US2550691A - Nongorrosive detergent - Google Patents
Nongorrosive detergent Download PDFInfo
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- US2550691A US2550691A US2550691DA US2550691A US 2550691 A US2550691 A US 2550691A US 2550691D A US2550691D A US 2550691DA US 2550691 A US2550691 A US 2550691A
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- sodium
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- detergent
- water
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- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940089918 ansaid Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- SYTBZMRGLBWNTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N flurbiprofen Chemical compound FC1=CC(C(C(O)=O)C)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 SYTBZMRGLBWNTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 6
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229940105329 carboxymethylcellulose Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229940001593 sodium carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011008 sodium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000031 sodium sesquicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000018341 sodium sesquicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019351 sodium silicates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- WCTAGTRAWPDFQO-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;hydrogen carbonate;carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].OC([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O WCTAGTRAWPDFQO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004691 decahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MQRJBSHKWOFOGF-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;carbonate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O MQRJBSHKWOFOGF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000887 hydrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011872 intimate mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004682 monohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 of a Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940071207 sesquicarbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940076133 sodium carbonate monohydrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000000037 vitreous enamel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/06—Phosphates, including polyphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/74—Carboxylates or sulfonates esters of polyoxyalkylene glycols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
- C11D3/0026—Low foaming or foam regulating compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/046—Salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/08—Silicates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/10—Carbonates ; Bicarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
- C11D3/124—Silicon containing, e.g. silica, silex, quartz or glass beads
- C11D3/1246—Silicates, e.g. diatomaceous earth
- C11D3/128—Aluminium silicates, e.g. zeolites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
- C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
- C11D3/225—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin etherified, e.g. CMC
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/38—Products with no well-defined composition, e.g. natural products
- C11D3/382—Vegetable products, e.g. soya meal, wood flour, sawdust
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/02—Inorganic compounds
- C11D7/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D7/10—Salts
- C11D7/12—Carbonates bicarbonates
Definitions
- condensation product of tall oil with ethylene oxide said, condensation products containing at least 0.5 part, but. less than. 2.3 parts; of ethylene:oxideper'partzoftali oil.
- condensation products containing at least 0.5 part, but. less than. 2.3 parts; of ethylene:oxideper'partzoftali oil.
- alkaline builders such as the sodiumphosphates, particularly tetrasodium pyrophosphate; soda? ash, starch, etc.
- the compositions so produced are highly efiicient detergents.
- compositions as above disclosed are employed in automatic laundry machinery, such. as household washing machines, constructed in whole or in part of aluminum or. of vitreous enameled steel,
- substantially com- 35" plete protection of such surfaces can be obtained by including in the detergent compositions from 6% to 25% by weight, based upon the combined weight of phosphates and carbonates of a-solublesodium silicate, wherein the Na2O:SiOz-mole ra- 4'0 ho is between, 1:2 to 113.2.
- the percentage of the silicate stated above is based upon the anhydrous form. Any water soluble formof sodium silicate maybe employed.
- the phosphates and carbonates in the composition maybe in the hy- 4'5 drated or anhydrous form; however; when in the hydrated form allowance shouldbe made for the. amountof water present order'to maintain the ingredients when dissolved in. water within the 'efiective :rangeror proportions disclosed and; .50.
- the percentage of sodium silicate is therefore based upon the anhydrous phosphates and carbonates present in the composition.
- Soluble silicates may be in solid form or they may V be employed in aqueous solutions, which solutions may contain up to-85%- of'water.
- the present composition also contains tetrasodium pyrophosphate or the sodium tripolyph'os phate, NaaPaOm, either in anhydrous or hydrated form; Perfumes such as- Citropene may be added if desired. i
- the constitution of the sodium silicates employed should be maintained within the limits stated so that the silicates will dissolve in the detergent solution at a rate sufficiently rapid so that they will be eiiective forcorrosion prevention: from the instant of solution: of thedetergent. They should, moreover, be employed in the amount stated above, since I' have found that quantities below the lower limit given are inei--- fective for the. purpose, while quantities above the upper limit. are undesirable, because of an adverse effect upon the detergent efficiencyoithe composition.
- EXAMPLE 1 A composition consisting of an intimate mixture of the following ingredients is prepared, the proportions being based on the anhydrous salts.
- compositions provide excellent detergency without noticeable action on vitreous enamel or aluminum washer baskets.
