US2453639A - Internal-combustion engine with double-acting crosshead scavenge pump - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 9, 1948. f/ o. IEE-rnsE-:N 2,453Q639 INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH DOUBLE ACTING GROS SHEAD SGAVENGE lPUMP 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filedl Sept. 7, 1945 1] FIL 4 ,5 v Iva. $135.5

Yo. PETERsl-:N MBUS Nov. 9, 1948, 2,453,639 7 Y vINflERmaL-co TIoN ENGINE WITH DOUBLE Y ACTING CROSSHEAD SCAVENGE PUMP Filed Sept. 7, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 l Patented Nou. 9,` 11948 iran sfmrlzsA il PATENT-1* oil-FFICE ltrrlnaitfutLecoMnUs'rIoNl ENGINEWITH" DOUBLE-Ammo cRossHEAD f SCAV-- ENGE PUMP" Ove Petersen; Gentofte, near Copenhagen,

t Denmark i t i Application September 7, 1945," Serial No.6141,926"

In Denmark Januaryf'l; 1944f-` f i sec-rioni, Public Law sea-August $19461 i Patent expires January 7, 19.64 tt;

silently the very considerable drawback thatthe clearance in the lower end of the pump becomes very large, so' that the efficiencyof the lower pumping chamber becomes very small. The known construction furthermore has the drawback of being inapplicable in a modernDiesel engine with forced lubrication, as it 4will entail a very large waste of lubrication-oil;

The purpose of this invention is to remedy the said drawbacksin engines with a cylindrical crosshead guide which forms ya pumping cylinder, whichcontains the upper pumping chamber` ofy the pump. The feature that is first and foremost peculiar to the invention is that `theicylindrcalA crosshead guide, or in other words the pumping cylindenbesides containing the upper pumping: chamber of the pump, contains furthermore :the lower pumping chamber of` the pump, which is piston in the pump.`

e claims.` (ci. 12a-e2) which is sepnatect;from the cranky-"case by a dividingywall made as suchV a movable" slide plate.` The said'lowerzpart ofthe cylinder space for-ms. the pumpingchamber in a single-acting.charging pumpe. l u

The engine'in accordance with the invention` offers l, advantages through simple` construction and simpleaandgood modeofioperatiom A t It the engine: isfsingle-acting` the` double-acting` crossheadescavenge 1 pump `oers the l advantage that the diameter of the pumping piston will be smallerfthantwould be the case,- if the pump was single-lacting.-l The {crossheadwill consequently. becomelighter, andthe mass .forces smallen. If

the compressed air fromdooth ends of ttheipump fis` ledgto-,a mutual pressure. air lpipe, armere uni` form` supplyzofair to the latter isy attainedthan.`

in azsingle-acting crosshead-scavengelpumptv, l l

` In `double-acting,engines a 4uniforinair` supply toi-the `two* `cylinder endsist.` likewise" attained-,f as `the air which isicompressed on onesdeotthe pistonotthe pumpmay beleddirect-to `onecylin-` oler-pend, e.- either'lthe-upper on the lower werke ing space of the cylinder, whileythe other working,

r space issupplied with the air lwhich is. compressed onfthe other sideof:thefpumpnpistomv .l i z BesidesL relating ,toa a w.lcylindrical` crossheatl` guide or ampumping@cylinderA `withpumping` l chambers with-small,y clearanoestat both-f ends, the

separated from the crank case by" a dividingf wall-preferably a slide plate (in German: Kulisse) movable in ay horizontal `guide and actuated by the connecting rodthrough `which inaiway known perse the connectingfrodI isfcare:

fiedair-tight, andwhichpermits thefconnecting i rod to make its oscillating motion.;

On, account of the lowerpumping4 chamber icing: separated from the'crankl` case byysaid lividing wall, the pump-may be constructedwithL very small clearance alsolin thelower pumping shamber. The eciency intheytwo ends of the )ump l may therefore become equally good.

A `slide plate movable in alhorizontal guide,- hrough which slide platethe connecting rod wis. :arriedair-.tighu is known from `single-actingY etrolengines in. which the cylinder space under` he working piston forms a pumping chamber,

invention furthermore-,relatestto variousuparticu-f lars; in `theengine with double-acting,crossheade scavengepumphere referredfto; p i o `Int theffaccompanyingpdrawingfrFigure;1 is a,

Vertical` ,-centralfsection` fthroughf la ldouble-actin'g i internal `combustion engine with a doublefacting; crosshead-scavenge pump in accordance withlt'he invention.-` Figure@ is: anenlargecl fragmentary detailqinfelevation showing the means foractuat* ingJ theflower Vexhaust valve ofithe .engine fcyline dem Figure L 3 l is. atsectionalA` View italien,` ataright angles-tol'igure=2i t Referringrjtof` *.the-fdrawing-ein: i detailA i i" is; the upper cylinder end of\itheredouble-acting;engine, and Zethe `:lower` cylinderffend. t Thetipiston is iournak` offra crank onwtheecrank shaftfr: .The t cylindrical crosshead guide or the pumpingl cylinder in the double-acting crosshead-scavenge pump is designated by 9, and the upper and lower suction valves or valve discs of the latter by ||l and while the corresponding outlet valves or valve discs are designated by I2 and I3. The pressure air pipe |4 of the pump is in the embodiment shown mutual to both ends of the pump and delivers the pressure air to one or more scavenge ports l5- controlled by the piston 3, which ports arelikewise mutual to the two cylinder ends and 2.

