US2558555A - Casting layer of apparatus for the manufacture of photographic film supports - Google Patents
Casting layer of apparatus for the manufacture of photographic film supports Download PDFInfo
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- US2558555A US2558555A US12182449A US2558555A US 2558555 A US2558555 A US 2558555A US 12182449 A US12182449 A US 12182449A US 2558555 A US2558555 A US 2558555A
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- casting
- cellulose
- casting layer
- film
- layer
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- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims description 64
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical class [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 14
- AIJULSRZWUXGPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylglyoxal Chemical class CC(=O)C=O AIJULSRZWUXGPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)O LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940116333 ethyl lactate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 2
- SZIFAVKTNFCBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroethanol Chemical compound OCCCl SZIFAVKTNFCBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000905957 Channa melasoma Species 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 ester compound Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001473 noxious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/24—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of indefinite length
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31971—Of carbohydrate
Definitions
- a support of preferably a drumor band casting machine to which support is applied a casting layer consisting of cellulose derivatives.
- Films and sheets usually are manufactured by spreading the film-forming solution upon a rotating drum, or moving endless band, of a casting machine. At first, the film-forming solution was directly spread upon a high-glossmetal surface. The smooth metal surface, however, is easily attacked whereby the film is more difficultly detached from the damaged places, which gives rise to matte surfaces. The support then must be repolished which is rather expensive. Moreover, when detaching the film from the metal surface, electrostatic charges easily arise, which for inflammable solvents increases the risk of fire.
- the metal surface of the drum, respectively of the band has been coated with a so-called casting layer which, when damaged or worn, easily may 7 be removed.
- casting layer is gelatine.
- Such as casting layer has the disadvantage of quickly becoming brittle by the incessant contact with the organic solvents of the film-forming solutions and consequently must be renewed frequently.
- casting layers which consist of other cellulose derivatives, for instance cellulose ethers insoluble in the solvents used for the film to be cast.
- hydrophobic cellulose esters which contain radicals of fatty acids with more than 10 carbon atoms.
- Still another object of my invention is to obtain perfect high-gloss films used as support for photographic emulsions.
- a particular object of my invention is to render the casting layer indifferent to a much larger number of organic solvents used in the preparation of dopes for the casting of photographic films.
- My invention resides in the discovery that from partially hydrolysed cellulose aceto-formate, having an acetyl content of between 14.4% and 32% and a formyl content of between 3% and 15% as further described, casting layers may be coated on drumand band casting machines, possessing a perfect high gloss and being indifferent to most organic solvent so that filmforming dopes of various compositions may be cast on it, leaving, without difficulties, film with a perfect high gloss.
- the accompanying drawing is a diagrammatic representation of the cellulose aceto-formates which may be used as casting layers in accordance with the invention.
- the left hand border of the diagram represents pure cellulose acetate with different percentages of esterification.
- the right hand border of the diagram represents pure cellulose formate with different percentages of esterification.
- the line connecting 44.8% acetyl with 35% formyl represents all fully esterified mixed cellulose acetoformates.
- the region above represents all possible not fully esterified cellulose aceto-formates.
- the area A B C D represents the partially esterified cellulose aceto-formates which may be used as a casting layer according to my present invention:
- the casting layer thus obtained possesses a good high gloss and is very stable and indifferent to the usual organic solvents wherein the film-forming substances are dissolved so that the cast film is readily detached from the casting layer.
- Example 1 A cellulose aceto-formate, having an acetyl content by weight of the total mixed cellulose ester of 22.6% and a formyl content of 9% (point I of the accompanying drawing) is dissolved in a mixture of acetone, Water and dioxane, in a volume-proportion of 40:20:40, respectively.
- this solution is coated on an endless band.
- the casting layer dries up quite glossy and is ready for use.
- a film-forming solution consisting of cellulose diaoetate dissolved in acetone. After evaporation of the greater part of the solvent, the film is readily detached from this casting layer.
