US2493516A - Chemical surface treatment of ferrous bearing metals - Google Patents
Chemical surface treatment of ferrous bearing metals Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2493516A US2493516A US703277A US70327746A US2493516A US 2493516 A US2493516 A US 2493516A US 703277 A US703277 A US 703277A US 70327746 A US70327746 A US 70327746A US 2493516 A US2493516 A US 2493516A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- surface treatment
- chemical surface
- ferrous
- bearing metals
- ferrous bearing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical group [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 title 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010688 mineral lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- GDTSJMKGXGJFGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,7-dioxido-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3,5,7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Chemical compound O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 GDTSJMKGXGJFGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DEXFNLNNUZKHNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-[3-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropyl]-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1CCN(CC1)C(CCC1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1)=O DEXFNLNNUZKHNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
- C23C22/50—Treatment of iron or alloys based thereon
Definitions
- the present A invention is tobe distinguished ffbm'tneffnere Cleansing-0f metauien'rfaees with acid inahrung inate'nalsfor fthe f't'reatmen-t' of sur- 'Jfaces ffr lthe prevention of fs'econdary reactions Usu'ch fas oidation 'I'he invention 'secures irn- -'p'rbve'd rubbing f ferrous Isurfaces yby"'ti'featin'g v"the sain surfaces with aeesforboron andthe sans head carrying-atacan aswell 'as reducing aar-- Yas It is well known in the art toimprve theloaii carrying'capa'c'ity of rubbing surfaces, particulalyhypoi'd gearsby'the use of so-called extreme pressure lubricants.
- the present invention secures improved load carrying capacity by preactivation of the gears or rubbing surfaces and thereafter permits the use of an ordinary lubricant which would otherwise be entirely unsatisfactory.
- the process of the present invention may also be used in conjunction with extreme pressure lubricants in order to further increase load carrying 'capacity and minimize bea-ring seizure;
- TheA operation of this machine can be briey suInmari zedI asflol'lows f l i machine'fis lportable and hemploys ia 1A;- inch drill-rod journal -'and 1/geinch"split "bushjournal is polished and ythe bushing'-afterfsplitis provided between the journal and the normal diameter of the bushing. Pressure is applied to the bushing by means of a hydraulic and mechanical loading system. The friction torque developed is indicated through a second hydraulic system by a Bourdon gage.
- the oil container is rst fllled with oil to be tested (about 25 ml.) submerging the test journal.
- the machine is then started and run for 30 seconds at no load to insure thorough lubrication of the journal and bushing.
- the load is then applied at the rate of 2 1b. every 10 seconds until seizure occurs or until 30 lb. have been applied. The speed of bearing.
- the corrosion tests were conducted by hanging 4the treated journals and bushings in an insulated humidifier box of approximately 2' x 2l x 4 dimensions, passing in air saturated with moisture at about 140 F. at the rate of about 15 cu. ift. of air Vper hour, the temperature in the interior of the box being about 100 F.v
- the test' was conducted in each case for 48 hours.
- the air Within the box under these conditions was therefore vnot only saturated with moisture but containedV of corrosion testswere made onvfer- Y aqueous, solution ⁇ containing approximately
- the operating conditions may be varied over wide limits.
- the treating operation may be carried out under pressure or vacuum although it is preferred to treat at atmospheric pressure.
- Thevtemperature of the treating bathv may be as high as 300 F. although the preferred range is from about F.
- vto the boiling point of the bath It is preferred to maintain a temperature a few degreesbelow the boiling point of the respectivebaths.
- the time of treatmentV is less than about one hour,v preferably from 15 minutes to 30 minutes.A
- the concentration of inorganic material is maintainedbelow about 20%. Concentrations from 12% to 10% are preferred.
- the-iniprovement consisting in chemically treating said surface with a boiling aqueous solution composed essentially of boric acid of approximately 5% concentration for a time period of from about 15 to 30 minutes, then removing the treated surface and drying the same.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
Patented Jan. 3,1950
CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT OF Y FERROUS )BEARING yMIE TALS 30h11 C. Zimmer, Union,
to Standard OilDevelo prat'ibndfnelawer e No brewing. 'orf 1942, vSerial No.
Aand Arnold J. Morway, Uifointy,
pnrent Company, a cor- N. J., assgnors giial--aiipli'cation December 19, 469,512. Divided and this application October 15, 1946, Serial No. 703,277
. ,1 "iiis invention fentes to imprsvea e-"aepme pressure `rubbing surfaces. It fis concerned iii/ith the improvement `of ferrous gears or `oth"er ferlfr iris bearing "elements which are subjected "-to :hgh'pr'e'ss'ures for example, ferrous Lgea'rs of the 'hypoid `or similar type. The invention especially relates :t'o the improvement Lof rubbing surfaces 'secured by Va chemical pretreatment -of the A'said straws.
