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US2429476A - Hatting fur treatment - Google Patents

Hatting fur treatment Download PDF

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Publication number
US2429476A
US2429476A US532678A US53267844A US2429476A US 2429476 A US2429476 A US 2429476A US 532678 A US532678 A US 532678A US 53267844 A US53267844 A US 53267844A US 2429476 A US2429476 A US 2429476A
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fur
hat
quality
quebracho
felting
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US532678A
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Joseph F Melody
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/04—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres having existing or potential cohesive properties, e.g. natural fibres, prestretched or fibrillated artificial fibres
    • D04H1/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres having existing or potential cohesive properties, e.g. natural fibres, prestretched or fibrillated artificial fibres and hardened by felting; Felts or felted products

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the treatment of hatting furand has for 'an object improving the felting properties of the fur and improving the quality of the hat, and also adding weighting to the fiber. It will thus give a better quality of hat with a given fur, or it will give the same quality hat with the use of less 'fur and with a poorer quality of fur, "so that a good or asgood a quality of hat can be produced 'at less cost.
  • Hatting 'fur is scarce and high priced, and I' have found that by treating hatting fur or mixtures of good fur with other materials, such for example as short stock, roundings "and so forth, with certain materials I can secure better "felting properties and can improve the quality and feel of the hat as well as increase its weight without increasingthe quantity of fur.
  • the fur or fur mixture is blown and the hat body formed in the usual manner and the shrinking process partially completed, preferably about three-quarters completed, and then the body is dipped into "a solution which improves the felting properties ofthe fur and improves the feel and quality of the hat. It also adds weight to the body, preferably about ten per cent, but it could be-anywhere from about one to twenty-five per cent, although if added Weight is small there is not much advantage gained as far as Weighting is concerned, but there is .an improvement in the felting qualities and in the feel and quality of the hat. After the body is so treated it is colored or dyed in the usual manner, as this treatment does not interfere with the dye, and then the shrinking'and'other finishingoperations :are completed.
  • the preferred bath or solution in which the body is dipped is an oil bath in which is mixed quebracho powder dissolved in water.
  • the oil is castoroil treated with sulfuric acid, commonly called sulfonated'castor oil.
  • the quebracho powder is dissolved in water and this solution then mixed with the sulfonated "oil.
  • the solution or mixture ordinarily used for one dozen hats is about A; to 1 ounce of the sulfonated oil and from about 4 to 16 ounces of quebracho powder, all mixed-in abou-t-figallons-of water. These are the right pro-portions fcr'about per cent weighting effect.
  • Quebracho extract powder is procurable as such on the market. It is prepared from an extract of thequebracho wood, bean or bark. It is made up in large part of tannin or tannic acid and other substances extracted from the quebracho wood, bark or beam. The quebracho extract could be used but the powder is readily available on the market and can be moreeasily handled.
  • the quebracho material enters the fur and tightens the felt. It makes :a fur of tighter felting properties, and a hat of better feel and improved qual-- ity as well asgreater Weight. It forms a sort of coating on thefibers and to *a certain extent stifiens up the fibers, but does 'not interfere with the feltin qualities, and on the-other hand improves these felting qualities. It adds weight, felting qualities and feel, and generally improves the quality of the hat, and best results are secured by adding about 10 per cent to-the weight. However, it could be carried to about 25 per cent and still secure a good marketable quality of hat. It can be added to pure fur or any of the ordinary hat fur mixtures, including fur mixtures containing casein fiber, so-called short stock, roundings and the like, and .itcould .also be used in wool hats.
  • the percentage of quebracho powder, extract or solution and the sulfonated oil in the mixture depends on the quality of the materials used and the effect and weighting desired on the hat ma-v terial or felt.
  • the oil has atendency to open up the fiber permitting the quebracho solution to adhere to the fiber and tends to mellow the felt and keep it from getting too stiff and gives it a finer feel or texture.
  • pounds of for or fur mixable portion of the quebracho powder and there-'- fore material improvements are secured by using tannin or tannic acid powder, or an extract of sumac, or tara powder, which latter is an'extract from the tara bean grown in Peru, may be used;
  • quebracho is the best and is preferred.
  • Sumac gives a darker stain and has a harsher effect as it makes the fur or fur fiber too boardy and stiff, but it has a good weighting effect and can be used in small amounts.
  • the tara powder extract has a less staining effect and the weighting property is not so good. In short, with sumac the weighting effect is greater but the staining effect is also greater, making the fur too dark except for a very dark colored hat.
  • the staining efiect and the weighting properties of the tara extract powder are both less.
  • Quebracho is between the two and ismuch better and is preferred, because it has good weighting effect and materially improves the felting, feel and other qualities without objectionably stifiening the felt. In this treatment weight i added by adding a coating or weight to the fibers themselves which does not interfere with the felting effect or properties but in fact actually improves them.
  • the main objects of the invention are to improve the quality of the hat and also the adding of weighting or coating to the fiber.
  • the quebracho extract powder is the best and gives the best results, although improvement is secured by tannin or tannic acid and the extract. of sumac and-tara extract powder, as previously described.
  • the quebracho extract powder is preferred but the improved effects noted by the use of the other substances are material.
  • a method of increasing the weight and felting properties of the fur and improving the quality of the felt of fur hat bodie which consists in dipping the body after it has been formed of prepared fur and subjected to felting and shrinking operations and after the shrinking of the body has been. about three quarters completed, in a solution of quebrach'o powder dissolved in water and sufficient in amount to increase the weight of thebody from about one to about,
  • a method of increasing the weight and felting properties of the fur and improving the quality of the felt of fur hat bodies which consists in dipping the body after it has been formed of prepared fur and subjected to felting and shrinking operations and after the shrinking of the body has been about three quarters completed, in a solution of quebracho extract and sulfonated castor oil sufficient to increase the weight of the body from about one to about twenty-five per cent.
  • a method of treating formed fur hat bodies to increase the weight and felting properties of the fur and the quality of the felt which consists in dipping the body after it has been formed from prepared fur and subjected to felting and shrinking operations and after the shrinking of .the body hasbeen about three quarters completed', in a, solution of quebracho extract and 'sulfonated oil and with the quebracho sufficient in amount to increase the weight of the body from about one to about twenty-five per cent.
  • a method of increasing the weight and felting properties of the fur and improving the quality of the felt of fur hat bodies which consists in dipping the body after it has been formed of prepared fur and subjected to felting and shrinking operations and after the shrinking of the body has been about three quarters completed, in a solution of quebracho extract in the proportions of about four to sixteen ounces of quebracho powder dissolved in about six gallons of water to obtain an increase in weight of the body of from about one to about twenty-five per cent 5.
  • a method of treating formed fur hat bodies to increase the weight and felting properties of the fur and the quality of the felt which consists in dipping the body after it has been formed from prepared fur and subjected to felting and shrinking operations and after the shrinking of the body has been about three quarters completed, in a solution of the proportions of about one-fourth to one ounce of sulfonated castor oil and about four to sixteen ounces of quebracho powder in about six gallons of water to obtain an increase in weight of the body of from about one to about twenty-five per cent.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Description