- Example 2 A cellulose aceto-formate, having an acetyl content by Weight of the total mixed cellulose ester of 17.3% and a formyl content of 8.3% (point II of the accompanying drawing), is dissolved in a mixture of acetone, water, dioxane and ethyl lactate, respectively in a volume-proportion of 30:20:40z10. In the known manner, this solution is coated on an endless band. On this high-gloss casting layer is cast a film-forming solution, consisting of cellulose aceto-butyrate dissolved in a mixture of dichloromethane and ethanol in a volume-proportion of 90:10. After partly drying, the cellulose aceto-butyrate film is quite easily detached from the casting layer. The film possesses a high gloss.
- Example 3 A cellulose aceto-formate, having an acetyl content by weight of the total mixed cellulose ester of 19% and a formyl content of 4.5% (point III of the accompanying drawing); is dissolved in a mixture of acetone, water, dioxane and chloro-hydroxy-2-ethane, in a volume-proportion of 30:20:40:10.
- a casting layer is made of this solution on an endless metal band. After drying, the casting layer shows a strong high gloss.
- a cellulose nitrate support the solvent of which consists of a mixture of ethanol and ether in a volume-proportion of 1:1.5.
- the cellulose nitrate film support after evaporation of the greater part of the solvent is quite easily detached with high gloss from the cellulose acetoformate casting layer.
- Example 4 A cellulose aceto-formate, having an acetyl content by weight of the total mixed cellulose ester of 27.5% and a formyl content of 5.5% (point IV of the accompanying drawing) is dissolved in a mixture of acetone, Water, and dioxane, respectively in a volume-proportion of 45:15:40. In the known manner, this solution is coated as casting layer on an endless band. After drying, this casting layer shows a perfect high gloss. Next, a film-forming solution consisting of cellulose aceto-propionate dissolved in a mixture of dichloromethane and methanol in a volume-proportion of 90:10 is coated thereon. 'After evaporation of the greater part of the solvent, the high-gloss aceto-propionat film is readily detached from the casting layer.
- Example 5 A cellulose aceto -formate, having an acetyl content by weight of the total mixed cellulose ester of 18.5% and a formyl content of 13.0% (point V of the accompanying drawing), is dissolved in a mixture of acetone, water, butanone and dioxane, in a volume proportion of 40:15:10z35, respectively. In the known manner, this solution is coated on a metal casting drum. After drying, a film-forming layer, consisting of ethyl cellulose dissolved in a mixture of dichloromethane and ethanol in a volume-proportion of 90:10, respectively, is cast on the casting layer thus obtained. After sufiiciently drying, the high-gloss ethyl cellulose film is easily detached from the casting layer.
- the film-forming solu tions among others may consist of cellulose esters, cellulose ethers, polyvinyl compounds or synthetic rubber compounds which may be dissolved in the -most difierent solvents.
- the cellulose aceto-formate casting layer may be used equally well in processes wherein the solvent of the filmforming layer is evaporated off as in processes wherein the coated film-forming layer is conducted through a precipitating bath.
- a machine for casting of photographic film supports including means providing a casting surface, a casting layer coated on said surface consisting substantially of a cellulose acetoformate having an acetyl content by weight between 14.4% and 32% and a formyl content by weight between 3% and 15% on the total weight of the said cellulose aceto-formate, the total amount of the combined acetyl-formyl content being not more than about of that of fullyesterified cellulose.
- a machine for casting of photographic film supports including means providing a casting surface, a casting layer coated on said surface consisting substantially of a partially esterified cellulose aceto-formate having an acetyl content by weight of about 22.6% and a formyl content by weight of about 9% on the total weight of the said cellulose aceto-formate.
- a machine for casting of photographic film supports including means providing a casting surface, a casting layer coated on said surface consisting substantially of a partially esterified cellulose aceto-formate having an acetyl content by weight of about 19% and a formyl content by weight of about 4.5% on the total weight of the said cellulose aceto-formate.