This J`ja'ppli 'c'ati'on is 'a "division'oi'ourcpendig application senai Number `469,512, niet vDecem- 'ber -19, 1942, now-abandoned, 'vvin'cilfis ca continqnli'ri'paijt -of application serial' Number *1172928, yme@December 3, '71937, new #Patent No. 2,310,381, granted February 9, 194;
The present A invention is tobe distinguished ffbm'tneffnere Cleansing-0f metauien'rfaees with acid inahrung inate'nalsfor fthe f't'reatmen-t' of sur- 'Jfaces ffr lthe prevention of fs'econdary reactions Usu'ch fas oidation 'I'he invention 'secures irn- -'p'rbve'd rubbing f ferrous Isurfaces yby"'ti'featin'g v"the sain surfaces with aeesforboron andthe sans head carrying-atacan aswell 'as reducing aar-- Yas It is well known in the art toimprve theloaii carrying'capa'c'ity of rubbing surfaces, particulalyhypoi'd gearsby'the use of so-called extreme pressure lubricants. |I 'hese eXtreme pres- "30 sure lubricants `are usually lsuliuriz'ed or chlori- 'I hated irmineral nfor rvegetable oils in 'combination failures by seizure of the bearing surfaces. This process has the inherent disadvantages that the plating chips and cracks or Wears ofl rather readily. In addition, particularly in the case with copper plated gears, the metal seems to act as an accelerator for oxidation and thickening of the gear lubricant.
The present invention secures improved load carrying capacity by preactivation of the gears or rubbing surfaces and thereafter permits the use of an ordinary lubricant which would otherwise be entirely unsatisfactory. The process of the present invention may also be used in conjunction with extreme pressure lubricants in order to further increase load carrying 'capacity and minimize bea-ring seizure;
The improved Aferrous rubbing surfaces Aof mafchinegelem'ents jslch 'a'sg'ears bearings, earns, Vvstonjs, cylinders, rings; 'races'. valve dt'helike. jare secured bytreating the rmetal Twith'aisolation contaimngfan anioniof acid of boron', `more vpa'rticilarly an'acid" fboron or a salt thereof. !Iheli-mprovement appears to be secured by the formation of a coating of iron 'b''lat'e lon the metallic surfaces.' -Es'peclallyutable :are the oa-yacias for bo'ron @and aber salts. @referred -rubbinglsdrraees :are fse'curedxly treating thefferrous-'Irnetals Withfanfaqueous-solution r`ofbo'ri'cla'cicl or of alborate,fsuch'faslsodiinn tetraborate, or with an aqueous'isolution a mixture of an acid-of-boron and a salt thereof. Solutions containing f mixtures of an acid lq'uite effective, for example, a l'rn'i'iiture 'of lbbr'ic `lac-idiand phosphoric not-"only improve "the load --carryin'g l'capacity of the surfaces Ibut 'markedly improve "-tliea-ability-'f the surfaces to resistzcorrosion in the presence of moist air.
'Ifhfe markediimprovementsecuredfbythls proc- Less" i' shown by'fthe "following"d'a'ta-l obtained "in "specinc examples winchv serve to illustrate :the
" 'Irivetion "Steel rods ^w`ere treated f in lthe' lmanl"nerf describ'efiajnd thenA were tested onf the Almen machine, "which I"is described infdetail Iin jthe fNationaiTetmieu'm- News,
:November I6; '11932. TheA operation of this machine can be briey suInmari zedI asflol'lows f l i machine'fis lportable and hemploys ia 1A;- inch drill-rod journal -'and 1/geinch"split "bushjournal is polished and ythe bushing'-afterfsplitis provided between the journal and the normal diameter of the bushing. Pressure is applied to the bushing by means of a hydraulic and mechanical loading system. The friction torque developed is indicated through a second hydraulic system by a Bourdon gage.
In conducting -a test the oil container is rst fllled with oil to be tested (about 25 ml.) submerging the test journal. The machine is then started and run for 30 seconds at no load to insure thorough lubrication of the journal and bushing. The load is then applied at the rate of 2 1b. every 10 seconds until seizure occurs or until 30 lb. have been applied. The speed of bearing.
utes.
cation of weights, a bell is provided'and so arrotation is 600 R. P. M. For timingl th applicondensing moisture. The results of the corrosion tests are shown in the following table:
Saturated ranged as to ring at second intervals.l Each Z-lb. weight produces a pressure of approximately 1,000 lb. per sq. in. of projected area on the test EXAMPLE 1 A's'teel rod tested'on the Almen machine `using .an uncompounded A. E. grade carried 3 weights before seizure mineral lubricating oil of S.
occurred. This mineral lubricating oil was used as the lubricantin vExamples 2vv and'3.
EXAMPLE 2 5% boric acid was heated to boiling and the steel rod of the Almen machine immersed in said boiling solution fork about `30 minutes. The rod, upon being dried and tested on the 'Almenrmachine, carried 11 weights.V i
EXAMPLES VAnV aqueous solution containing 2% boric acid `and 0.5% phosphoric'acid was heated toboiling and the steel rod of the `Almen .machine immersed in the boiling solution for about min- This rod, upon being dried and tested in the Almen machine, carried 14 weights.