- the composition presented in Example 3 above may be formed by mixing the condensation product with the finely ground tetrasodium pyrophosphate and soda ash, then adding the liquid sodium silicate, followed by the remaining ingredients.
- the water contained in the silicate solution will hydrate the anhydrous salts forming hydrated salts.
- the quantity of water glass employed (24 parts), since it contains about 62% of water, will furnish sufficient water to hydrate the soda ash to the sodium carbonate monohydrate, and somewhat less than half of the tetrasodium pyrophosphate to the decahydrate.
- This composition therefore, contains 15 by Weight of water of hydration. Additional water may be added if desired in order to more completely hydrate thesalts.
- water When water is added to the composition either in the form of an aqueous silicate solution or as such, it may be added in amount sufficient to hydrate the tetrasodium pyrophosphate at least to an average of 3.5 moles of water, but not in excess of 10 moles of water per mole of tetrasodium pyrophosphate. A range of from 35 moles to 5 moles of water is preferred in practice.
- sodium tripolyphosphate is employed in the composition, from 3 to 6 moles of water may be employed, the lower limit (3 moles) per mole of sodium tripolyphosphate being preferred. Soda ash is advantageously hydrated to the monohydrate, whereas sodium sesquicarbonate is hydrated to 2 moles of water per mole of sesquicarbonate.
- the amount of sodium silicate employed should be from 6 to 25 parts per 20 to 60 parts of phosphate and 10 to 25 parts of the carbonate reckoned on theanhydrous basis. By employing these proportions excellent detergency is obtained without encountering corrosion of vitreous enameled or aluminum surfaces. Within these limits the product does not absorb excessive amounts of moisture from'humid air under conditions ordinarily encountered in the use of the detergent. The detergent remains free-flowing, exhibiting no tendency to cake due to the silicate present.
- Corrosion tests made by exposing weighed pieces of aluminum metal of the same area (49.9 sq. cm.) to,0.25% aqueous solutions of various detergent compositions at a temperature of F'., gave the following weight losses in duplicate tests. Each exposure was for 10 minutes and a total of 10 exposures were made before final weighing.
- the mixed material may be placed upon a moving belt in a layer several inches thick, which layer is then caused to be discharged upon another moving belt until such time as the hydration reaction has been completed and then into suitable storage receptacles. When this has occurred the material is a non-caking and free-flowing powder.
- a detergent composition comprising the following essential ingredients in parts by weight:
- composition containing in addition from 6% to 25% by weight, based on the combined weight of said phosphate material and said alkaline material, of a, sodium silicate having an NazO2SiOz ratio of from 1 :2 to 1 :32.
- a detergent composition comprising the following essential ingredients:
- a detergent composition comprising the following essential ingredients:
- Solid sodium silicate, Na2O:SiOz 1:2 15.00 Carboxy methyl cellulose 0.75
- a detergent composition comprising the following essential ingredients:
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Description
Patented May 1, 1951 UNITED STATES IEATENT OFFICE NONCO'RROSIVE DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS Jay C. Harris, Daytonpohio; assignor to Mon,
santo Chemi'calCompany, St. Louis, Mo., acorporation 01 Delaware No, Drawing. Application November 25; 1949, Serial No. 129,539
disclosed the condensation product of tall oil with ethylene oxide, said, condensation products containing at least 0.5 part, but. less than. 2.3 parts; of ethylene:oxideper'partzoftali oil. There is also disclosed in the same application a combination of the said condensation products with; 20
alkaline builders, such as the sodiumphosphates, particularly tetrasodium pyrophosphate; soda? ash, starch, etc. The compositions so produced are highly efiicient detergents.
I have now found that when such compositions as above disclosed are employed in automatic laundry machinery, such. as household washing machines, constructed in whole or in part of aluminum or. of vitreous enameled steel,,
the. surfaces of these devices in contact with 30 detergent solutions are etched or corroded so as to lead to an undesirable roug hening of the surfaces, so exposed, and in some cases to failure of' the vitreous coating.
I have also discovered that substantially com- 35" plete protection of such surfaces can be obtained by including in the detergent compositions from 6% to 25% by weight, based upon the combined weight of phosphates and carbonates of a-solublesodium silicate, wherein the Na2O:SiOz-mole ra- 4'0 ho is between, 1:2 to 113.2. The percentage of the silicate stated above is based upon the anhydrous form. Any water soluble formof sodium silicate maybe employed. The phosphates and carbonates in the composition maybe in the hy- 4'5 drated or anhydrous form; however; when in the hydrated form allowance shouldbe made for the. amountof water present order'to maintain the ingredients when dissolved in. water within the 'efiective :rangeror proportions disclosed and; .50.
