US254203A - Bdouaed fixary - Google Patents

Description

. (No ModeL) E. FIXARY.

IGE MACHINE. No. 254,203. Patented; Feb. 28,1882.

WZZiZJI-f v fzziazaiar N. PETERS. Phalo-Lilhographer, Washinglun, u. c

UNITED STATE EDOUARD FIXARY,

PATENT OFFIcE.

or PARIS, FRANCE.

ICE-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters'Patent No. 254,203, dated February .28, 1882.

Application filed January 21, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDQUARD FIXARY, of Paris, in the Republic of France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ice-Machines, or Machines for the Artificial Production of Gold, of which improvement the following specification is a full description.

This invention relates more particularly-to machine's operating to produce cold bythe alternate liquefaction and vaporization of a liq uefiable'gassuch as ammonia or sulphurous dioxide -althoi1gh it may be applied to the machines which produce cold by the compression and expansion of common air, or to other machines. It has special reference to the-lubrication by glycerine or'similar liquid of the piston and valves of the aspiration and compression pump or pumps, whereby the ammonia or other refrigerant is vaporized and liquefied, or is expanded and compressed, and also to the general arrangement of the machine.

' Heretofore glycerine has been introduced into the aspiration and compression pumps of ice-machines, and has been circulated in order to lubricate the piston and valves, in some ness and a ready detachability and a facility for cleaning.

The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, representa machine constructed in accordance with'the invention,

Figure 1 being a vertical'central section; Fig. 2, a cross-section on line 00 'z Fig. l, and Fig.

3 a cross-section on line as y.

The machine has the ordinary parts of an ice-machineto wit, a reservpir, R, for theJliquefied refrigerant,a refrigerator, 0, in which the refrigerant is vaporized, an aspiration and compression pump, M, and a condenser, D,*in which the refrigerant isagainliquefied. The coils in the refrigerator wherein the vaporization takes place are immersed in a non-conthe water to be frozen are placed.

The condenser-coils D and reservoir R are inclosed in the jacket or vessel L, through which a circulation of water is maintained. The piston P of pump M is operated by a piston-rod and pitman and a crank on a shaft driven by a motor of any ordinary or suitable description.

The refrigerant is drawn into the upper part of the cylinder of pump M' through the pipe T, and is-expelled therefrom throughthe pipe f into the condepser D, and the said cylinder is provided with an inlet andoutlet valve'in separate chambers. The cylinder belowthe piston is in free communication with a vertical lubricant-chamber, A, hermetically sealed at the top. Two-thirds of the exterior surface of thischambers walls are bathed by the cold liquid in the refrigerator, so that the contents of said chamber are constantly cooled. The lubricant-such as glycerine in an ammoniamachinefills thelower part of the vertical chamber A. At each reciprocation of the piston P the lubricant is drawnfrom and forced back into the c9.oledmlubricantc ga nglm causing e, level of the lubricant therein to rise and fall. upper part of the chamber A with the inletvalve chamber of the pump M. At each descent of the piston P the lubricant is forced above the upper end of this tube 11, so that a small portion of the lubricant flows through A small pipe, I), connects the p said pipe and enters the pump-cylinder with the refrigerant, flowing over the inlet-valve and forming a layer above they piston P. On the upstroke of the piston some of the lubricant is forced out with the refrigerant through the pipe f, and both the inlet and outlet valves and their seats are bathed by the lubricant on top of. the piston. I i

1n the condenser D is a lubricant receptacle or trap, E. The portion of glycerine or lubricating material expelled from the pump, together withthe compressed refrigerant, (ammonia,) enters bythe pipe f. The glycerine or other lubricating material used falls to the bottom of the vessel, while the ammonia or other refrigerant passes into the coils of condenser D, and thence in a liquefied state into the reservoir R. p

The supply of lubricant beneath the piston P is recovered from thereceptacle or trap E,

small quantities being drawn up through the pipes d at each stroke of the piston. The delivery through these pipes is controlled by the valve h in chamber H, said valve being adapted to serve also as a relief-valve. It is pressed toward its seat by a light steel spring, h, but is held out of contact therewith by the end of the screw-rod k which regulates the distance between the valve and its seat.

A rod, S, extends through the top of chamber H, and at its lower end, which is squared, fits within a hole of similar shape in the stem of valve h. By this rod S the valve can be turned, when desired, in order to prevent clogging.

The delivery of lubricant into the pump-cylinder and lubricant-chamber A is regulated by means of the screw-rod h by increasing or diminishing the space between the valve and its seat, the lubricant passing downward through this space.

