or outer end of the pump chamber in plug 26. 'Ihis duct 96 is normally closed by a valve 98 which, when opened, will permit the liquid fuel to flow upwardly through the chamber 22 and through duct 96 to an appropriate drain pipe |00 carried by the plug 26.

In this instance the valve 98 is shown carried by a hexagonal housing |02 guided for vertical movement lengthwise of the chamber 22 by the cylindrical bore of said chamber. The interior of the housing |02 is circular to accommodate the circular bellows 36. A compression spring |04 reacts against the lower flanged end |06 ofthe housing |02 to yieldably sustain the same in its upper position with the valve 98 closed, one end of said spring being seated on the flanged end |06 and the other end on the seat |08 provided irnthe nozzle assembly 24. The end flange |06 of the housing is positioned to be engaged and depressed by the head 42 of 'the bellows when the latter is extended a predetermined amount.

Under some conditions of operation it is desirable to effect automatic opening of the valve 98 at the end of each pressure stroke of the bellows, so as to effect an intermittent flow of liquid fuel throughthe pump chamber, not only for the purpose of ridding the chamber of objectionable air or other gases, but also to cool the chamber and thereby avoid the generation of., gaseous vapors that might otherwise develop. This may be accomplished by adjusting the screw section 52 of the tappet in such manner as to advance the stroke range of the bellows to a point where the head 42 will strike and depress the flanged end |06 of the housing |02 at the end of each pressure stroke. This, of course, results in an intermittent momentary release of liquid fuel from the pump chamber through the duct 96 to the source of supply or other receiver. the escaping fuel being replenished through the supply fitting 92.

Under other conditions of operation which do not require this automatic discharge and circulation of fuel, the screw section 52 of the tappet may be so set as to terminate the stroke of the impeller head 42 short of the end |06 of the housing |02. Under these conditions the valve 98 may be opened only as occasion may demand. For instance, when initially filling the pump chamber with liquid fuel it becomes necessary to expel the air originally contained therein. For this purpose the head 42 of the bellows may be advanced sufficiently to engage and depress the end |06 of the housing |02 and to thus open the valve 98, by advancing the stop bushing 48, this advance being transmitted to the head 42 through the tab 46 and rod 44.

The fuel injector shown is intended for direct application to an engine cylinder and, when so arranged, it is subjected to temperatures which tend to vaporize the fuel in the nozzle chamber 16. The primary purpose of the check valve 84 is to prevent any admission of gases, thus generated, from the nozzle chamber into the pump chamber 22.

It will be noted that by the use of a sealed impeller 36 of the character above described,y the solid body of liquid fuel within the pump chamber 22 is effectively confined against leakage, so that the initial effect of each working stroke of the impeller against this solid body of liquid is to produce an abrupt explosive-like pressure rise of a magnitude suilicient to induce an immediate discharge of fuel through the adjacent nozzle assembly 24. It will, of course, be understood that this discharge is resisted by the spring loaded valve 66 which also reacts on the issuing fuel to atomize the same. The suddenness of the pressure rise and the close proximity of the spray nozzle to the point of application of the pressure thus combine to produce al fully developed, readily combustible fuel spray with a promptness or suddenness not otherwise possible. The fuel injector shown is therefore especially adapted for use with high-speed engines wherein the time available for each injection is necessarily very minute.

It will be further noted that the amount of fuel injected by'each stroke of the impeller is very accurately controlled. This is due not alone to Vthe use of a sealed impeller by which leakage is avoided, but also by the fact that the stroke of the impeller is accurately controlled. 'As above noted, the adjustable bushing 48 constitutes a positive stop for definitely limiting the return stroke of the impeller and thereby accurately determining the point at which each working stroke begins. As hereinabove noted, this bushing may be readily adjusted to regulate the length of stroke, and organized in the manner shown, it will remain indefinitely in any position to which it has been set. Moreover, the relatively narrow form of the impeller facilitates accurate control or" the amount of fuel injected.

Also it will be noted that with the bellows 36 arranged in the manner above described, the

' pressures developed in the pump chamber 22 react against the externa-l surfaces of the bellows and, thus applied, are readily sustained thereby. Also, since those pressures are developed by longitudinal extension rather than compression of the bellows, there is no tendency for the bellows to bow or buckle.

Referring now to the modication illustratd in Figure 3, the injector comprises a rigid housing or casing ||0 s:cured to the injection valve housing ||2 as by the threads ||4, the injection valve housing 2 being secured to the nozzle body ||6 as by the threads ||8. Seals ||5 and are disposed between the casing and housing and the housing and body, respectively. The nozzle body |||6 is provided with the valve seat |20 on which the nomle valve |22 is adapted to seat, the shape of the valve and seat being such as to cause a spraying action of the ejected liquid when the device is in operation.

vThe val-ve |22 is provided with the stem |24 of smaller diameter than the stem bore |26, the bore |26 being in communication with the bore |28 provided in the nozzle body and communicating with the discharge chamber |30 provided in the housing ||2. The stem |24 is provided with an upper portion |32 slidably received in the guide |34 disposed in the nozzle body, the upper end of the stem |32 being provided with the spring seat or washer |36 fastened to the stem as at |38, the spring |40 urging the valve toward closed position, seating at one end on the seat |36 and at the other end on the seat |42 provided on the body I6.

The casing ||0 is provided with the boss |44 adapted to receive the check valve fitting |46, said fitting being connected to a suitable source of supply, the tting having the seat |48 for accommodating the ball valve |50 seating toward the source of supply. The valve |50 is urged toward closed position by means of the spring |52 7 seated at one end on the ball valve |50 and at the other end on the bushing |54. The check valve communicates -with the housing chamber |56 formed in the casing l0.

The tripod base |58 is disposed within said chamber providing a seat for the upper end of spring |60, the lower end of said spring being seated on the retainer |62, said spring urging the tripod upwardly.. The tripod includes guide members |64, preferably two in number, suitably fguided lin the upper portion of chamber |56, the

third leg of the tripod being formed by the valve stem |66 of valve |68. The legs of the tripod thus formed are preferably 120 apart. The lower end of spring also seats on the retainer |62, the upper end being seated on the lower seal |12 of the bellows or Sylphon |14,'the upper end of said Sylphon being sealed by the upper seal |16.