Patented Oct. 21, 1947 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HATTING FUR TREATMENT Joseph F. Melody, ,Danbury, Conn.
NoDrawing. Application April 25,1944, Serial No. 532,678
Claims. '1
This invention relates to the treatment of hatting furand has for 'an object improving the felting properties of the fur and improving the quality of the hat, and also adding weighting to the fiber. It will thus give a better quality of hat with a given fur, or it will give the same quality hat with the use of less 'fur and with a poorer quality of fur, "so that a good or asgood a quality of hat can be produced 'at less cost. Hatting 'fur is scarce and high priced, and I' have found that by treating hatting fur or mixtures of good fur with other materials, such for example as short stock, roundings "and so forth, with certain materials I can secure better "felting properties and can improve the quality and feel of the hat as well as increase its weight without increasingthe quantity of fur.
In the preferred method of carrying out the treatment, the fur or fur mixture is blown and the hat body formed in the usual manner and the shrinking process partially completed, preferably about three-quarters completed, and then the body is dipped into "a solution which improves the felting properties ofthe fur and improves the feel and quality of the hat. It also adds weight to the body, preferably about ten per cent, but it could be-anywhere from about one to twenty-five per cent, although if added Weight is small there is not much advantage gained as far as Weighting is concerned, but there is .an improvement in the felting qualities and in the feel and quality of the hat. After the body is so treated it is colored or dyed in the usual manner, as this treatment does not interfere with the dye, and then the shrinking'and'other finishingoperations :are completed.
The preferred bath or solution in which the body is dipped is an oil bath in which is mixed quebracho powder dissolved in water. The oil is castoroil treated with sulfuric acid, commonly called sulfonated'castor oil. The quebracho powder is dissolved in water and this solution then mixed with the sulfonated "oil. The solution or mixture ordinarily used for one dozen hats is about A; to 1 ounce of the sulfonated oil and from about 4 to 16 ounces of quebracho powder, all mixed-in abou-t-figallons-of water. These are the right pro-portions fcr'about per cent weighting effect. Tithe hatis tee mellow and it is wished tobone itup-somewhat, the "amount of sulfonated oil would be reduced. For a greater weighting effect more oil and quebraoho powder would be added. Ordinarily the quebracho powder is dissolved in the water and then the solution is mixed with the sulfonated oil. The oil is not necessary Quebracho extract powder is procurable as such on the market. It is prepared from an extract of thequebracho wood, bean or bark. It is made up in large part of tannin or tannic acid and other substances extracted from the quebracho wood, bark or beam. The quebracho extract could be used but the powder is readily available on the market and can be moreeasily handled.
As the hat-is dipped in this bath or solution the quebracho material enters the fur and tightens the felt. It makes :a fur of tighter felting properties, and a hat of better feel and improved qual-- ity as well asgreater Weight. It forms a sort of coating on thefibers and to *a certain extent stifiens up the fibers, but does 'not interfere with the feltin qualities, and on the-other hand improves these felting qualities. It adds weight, felting qualities and feel, and generally improves the quality of the hat, and best results are secured by adding about 10 per cent to-the weight. However, it could be carried to about 25 per cent and still secure a good marketable quality of hat. It can be added to pure fur or any of the ordinary hat fur mixtures, including fur mixtures containing casein fiber, so-called short stock, roundings and the like, and .itcould .also be used in wool hats.
Inshort, it improves theall around quality of thehat and has weighting properties in addition so that as good or a better hat can be produced at less cost in fur, and it also permits the use of somewhat cheaper fur mixtures without objectionable reduction in the quality of the hat. That is, it permits the use of a greater proportion of such materials as short stock, roundings and the like in the fur mixture. As suggested, it allows the use of casein fiber and permits the use of a greater amount of this casein fiber than has been heretofore permissible for a given quality of hat. Hats of marketable quality .have been produced using as high as 30 per cent of casein fiber.
The percentage of quebracho powder, extract or solution and the sulfonated oil in the mixture depends on the quality of the materials used and the effect and weighting desired on the hat ma-v terial or felt. The oil has atendency to open up the fiber permitting the quebracho solution to adhere to the fiber and tends to mellow the felt and keep it from getting too stiff and gives it a finer feel or texture.
As an example, pounds of for or fur mixable portion of the quebracho powder and there-'- fore material improvements are secured by using tannin or tannic acid powder, or an extract of sumac, or tara powder, which latter is an'extract from the tara bean grown in Peru, may be used;