Whenever the pressure in the pump-cylinder and lubricant-chamber-A becomes excessive the valve h acts as a relief-valve and opens upward against the pressure of spring h into the receptacle or trap E.

In order to give an indicatfon for governing the delivery of the lubricant by the valve h, a ball, K, supported in a frame at the top of the upright chamber A, above the proper high level of the lubricant therein, and a pin, K, is fixed above and out of contact with the said ball. In the proper action of the machine the lubricant does not touch the ball 5 but when the supply becomes too great the ball is lifted at each stroke of the pump-piston and strikes against the end of the pin K. An indication of the state of affairs is thus given, and the delivery of lubricant through the pipes dis diminished by turning screw-rod k and lowering the valve h toward its seat.

The lubricant is introduced into the upright chamber A, the head B being removed, and the amount introduced is regulated by the aid of the level-indicating tube g. Sediment is removed from the lubricant receptacle or trap through the head Q.

The general arrangement of the machine is as follows: The lubricant receptacle or trap, the condenser, and the reservoir of liquefied refrigerant are all inclosed in the upright vessel or hollow column L, through which the cooling circulation of water or other medium is maintained. The column serves therefore at once as the foundation or frameof the machine, and as the jacket or containing-vessel for the condenser-coils. It has a broad base, as shown. The lubricant receptacle or trap E and the res ervoir R are or may be made in one casting, and they and the condenser-coils are attached to one another so that they form one structure. This structure is secured to the column L by flanges and bolts j.

A supporting-frame for the pump-operating mechanism is bolted to the upper part of the column L. The pump and lubricant-chamber A are supported also on the frame, and the box of the refrigerator is bolted to the flange of the upright chamber A, as shown in Fig. 2. This construction and arrangement give great facilities for taking apart and putting together, to allow cleaning or transportation, or for other purpose. By taking off the refrigerator and releasing the bolts j the structure incased in the column L can be removed entire.

It is obvious modifications may be made in the forms, proportions, dimensions, and materials used in the apparatus, and in other details of construction, without departing from the spirit of the invention, and that parts of the invention may be used without the others.

Two or more pumps may be used instead of one, as described, and the lubricating appararatus may be used in connection with various forms of purifying mechanism.

I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent the new improvements herein described, all and several--that is to say- 1. The combination,with the pump or pumps for compressing ammonia or other gas, of a lubricant-chamber adapted to be kept cool, in free communication with the pump-cylinder, substantially as described, so that the lubricant flows back and forth between said cylinder and the lubricant-chamber.

2. The combination, with the pump cylinder, piston, and valves, of a lubricant-chamber in communication with the interior of the cylinder on one side of the cylinder, and a pipe communicating with the upper part of said lubricant-chamber and with the valve-chamber on the other side of the piston, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with the pump and refrigerator, of a lubricant-chamber communicating with the interior of the pump-cylinder, and adapted to be cooled by the low temperature in the refrigerator, substantially as described.

4. The combination of the pump, the lubricant-chamber communicating with the pumpcylinder freely at the bottom and by a small pipe at the top, the lubricant receptacle or trap connected with the outlet-pipe from the pump, and the return-pipe for returning the lubricant to the pump, substantially as described.

5. The pin and ball in the lubricant-chamber for indicating excess of lubricant therein, substantially as described.

6. The combination with thelubricant-rcceptacle and pump, of a supply-controlling and relief valve in the connecting-pipe, substantially as described.

7. The supply-controlling and relief valve described, comprising a valve pressed toward its seat by a spring, and a device for regulating the space between the said valve and its seat, substantially as described.

8. The combination of the regulator, pump, cooled lubricant-chamber, lubricant receptacle or trap, condenser, and connecting-pipes, substantially as described.

9. The lubricant receptacle or trap inclosed in the condenser, substantially as described.

10. In an ice-machine, the hollow column, serving both as the machine-frame and the 5 jacket or vessel for containing the condensercoils, substantially as described.

11. The combination, with the hollow column, of the pump and refrigerator supported thereby, and the condenser and refrigerant-resl0 ervoir inclosed therein, substantially as described.

12. The lubricant receptacle or trap, condenser-coils, and refrigerant-reservoifi attached together to form a single structure, and

15 inclosed in a common jacket or vessel, substantially as described.

13. An ice-machine comprising in combination the hollow column, the condenser, lubricant receptacle or trap, and refrigerant-reservoir united in a single structure and inclosed 20 therein, the pump, the communicating lubricant-chamber, and the refrigerator supported by said column, and the con necting-pi pes, substantially as described.

In testimony whereofI have signed my name 25 to this specification before two subscribing witnesses.

E. FIXARY.

Witnesses EMILE BARRAULT, AUG. VINcK.

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