US2424503A - Velocity governor - Google Patents

Description

July 22, 1947. R. REGER VELOCITY GOVERNOR Filed May 15, 1942 INVENTOR. KflfNO/YD K565i.

Patented July 22, 1947 VELOCITY GOVERNOR Raymond Roger, Anderson, Ind., assignor to Pierce Governor Company, Anderson, Ind, a

corporation Application May 15, 1942, Serial No. 443,113

13 Claims.

This invention relates to a velocity governor and one which is composed of extremely few parts and compactly arranged, andone wherein the basic features of the invention may be incorporated as an insert for detachable inclusion between the carburetor and engine manifold or one wherein the construction can be built into a carburetor body or a manifold intake body. For purposes of convenience this invention is illustrated and described as applied to an insert arrangement.

The chief object of this invention is to provide in a velocity governor of an engine an arrangement of but few parts and these of simple and rugged construction, which will properly function so that the governing action is progressively increased at greater velocities and near the closed throttle position.

Another object of this invention is to provide a construction wherein such a compact and simple construction effects a performance beyond that heretofore obtained by more complicated structures in that closer regulation over the eff eotive range of operation is obtained.

One feature of the invention consists in associating a velocity operable cam with a pivoted member including a cam contacting follower for extending both ends of a spring that is the opposing force on the throttle valve of the governor and so varying this force that the aforesaidextensible performance is obtained.

Other features of the invention consist in the adjustment of the spring force.

A corollary of the first feature is that the arrangement is such that a smooth cam may be utilized and such a cam can be more easily calibrated.

Other objects and features of the invention will be set forth more fully hereinafter.

The full nature of the invention will be understood from the accompanying drawings and the following specification and claims:

In the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a top plan view of one embodiment of the invention, showing the governor valve in the wide open position.

Fig. 2 is a side elevational View of the lower portion of a downdraft carburetor and the upper portion of an engine intake manifold with the governor throttle body interposed therebetween and with the mechanism external of the throttle body illustrated in elevation, the heavy dash lines indicating the wide open position of the throttle valve and the lighter dotted lines indicating the closed position.

Fig.3 is a diagrammatic elevational view of the valve, cam, follower, pivoted member and opposing spring, the parts being shown in approximately half open position of the valve, the latter being shown dotted.

Fig. 4 is a similar view of the same parts in the closed valve position, dotted lines indicating the initial or open valve position.

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatical elevational view similar to Figs; Sand {1, and of a'modified form of the invention and showing the parts in the initially valve closing position.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken on line 6-5 of Fig. 5 and in the direction of the arrows.

In the drawings It indicates anengine intake manifold having a flange 12 for connection to the flange l3 of a carburetor, thelower portion of which is illustrated in Fig. 2 and indicated by the numeral M. The numeral l5 indicates the passage in the carburetor. The throttle valve of the carburetor and its fuel supplying, et cetera, portions are omitted. The intake manifold has the passage l6 therein.

A throttle body indicated by the numeral I1 is provided with the bores i8 extending therethrough and the bolts 20 retained by nuts l9 serve to connect the carburetor and manifold together with the throttle body I! therebetween, the 'connections being suitably sealed as by gaskets 2!. The throttle body has the passage 22 extending therethrough that registers with the passages 15 and I6.

Extending across the passage 22 is a valve shaft 23. This shaft has a projecting end 24 and carried by said shaft within the passage 22 is the elliptical valve 25. This valve 25, it will be observed is slightly longer on the upstream side than the downstream side. It will be noted the axis of the shaft 23 is slightly offset from the longitudinal center of the passage 22.

The normally wide open position of this throttie valve is approximately 5 from the vertical and in the direction of closing, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The valve when closed is positioned approximately 3 to the horizontal plane through the axis of the valve shaft 23. Hence, as the velocity of the fuel mixture in the intake to the en increases as the speed of the engine increases end that for which the governor is adjusted to operate, such fuel mixture tends to close the 'valve moving it from the position shown in Fig.

1 to the position shown in Fig. 3 and then tothe position shown in Fig. l, at which time the governor valve has completely out off the fuel supply to the engine. It will be obviousthat as the velocity varies in the intake, the governor valve position will fluctuate. Broadly, all of the aforesaid is old in the velocity governor art.

Reference now will be had to the first form of the invention and it will be observed that the shaft 23 has a non-circular end 26, the remainder being threaded as at 24 and the nuts 2! and 28 serve to retain on said shaft the cam member 29 having a corresponding aperture 34 therein for reception by the portion 23 of the shaft 23.