- a casting layer coated on said surface consisting substantially of a partially esterifled cellulose aceto-formate having an acetyl content by weight of about 16.5% and a formyl content by weight of about 13.0% on the total weight of the said cellulose aceto-iormate.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
Description
FACTURE June 26, 1951 s. P. HENDRICX CASTING LAYER OF APPARATUS FOR THE MANU OF PHOTOGRAPHIC FILM SUPPORTS Filed Oct. 17, 1949 l :2. A: t. kw
a w. v
III/v ezviroz n eifi L cx Patented June 26, 1951 CASTING MANUFACTURE surron'rs Serge P. Hendricx,
signor to Gevaert Photo sel, Belgium, a Belgian company Application In the My invention relates to a support of preferably a drumor band casting machine, to which support is applied a casting layer consisting of cellulose derivatives.
Films and sheets usually are manufactured by spreading the film-forming solution upon a rotating drum, or moving endless band, of a casting machine. At first, the film-forming solution was directly spread upon a high-glossmetal surface. The smooth metal surface, however, is easily attacked whereby the film is more difficultly detached from the damaged places, which gives rise to matte surfaces. The support then must be repolished which is rather expensive. Moreover, when detaching the film from the metal surface, electrostatic charges easily arise, which for inflammable solvents increases the risk of fire.
In order to eliminate these disadvantages, the metal surface of the drum, respectively of the band, has been coated with a so-called casting layer which, when damaged or worn, easily may 7 be removed.
Many substances have been proposed for that purpose. One of the oldest means used as the casting layer is gelatine. Such as casting layer, however, has the disadvantage of quickly becoming brittle by the incessant contact with the organic solvents of the film-forming solutions and consequently must be renewed frequently.
It is further known that, when casting films from special cellulose derivatives, casting layers are used which consist of other cellulose derivatives, for instance cellulose ethers insoluble in the solvents used for the film to be cast.
It is also known to use in casting layers hydrophobic cellulose esters which contain radicals of fatty acids with more than 10 carbon atoms.
These casting layers, however, are never quite indifferent to the solvents used, but swell therein to some degree whereby the film in most cases is not readily detached from the casting layer.
It has further been proposed to use as a casting layer ethers of polysaccharides with glycolic acid and/or homologues of this acid and/or functional derivatives thereof. They had, however, the disadvantage that one was confined to special solvents for the substances from which the casting layer is coated.
In order to render the casting layer indifferent to the solvents, a casting layer consisting of cellulose esters was superficially saponified after being applied to the drum or band of the casting machine. This method had the disadvantage that after drying the superficial saponification and the further washing of the casting LAYER OF APPARATUS FOR THE OF PHOTOGRAPHIC FILM Mortsel-Antwerp, Belgium, as-
-Producten N. V., Mort- October 17, 1949, Serial No. 121,824 Netherlands October 30, 1948 4 Claims. (Cl. 1847) layer took much time and trouble. Moreover,
since the casting layer does not consist of a homogeneous substance, unexpected difficulties ar1se.
It is an object of my invention to cover the drum or band of a casting machine for the manufacture of photographic film supports with a casting layer of a special cellulose mixed ester compound.
It is another object of my invention to provide high-gloss casting layers from which the filmforming substances are easily detached.
Still another object of my invention is to obtain perfect high-gloss films used as support for photographic emulsions.
A particular object of my invention is to render the casting layer indifferent to a much larger number of organic solvents used in the preparation of dopes for the casting of photographic films.
Other objects will appear from the following description.
The above objects are accomplished according to the present invention by using as a casting layer on drums and bands of casting machines well-defined mixed cellulose esters, namely cellulose aceto-formate saponified to a suitable extent and containing acetyl and formyl groups in a well defined relation.
My invention resides in the discovery that from partially hydrolysed cellulose aceto-formate, having an acetyl content of between 14.4% and 32% and a formyl content of between 3% and 15% as further described, casting layers may be coated on drumand band casting machines, possessing a perfect high gloss and being indifferent to most organic solvent so that filmforming dopes of various compositions may be cast on it, leaving, without difficulties, film with a perfect high gloss.
The accompanying drawing is a diagrammatic representation of the cellulose aceto-formates which may be used as casting layers in accordance with the invention.