7; Claims; (:01. 252440);
claimed. The percentage of sodium silicate is therefore based upon the anhydrous phosphates and carbonates present in the composition. Soluble silicates may be in solid form or they may V be employed in aqueous solutions, which solutions may contain up to-85%- of'water.
The present composition also contains tetrasodium pyrophosphate or the sodium tripolyph'os phate, NaaPaOm, either in anhydrous or hydrated form; Perfumes such as- Citropene may be added if desired. i
The constitution of the sodium silicates employed should be maintained within the limits stated so that the silicates will dissolve in the detergent solution at a rate sufficiently rapid so that they will be eiiective forcorrosion prevention: from the instant of solution: of thedetergent. They should, moreover, be employed in the amount stated above, since I' have found that quantities below the lower limit given are inei--- fective for the. purpose, while quantities above the upper limit. are undesirable, because of an adverse effect upon the detergent efficiencyoithe composition.
The preferred propcrtions of the ingredients in the present product, together with: the range of ingredients efiective for the present purpose, areas iollows, all parts being by weight:
Condensation product of tall oil with ethylene'oxide in the ratioof 0.5":2L3 per part of tall oil '10 -25- Tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, or mixtures thereof (an-- hydrous basis) 20-60' Sodium silicate, Na2O:SiOz ratio of 1:2' to 1:312 (anhydrous basis) Starch Alkaline material selected fromthe class consisting of sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and mixtures thereof (anhydrous'basis) 10-25 To the above product may bev added from 0.1-
to 5 parts of carboxy methyl cellulose:
For washing soiled textiles, the above composi-- tions are dissolved. in hot water. to give; prefer ably a 0.1% to 0.25%: by weight solution, al though other concentrations may also be em- Parts 3 The following more specific examples illustrate the invention:
EXAMPLE 1 A composition consisting of an intimate mixture of the following ingredients is prepared, the proportions being based on the anhydrous salts.
Parts Condensation product of one part of tall oil with 1.6 parts of ethylene oxide 15.00
. Tetrasodium pyrophosphate 40.00
Soda ash 20.25 Solid sodium silicate (G Silicate) Na2O:SiO2=1:2 24.00
Carboxy methyl cellulose 0.75
Total 100.00
EXAMPLE 2 Parts Condensation product of one part of tall oil with 1.8 parts of ethylene oxide 20 Sodium tripolyphosphate 40 Sodium carbonate 15 Sodium silicate (anhydrous) I NaaO:SiOz=1:3.2 1 Starch 14 Carboxy methyl cellulose 1 Total 100 EXAMPLE 3 Parts Condensation product of one part of tall I oil with 1.6 parts of ethylene oxide 15.00 Tetrasodium pyrophosphate (anhydrous basis) 40.00
Soda ash 20.15 Sodium silicate solution (water glass, 38%
solids, 62% water) Na2O:SiO2=1:3.2 24.00 Carboxy methyl cellulose 0.75 Perfume (Citropene) 0.10
' Total 100.00
The above compositions provide excellent detergency without noticeable action on vitreous enamel or aluminum washer baskets.
The composition presented in Example 3 above may be formed by mixing the condensation product with the finely ground tetrasodium pyrophosphate and soda ash, then adding the liquid sodium silicate, followed by the remaining ingredients. The water contained in the silicate solution .will hydrate the anhydrous salts forming hydrated salts. The quantity of water glass employed (24 parts), since it contains about 62% of water, will furnish sufficient water to hydrate the soda ash to the sodium carbonate monohydrate, and somewhat less than half of the tetrasodium pyrophosphate to the decahydrate. This composition, therefore, contains 15 by Weight of water of hydration. Additional water may be added if desired in order to more completely hydrate thesalts. By so hydrating the salts either partly or completely in the presence of the condensation product a better retention of the oily condensation product is obtained. is more fully described and claimed in copending application to Louis E. Wells and Henry V. Moss, Serial No. 92,954, filed May 12, 1949, which application is assigned to the same assignee as is the present case.