This cam 29 is apertured as at 3| to mount one end 32 of a tension spring 33, herein shown coiled in character. The face of the cam herein is shown provided with a slight recess 34, a portion 35 concentric with the axis of the valve shaft 23 and a portion 36. This portion 36 is a gradual extension of the portion 35 and each part of the portion 33 is progressively more remote from the valve shaft axis than the portion immediately ad- .l'acent thereto and closer to the concentric portion 35.

Projecting from the throttle body i7 is a boss 31 and mounted therein is a pin or stationary shaft 38 grooved as at 39 to receive a split locking ring 44 that retains on said shaft 38 a member 44 that is apertured as at 42 for shaft reception. The member 4| extends downwardly and adjacent the cam 29 is provided with a pin or shaft 43 upon which is rotatably mounted a roller 44 retained by a washer 45. If desired as shown in Fig. 2, there may be interposed between the roller 44 and the pin 43 an anti-friction structure in the form of balls and the like, 46. The roller 45 rides the cam surface 34-35-36.

Extending downwardly and outwardly away from the cam is a tail portion 4! upon the member 4|. Herein the same is provided with three spaced apertures 48. The spring 33 has itsopposite end 49 mounted in one of these apertures.

The governor, therefore, includes an oficenter valve, a cam rigid therewith, a pivoted member carrying a follower portion that engages the cam and a tension spring interposed between the cam and the member and normally constraining the follower portion into cam contact at all times. Increasing velocity of the fuel mixture through the intake serves to rotate the cam clockwise-see Figs. 2, 3 and 4, and in such clock wise rotation, the following occurs:

In the initial rotation the cam follower riding the concentric portion of the cam does not cause any movement of the pivoted member 4|. However, as the cam moves from the position shown in Fig. 2 to the position shown in Fig. 3, the spring is extended, the extension taking place through the pull only upon the end 32. As the valve continues to close, due to increased speed or velocity of the fuel mixture through the intake, the cam further rotates clockwise and in such rotation the eccentric portion of the cam (36) causes the pivoted member 4| to rotate counterclockwise from the position shown in Figs. 2 and 3 to the position shown in Fig. 4 by the full'lines, the rest position being indicated by the dotted lines. Naturally, the greater the amount of valve movement from half throttle to closed throttle that occurs, the greater will be the movement of the member 4| and thus the spring 33 will be extended from both ends and in an increasing amount because of the movement of the cam aperture 3| downwardly and to the left and the movement of the member tail portion 41 outwardly or to the right.

It will be understood of course that the cam may be of any desired shape; In view of the working off of both ends of the spring, it will be understood that for governor operation through conventional ranges with this invention, it is possible to use an opposing spring of comparatively lighter value than that which has heretofore been required. For example, for an engine, Chevrolet 1940, a spring of but three to five pounds has been satisfactory and will govern the engine and will hold the engine to 35 or 36 miles per hour without hunting or surging.

As previously set forth, due to the dual operation on the spring from the position between Figs. 3 and 4, a smoother cam portion 36 may be utilized. This in effect means that there is less spring extension directly due to the cam movement than would normally be the case, because part of the spring extension, as previously set forth, occurs indirectly through the cam operation imposed on the follower and vice versa.

It will also be understood that when the spring is mounted as shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 4, that is the upper hole 48, the governor is very sensitive. When the intermediate hole 43 is utilized, the governor operation is less sensitive and naturally when the end hole 48 is utilized for mounting the spring 33, the governor operation is even less sensitive. The aforesaid, therefore, permits a range of adjustment to determine the sensitiveness of governor operation.

Reference now will be had to Figs. 2, 3 and 4, wherein it is observed that the axis of the shaft 43 carried by member 4| is normally slightly below the axis of the valve shaft 23. This difference in elevation, as it were, is approximately The member 4 I, as shown in Figs. 2 to 4, inclusive, has its pivotal axis determined by the shaft 33 slightly to the right of the axis of the shaft 43 when the valve 25 is in wide open position. It may, however, with the valve in wide open position, have these two axes in vertical alignment, as it were.