The left hand border of the diagram represents pure cellulose acetate with different percentages of esterification. The right hand border of the diagram represents pure cellulose formate with different percentages of esterification. The line connecting 44.8% acetyl with 35% formyl represents all fully esterified mixed cellulose acetoformates. The region above represents all possible not fully esterified cellulose aceto-formates. The area A B C D represents the partially esterified cellulose aceto-formates which may be used as a casting layer according to my present invention:
These cellulose aceto-formates, esterified up to 1 about 80% with an acetyl content of 14.-4--32% and a formyl content of 345%, further ofier the great advantage of dissolving quite well in aqueous mixtures of several organic solvents as for instance acetone, dioxane, ethyl lactate, ethylenechlorohydrine and the like. They provide a clear dope and may readily be coated. l'he proportion of the several ingredients in the solvents may thus be chosen that no noxious influence of the water present is observed while drying.
The casting layer thus obtained possesses a good high gloss and is very stable and indifferent to the usual organic solvents wherein the film-forming substances are dissolved so that the cast film is readily detached from the casting layer.
Example 1.--A cellulose aceto-formate, having an acetyl content by weight of the total mixed cellulose ester of 22.6% and a formyl content of 9% (point I of the accompanying drawing) is dissolved in a mixture of acetone, Water and dioxane, in a volume-proportion of 40:20:40, respectively. In the known manner, this solution is coated on an endless band. The casting layer dries up quite glossy and is ready for use. On this casting layer is coated a film-forming solution, consisting of cellulose diaoetate dissolved in acetone. After evaporation of the greater part of the solvent, the film is readily detached from this casting layer.
Example 2.A cellulose aceto-formate, having an acetyl content by Weight of the total mixed cellulose ester of 17.3% and a formyl content of 8.3% (point II of the accompanying drawing), is dissolved in a mixture of acetone, water, dioxane and ethyl lactate, respectively in a volume-proportion of 30:20:40z10. In the known manner, this solution is coated on an endless band. On this high-gloss casting layer is cast a film-forming solution, consisting of cellulose aceto-butyrate dissolved in a mixture of dichloromethane and ethanol in a volume-proportion of 90:10. After partly drying, the cellulose aceto-butyrate film is quite easily detached from the casting layer. The film possesses a high gloss.
Example 3.A cellulose aceto-formate, having an acetyl content by weight of the total mixed cellulose ester of 19% and a formyl content of 4.5% (point III of the accompanying drawing); is dissolved in a mixture of acetone, water, dioxane and chloro-hydroxy-2-ethane, in a volume-proportion of 30:20:40:10. In the known manner, a casting layer is made of this solution on an endless metal band. After drying, the casting layer shows a strong high gloss. On this casting layer is coated a cellulose nitrate support the solvent of which consists of a mixture of ethanol and ether in a volume-proportion of 1:1.5. The cellulose nitrate film support, after evaporation of the greater part of the solvent is quite easily detached with high gloss from the cellulose acetoformate casting layer.
Example 4.--A cellulose aceto-formate, having an acetyl content by weight of the total mixed cellulose ester of 27.5% and a formyl content of 5.5% (point IV of the accompanying drawing) is dissolved in a mixture of acetone, Water, and dioxane, respectively in a volume-proportion of 45:15:40. In the known manner, this solution is coated as casting layer on an endless band. After drying, this casting layer shows a perfect high gloss. Next, a film-forming solution consisting of cellulose aceto-propionate dissolved in a mixture of dichloromethane and methanol in a volume-proportion of 90:10 is coated thereon. 'After evaporation of the greater part of the solvent, the high-gloss aceto-propionat film is readily detached from the casting layer.
Example 5.A cellulose aceto -formate, having an acetyl content by weight of the total mixed cellulose ester of 18.5% and a formyl content of 13.0% (point V of the accompanying drawing), is dissolved in a mixture of acetone, water, butanone and dioxane, in a volume proportion of 40:15:10z35, respectively. In the known manner, this solution is coated on a metal casting drum. After drying, a film-forming layer, consisting of ethyl cellulose dissolved in a mixture of dichloromethane and ethanol in a volume-proportion of 90:10, respectively, is cast on the casting layer thus obtained. After sufiiciently drying, the high-gloss ethyl cellulose film is easily detached from the casting layer.