The seal |16 is suitably secured as by the threads |18 to the guide or valve block |80, a washer or other sealing means |8| being provided therebetween and said block |80 is provided with a guide portion |82 for the bellows actuating rod |84. The block |80 is provided with the valve seat |86 for the valve |68, the valve thus controlling the passage |88 communicating with the chamber |90 formed in the end head |92 above the block |80, the end head being secured as by the threads |94 to the casing ||0 and 9, suitable seal |95 being provided between the head |92 and the block |80 and casing ||0.

The chamber |90 is connected back to the source of supply or other receiving means through connections not shown, threads |96 being provided for a connecting tting for this purpose. The lower end of the rod |84 is adapted to engage the lower seal |12 for actuating the bellows |14, the upper end of said rod contacting the aligning tab |98 mounted for reciprocation above the block |80 and within the sleeve 200.

The sleeve 200 is secured to the end head |92 as by threads 202 and is locked in position by means of the lock nut 204 and sealing means 205 is interposed between sleeve 200 and block |80. The sleeve is internally threaded as at 206 for receiving complementary threads of the throttle screw 208. Reciprocatory movement of the throttle screw 208 determines the movement of the rod |84 and consequently controls movement of the bellows |14. The throttle screw is secured as by screws 2|0 to the gear 2|2 adapted to be rotated by means of the rack 2|4 whereby the position of the throttle screw 208 is controlled. A reiprocatory operating rod 2|6, which is reciprocated uniformly by the operating means` .such as the cam not shown, is adapted to impart movement to the aligning tab |98 and consequently the bellows.

In operation of this device, assuming the chambers |56 and |30 to be lled with fuel, when the rod 2|6 is depressed by the operating cam or other means, the bellows |14 is extended, causing fluid pressure to open the valve |22 and iniect a measured quantity of` fuel. Dwnward movement of the seal |12 will cause said seal to engage the tripod base |58 to open the valve |68 to permit the escape of vapor or the circulation of liquid back to the source or other receiving means.

Under certain conditions it may be desired that the valve |68 shall not operate upon every stroke. Under these conditions enough clearance is maintained between the seal |12 and the base |58 normally to prevent contact therebetween.

When. however, it is desired to open the valve |68, the positionof the throttle screw 208 is varied so that the valve |68 is opened, and in this case, the plunger 2|6 is not effective to cause a pumping actuation of the Sylphon. The clearance between seal |12 and the upper end of the valve stem |32 may be such that unless the valve |22 is opened by the fuel pressure the seal |12 will engage the upper part of said stem to initiate opening of said valve. Thus where the injector is in a horizontal or inverted position to that shown in Figure 3, air venting is insured.

In the construction illustrated in Figure 4 a nozzle assembly 2|8 is illustrated which may be substituted for that shown in Figure 1. In this case the parts which are similar are similarly numbered, but the check valve housing 82 is omitted and a lter 220 is disposed on seat 222 disposed above the valve stem 12. The filter is provided with the spring seat 224 for the lower end of spring 90, and the spring seat 224 is provided with the aperture 226 extending therethrough. The upper end of the spring is seated as has already been described.

Nozzle assembly 2| 8 is provided with spring seat |08 (as in Figure 1) "fr" the lower end of spring |04, the upper end being seated as has already been described.

The operation of this form of nozzle as applied to the form illustrated in Figure 1 is similar to the nozze operation described with respect to Figure l with *he exception, however, that the check valve 84 is eliminated. With this form of device the use is more adapted to manifold infection as distinguished from direct cylinder injection, which is contemplated in the case of the device illustrated in Figure 1.

In the construction illustrated inv Figure 5 the casing 228 is secured as by threads 230 to the nozzle assembly 232 being sealed by the seal 234, the nozzle of assembly 232 being adapted particularly for manifold injection while the nozzle to be described with respect to lligure 6 is more particularly adapted for direct cylinder injection.

The nozzle assembly 232 is provided with the orifice 236 communicating with the chamber 238 and said nozzle is secured to the check valve housing 240 as by the threads 242. The check valve 244 is urged upwardly toward closed position by means of the spring 246 seated at its lower end on the fitting 248 and its upper end on the valve 244. The valve closes the bore or passage 249 communicating with the chamber 250 disposed in the casing 228. The inlet fitting 252 is secured to the boss 254 and communicates with a source of fuel supply. The fitting 252 is provided with the spring loaded checkvalve 256 closing towards the source of supply.

The chamber 250 is cylindrical and within the said chamber the hex housing 258 is reciprocably mounted, being provided with the flange 260 providing a spring seat for the upper end of the spring 262, the lower end of said spring seating on the nozzle assembly 232. The housing 256 is provided with the valve 264 adapted to control the outlet 266 provided in the upper end closure or block 268, the outlet 266 communicating through fitting 210 with the source of liquid supply or other liquid receiving means.

The closure 268 is maintained in tight engagement and in closing condition with respect to casing 228 by means of complementary shoulders 212, said shoulders being held in sealing contact by means of the lock nut 214. The closure 268 has threaded engagement as at 218 with the complementary threads of the throttle screw 218, the position of said screw being controlled by the lever 280 connected with suitable throttle means. The position of screw 218 determines the position of the slidable rod 282 extending through the closure 268 and engaging the seal 284 of the inner Sylphon or bellows 286, the upper end of said belows being sealed as at 288 to a suitable depending flange provided on the closure 268. The closure 268 is also provided with an outer depending flange to which the upper end of the outer Sylphon or bellows 290 is sealingly secured as at 292. The lower end of said Sylphon 290 is closed by means of the lower seal 294, a spring 296 being interposed between the seal 294 and the housing 240. The closure 268 is provided with the bore 298 in communication with the inside of the Sylphon 290, the bore 298 being in communication with the tting 300 connected through the pipe 302 to an actuating device 304 adapted to be connected to an adjacent cylinder 306.

The device 304 comprises the lower housing member 308 secured as at 3I0 to the upper housing member 3|2, the upper housing member being provided with the vent 3|4 and the adjusting screw 3 l 6 controlling the spring 3| 8 seated at one end on the adjusting screw and at the other end on the diaphragm 32 0. The lower housing member 308 is threaded into a cylinder 306 in the manner shown.