The engine shown works with axial scavenging (i. e. scavenging in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder) at both ends and has exhaust disc valves i6 and l1 at top and bottom. The valve l5 is an ordinary disc valve, whereas the valve ll is tubular and encloses the piston rod 4. The i exhaust valve i6 in the upper cylinder end is closed by one or more springs I8 and is actuated for opening by means of a lever |9, which through a vertical rod is moved by a cam 2| on a control shaft 22. The exhaust valve in the lower cylinder end 2 is shown open. It is actuated for opening from the cam 2| through a vertical rod 23, which turns a preferably fork-shaped lever 24, l

which through two arms 25, actuates the valve I7. Below at either side of the piston rod 4 the valve I'l has a downwards-directed projection 30 in which there is a hole for a bolt 3|. Correspondingly there are at the ends of the two fork branches 32 of the lever 24 two holes for bolts 33. The bolts 3| and 33 secure the two connection arms 25. The said arms consist as shown in Fig. 3 separately of two connection links 34 secured by the bolts 3| and 33. :This is actuated for closing by one or more springs 26. The purnpf ing cylinder 9 in the crosshead pump is closed above by a cover 2l and below by aslide plate 28 movable in a horizontal guide,v which slide plate is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 6 and is moved from the latter.

In the double-acting engine shown on the drawing the top or top cover 21 of the pump is so separated from the bottom cover of the work' ing cylinder or the corresponding part, that in the bottom cover or part there may be fitted one or more valves, e. g. an exhaust valve l1, which in a way known per se is together with an exhaust valve |16 in the cylinder top controlled from a mutual control shaft 22.

In the embodiment shown is used axial scavenging away from the piston in both cylinder ends, but this is not necessary. Instead axial scavenging may be used down towards the piston at both ends, and the valves I6 and Il will then i be inlet valves, while the ports |5 become exhaust ports. The said ports l5 may both as inlet and exhaust ports be substituted by a single port or e. g. by two rows of ports situated above each other. Instead of a single inlet or exhaust valve there may at each cylinder end be used several valves. y

A double-acting engine in accordance with the invention may also be constructed with transverse or return scavenging either at bothcylinder ends or with axial scavenging at one cylinder end, e. g. the upper or the lower end, and withtrans` verse or return scavenging or a similar scavenging at the other cylinder end.

Dependent on the engine being built in one way or the other, there is either as shown on the drawing used a single pressure air pipe |4 mutual to both ends of the pump, or separate pressure air pipes from each of the ends of the pump'to the upper and lower cylinder ends I and 2 in the 4 engine, due regard being paid to attain a uniform supply of air to the pressure air pipe or pipes and the cylinder ends respectively. p

The invention is not limited to double-acting engines, but comprises also single-acting engines with double-acting crosshead-scavenge pumps'. In a single-acting engine there may also be used one or more piston-controlled scavenge ports in combination with an exhaust disc valve similar to the valve i6 on the drawing, so that the singleacting engine is mainly made to correspond to the double-acting engine shown on the drawing, when the lower cylinder end of the latter is out of the way. By leading the pressure air from lboth ends of the pump to a mutual pressure air pipe, a more uniform supply of air to the latter is attained than in a single-acting crosshead-scavenge pump.

A single-acting engine in accordance with the invention may also be made with axial scavenging down towards or away from the piston, or

with transverse or return scavenging, just as y explained with regard to a double acting engine.

In a single-acting engine there may also be used one or' more piston-controlled ports and one or more disc valves.

In accordance with the invention especially a doubleacting engine may be made so as'to be simple of construction and -of a small building height. Cam-controlled inlet or exhaust valves are advantageously used in both covers or the corresponding parts of the cylinder, and pistoncontrolled ports at the middle of the latter. The engine requires no special camshaft 22, as the valve' control e. g. may be effected from the crank shaft.

I claim:

I. In an internal combustion engine, an engine cylinder, a piston in the cylinder and having a piston rod, a pumping cylinder, a pump piston in the pump cylinder and connected with saidy rod, said pump piston and pump cylinder form-` ing, respectively, a crosshead andguide and the pump cylinder having a pumping chamber on each side of the pump piston, a crank shaft, a connecting rod connecting the pump piston with the crank shaft, and a partition member receiving and participating in the oscillatory movement of the connecting rod and forming a closure for the adjacent end of the pump cylinder.

2. An 'internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 provided with a rotatable member forming a-fluid tightjoint between the connecting rod and the partition member.

3. An internal combustion -engine as claimed in claim 1 provided guides movably receiving said partition member.

"4. An internal combustion engine asclaimed in claim 1 provided with exhaust valves in the opposite ends of the engine cylinder, and actuating means common to the several valves.

5. An internal combustion engine as claimed. in claim 1 wherein the two pumping chambers of the' pump cylinder are of substantially the same volumetric capacity. i

` `6. In an internal combustion engine, an engine cylinder, a piston in the cylinder and having a piston rod, a pumping cylinder, a pumppiston in the pump cylinder and connected with said rod, said pump piston and `pump cylinder forming, respectively, a crosshead and guide and the pump cylinder having a pump'chamber on each side of the pump piston, the two pumping chambers of the pump cylinder having substantially the same volumetric capacity, a crank shaft,` a

` connecting rod connecting the Apump piston with OW?. PETERSEN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

Number Number UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Hooper et al. May 21, 1907 Wade Aug. 17, 1908 Peugeot et al June 14, 1910 VanVleck Dec. 31, 1912 Rice Aug. `7, 1923 Elwell Aug. 18,1936 FOREIGN PATENTS Country l Date France 192

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