US2455424A - Perforated combustion tube distillate burner - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 7, 1948. G. 2. LEVINE PERFORATED COMBUSTION TUBE DISTILLATE BURNER 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed May 20, 1947 Dec. 7, 1948. 3 LEVlNE 2,455,424

PERFORATED COMBUSTION TUBE DISTILLATE BURNER Filed May 20. 1947 3 She ets-Sheet 2 g o o o o 0 O 0 O A a 0 o E v o 0 0 0 D r o 0 o 0 o 2 c 0 4 a o o o 0 i O 5 i l a l o o 0 A36 fla i a 55K:

l .llllllllllllllll Dec. 7, 1948. G LE NE PERFORATED COMBUSTION TUBE'DISTILLATE BURNER I5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed May 20, 1947 H llllll IIII awe/542.4514;

Patented Dec. 7, 1948 UNITED STATES PATENT FEM PERFORATED COMBUSTION TUBE DISTILLATE BURNER Application May 20, 1947, Serial No. 749,245

1 Claim. 1

The present invention relates to multiple oil burners and more particularly to improvements in the construction and operation of distillate burners.

In distillate burners in order to insure maximum efficiency and economy of operation, the burner base should be constructed so as not to leak when the oil enters the base, and the base must be capable of withstanding a heat of l500 to 2000 F. Additionally, the vaporizing cover as well as the other parts of the burner should properly fit in order to prevent vapor or gases from leaking. Accordingly, an important object of the invention consists in providing a one-piece steel multiple burner base which is stamped to form concentric wick receiving grooves, and also circumferentially spaced raised portions between the grooves that have elongated air circulating or chimney openings. The space between the raised portions constitutes transverse or radial passages for communicating the inner and outer grooves. The bottom of these passages are positioned below the bottom of the grooves so that the wicking in the grooves will not close the flow of oil thereto.

Heretofore in burners of this type the base has been formed. of grey iron castings. One of the main drawbacks of such cast iron burner bases is their porosity which allows the oil to seep through the bottom of the base. It has been found that when oil is placed in a cast iron burner base the bottom of the base is soon coated with a film of oil regardless of the high quality of the casting. Moreover, unlike pressed steel which is extremely smooth, iron castings have a rough surface into which the carbon bakes making it practically impossible to be removed. There is also a high percentage of breaking in castings due to their brittleness. Another disadvantage is that castings vary in size which leads to a com sequent poor fitting of the perforated shells, the vaporizing cover and the top cover, and thus allows the gas or vapor to escape and be dissipated. Heretofore it has been impossible to make a double wick steel burner base due to the fact that steel cannot be drawn in one piece and still contain an oil inlet which allows the oil to pass from one groove to the other. Making the base of two pieces and welding them together introduces the possibility of leakage through the weld, and because of the intense heat generated, the base soon warps, causing the seam to open. Another factor is that the base is a delicate article and when it has to be welded and then machined for smoothness it makes the cost practically prohibitive. By stamping the steel burner base in accordance with the present invention, leakage is eliminated since the base is of one-piece construction. Further, it will not allow oil to seep through because unlike cast iron, steel is not porous, nor will it carbonize as quickly as cast iron due to its surface smoothness. As the steel bases are stamped, they will be of uniform size and shape, so that the shells, top covers and vaporizing covers will fit properly in position and thus prevent the wasteful escape of gas.

Another disadvantage of a cast iron base burner is that the radial passage or portholes in such a base which communicate the inner and outer wick receiving grooves, are closed thus rendering it difiicult to clean and remove the carbon formed therein. Therefore a further object of the invention consists in providing a removable onepiece vaporizing cover which fits over the chimney and closes the radial passages that communicate the inner and outer wick receiving grooves so as to allow these passages to be easily cleaned. The removable vaporizing cover is provided with spaced depending flanges that mate snugly with the chimney openings and thus preclude the escape of vapor therefrom. Moreover the cover is so shaped and constructed as not to interrupt the position of the wicking or require the flame to jump across a gap.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying claim and drawings.

Referring to the drawings in which are shown several preferred embodiments of the invention:

Figure 1 is a plan view of the improved multiple burner with the vaporizing cover mounted thereon.

Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1 with the vaporizing cover removed.

Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view taken substantially along the line 3--3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a detailed longitudinal sectional view of the cover removed from the burner.

Figure 5 is a sectional view taken substantially along the line 5-5 of Figure 2.

Figure 6 is a sectional view taken substantially along the line 66 of Figure 3.