but quebracho is the best and is preferred. Sumac gives a darker stain and has a harsher effect as it makes the fur or fur fiber too boardy and stiff, but it has a good weighting effect and can be used in small amounts. The tara powder extract has a less staining effect and the weighting property is not so good. In short, with sumac the weighting effect is greater but the staining effect is also greater, making the fur too dark except for a very dark colored hat. The staining efiect and the weighting properties of the tara extract powder are both less. Quebracho is between the two and ismuch better and is preferred, because it has good weighting effect and materially improves the felting, feel and other qualities without objectionably stifiening the felt. In this treatment weight i added by adding a coating or weight to the fibers themselves which does not interfere with the felting effect or properties but in fact actually improves them.
The main objects of the invention are to improve the quality of the hat and also the adding of weighting or coating to the fiber. The quebracho extract powder is the best and gives the best results, although improvement is secured by tannin or tannic acid and the extract. of sumac and-tara extract powder, as previously described. There are evidently other salts or substances in the quebracho extract powder which modify somewhat the effect of the tannin or tannic acid, or act with it to secure the desired improvements in the felting properties, the improved feel and quality of the fur and the resulting hat, and in the weighting effect. For this reason the quebracho extract powder is preferred but the improved effects noted by the use of the other substances are material.
Having thus set forth the nature of my invention, what I claim is:
1. A method of increasing the weight and felting properties of the fur and improving the quality of the felt of fur hat bodie which consists in dipping the body after it has been formed of prepared fur and subjected to felting and shrinking operations and after the shrinking of the body has been. about three quarters completed, in a solution of quebrach'o powder dissolved in water and sufficient in amount to increase the weight of thebody from about one to about,
twenty-five per cent. 2. A method of increasing the weight and felting properties of the fur and improving the quality of the felt of fur hat bodies which consists in dipping the body after it has been formed of prepared fur and subjected to felting and shrinking operations and after the shrinking of the body has been about three quarters completed, in a solution of quebracho extract and sulfonated castor oil sufficient to increase the weight of the body from about one to about twenty-five per cent.
3. A method of treating formed fur hat bodies to increase the weight and felting properties of the fur and the quality of the felt, which consists in dipping the body after it has been formed from prepared fur and subjected to felting and shrinking operations and after the shrinking of .the body hasbeen about three quarters completed', in a, solution of quebracho extract and 'sulfonated oil and with the quebracho sufficient in amount to increase the weight of the body from about one to about twenty-five per cent.
4. A method of increasing the weight and felting properties of the fur and improving the quality of the felt of fur hat bodies which consists in dipping the body after it has been formed of prepared fur and subjected to felting and shrinking operations and after the shrinking of the body has been about three quarters completed, in a solution of quebracho extract in the proportions of about four to sixteen ounces of quebracho powder dissolved in about six gallons of water to obtain an increase in weight of the body of from about one to about twenty-five per cent 5. A method of treating formed fur hat bodies to increase the weight and felting properties of the fur and the quality of the felt, which consists in dipping the body after it has been formed from prepared fur and subjected to felting and shrinking operations and after the shrinking of the body has been about three quarters completed, in a solution of the proportions of about one-fourth to one ounce of sulfonated castor oil and about four to sixteen ounces of quebracho powder in about six gallons of water to obtain an increase in weight of the body of from about one to about twenty-five per cent.
JOSEPH F. MELODY.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,322,254 Rickus et al June 22, 1943 1,778,473 Wagner Oct. 14, 1930 1,625,458 Donner Apr. 19, 1927 1,737,104 Bergmann Nov. 26, 1929 2,225,843 Page J Dec. 24, 1940 2,309,254 Page Jan. 26, 1943 437,295 Fankhauser Sept. 30, 1890 1,457,607 Schmalz June 5, 1923 1,731,298 Dreyfus Oct. 15, 1929 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 250,453 Germany Sept. 6, 1912 381,418 Germany Oct. 1, 1923 417,013 Germany Aug. 4, 1925 364,815 Great Britain Jan. 14, 1932
US532678A 1944-04-25 1944-04-25 Hatting fur treatment Expired - Lifetime US2429476A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2581296A (en) * 1947-08-04 1952-01-01 Hat Corp America Treated fur fibers