Reference now will be had to Figs. 5 and 6 wherein a modified form of the invention is illustrated. Herein the valve is indicated by the numeral 69, the valve shaft by the numeral 6|, the flattened portion thereof by the numeral 62, the cam by the numeral 63 with the complementary aperture 34 for rigid mounting upon the valve shaft. The cam 63 has the positive tail portion 65 apertured as at 66 for mounting one end 6! of the coil spring 68. The numeral 63 indicates the concentric portion of the cam face while the numeral 10 indicates the eccentric extension thereof; similar to the portion 36 of the cam shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 4. Portion 33 may be said to be of scroll character.

The numeral 1| indicates the shaft comparable to the shaft 38. A sleeve 12 mounted thereon spaces the two members 73 the proper distance apart. These two members 13 are of angle or L- shape and the horizontal arm portions 74 mount the shaft 15 upon which is pivoted a lever 76. Positioned between the two members 73 and at the knee portion Tl thereof is the shaft "58 surrounded by the anti-friction balls 19 upon which is mounted the cam roller 88 that contacts the cam member 63. This shaft 78 also serves to secure the two members 13 in spaced relation.

The lever member 15 is apertured at 8| to receive the other end 82 of the spring 68. The other end 83 of the lever member 15 is apertured as at 84. A screw bolt 85 has its head portion 86 bearing on the external face of said upper portion 83 of the lever 76 and its body portion extends through the aperture 84. This body portion of the screw has threaded connection with a the screw bolt.

of pivotal movement thereof, members being pivotally mounted adjacent the portionswould not I porting nut 31 that is seated in slots 88 in the members 13, as shown. Interposed between the n utand the member 16 at the upper portionSB thereof and concentric with the threaded screw 85 is the coil spring "90.

'It will be-quite apparent that spring '68 normally tends to draw the portion 16 toward the cam 53. However, the portion 83 of the member "It is restrained from clockwise rotative movement on the shaft by the head portion 85 of Movement counterclockwise of this member upon the pin 15 is prevented by the concentric spring 99. The position of the member 16-8-3 is determined by the screw'S-Eand thus 'the initial tension applied to the spring 38 is ad- J'usted.

It also will be observed that when adjusted,

the entire L-shaped arrangement including the cam follower roller is tiltable as a unit about the shaft H incident to tilting of the cam 53 in the resulting velocity responsive movement of the valve 58. The operation of this form of the invention is exactly the same as that previously described for the form shown in Figs. 1 to 4, inelusive.

While the invention has been illustrated and described in great detail in the drawings and foregoing description, the same is to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive in charactor.

The several modifications described herein as well as others which will readily suggest themselves topersons skilled in this art, all are considered to be within the broad scope-of the invention, reference being had to the appended claims.

The invention claimed is:

1. A spring resistance device comprising a relatively stationary support, a pair of spaced members, each independently pivoted on the support, one of said members responding to a variable force to be resisted, the force increment progressively increasing for successive increments the other of said first mentioned member, the pivotal axes being substantially parallel, a cam portion on one t ember, a follower portion on the other of said members, which follower portion is arranged for cam portion engagement, the said other member when unconstrained having a position such that the I engage each other, and a tension spring connected at opposite ends to the "members and constraining the portions into en gagement and constituting the sole tension connection therebetween, said cam portion in the pivoting of its supporting member effecting'pivoting of the follower portion supporting member and arranged for stretching of the spring from one end only and for a portion of the pivotal movement and simultaneously stretching of the spring from opposite ends for another portion of the pivotal movement wherein the spring supportions of said members separate.

2. A spring resistance device comprising a relatively stationary support, a pair of spaced members, each independently pivoted on the support, one of said members responding to a variable force to be resisted, the force increment progressively increasing for successive increments of pivotal movement thereof, the other of said members being pivotally mounted adjacent the first mentioned member, the pivotal axes being substantially parallel, a cam portion on one'member, a follower portion on the other of said members, which follower portion is arranged for cam portion engagement, the said other member when unconstrained having a position such that the portions would notengage each other, and a tension spring connected at opposite ends to the members and constraining the portions into engagement and constituting the sole tension connection therebetween, said cam portion in the pivoting of its supporting member efiecting pivoting of the follower portion supporting member and simultaneously stretching of the spring from opposite ends.

3. .A spring device, as defined by claim 1, wherein the last two mentioned portions of pivotal movement are substantially equal.

4. A spring device, as defined by claim 1, wherein the cam and follower portions have continuing engagement for the full range of pivotal movement of the first mentioned member, the cam portion being such that second mentioned member pivotal movement does not occur until substantially half the range of first mentioned member pivotalmovement has been effected, simultaneous stretching of the spring from opposite ends'being correspondingly delayed.