Figure 7 is a plan View of the burner base associated with an adjustable support, and

Figure 8 is a sectional View taken substantially along the line 8-8 of Figure 7 Referring to the drawings in which like numerals indicate like parts in the several views, it designates the burner base'of a distillate burner,

3 and is stamped from a blank of steel to provide an inner cylindrical wall I and an outer cylindrical wall l2 (Fig. 3), each of which is laterally offset as at |3 to provide a shoulder which terminates in an upwardly extending annular flange l4. The bottom of the base between the inner wall H and the outer wall I2 is stamped circumferentially to form three spaced raised portions |5, l6 and I! (Fig. 2), each of which has an elongated arcuate chimney opening l8 that is enclosed by a flange |9 extending upwardly from the top of its associated segmental portion. The flanges I9 are spaced from the inner and outer sides of the segmental top portions to form ledges or shoulders 29 which align with the shoulders i3 on the inner and outer walls H and I2. The segmental raised portions [5, i6 and il are spaced from the inner and outer walls i and i2 of the burner to form an inner annular groove or channel 2| and a concentric outer groove 22 that receive the burner wicks 23 and 24. These wicks may be made of asbestos or othe suitable non-flammable material. The inner and outer wick receiving grooves 25 and 22 communicate with each other through three spaced transverse or radial passages 25 located between the adjacent segmental portions |5, I6 and I! and stamped from the burner base so that the annular wick receiving grooves 2| and 22 are raised above the bottom of the passages 25 (Fig. 6). A depend-- ing threaded tubular nipple 26 extends down-- wardly and outwardly from the bottom of one of the passages 25 (Fig. 3) so as to constitute means for supplying fuel to the burner base Hi. Additionally, the bottom of the burner base may have connected thereto as at 21 a threaded bolt 28 for detachably securing the burner base to a suitable support, not shown.

An annular one piece cover plate 29 is arranged to be removably mounted on the top of the raised segmental portions |5, H and I1 and is formed with spaced arcuate openings or slots 3|! that register with the chimney openings I8 and are of substantially the same width and length as the chimney openings. The top of the cover plate 29 adjacent each of the openings 33 extends down-- wardly to form flanges 30' (Figure 4) in sealing engagement with the inner sides of the flanges I9 on the raised portions I5, It and |'|,.and which prevent turning of the cover plate relative to the burner. The unperforated portions 3| of the cover between the slots 30 extend over the transverse passages or ports 25 so as to close the same and prevent gas or vapor from escaping upwardly from these passages. The cover 29 also has spaced depending inner and outer flanges 32 and 33 which are arranged to overlap and snugly engage the adjacent flanges I9 of the chimney openings l8 when the burner is assembled. Thus, it will be seen that the cover 29 fits the burner base tightly, and that the flanges 3E3 coact with the flanges 32 and 33 to provide vapor sealing means for preventing escape of the oil gases into the chimney openings or air vents. Four concentric perforated shells or sleeves 34, 35, 35 and 31 (Fig. 3) are arranged to be removably mounted on the burner and have their lower ends supported by the shoulders I3 and 20 and are suitably spaced to form the combustion chambers 38 and 39 which are positioned between the annular air opening 40 that communicates at its lower end with the chimney openings I8 of the burner. A lid 4| having a handle 42 may be removably mounted on the top of the shells and preferably is formed with transversely spaced shoulders 43, 44 and 45 that receive the adjacent ends of the shells so as to retain the latter in a fixed position. When the burner is assembled the uninterrupted spaced annular wicks 23 and 24 fit within the annular grooves 2| and 22 and rest on the bottom of the burner. As the spaced radial passages 25 have their bottoms positioned below the grooves 2| and 22 the portions of the wicks 2| which pass across the radial passages 25 are spaced from the bottom thereof to form a clearance or opening 46 (Fig. 6), so that the wicking will not interrupt or close the free flow of oil to the annular grooves 2| and 22. The flanges l4 and I9 constitute retaining means for maintaining the lower ends of the perforated shells in position. The lid 4| has arcuate openings 41 which register with the openings H3 and 3G so as to allow the flame to issue from the burner. As shown, the diameter of the lid 4| is such as not to cover the top of the outer chamber 38 so that the same communicates with the atmosphere. Within the inner wall H of the burner is provided a central air opening 48 that communicates through the perforated shell 34 with the chamber 39. The one-piece steel distillate burner it will be seen may be emciently and economically used so as to insure complete combustion and maximum heat without wasting or dissipating the fuel and is particularly suited for use in range burners, cooking stoves, water heaters, circulating heaters, radiant heaters and the like.

In operation when the parts of the multiple burner are assembled they will assume the position as shown in Figure 3. Fuel such as coal oil or the like enters the bottom of the burner through the supply nipple 26 which communicates with one of the transverse or radial pas-- sages 25 so as to thoroughly soak the wicking. The flame is then applied to the wicking. The burner soon becomes heated and the oil therein distills into a gas and combines with the oxygen of the air circulating through the chimney openings 39, the annular passage 40 and the opening 48 that communicate with the combustionchambers 38 and 39 through the perforations in the shells 35 and 35, so as to intimately mix with the gas and form a blue flame.