The diaphragm 320 is provided with the valve stem 322 having the valve 324 thereon adapted to close the valve seat 326 of the lower housing 308. The position of the diaphragm 320 may be adjusted by operation of the adjusting screw 3l6 controlling the spring 3l8 so that the valve 324 is normally unseated from the valve seat 326 in the absence of pressure in the cylinder 306. The chamber formed in the lower housing below the diaphragm 320 is connected through the fitting 328 to the pipe 302. It will, of course, be understood that the pipe 302 may be provided with a reservoir whereby liquid is maintained -within the bellows 290 and acted upon by the cylinder pressure from cylinder 306.

Thus operation of said cylinder introducing pressure to the lower housing 308 causes the pressure to be communicated to the'inside of the Sylphon 290, extending said Sylphon to causev liquid within the chamber 250 to be injected past the valve 244 and through the orice 236. Downward movement of the seal 294 may cause opening of the valve 264, or the device may be arranged so that said valve will not open unless the vthrottle screw 218 is operated to extend the seal 284 suiliciently to cause seal 294 to open said valve. When pressure is built up sufliciently in the chamber formed in the housing 308, the diaphragm 320 will cause the valve 324 to be closed and thereafter on the suction stroke the pressure within the Sylphon 290 will be reduced to permit theSylphon and the spring 296 to return the Sylphon to inoperative position where it is ready for the next cycle of operation.

If it is desired to use a construction similar to that shown in Figure 5 for direct injection as distinguished from manifold injection, nozzle assemblyr 232 may be replaced by the nozzle assembly 330 (Figure 6). Said assembly 330 is provided with threads 332 adapted to secure said assembly to the casing 228. The assembly is provided with a recess 334. Within the recess the valve seat 336 is disposed for the valve 338. Thus the recess protects the valve and valve seat from the flame front during the combustion stroke.

The valve 338 is similar to valve 66 (Figure 1),

the stem 340 being provided with the spring seat 342 upon which is seated the upper end o1' spring 344, the lower end thereof being seated on the seat 346. The assembly 330 is likewise provided with the check valveI housing 240 (see alsoFigure 5 secured thereto as by the threads 242, the spring pressed check valve 244 operating in a manner similar to that illustrated in Figure 5, it being understood that the fuel pressure causes opening on the valve 338.

In the construction illustrated in Figure .'7 a form of injector is shown utilizing a balanced diaphragm construction wherein substantially all stresses of the operating diaphragm are relieved. In this construction the casing 348 is provided with the nozzle valve assembly 350 secured thereto as by the threads 352, a suitable seal 354 being provided therebetween.

The nozzle assembly 350 comprises the orifice having valve seat 356 for the valve 358, said valve being similar to valve 66 (Figure 1). Valve 358 is provided with the stem 360 similar to the stem 12 and the upper end of the stem is provided with the spring seat 362 for the upper end of springV 364, the lower end of said spring being seated on seat 366 of assembly 350. 'I'he bore of assembly 350 provides a guide for the valve and communicates with the discharge chamber 368, and said assembly 350 is secured as at 310 to the check valve housing 312. Said check valve housing is provided with the spring loaded check valve 314 closing upwardly, tending to cut off connection between chamber 368 and housing chamber 316 provided in the casing 348. The chamber 316 is adapted to be supplied with fuel, or other liquid to be injected, through the check valve housing or fitting 318 connected to asuitable source of supply, a spring loaded check valve 380 seating toward said source. The upper end closure 382 is sealed on seat 384 of the casing 348 and held in sealed position by means of the end head 386 threaded or otherwise secured to the casing 348 as at 38,8.

The end head 386 is internally threaded as at 390 for the reception of complementary threads of the throttle screw 392, the throttle screw being reciprocated by means of the lever 394 secured thereto as at 396. The tappet 398 is adapted to reciprocate within the throttle screw 392, being actuated by suitable means such as a cam, movement of the-throttle screw causing movement of the aligning tab 400, the position of the aligning tab being allected by means of the throttle screw 392. The aligning tab 400 is adapted to reciprocate the plunger or rod 402 which is urged upwardly or towards said tab by means of the spring 404. The upper end of said spring seats on the spring seat formed by the head 406 and the lower end of the spring seats on a seat formed in the recess 408 in the upper part of the closure 382.

The closure 382 is provided with a guide and stop extension 4|0 extending downwardly, guiding rod 402 and forming a stop for the upward movement of the end seal 4l2 whch'seals the lower end of the bellows 4|4, the upper end of the bellows being sealed as at 4| 6 to the end closure 382. The inside of the bellows 4I4 communicates with the bore 4|8 which in turn communicates with the check valve -tting 420 connected to a source of pressure supply, such as oil pressure, in the case of an injector used with an internal combustion engine. The check valve fitting has a spring loaded check valve 422 seated towards the source of pressure. Thus it will be seen that a predetermined pressure is always ll maintained within the Sylphon by the oil or other pressure connected to fitting 420, while a similar pressure is impressed upon the outside of said Sylphon bythe fuel supplied from the source of supply through tting 818.

The bellows 4I4 and end seal 412 are urged upwardly by means of the spring 424 seated at its upper end on the seal 4I2 and at its lower end on the housing 312. The chamber 316 is cylindrical and within said cylindricalchamber there is mounted a hex housing 426 provided with -the iiange 428 adapted to be engaged by the seal 4|2 in its downward movement to move said housing 426 downwardly against the spring 430. The upper end of said spring 430 engages said housing 426 and the lower end of said'spring engages the assembly 350, whereby the spring urges the housing upwardly, the housing being provided with valve 432 adapted in its uppermost position to close the bore 434 communicating with tting 436 which is adapted to be connected to the source of liquid supply or other receiving means.

" In the construction shown reciprocation of the tappet 398 causes reciprocation of the pressure-producing plunger 402 which in downward movement causes a pressure increase within the Sylphon 4I4 to thereby extend said Sylphon to cause a measured amount of fuel to be supplied from chamber 316 through check valve housing 312 and past valve 358, spraying the fuel into the cylinder. Upward movement of the tappet 398 permits the spring 364 to'close valve 358 and permits spring 430 to move valve 432 to closed position. After elimination of vapor or circulation of liquid,the throttle may be so positioned, and the disposition of the other parts such,that the valve 432 will not be operated upon each stroke, but will be .operated only upon extreme position of the throttle.