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE250453C (en) *
US437295A (en) * 1890-09-30 Hauser
US1457607A (en) * 1923-06-05 Weighting and dyeing silks
DE381418C (en) * 1922-01-18 1923-10-01 Hoechst Ag Method for fulling textile fabrics
DE417013C (en) * 1924-12-23 1925-08-04 Englert & Dr F Becker Chem Fab Fulling agent
US1625458A (en) * 1925-04-28 1927-04-19 Philip C Donner Carroting fur and art of treating the same
US1731298A (en) * 1925-10-24 1929-10-15 Celanese Corp Weighting fibers of cellulose derivatives
US1737104A (en) * 1922-12-18 1929-11-26 Bergmann Max Process for the treatment of animal and vegetable fibers
US1778473A (en) * 1925-04-09 1930-10-14 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Process for preparing hair to be worked into felt
GB364815A (en) * 1930-12-22 1932-01-14 Alessandro Gandini Process for the preparation of felted silk
US2225843A (en) * 1940-02-10 1940-12-24 Page William Fur treating composition and process
US2309254A (en) * 1940-11-28 1943-01-26 Page William Fur treating composition and process
US2322254A (en) * 1940-05-04 1943-06-22 Hat Corp America Hat and method of making the same

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US437295A (en) * 1890-09-30 Hauser
US1457607A (en) * 1923-06-05 Weighting and dyeing silks
DE250453C (en) *
DE381418C (en) * 1922-01-18 1923-10-01 Hoechst Ag Method for fulling textile fabrics
US1737104A (en) * 1922-12-18 1929-11-26 Bergmann Max Process for the treatment of animal and vegetable fibers
DE417013C (en) * 1924-12-23 1925-08-04 Englert & Dr F Becker Chem Fab Fulling agent
US1778473A (en) * 1925-04-09 1930-10-14 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Process for preparing hair to be worked into felt
US1625458A (en) * 1925-04-28 1927-04-19 Philip C Donner Carroting fur and art of treating the same
US1731298A (en) * 1925-10-24 1929-10-15 Celanese Corp Weighting fibers of cellulose derivatives
GB364815A (en) * 1930-12-22 1932-01-14 Alessandro Gandini Process for the preparation of felted silk
US2225843A (en) * 1940-02-10 1940-12-24 Page William Fur treating composition and process
US2322254A (en) * 1940-05-04 1943-06-22 Hat Corp America Hat and method of making the same
US2309254A (en) * 1940-11-28 1943-01-26 Page William Fur treating composition and process

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2581296A (en) * 1947-08-04 1952-01-01 Hat Corp America Treated fur fibers

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