The width and depth of each of the three transverse passages'or portholes 25 is such as to allow an even and fast distribution of the oil to the inner and outer wick receiving grooves 2! and 22. Should for any reason one of the passages 25 become clogged because of carbonization, oil will be distributed to the grooves through the remaining opening passages. The elongated chimney openings l8 insure a proper amount of air to circulate from the bottom of the burner into the air passage 40 thus resulting in proper combustion and maximum heat. The annular grooves 2| and 22 are sufficiently wide as to permit easy insertion of the wicks 23 and 24 and the free flow of oil. As the bottom of the passages 25 are lower than the bottom of the annular grooves 2| and 22 the wicks will not close these passages but rather will form the space 46 (Fig. 6) so as to allow the oil to be delivered uninterruptedly to the grooves. The removable cover 29 rests on top of the segmental raised portions |5, I6 and ll and the opening 30 therein register with the chimney openings I8 and the unperforated portions 29 of the cover extend over and close the top of the transverse passages 25 so as to prevent vapor from escaping from these passages. It will be noted that the cover is circular and does not have any outwardly extending portions or ribs which would interrupt the circumferential position of the wicking and the flame and thus require the wick to be made in sections and the flame to jump across a gap. The depending flanges 32 and 33 of the cover snugly engage the flanges it of the elongated chimney openings it in order to prevent the escape of vapor and the release of objectionable odors and streaky flames. The cover 29 is readily removable so as to permit convenient access to the burner base to clean the same.

Thus it will be seen that simple, efficient and positive means are provided which includes a multiple burner having a one-piece steel base stamped to form the wick receiving grooves, air chimneys and transverse fuel supply passages, so as to insure a uniform distribution of the oil to the inner and outer grooves and the wicks therein and in which means are provided for preventing the wicking from closing the oil supply passages. Additionally, a removable onepiece cover is associated with the burner base so as to facilitate cleaning and prevent the escape of vapors from the burner. The area of the chimney openings I8 is such as to insure a sufficient circulation of air which upon mixture with the gases produces a proper combustion and maximum heat. As the removable cover 29 rests on top of the segmental raised portions l5, l5 and I! so that the flanges 32 and 33 snugly engage the adjacent flanges IQ of the chimney openings, means are provided for preventing the escape of vapor and insure the flame issuing from the grooves and through the perforated shells and the spacing in the lid 51 without danger of any vapor leaking out or being dissipated.

In Figures 7 and 8 there is shown a support for the burner base H] which preferably includes a pedestal 49 that may be in the form of a steel pipe or the like, that extends upwardly from the floor or other supporting base member. A substantially L-shaped bracket or member 55 is interposed between the pedestal 49 and the bottom of the burner base Ill. The bracket member 50 has a depending tubular portion or sleeve 5! that is arranged to rotatably receive the upper end portion of the standard 49 and may be secured thereto in any desired rotatable position by the set screw 52. A flat horizontal portion or arm 53 extends inwardly from the top of the tubular portion 51 of the bracket member and has an elongated slot 54. To the underside of the burner base In is secured a mounting plate or strap 55 that may be welded as at 55 to the bottom of the base IE! and has a portion 51 extending diameterically across the center of the opening 48. The plate 55 adjacent the center of the opening 68 has an aperture 53 arranged to register with the elongated opening 54 in the arm 53, and a threaded clamping bolt 59 extends through the aperture 58 and the slot 54 and is secured thereto by the nut 60. The standard 49 is oifset relative to the center of the burner base and preferably is positioned as shown in Figure 8 so that it will not interfere with the free circulation of the air through the opening 48. The tubular portion 5| of the bracket 50 is rotatably mounted on the standard 49 so that the burner may be moved in any desired horizontal position by the actuation of the set screw 52. The plate 55 is adjustably connected to the arm 53 substantially centrally of the burner base so as to impart the desired rigidity to the burner installation when the parts are set up. Thus it will be seen that the burner base may be adjusted horizontally relative to the pedestal 49 through the set screw 52 and laterally relative to the pedestal through the bolt 55 and the elongated slot 5 8 in the arm 53.

It is to be understood that the forms of the invention shown and described are merely illustrative of preferred embodiments and that such changes may be made as fall within the purview of one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claim.

I claim:

A distillate multiple burner including a one piece stamped steel base having a central opening and provided with inner and outer annular walls extending upwardly therefrom, said, walls having laterally offset aligned shoulders and terminating in upwardly extending annular flanges, the bottom of the base between the inner and outer walls having circumferentially spaced raised arcuate portions provided with elongated chimney openings, each of said openings being enclosed by an upwardly extending flange spaced from the opposite sides of the top of its raised portion to form supporting shoulders in horizontal alignment with the shoulders on the inner and outer walls, said raised portions being spaced from the inner and outer walls to form with the bottom of the burner an inner annular groove and a concentric outer groove, the space between adjacent raised portions forming radial passages for communicating the inner and outer grooves with each other, the bottom of said radial passages being depressed to be positioned below the bottom of the grooves, wicks in said grooves and spaced from the bottom of said passages to allow the free flow of oil from the passages into the grooves, a removable cover plate spaced from said inner and outer annular walls and having spaced depending flanges overlapping and in vapor sealing engagement with the flanges on said raised portions, said plate extending over said radial passages to prevent escape of vapor therefrom and having arcuate slots provided with depending flanges in vapor sealing engagement with the inner side walls of said chimney openings, means for supplying oil to said base, and concentric spaced perforated shells mounted on said shoulders so as to be firmly supported to the base.

GABRIEL Z. LEVINE.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,832,938 Leach Nov. 24, 1931 2,032,332 Sherman Feb. 25, 1936 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 110,469 Australia May 9, 1940

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