When water is added to the composition either in the form of an aqueous silicate solution or as such, it may be added in amount sufficient to hydrate the tetrasodium pyrophosphate at least to an average of 3.5 moles of water, but not in excess of 10 moles of water per mole of tetrasodium pyrophosphate. A range of from 35 moles to 5 moles of water is preferred in practice. When sodium tripolyphosphate is employed in the composition, from 3 to 6 moles of water may be employed, the lower limit (3 moles) per mole of sodium tripolyphosphate being preferred. Soda ash is advantageously hydrated to the monohydrate, whereas sodium sesquicarbonate is hydrated to 2 moles of water per mole of sesquicarbonate.
The order of addition It has been found that when an amount of water equivalent to 10 moles of water per mole of tetrasodium pyrophosphate is employed the initially formed product is quite damp. However, upon aging for several days at room temperature a satisfactory dry product is obtained.
The amount of sodium silicate employed should be from 6 to 25 parts per 20 to 60 parts of phosphate and 10 to 25 parts of the carbonate reckoned on theanhydrous basis. By employing these proportions excellent detergency is obtained without encountering corrosion of vitreous enameled or aluminum surfaces. Within these limits the product does not absorb excessive amounts of moisture from'humid air under conditions ordinarily encountered in the use of the detergent. The detergent remains free-flowing, exhibiting no tendency to cake due to the silicate present.
Corrosion tests made by exposing weighed pieces of aluminum metal of the same area (49.9 sq. cm.) to,0.25% aqueous solutions of various detergent compositions at a temperature of F'., gave the following weight losses in duplicate tests. Each exposure was for 10 minutes and a total of 10 exposures were made before final weighing.
GramsLoss in Product Tested Welght 1 0.0107 and 0.0112 2 0.0041 and 0.0047 3 0.0071 and 0.0006 0.0018 and 0.0015
Tall oil-ethylene oxide condensation product 'Ietrasodium pyrophosphate 40. 0
The hydration reaction taking place when aqueous sodium silicates are employed may evolve a considerable amount of heat, particularly when the freshly prepared composition is allowed tostand in large piles. product.
This results in a lump shallow piles or layers which are on the order of one foot in thickness. Alternatively the mixed material may be placed upon a moving belt in a layer several inches thick, which layer is then caused to be discharged upon another moving belt until such time as the hydration reaction has been completed and then into suitable storage receptacles. When this has occurred the material is a non-caking and free-flowing powder.
What I claim is:
1. A detergent composition comprising the following essential ingredients in parts by weight:
said composition containing in addition from 6% to 25% by weight, based on the combined weight of said phosphate material and said alkaline material, of a, sodium silicate having an NazO2SiOz ratio of from 1 :2 to 1 :32.
2. A detergent composition comprising the following essential ingredients:
Parts Condensation product of tall oil with ethylene oxide containing from 0.5 part to 2.3 parts of ethylene oxide per part of tall oil A sodium phosphate selected from the group consisting of Na4P2O7 and NasPaOw (anhydrous basis Sodium silicate NazOzSiOz ratio from 1:2 to 1:32 (anhydrous basis) Alkaline material selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and mixtures thereof (anhydrous basis) 10-25 3. A detergent composition comprising the following essential ingredients:
Parts Condensation product of one part of tall oil with 1.6 parts of ethylene oxide 20.00 Tetrasodium pyrophosphate 40.00 Soda ash 20.15
Solid sodium silicate, Na2O:SiOz=1:2 15.00 Carboxy methyl cellulose 0.75
5. A detergent composition comprising the following essential ingredients:
Parts Condensation product of one part of tall oil with 1.4 parts of ethylene oxide 20 Tetrasodium pyrophosphate (anhydrous basis) 40 Sodium sesquicarbonate (hydrated basis) 18 Sodium silicate (anhydrous) Na2O:SiO2=1:2 20 Carboxy methyl cellulose 2 6. The process which comprises dissolving in water a detergent product having a composition as defined by claim 1 to form a detergent solution and then washing textiles therewith, said washing process being conducted in the presence of vitreous enameled or aluminum surfaces, whereby corrosion of said surfaces normally occurring in the absence of the sodium silicate contained in said product is substantially prevented.
7. The process which comprises dissolving in water a detergent product having a composition as defined by claim 2 to form a detergent solution and then washing textile products therewith, said washing process being conducted in the presence of vitreous enameled or aluminum surfaces, whereby corrosion of said surfaces normally occurring in the absence of the sodium silicate contained in said product is substantially prevented.