' It will be seen that the liquid pressure within the diaphragm always balances the liquid pressure on the outside of the diaphragm so that substantially all stresses on the diaphragm are eliminated. Actuation of the device, however, will always be permitted and the device will never freeze by virtue of too much solid liquid being contained within the bellows (diaphragm), because the liquid will be displaced within the cylinder formed by the extension 4l0 when the plunger 402 moves upwardly within said extension, permitting the liquid to be displaced a sufcient amount to permit the seal 4I2 to move to its predetermined position.

In the constructions shown in Figures 7 and 8 wherein oil is disposed within the bellows, as the engine attains its heat during operation, the eiective viscosity of the oil decreases so that the quantity of `fuel injected decreases due to the The screws 444 are adapted to be reciprocated by means of the levers 446 extending through suitable openings 448 provided in said housings.

The throttle screws are provided with the tapl2 pets 450 mounted f or reciprocation on the throttle screws and being adapted to be operated by means of the cams 452 provided on suitable shafts 4'54. The tappets 450 are adapted to engage reciprocating aligning tabs 456 provided within the end closures 458 (Figure 8) and 460 (Figure l0). The casing is provided with the chambers 452 communicating through the bores 464 with chambers 466. said chambers 466 communicating through fittings 410 with the source of liquid supply or other receiving means. Valves 412 are adapted to close the seats 414, being urged towards seated position by means of springs 416, seated at one end on said valve and at the other end on adjusting screws 418.

The valves are provided with the valve stems 480 (similar in shape to the channel stem 12 Figure 1) extending through the bore 464 and being adapted to be engaged by the end seals 482 to open said valve. End seals 482 are urged away from said valve by means of springs 484 seated at one end on the seals and at the other end on seats 486 provided within the casings. `Seals 482 are sealed, at 488 to the Sylphons or bellows 490, the other end of said bellows being sealed at 492 to closures 458 and 460, respectively.

Check valve housings 494 communicate with chambers 462 and with a source of liquid supply, spring` pressed check valves 496 being seated towards said source of supply. Outlet check valve housings or fittings 498 communicate with chambers 462 and are provided with spring pressed check valves 500 seated toward chambers 462. Housings 498l are connected through pipes 502 either to the injection nozzle 504 (Figure 8) or the injection nozzle 506 (Figure 9).

The injection nozzle 504 comprises a connection 508 to the pipe 502, connecting means 5I0 being provided for connection to a cylinder or manifold, the valve 5I2 being disposed therein and being similar to valve 66, adapted to seat on the seat and oriiice 5l4 of the bushing 5|6 and said valve is provided with the The valve 5| 2 is valve stem 5|8 similar to the valvestem of valve 66. The valve is urged towards closed position by means of the spring 520 interposed between the bushing 5|6 and the seat 522 provided on said valve stem.

-Where the injection nozzle 506 is used. no valve is provided and such nozzle is particularly adapted for manifold injection. This nozzler is provided with connection means 524 to the pipe 502, and connecting means 526 for securing the nozzle to the manifold (or cylinder). The pipe 502 then is in direct communication with the orifice 528.

In the construction illustrated in Figure 8 the pump casing 438 is apertured as at530, andthe check valve housing or fitting 532 is connected as by threads 534 to the bore 536 which is in communication with the inside of the bellows 490. The spring pressed check valve 538 closes away from said bellows and the housing 532 is connected as through the pipe 540 to a suitable source of pressure supply, such as a lubricating system in an internal combustion engine, whereby liquid under pressure is always supplied internally of the bellows to balance the liquid pressure on the outside of said bellows. The displacement plunger 542 is mounted 'for reciprocation in the closure 458 and is provided with the spring seat 544 for one end of the spring 546, the other end of the spring being seated on the seat 548 provided in a recess in the closure 458. Thus the plunger is always urged towards the aligning tab 456 to follow the movement of the aligning tab, causing a displacement operation of the plunger 542 controlling actuation ofthe bellows.

In the construction illustrated in Figure the actuating rod 558 is adapted to be reciprocated by the aligning tab 456 and one end of said rod engages and reciprocates the closure 482.

In these mechanisms (Figures 8 and 10) rotation of the shafts 454 causes the tappets 458 to reciprocate the aligning tabs, causing reciprocation of the plunger 542 and the rod 558, reciprocating the bellows causing liquid to be supplied to the nozzle past the valves 588, liquid and vapor to be circulated being moved past valves 412.

In the case of the construction illustrated in Figure 8 the bellows is maintained in balanced condition in the same manner as described with respect to Figure 7.

In order to illustrate diagrammatically the operation of the injectors in conjunction with air introducing means into the cylinder of an internal combustion engine, a reference is had to Figure 11, it being understood that in all forms of the device suitableisecuring means is provided to secure the injectors to the associated cylinder. In the construction shown in Figure 11, the cylinder 552 is provided with the injector 554 suitably secured thereto and operated mechanically or as shown and described in application Serial Number 537,793, filed May 29,k 1944, now U. S. Patent No. 2,530,128, dated November ,14, 1950.

In the construction illustrated the injector 554 is controlled by operation of the rack 556 (similar to rack 2l4, Figure 3), said rack actuating gear 558 (similar to gear 2|2), the rack being connected to suitable throttle control means through the link 568. Fuel is supplied to the lnjector from the source of supply through the inlet 562 of the injector, fuel in excess of that injected being circulated from the outlet 564 of the injector back to the source, the fuel which is injected being pumped through the injection nozzle 566 in the manner described herein. The inlet valve 568 is provided for the cylinder 552 and operated in the usual manner (not shown), in this case the valve 568 being an air intake valve. Introduction of air is controlled through the butterfly valve 518 pivoted as at 512 in the inlet 514, the valve being provided with the xed lever 516 pivoted as at 518 tothe link 588. The link 588 is pivoted at 582 to one arm 584 of the bell crank 586, said bell crank being pivoted as at 588. The other arm 598 of the bell crank is pivoted as at 592 to the link 568 so that operation of the throttle control means simultaneously operates the injector and the air intake control valve 518 to cause a measured amount of air to be introduced to the cylinder, past the valve 568 with a proper timed relation to that of the injector.