5. A spring resistance device comprising a pair of independently pivoted members, one of said members responding to a variable force to be resisted, the other of said members being pivotally mounted adjacent the first mentioned member, a cam portion on one member, a follower portion on the other of said members, which follower portion is arranged for cam engagement,-the said other member when unconstrained having a position such that the portions would not'engage each other, and a tension spring connectedat opposite ends to-the members and constraining the portions into engagement and constituting the sole tension connection therebetween, saidcam portion in the pivoting of its supporting member eifecting pivoting of the follower portion supporting member and arranged knees thereof, the said follower portion including a roller for contact with the cam portion, positioned between the spaced portions, antifriction means between the roller and the connection, another member pivoted between an adjacent pair of ends of said L-shaped portions and having a tail portion to which one end of the said spring is connected, and means interposed between the tail including member and the said spaced portions for adjusting'the force of the spring.

'6. A spring resistance device comprising a pair 'of independently pivoted members, one of said members responding to a variable force to be resisted, the other of said members being pivotally-mounted adjacent the first mentioned member, a cam portion on one member, a follower portion on the other of said members, which follower portion is arranged for cam engagement, the said other member when unconstrained having a position such that the portions would not engage each other, and a tension spring con nected at opposite ends to the members and constraining the portions into engagement and constituting the sole tension connection therebetween, said cam portion in the pivoting of its supporting member effecting pivoting of the follower portion supporting member and arranged for stretching of the spring from one end only and for a portion of the pivotal movement, and simultaneously stretching of the spring from opposite ends for another portion of the pivotal movement wherein the spring supporting portions of said members separate, the said other member comprising a pair of L-shaped spaced portions, a connection between the same at the knees thereof, the said follower portion including a roller for contact with the cam portion, positioned between the spaced portions, anti-friction means between the roller and the connection, another member pivoted between an adjacent pair of ends of said L-shaped portions and having a tail portion to which one end of the said spring is connected, and-means interposed between the tail including member and the said spaced portions for adjusting the force of the spring, the said last mentioned interposed means including a threaded member having operative threaded connection with the said L-shaped spaced portions, and a head stop for tail member engagement.

7. A spring resistance device comprising a pair of independently pivoted members, one of said members responding to a variable force to be resisted, the other of said members being pivotally mounted adjacent the first mentioned member, a cam portion on one member, a follower portion on the other of said members, which follower portion is arranged for cam engagement, the said other member when unconstrained having a position such that the portions would not engage each other, and a tension spring connected at opposite ends to the members and constraining the portions into engagement and constituting the sole tension connection therebetween, said cam portion in the pivoting of its supporting member effecting pivoting of the follower portion supporting member and arranged for stretching of the spring from one end only and for a portion of the pivotal movement, and

simultaneously stretching of the spring from opposite ends for another portion of the pivotal movement wherein the spring supporting portions of said members separate, the said other member comprising a pair of L-shaped spaced portions, a connection between the same at the knees thereof, the said follower portion including a roller for contact with the cam portion, positioned between the spaced portions, anti-friction means between the roller and the connection, an-

other member pivoted between an adjacent pair of ends of said L-shaped portions and having a tail portion to which one end of the said spring is connected, and means interposed between the tail including member and the said spaced portions for adjusting the force of the spring, the said last mentioned interposed means including a threaded member having operative threaded connection with the said L-shaped spaced portions, and a head stop for tail member engagement, and yielding means normally constraining the tail member into head stop engagement in addition to the spring effect thereon.

8. A spring device, as defined by claim 1, wherein each member includes a tail for connection to the adjacent end of said spring, one of said member tails being pivoted upon that member, and means for adjusting that pivoted tail upon that member for spring initial force adjustment.

9. A spring resistance device comprising a pair of independently pivoted members, one of said members responding to a variable force to be resisted, the other of said members being pivotally mounted adjacent the first mentioned member, a cam portion on one member, a follower portion on the other of said members, which follower portion is arranged for cam engagement, the said other member when unconstrained having a position such that the portions would not engage each other, and a tension spring connected at opposite ends to the members and constraining the portions into engagement and constituting the sole tension connection therebetween, said cam portion in the pivoting of its supporting member effecting pivoting of the follower portion supporting member and arranged for stretching of the spring from one end only and for a portion of the pivotal movement, and simultaneously stretching of the spring from opposite ends for another portion of the pivotal movement wherein the spring supporting portions of said members separate, each member including a tail for connection to the adjacent end of said spring, one of said member tails being pivoted upon that member, and means for adjusting that pivoted tail upon that member for spring initial force adjustment, the said member comprising a pair of L-shaped spaced portions and a connection between the same at the knees thereof, the said pivoted tail being pivoted between adjacent ends of the said L-shaped portions and the said follower portion including a roller for contact with the cam portion and positioned between L-shaped portions at the said connection.