JAY C. HARRIS.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Nuesslein Nov. 23, 1943 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Great Britain July 23, 1937 Great Britain Jan. 9, 1939 OTHER REFERENCES Number Number
Claims (1)
1. A DETERGENT COMPOSITION COMPRISING THE FOLLOWING ESSENTIAL INGREDIENTS IN PARTS BY WEIGHT; CONDENSATION PRODUCT OF TALL OIL WITH ETHYLPARTS OF ETHYLENE OXIDE PER PART OF TALL ENE OXIDE CONTAINING FROM 0.5 PART TO 2.3 A PHOSPHATE MATERIAL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF TETRASODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE AND SODIUM TRIPOLYPHOSPHATE ALKALINE MATERIAL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF SODIUM CARBONATE, SODIUM BICARBONATE AND MIXTURES THEREOF (ANSAID COMPOSITTION CONTAINING IN ADDITION FROM 6% TO 25% BY WEIGHT, BASED ON THE COMBINED WEIGHT OF SAID PHOSPHATE MATERIAL AND SAID ALKALINE MATERIAL, OF A SODIUM SILICATE HAVING AN
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2550691A true US2550691A (en) | 1951-05-01 |
Family
ID=3437901
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US2550691D Expired - Lifetime US2550691A (en) | Nongorrosive detergent |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2550691A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2717239A (en) * | 1952-06-30 | 1955-09-06 | Union Oil Co | Electrically conductive oil-base drilling fluids |
| US2739903A (en) * | 1952-10-21 | 1956-03-27 | Ajem Lab Inc | Paint killer |
| US2850460A (en) * | 1956-03-27 | 1958-09-02 | Monsanto Chemicals | Odor stabilized detergent composition |
| US3154497A (en) * | 1962-03-21 | 1964-10-27 | Mankowich Abraham | Method of improving the storage properties of alkaline detergent compositions |
| US3329616A (en) * | 1963-07-31 | 1967-07-04 | Monsanto Co | Process for preparing detergents |
| US3359205A (en) * | 1962-12-05 | 1967-12-19 | Monsanto Co | Detergent composition containing substituted benzyl ether non-ionic detergents |
| US4131558A (en) * | 1975-02-14 | 1978-12-26 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for preparing an orthophosphate-silicate detergent product |
| US4661281A (en) * | 1984-07-02 | 1987-04-28 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Process for the production of a spray-dried nonionic washing aid |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB469334A (en) * | 1936-01-27 | 1937-07-23 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Manufacture of washing preparations |
| GB498743A (en) * | 1937-06-08 | 1939-01-09 | Walter Acton | Improved product for treating water for toilet purposes |
| US2335194A (en) * | 1939-09-26 | 1943-11-23 | Nussiein Joseph | Cleansing process and product |
-
0
- US US2550691D patent/US2550691A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB469334A (en) * | 1936-01-27 | 1937-07-23 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Manufacture of washing preparations |
| GB498743A (en) * | 1937-06-08 | 1939-01-09 | Walter Acton | Improved product for treating water for toilet purposes |
| US2335194A (en) * | 1939-09-26 | 1943-11-23 | Nussiein Joseph | Cleansing process and product |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2717239A (en) * | 1952-06-30 | 1955-09-06 | Union Oil Co | Electrically conductive oil-base drilling fluids |
| US2739903A (en) * | 1952-10-21 | 1956-03-27 | Ajem Lab Inc | Paint killer |
| US2850460A (en) * | 1956-03-27 | 1958-09-02 | Monsanto Chemicals | Odor stabilized detergent composition |
| US3154497A (en) * | 1962-03-21 | 1964-10-27 | Mankowich Abraham | Method of improving the storage properties of alkaline detergent compositions |
| US3359205A (en) * | 1962-12-05 | 1967-12-19 | Monsanto Co | Detergent composition containing substituted benzyl ether non-ionic detergents |
| US3329616A (en) * | 1963-07-31 | 1967-07-04 | Monsanto Co | Process for preparing detergents |
| US4131558A (en) * | 1975-02-14 | 1978-12-26 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for preparing an orthophosphate-silicate detergent product |
| US4661281A (en) * | 1984-07-02 | 1987-04-28 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Process for the production of a spray-dried nonionic washing aid |
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