Referring now to the construction illustrated in Figure l2, the air intake 584, similar to air intake 514 (Figure 11). is adapted to supply'air through a suitable air intake valve to a cylinder of an engine, the flow of air through the intake being controlled by valve 596 pivoted on shaft 598, a suitable stop (not shown) being provided from which the valve is opened in the direction of the arrow.

The shaft 596 is connected to one end of the rod 688, the opposite end of the rod being pivotzd as at 682. The rod is rotated in the direction of the arrow by depressing the accelerator 684, which is connected through the flexible member 686 to the rod 688 as at 688. Rack 6|8 is adapted to oe moved toward the left as viewed in said figure to control the increased injection from the 14 injector (not shown) the rack being urged toward throttle or low position by means of the spring 6 I2 connected to one end of said rack and fixed at its other end.

The opposite end of said rack is-adjustably connected to the flexible member 6|4 which extends over pulley 6|6 and is connected as at 6I8 to the rod 688.. The flexible member 6I4 extends through'the eye 628 of the adjusting rod 622, suitable mzans such asthe nut 624 being provided to move the rod 622 linearly to change the position of the flexible member 6|4, thereby moving the rack 6|8 to adjust its initial position, it being understood, of course, that when the engine is idling, the valve 596 is substantially closed.

It will thus be seen that depressing the accelerator 684 causes rotation of the rod 688 to open the valve 596and at the same time move the rack 6| 8 to increase the charge of fuel injected into the cylinder of the engine.

In the construction illustrated in Figure 13 th flexible member 626 (corresponding to member 6I4) is connected to operating means (not shown) such as. the rack 6I8. The flexible member 626 is connected to a suitable rotatable bar (not shown) such as the bar 688, vcontrolled by an accelerator which in turn controls the air intake control valve (not shown) similar to valve 586 for the air intake. The flexible member 626 extends through the eye 628 of the rod 638 adjustably threaded as at 632 to the closure 634 of one end of the Sylphon 636. The opposite end of the Sylphon 636 is fixed as to the panel 638 and the fitting 648 communicates with the inside of the Sylphon and is connected to either the oil pressure or the engine intake vacuum.

Where connected to the oil pressure, it will be seen that as the oil pressure builds up the oil pressureincreases with engine speed to the predetermimd pressure, the Sylphon 636 will be elongated, causing the flexible member 626 to slacken, which will move the operating rack, or other operating member a predetermined amount to decrease the charge of the injector, the rack being disposed to cause this function of the injector.

Where the fitting 648 is connected to the engine vacuum, as the engine speed increases the Sylphon will elongate toward normal position, causing the rod 638 to move the rack to decrease the charge of fuel to thereby lean the mixture of fuel and air. In this case it will be understood that the rack which controls the injector'is so disposed that movement of the rack toward the left, as viewed in Figure 13, increases the amount of the charge.

It is, of course, understood that a filter such as shown at 228 (Figure 4) may be used in conjunc tion with each of the other modifications and where a balanced diaphragm form of construction is used as in Figures 7 and 8 the Sylplion may be of any suitable material other than metal, such as hydrocarbon inhibited flexible material.

It is to be understood that I do not wish to be limited by the exact embodiments of the device shown, Which are merely by way of illustration and not limitation, as various and other forms of the dsvice will, of course,` be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the claims. I claim: l. A fuel injector comprising the combination of a pump casing having an elongated fuel receiving chamber, a sealed impeller reciprocable 'in said chamber, means for supplying fuel to said v chamber, an,outlet for dispensing fuel from said chamber means including another outlet at one end of said chamber and spaced from said first named outlet for expelling gases therefrom, and means actuated by said impeller for opening said last named outlet. .Y

2. In an injector, the combination of a'casing, a nozzle member provided on one end of said casing, a valve in said nozzle member resiliently urged toward closed position, a predetermined pressure in said nozzle member opening said valve, a valve adjacent said first named valve opening toward said .first named valve, an inlet valve adjacent said second valve opening into said casing, a closure for the end of said casingr remote from said nozzle member, an outlet from a member extending through said closure and movable toward and away from said seal to pulsate said bellows to cause a measured pumping action thereof, and means for varying the stroke of said last named member.

3. In an injector, the combination of a casing, a nozzle member provided on one end of said casing, a valve in said nozzle member resiliently urged toward closed position, a predetermined pressure in said nozzle member opening said valve, an inlet valve opening into said casing, a closure for the end of said casing remote from said nozzle member, an outlet from said casing adjacent the closure end, a valve controlling said outlet, resilient means urging said valve to closed position, abellows in said casing closed at one end by said closure and at the other end by a seal, resilient means urging said bellows toward said closure whereby no ingress can be had to the inside of said bellows by uid supplied by said inlet valve, a member extending through said closure and movable toward and away from said seal to pulsate said bellows to cause a measured pumping action thereof, and means for varying the stroke of said last named member.

4. In an injector, the combination of a casing, a nozzle member provided on one end of said casing, a valve in said nozzle member resiliently 16` tion with respect to said bore, said valve having a stem extending into said first named chamber,

an outlet from said second named chamber, an 1 outlet from said first named chamber having a spring pressed valve seating toward said chamber, a bellows disposed in said first named chamber sealed at one end by said closure and at the other by a seal, said seal being adapted to engage said stem when said bellows is elongated to open the valve of said stem, a. connection between the inside of said bellows and a source of pressure whereby the pressures inwardly and outwardly of said bellows are substantially equalized, a member, extending through said closure and into said bellows having the end spaced from the seal, reciprocation of said last named member pulsating said bellows, means for reciprocating said last named member, resilent means urging said last named member toward said last named means, and means for adjusting movement of said last named member. y

6. In an injectonthe combination of a casing having a chamber closed at one end by a closure, a chamber closed at one end and connected to said iirst named chamber by a bore, a valve in said second chamber urged toward closed position with respect to said bore, said valve having a stem extending into said first named chamber, an outlet from said second named chamber, an outlet from said rst named chamber having a spring pressed valve seating toward said chamber, said last named outlet being adapted to be connected to a nozzle, a bellows disposed in said urged toward closed position, a predetermined pressure in said nozzle member opening said valve, a valve adjacent said first named valve opening toward said first named valve, an inlet valve adjacent said second valve opening into said casing, a closure for the end of said casing remote from said nozzle member, an outlet from said vcasing adjacent the closure end, a valvecontrolling said outlet, a bellows in said casing adapted to control operation of said third named valve.