10. A spring resistance device comprising a pair of' independently pivoted members, one of said members responding to a variable force to be resisted, the other of said members being pivotally mounted adjacent the first mentioned member, a cam portion on one member, a follower portion on the other of said members, which follower portion is arranged for cam engagement, the said other member when unconstrained having a position such that the portions would not engage each other, and a tension spring connected at opposite ends to the members and constraining the portions into engagement and constituting the sole tension connection therebetween, said cam portion in the pivoting of its supporting member effecting pivoting of the follower portion supporting member and arranged for stretching of the spring from one end only and for a portion of the pivotal movement, and simultaneously stretching of the spring from opposite ends for another portion of the pivotal movement wherein the spring supporting portions of said members separate, each member including a tail for connection to the adjacent end of said spring, one of said member tails being pivoted upon that member, and means for adjusting that pivoted tail upon that member for spring initial force adjustment, the said member comprising a pair of L-shaped spaced portions and a connection between the same at the knees thereof, the said pivoted tail being pivoted between adjacent ends of the said L-shaped portions and the said follower portion including a roller for contact with the cam portion and positioned between L-shaped portions at the said connection, and anti-friction means interposed between and pivotally supporting the roller upon the said connection.

11. A spring device, as defined by claim 1,

wherein each member includes a tail for connection to the adjacent end of said spring, one of said member tails being pivoted upon that member, and means for adjusting that pivoted tail upon that member for spring initial force adjustment, the last mentioned adjusting means including a threaded member having operative threaded engagement with the pivoted tail supporting member and a head stop for pivoted tail engagement.

12. A spring device, as defined by claim 1, wherein each member includes a tail for connection to the adjacent end of said spring, one of said member tails being pivoted upon that member, and means for adjusting that pivoted tail upon that member for spring initial force adjustment, the last mentioned adjusting means including a threaded member having operative threaded engagement with the pivoted tail supporting member and a head stop for pivoted tail engagement, and yielding means concentric with the threaded member for maintaining pivoted tail and head stop engagement and cushioning purposes.

13. A spring resistance device comprising a pair of independently pivoted members, one of said members responding to a variable force to be resisted, the other of said members being pivotally mounted adjacent the first mentioned mem-' ber, a cam portion on one member, a follower portion on the other of said members, which follower portion is arranged for cam engagement, the said other member when unconstrained having a position such that the portions would not engage each other, and a tension spring connected at opposite ends to the members and constraining the portions into engagement and constituting the sole tension connection therebetween, said cam portion in the pivoting of its supporting member effecting pivoting of the follower portion supporting member and arranged for stretching of the spring from one end only and for a portion of the pivotal movement, and

10 simultaneously stretching of the spring from opposite ends for another portion of the pivotal movement wherein the spring supporting portions of said members separate, the said other member comprising a pair of L-shaped spaced portions, a connection between the same at the knees thereof, the said follower portion including a roller for contact with the cam portion, positioned between the spaced portions, antifriction means between the roller and the connection, another member pivoted between an adjacent pair of ends of said L-shaped portions and having a tail portion to which one end of the said spring is connected, and means interposed between the tail including member and the said spaced portions for'adjusting the force of the spring, the said last mentioned interposed meansincluding a threaded member having operative threaded connection with the said L-shaped spaced portions, and a head stop for tail member engagement, the operative threaded connection including a nut, the said spaced portions having confronting nut receiving seats, the nut being seated therein and the threaded member extending between the spaced portions and into the nut.

RAYMOND REGER.

REFERENQES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,127,521 Kemp Aug. 31, 1938 2,024,296 Larsen Dec. 1'7, 1935 1,820,384 Essex Aug. 25, 1931 2,204,187 Ostler June 11, 1940 2,155,195 Kirchhof Apr. 18, 1939 2,161,334 Carwardine June 6, 1939 2,167,508 Herold July 25, 1939 2,330,482 Fageol Sept. 28, 1943

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