The above examples only serve to illustrate the invention which, for instance with respect to the'choice of the used solvents for the cellulose aceto-formate or the nature and the composition of the film-forming solutions, by no means is limited thereto. Thus, the film-forming solu tions among others may consist of cellulose esters, cellulose ethers, polyvinyl compounds or synthetic rubber compounds which may be dissolved in the -most difierent solvents. The cellulose aceto-formate casting layer may be used equally well in processes wherein the solvent of the filmforming layer is evaporated off as in processes wherein the coated film-forming layer is conducted through a precipitating bath.
I claim:
1. In a machine for casting of photographic film supports including means providing a casting surface, a casting layer coated on said surface consisting substantially of a cellulose acetoformate having an acetyl content by weight between 14.4% and 32% and a formyl content by weight between 3% and 15% on the total weight of the said cellulose aceto-formate, the total amount of the combined acetyl-formyl content being not more than about of that of fullyesterified cellulose.
2. In a machine for casting of photographic film supports including means providing a casting surface, a casting layer coated on said surface consisting substantially of a partially esterified cellulose aceto-formate having an acetyl content by weight of about 22.6% and a formyl content by weight of about 9% on the total weight of the said cellulose aceto-formate.
3. In a machine for casting of photographic film supports including means providing a casting surface, a casting layer coated on said surface consisting substantially of a partially esterified cellulose aceto-formate having an acetyl content by weight of about 19% and a formyl content by weight of about 4.5% on the total weight of the said cellulose aceto-formate.
4. In a machine for casting of photographic film supports including means providing a casting surface, a casting layer coated on said surface consisting substantially of a partially esterifled cellulose aceto-formate having an acetyl content by weight of about 16.5% and a formyl content by weight of about 13.0% on the total weight of the said cellulose aceto-iormate.
SERGE P. I-IENDRICX.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Seymour et a1. Nov. 21, 1944 Number
Claims (1)
1. IN A MACHINE FOR CASTING OF PHOTOGRAPHIC FILM SUPPORTS INCLUDING MEANS PROVIDING A CASTING SURFACE, A CASTING LAYER COATED ON SAID SURFACE CONSISTING SUBSTANTIALLY OF A CELLULOSE ACETOFORMATE HAVING AN ACETYL CONTENT BY WEIGHT BETWEEN 14.4% AND 32% AND A FORMYL CONTENT BY WEIGHT BETWEEN 3% AND 15% ON THE TOTAL WEIGHT OF THE SAID CELLULOSE ACETO-FRORMATE, THE TOTAL AMOUNT OF THE COMBINED ACETYL-FORMYL CONTENT BEING NOT MORE THAN ABOUT 80% OF THAT OF FULLYESTERIFIED CELLULOSE.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL2558555X | 1948-10-30 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2558555A true US2558555A (en) | 1951-06-26 |
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ID=19874740
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US12182449 Expired - Lifetime US2558555A (en) | 1948-10-30 | 1949-10-17 | Casting layer of apparatus for the manufacture of photographic film supports |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2558555A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2716077A (en) * | 1942-09-09 | 1955-08-23 | Gevaert Photo Prod Nv | Process of producing material for use in the casting of photographic film support |
| DE1075527B (en) * | 1960-02-18 | Wean Equipment Corporation, Euclid, Ohio (V. St. A.) | Device for unwinding tape | |
| US11311097B2 (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2022-04-26 | Tamiko Soverall | Oil dispensing hair brush |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2363091A (en) * | 1942-04-23 | 1944-11-21 | Celanese Corp | Preparation of cellulose esters |
-
1949
- 1949-10-17 US US12182449 patent/US2558555A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2363091A (en) * | 1942-04-23 | 1944-11-21 | Celanese Corp | Preparation of cellulose esters |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1075527B (en) * | 1960-02-18 | Wean Equipment Corporation, Euclid, Ohio (V. St. A.) | Device for unwinding tape | |
| US2716077A (en) * | 1942-09-09 | 1955-08-23 | Gevaert Photo Prod Nv | Process of producing material for use in the casting of photographic film support |
| US11311097B2 (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2022-04-26 | Tamiko Soverall | Oil dispensing hair brush |
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