5. In an injector, the combination of a casing having a chamber closed at one end by a closure, a chamber closed at one end and connected to said first named chamber by a bore, a valve in said second chamber urged towar'd closed posifirst named chamber sealed at one end by said closure and at the other by a seal, said seal being adapted to engage said stem when said bellows is elongated to open the valve of said stem, a connection between the inside of said bellows and a source of pressure whereby the pressures inwardly andv outwardly of said bellows are substantially equalized, a member extending through said closure andinto said bellows having theend spaced from the seal, reciprocation of said last named member pulsating said bellows, means for reciprocating said last -named member, resilient means urging said last named memberV toward said last named means, and means for adjusting movement of said last named member, said nozzle comprising a Ahousing having a chamber therein, an -oriiice from'said chamber, and a spring pressed valve opening away from said orifice and controlled by pressure supplied thereto.

7. An injector comprising a casing, flexible means disposed in said casing whereby chambers are formed on each side thereof, said casing hav;- ing an outlet from one of said chambers, said casing having an inlet to the last named chamber, and means operable in the other chamber for reciprocating said flexible means for causing supply through said inlet and expulsion through said outlet, and means for supplying pressure to the second named chamber whereby a substantially balanced condition is obtained on each side of said vflexible means.

8. In a fuel injector, thev combination of a housing. an end closure for one end of said housing, an end head for securing said end closure to said housing, a closure for the other end of said housing having a fuel discharge duct therethrough, a check valve housing secured to said last named closure and forming a discharge chamber therewith, said last named closure and check valve housing forming a housing chamber in said housing with said first named end closure, a check valve in said check valve housing resiliently urged toward closed position and opening away from said housing chamber and toward said discharge chamber, a discharge valve in said second named closure resiliently urged toward closed position and opening outwardly of said discharge chamber for controlling flow through said duct from said discharge chamber, a flexible bellows in said housing chamber having one end sealed to said first named end closure and having the other end closed, a fuel inlet valve connected to said housing resiliently urged toward closed position and opening vtoward said housing chamber to admit fuel thereto, said first named end closure having a liquid inlet valve connected to the inside of said bellows for supplying liquid thereto, said liquid inlet valve being resiliently urged toward closed position and opening toward the inside of said bellows, an outlet having a passage communicating with said housing chamber externally of said bellows, a valve for controlling said last named outlet, a member slidable in said housing chamber and having said last named valve fixed thereto, resilient means between said last named member and said second named closure urging said last named valve to closed position, resilient means between said second named closure and the closed end of said bellows urging said closed end of said bellows away from said last named member, a predetermined movement of said closed end of said bellows causing said bellows to move said last named member and valve to open position, aplunger slidably mounted in said first named end closure and communieating with the inside of said bellows whereby reciprocatory movement of said plunger causes reciprocation of said bellows, resilient means urging said plunger away from the closed end of said bellows, means for reciprocating said plunger, and means movable in said end head for regulating the stroke of said plunger.

9. In a fuel injector, the combination of a housing, an end closure for o ne end of said housing, an end head for securing said end closure to said housing, an end closure for the othei end of said housing having a fuel discharge duct therethrough, a check valve housing secured in said housing and forming a discharge chamber with said last named closure, said first named housing having a housing chamber therein between said closures, a check valve in said check valve housingy resiliently urged toward closed position and opening away from said housing chamber and toward said discharge chamber, a discharge valve in said second named closure rebellows away from said second named end closure member, a predetermined movement of said l lows whereby reciprocatory movement of said.

plunger reciprocates said bellows, resilient means urging said plunger away from the closed end of said bellows, means for reciprocating said plunger, and means movable in said end head for regulating the stroke of said plunger.

10. In a fuel injector, the combination of a housing having a housing chamber, an end closure for one end of said housing, an end head for .securing said end closure to said housing, an end closure for the other end of said housing having a fuel discharge duct therethrough, and having a discharge chamber connecting said duct and housing chamber, a discharge valve in said second named closure resiliently urged toward' closed position and opening outwardly of said discharge chamber for controlling flow through said duct from ysaid discharge chamber, a flexible bellows in said housing chamber having one end sealed to said first named end closure and having the other end closed, a fuel inlet valve connected to said housing resiliently urged toward closed position and opening toward said housing chamber to admit fuel thereto, an outlet having a passage communicating with said housing chamber externally of said bellows, a valve for controlling said last named outlet, said valve opening toward said housing chamber, resilient means urging said last named valve to closed position, resilient means urging said closed end yof said bellows away from said discharge chamber, a predetermined movement of said closed end of said bellows causing said bellows to move said last named valve to open position, a plunger slid-l ably mounted in said rst named end closure and communicating with the inside of said bellows whereby reciprocatory movement of said plunger causes reciprocation of said bellows, means for reciprocating said plunger, and means movable in said end head for regulating the stroke of said plunger.

11. In a fuel injector, the combination of a housing having a housing chamber, an end closure for one end of said housing and housing chamber, said housing being closed at theother end thereof and having a fuel discharge duct therefrom, a valve for closing said discharge duct, said valve opening away from said housing chamsiliently urged toward closed position and Openber and being resiliently urged toward closed poing outwardly of said discharge chamber for controlling flow through said duct from said discharge chamber, a flexible bellows in said housing chamber having one end sealed to said first named end closure and having the other end closed, a fuel inlet valve connected to said housing resiliently urged toward closed position and opening toward said housing chamber to admit fuel thereto, said first named end closure having a liquid inlet valve connected to the inside of said bellows for supplying liquid thereto, said liquid inlet valve being resiliently urged toward closed position and opening toward the inside of said bellows, said first named end closure having,r

an outlet and passage connecting said outlet with 70 said housing chamber, a valve for controlling said last named outlet, said last named valve opening toward said housing chamber, resilient means urging said last named valve to closed position,

sition, a flexible bellows in said housing chamber having one end sealed to said first named end closure and having the other end closed, a fuel inlet valve connected to said housing resiliently urged toward closed position and opening toward said housing chamber to admit fuel thereto, said first named end closure having a liquid inlet valve connected to the inside of said bellows for supplying liquid thereto, said valve opening toward the inside of said bellows, an outlet connected through a passage with said housing chamber externally of said bellows, a Valve for controlling the passage of fuel from said housing chamber through said passage to said outlet, resilient means urging said last named valve to closed position, resilient means between said housing and the closed end of said bellows urging said closed end of said bellows away from said discharge duct, a predetermined movement of said resilient means urging said closed end Qi fd 'l-closedend of said bellows causingsaid bellows to move said last named valve to open position, a plunger slidably mounted in said end closure and communicating with the inside of said bellows regulating the stroke of said plunger.