EXAMPLE 4' A series rous Almen machine journals and bushings after these had been treated with boiling aqueous solutions of various compounds of boron and mixtures of the same for Various periods ofY time.
The corrosion tests were conducted by hanging 4the treated journals and bushings in an insulated humidifier box of approximately 2' x 2l x 4 dimensions, passing in air saturated with moisture at about 140 F. at the rate of about 15 cu. ift. of air Vper hour, the temperature in the interior of the box being about 100 F.v The test'was conducted in each case for 48 hours. The air Within the box under these conditions was therefore vnot only saturated with moisture but containedV of corrosion testswere made onvfer- Y aqueous, solution `containing approximately The operating conditions may be varied over wide limits. The treating operation may be carried out under pressure or vacuum although it is preferred to treat at atmospheric pressure. Thevtemperature of the treating bathvmay be as high as 300 F. although the preferred range is from about F. vto the boiling point of the bath. It is preferred to maintain a temperature a few degreesbelow the boiling point of the respectivebaths. The time of treatmentV is less than about one hour,v preferably from 15 minutes to 30 minutes.A The concentration of inorganic material is maintainedbelow about 20%. Concentrations from 12% to 10% are preferred.
The invention is not to be limited by any theory of operation nor by the examples of Vits embodiment which are described herein, but onlylbyrthe following claim. Y
l Y We claim.:
; In the method of improving load-carrying capacity of the finished .surface of a ferrous-al loy machine element which is to be subjected to extreme pressure rubbingv contact, the-iniprovement consisting in chemically treating said surface with a boiling aqueous solution composed essentially of boric acid of approximately 5% concentration for a time period of from about 15 to 30 minutes, then removing the treated surface and drying the same.
v JOHN C. ZIMMER,
ARNOLD J. ,MORWASYA REFERENCES CITED s The following references are of record in the Yfile of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,610,362 Coslett Dec. 14, 1926 2,311,653 Farrington et al. Feb. 23, 1943 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date `394,132 Germany Apr. 14, 1924
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US703277A US2493516A (en) | 1942-12-19 | 1946-10-15 | Chemical surface treatment of ferrous bearing metals |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US46951242A | 1942-12-19 | 1942-12-19 | |
| US703277A US2493516A (en) | 1942-12-19 | 1946-10-15 | Chemical surface treatment of ferrous bearing metals |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2493516A true US2493516A (en) | 1950-01-03 |
Family
ID=27042786
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US703277A Expired - Lifetime US2493516A (en) | 1942-12-19 | 1946-10-15 | Chemical surface treatment of ferrous bearing metals |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2493516A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1033480B (en) * | 1952-11-07 | 1958-07-03 | Walter Eckhoff Dipl Ing | Pickling solution for pickling iron sheets from the enamelling |
| US3398010A (en) * | 1964-08-17 | 1968-08-20 | United States Steel Corp | Masking composition for galvanized metal |
| US5344505A (en) * | 1993-08-16 | 1994-09-06 | Betz Laboratories, Inc. | Non-chromium passivation method and composition for galvanized metal surfaces |
| WO1998023789A1 (en) * | 1996-11-27 | 1998-06-04 | Henkel Corporation | Aqueous composition and process for preparing metal substrate for cold forming |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE394132C (en) * | 1922-07-27 | 1924-04-14 | Paul Lechler Fa | Process to prevent rust in iron |
| US1610362A (en) * | 1925-06-26 | 1926-12-14 | Coslett Thomas Watts | Process for the treatment of iron or steel for preventing oxidation or rusting |
| US2311653A (en) * | 1939-08-07 | 1943-02-23 | Standard Oil Co California | Treatment of frictional surfaces to facilitate wearing-in |
-
1946
- 1946-10-15 US US703277A patent/US2493516A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE394132C (en) * | 1922-07-27 | 1924-04-14 | Paul Lechler Fa | Process to prevent rust in iron |
| US1610362A (en) * | 1925-06-26 | 1926-12-14 | Coslett Thomas Watts | Process for the treatment of iron or steel for preventing oxidation or rusting |
| US2311653A (en) * | 1939-08-07 | 1943-02-23 | Standard Oil Co California | Treatment of frictional surfaces to facilitate wearing-in |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1033480B (en) * | 1952-11-07 | 1958-07-03 | Walter Eckhoff Dipl Ing | Pickling solution for pickling iron sheets from the enamelling |
| US3398010A (en) * | 1964-08-17 | 1968-08-20 | United States Steel Corp | Masking composition for galvanized metal |
| US5344505A (en) * | 1993-08-16 | 1994-09-06 | Betz Laboratories, Inc. | Non-chromium passivation method and composition for galvanized metal surfaces |
| EP0639656A3 (en) * | 1993-08-16 | 1996-02-28 | Betz Europ Inc | Passivation method and composition. |
| WO1998023789A1 (en) * | 1996-11-27 | 1998-06-04 | Henkel Corporation | Aqueous composition and process for preparing metal substrate for cold forming |
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