12. In a fuel injector, the combination of a Ihousing having a housing chamber, an end closure for one end of said housing and housing chamber, said housing being closed at the other end thereof and having a fuel discharge duct therefrom, a valve for closing said discharge duct, said valve opening away from said housing chamber and being resiiiently urged toward closed position, a flexible bellows in said housing chamber having one end sealed to said first named end closure and having the other end closed, a fuel inlet valve connected to said housing resiiiently urged toward closed position and opening toward said housing chamber to admit fuel thereto, an

outlet connected through a passage with said housing chamber externally of said bellows, a valve for controlling the passage of fuel from said housing chamber through said passage to said outlet, resilient means urging said last named valve to closed position, resilient means between,

said housing and the closed end of said bellows urging said closed end of said bellows away from said discharge duct. a predetermined movement of said closed end of said bellows causing said sure for one end of said housing and housing chamber, said housing being closed at the othei end thereof and having a fuel discharge duct -therefrom, a valve for closing said discharge duct,

bellows to move said last named valve to open position, a plunger slidably mounted in said end closure and communicating with the inside of said bellows whereby reciprocatory movement of said plunger reciprocates said bellows, resilient means urgingrsaid plunger away from the closed end of said bellows, means for reciprocating said plunger, and means movable with respect to said housing for regulating the stroke of said plunger.

13. In a fuel injector, the combination of a housing having a housing chamber, an end closure for one end of said housing and housing chamber, Said housing being closed at the otherend thereof and having a fuel discharge ductv therefrom, a valve for closing said discharge duct,

i said valve opening away from said housing chamber and being resiiiently urged toward closed position, a flexible bellows in said housing chamber having one end sealed to said first named end closure and having the other end closed, a fuel inlet valve connected to said housing resiliently urged toward closed position and opening toward said housing chamber to admit fuel thereto, an outlet connected through a passage with said housing chamber externally of said bellows, a valve for controlling the passage of fuel from said housing chamber through said passage to said outlet, resilient means urging said last named valve to closed position, resilient means between said housing and the closed end of said'bellows urging said closed end of said bellows away from said discharge duct, a predetermined movement of said closed end of said bellows causing said bellows to move said last named valve to open position, a plunger movable in said end closure and communicating with the inside of said bellows whereby reciprocatory movement of said bel'- lows is regulated, means for reciprocating said bellows, and means movable with respect to said housing for regulating the movement of said plunger. I

14. In a fuel injector, the combination of a housing having a housing chamber, an end closaid valve opening away from said housing chamber and being resiiiently urged toward closed position,'a flexible member in said housing chamber secured to said housing, a fuel inlet valve connected to said housing resiiiently urged toward closed position and opening toward said housing chamber to admit fuel thereto, said first named end closure having a fluid inlet to the other side of said flexible member from the discharge duct for supplying liquid thereto, said valve opening toward the flexible member, an outlet connected through a passage with said housing chamber on the same side of said flexible member as said discharge duct, a valve for controlling the passage of fuel from said housing chamber through said passage to said outlet, resilient means urging said last named valve to closed position,l a predetermined movement of said closed end of said flexible member causing movement of said last named valve to open position, a plunger slidably mounted in said end closure and communicating with the side of said flexible member opposite to the side to which the fuel is supplied whereby reciprocatory movement of said plunger reciprocates said flexible member, means for reciprocating said flexible member, and means movable with respect to said housing for regulating the movement of said plunger. n

' l5. In a fuel injector, the combination. of a housing having a housing chamber, an end closure for one end of said housing and housing chamber, said housing being closed at the other end thereof and having a fuel discharge duct therefrom, a valve for closing said discharge duct,

' said valve opening away from said housing chamber and being resiiiently urged toward closed position, a flexible member in said housing chamber secured to said housing, a fuel inlet valve connected to said housing resiiiently urged toward closed position and opening toward said housing chamber to admit fuel thereto, said first named end closure having a fluid inlet to the other side of said flexible member from the discharge duct for supplying liquid' thereto, said valve opening toward the flexible member, an outlet connected through a passage with said housingchamber on the same side of said exible member as said discharge duct, a valve for controlling the passage of fuel from said housing chamber through said passage to said outlet, resilient means urging said last named valve to closed position, a vpredetermined movement of said closed end of said flexible member causingr movement of said last named valve to open position, a plunger slidably mounted in said end closure and communicating with the side of said flexible member opposite to the side to which the fuel is supplied whereby reciprocatory movement of said plunger reciprocates said flexible member, resilient means urging said plunger away from said flexible member, means for reciprocating said plunger, and means movable with respect to said housing for regulating the stroke of said plunger.

16. In a fuel injector, the combination of a housing having a housing chamber, an end closure for one end of said housing and housing chamber, said housing being closed at the other end thereof and having a discharge duct therefrom, a valve for closing said discharge duct, said valve Opening away from said housing chamber 21 and being resiliently urged toward closed position, a flexible bellows in said housing chamber having one end sealed to said iirst named end closure and having the other end closed, a fuel inlet valve connected to said housing resiliently urged toward closed position and opening toward said housing chamber to admit fuel thereto, said ilrst named end closure having av fluid inlet valve connected to the inside of said bellows for supplying liquid thereto, said valve opening toward the inside of said bellows, an outlet connected to a passage communicating with saidhousing chamber adjacent said discharge duct, a valve for controlling said last named outlet, a valve stem on said last named valve projecting into said housing chamber, resilient means urging said last named valve to closed position, resilient means urging said closed end of said bellows away from said last named valve, a predetermined movement of said closed end of said bellows causing said bellows to move said valve stem to move said last named valve to open position, a plunger slidably mounted in said end closure and communicating with the inside of said bellows whereby reciprocatory movement of said plunger reciprocates said bellows, resilient means urging said plunger away from the closed end of said bellows, means for reciprocating said plunger, and means movable in said first named closure for regulating the stroke of said plunger.

17. In a fuel injector, the combination of a housing having a housing chamber, an end closure for one end of said housing and housing chamber, said housing being closed at the other end thereof and having a discharge duct therel from, a valve for closing said discharge duct, said valve opening away from said housing chamber and being resiliently urged toward closed position, a flexible bellows in said housing chamber having one end sealed to said first named end closure and having the other end closed, a fuel inlet valve connected Ato said housing resiliently urged toward closed position and opening toward said housing chamber to admit fuel thereto, resilient means urging said closed end of said bellows away from said last named valve, a predetermined movement of said closed end of said bellows causing said bellows to move to open said iirst named valve, a plunger slidably mounted in said end closure and communieating with the inside of said bellows whereby reciprocatory movement of said plunger reciprocates said bellows, resilient means urging said plunger away from the closed end of said bellows, means for reciprocating said plunger, and means movable in said first named closure for regulating the stroke of said plunger.

18. In a fuel injector, the combination of a housing having an end closure at one end of said housing, said housing having a closure for the other end of said housing and having a discharge duct therethrough, a check valve housing secured in said iirst named housing and forming a discharge chamber with said last named closure, said first named housing having a housing chamber disposed between said check valve housing and said first named end closure, a check valve in said check valve housing resiliently urged toward closed position and opening away from said housing chamber and toward said discharge chamber, a discharge valve in said second named closure resiliently urged toward closed position and opening outwardly of said discharge chamber for controlling flow through said duct from said discharge chamber, a flexible bellows in said housing chamber having one end. sealed to said lrst named end closure and having the other end closed, an inlet valve connected to said housing and opening toward said housing chamber to admit fuel thereto, said valve being resiliently urged toward closed position, an outlet connected to a passage communicating with said housing chamber, a valve for controlling said last named outlet, resilient means urging said last named valve to closed position, resilient means between said rst named housing and the closed end of said bellows urging said closed end of said bellows toward position to permit said last named valve to close, a predetermined movement of said closed end of said bellows causing said bellows to move to position to open said last named valve, a plunger slidably mounted in said end closure and communicating with the inside of said bellows whereby reciprocatory movement of said plunger reciprocates said bellows, means for reciprocating said plunger, and means movable in said iirst named closure for regulating the stroke of said plunger.

19. In a fuel injector, the combination of a housing having an end closure at one end of said housing, said housing having a closure for the other end of said housing and having a discharge duct therethrough, said rst named housing having a housing chamber communicating with said duct, a flexible bellows in said housing chamber having one end sealed to said first named end closure and having the other end closed, an inlet valve connected to Said housing and opening toward said housing chamber to admit fuel thereto, said valve being resiliently urged toward closed position, an outlet connected to a passage communicating with said housing chamber, a valve for controlling said last named outlet, resilient means urging said last named valve to closed position, resilient means urging said closed end of said bellows to position to permit said last named valve to close, a predetermined movement of said closed end of said bellows causing said bellows to move to position to open said valve, a plunger slidably mounted in said end closure and communicating with the inside of said bellows whereby reciprocatory movement of said plunger reciprocates said bellows, means for reciprocating said plunger, and means movable in said first named closure for regulating the stroke of said plunger.

20. In a fuel injector, the combination of a housing having an end closure at one end of said housing, said housing having a closure for the other end of said housing having a discharge duct therethrough, said housing having a housing chamber communicating with said duct, a discharge valve in said second named closure resiliently urged toward closed position and opening outwardly of said discharge chamber for controlling ow through said duct from said discharge chamber, a iiexible bellows in said housing chamber having one end sealed to said rst named end closure and having the other end closed, an inlet valve connected to said housing and opening toward said housing chamber to admit fuel thereto, said valve being resiliently urged toward closed position, an outlet connected to a passage communicating with said housing chamber, a valve for controlling said last named outlet, resilient means urging said last named valve to closed position, resilient means urging said closed end of said bellows to position to permit said last named valve to close, a predetermined movement of said closed end of said bellows causing said bellows to move to open said last named valve, means for reciprocating said bellows, and means movable in said rst named closure for regulating the stroke l of said bellows.

21. In a fuel injector, the combination of a housing having an end closure at one end of said housing, said housing having a closure for the other end of said housing having a discharge duct therethrough, a flexible member secured in said housing and having one surface defining a housing chamber in said housing, said housing chamber communicating with said duct, a discharge valve in said second named closure resiliently urged toward closed position and opening outwardly of said housing for controlling ow through said duct from said housing chamber, an inlet valve connected to said housing and opening toward said housing chamber to admit fuel thereto and to said surface of said ilexible member, said valve being resiliently urged toward closed position, an outlet connected to a passage communieating with said housing chamber, means disposed at the other surface of said exible member for reciprocating said flexible member rcausing reciprocations of said exible member with respect to said duct, and means movable to regulate the stroke of said last named means.

WTLLIAM H. MASHINTER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the me of this patent:

Number UNITED STATES vPATENTS Name Date Leroy May 15, 1923 Larkin Oct. 28, 1924 Metcalf Mar. 16, 1926 Dorsey Apr. 5, 1927 Nixon Nov. 22, 1927 Salisbury Apr. 5, 1932 Lang Oct. 25, 1932 Ritz Jan. 23, 1934 Scott Oct. 9, 1934 Fielden Nov. 27, 1934 y Junkers Sept. 3, 1935 Eek Oct.A 1, 1935 Babitch Oct. 22, 1935 Edwards Mar. 24, 1936 Scott July 7, 1936 Goode et al Aug. 24, 1937 Boyd Feb. 1, 193s Dillstrom Feb. 21, 1939 Mennesson Mar. 7, 1939 Fields Nov. 21, 1939 Rymal Feb. 27, 1940 Purdy et al. Mar. 5, 1940 Alden Sept. 17, 1940 Buttle` Nov. 12, 1940 Evans Oct. 20, 1942

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