US2445920A - Combined building structure and heating system - Google Patents

Description

July 27, 1948. A. A. OLSON 2,445,920

COMBINED BUILDING STRUCTURE AND HEATING SYSTEM Filed Feb. 22, 1944 T 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 l0 ARTHUR A. OLSOlN y A. A. OLSON 2,445,920

COMBINED BUILDING STRUCTURE AND HEATING SYSTEM Filed Feb. 22,1944 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 L/ F 24 23 g 25 10 I 25 2a 21 23 I3 ARTHUR A. OLSON Patented July 27, 1948 COMBINEDBUILDING STRUCTUREAND HEATING SYSTEM Arthur A. Olson, Youngstown, Ohio iipplication February 22,19 i4,-Serial'No. 523395 l 1 Claim.

:This inventionrelates to a combined building struct1ire and heating system and more particrularly'tothe art of heating and ventilating the spaces in building structures which are conistructed. without basements orsother' enclosed bottom spaces suitable for the housingof conventional air duct systems.

'A primaryobject of the invention is the provision of an improved building construction of thegeneral type mentioned above whereby definite economies are efiectedin the construction of the building andin the incorporation in the structure of the building of an adequate space heatingand ventilating system. This object is accomplished, in accordance with the invention, by'utilizing, to a greater extent than has heretofore been proposed, certain structural elements of the building as operativeairconfining and directing elements of the heating and ventilatingsys- 'tem.

A further object of the invention is the provision of animp'roved heating and ventilating system for a building enclosure in which definite economics as to space utilization are effected in the-incorporation of the various constituentrele merits o f the heating and ventilating system in the: building structure, in which dampness is eliminated from the floors and lower portions of the-rooms of the basement-less structure,and in @which a uniform distribution of the heating and ventilating air is obtained throughoutthe entire spacesof the rooms of thebuilding.

J'Iheseand other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent'uponconsidera- =;t ionoff the following detailed specification and the accompanying drawing wherein there is disclosed a preferred embodiment of the invention.

In the drawing:

- Figural is a horizontal section through. a com- --bined building structure and heating system constructed according to the principles of the invention;

Figure 2 is a transverse section through the building of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view, on an enlarged scale, of the building of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a fragmentary sectional view showing a detail of the system of Figure 1; and

Figure 5 is a sectional view showing a modified form of detail.

Referring to the drawing, reference numeral It) indicates, in general, the side walls of a building having outside foundation walls II and a roof l2. The building shown is a single story structure -ofmasonry materials and extendinge longitudb having transverselyextending but longitudinally .space fioo'rjoists: l3 and a ceiling structure. I4. Further, the building may "be. provided with a longitudinally extending corridor l5 defined by the spaced longitudinally extending; partition walls It Whichare also spaced inwardly from the outer walls It to define with transversely extending partition walls -I 1 individual enclosures or roomslti on opposite sides of the building.

In constructing the above describedwbuilding I provide a trough-like enclosure is, constructed nally below the space tcbe occupied by the corridor 15. Thus I may cast a bottom wall or floor 29 lofjconcrete and build spaced parallel walls 2! on the floor 20, thearrangement being. such that the walls *2! extend longitudinally below the partitionwall l 6 'of' the corridor l5. and support these partitionwalls. "-Supportedon the outer founda- '-tion-Walls -|I and-on the walls M of the duct it! are; the transversely extending, but longitudinally .spaced 'floor joists l3 and the spacesbetWeen these joists are utilized aspreturn air ducts -in*a.'manner to be hereinafter more fully described; 'For this :purpose the lower edges of l the joists d3 and the spaces therebetween are sheathedover with'suitable material 22 preferably of -an-insulating and moisture resistance character.

"ture. ployed for-this :purpose I preferably terminate 'I provide suitable openingsbetween the lower outerportions of the spaces within the enclosures 18 andthespaces' between thejoists l3 whereby airwmay be withdrawn "from the enclosures l6 at-points spaced along the baseboards which are adjacent the outer walls Not the buildingstruc- While any suitable expedient may be emthe outer edge of theufloor boards 23 which are laid on the joists l3 short of the inner surface of the finished outer wall: was shown more clearly win-Figures- 3; 4.-;.and5. This 'providesan opening extending throughout the entire length of the outer walls of each of the enclosures l8 and I provide a suitable air heating and moving means 30 positioned in a furnace room 3! located below one of the more centrally disposed enclosures l8 and either through suitable duct means, not shown, or through an opening between the main return'duct l9 and the space Within the furnace room the air which is withdrawn from each of the enclosures is directed to the inlet or inlets of the air heating and moving means 30.

The ceiling of the corridor l 5 is furreddown as shown at 32 to provide for the housing of the principal conditioned air distributing duct 33 which, as shown, is provided with a number of branch ducts 34 leading into the enclosures IB through the upper portions of the partition walls I6. The discharge ends of ducts 34 are preferably provided with grills and deflectors as will be understood. Distributing duct 33 is connected with the air outlet of the air heating and moving means 30 by means of a large duct 35.

In operation, air is drawn from the enclosures I8 at a multiplicity of points spaced along the baseboards of the outer walls ll) of the building enclosure while heated or otherwise conditioned air is furnished the enclosures through the ducts 34, the circuit being traceable through passages 25, spaces between the joists I3, duct l9, air conditioning and moving means 30, duct 35, and duct 33 to ducts 34. The return air in passing through the floor structure of the enclosures l8 and immediately under the floor of the corridor l5 maintains these floors warm and dry thus contributing to the comfort and well-being of the occupants. Also the positioning of the main distributing duct in the ceiling of the corridor of the structure and the discharging of th conditioned air into the upper zones of the enclosure [8 not only makes for economical utilization of the space within the structure but also provides a shield against the excessive loss of heat from the air within the enclosure by radiation through the ceiling and roof assembly of the structure.

It should now be apparent that I have provided an improved combined building structure and air heating and ventilating system which accomplishes the objects initially set out. By the use of the invention it is possible to attain the advantages enumerated above without increasing the cost of the building structure and, in fact, the use of the parallel supporting walls 2| and the floor structure as air collecting ducts enhances the soundness and life of the building.

Ilne above specifically described embodiment of the invention should be considered as illustrative only as obviously many changes may be made therein without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. For example, in smaller structures the corridor [5 may extend along one of the outer side walls of the building in which case one of the side Walls of the duct l9 would be provided by an outside foundation wall as will be readily understood. Reference should therefore be had to the appended claims in determining the scope of the invention.

What I claim is:

In a building structure having outer side walls and a corridor formed of spaced partition walls tion walls below said partition walls to provide air duct means between said joists, means providing communication between the lower outer portions of said enclosures and spaces between said'joists at points spaced along said outer walls whereby return air may be drawn from said enclosures into the space between the foundation walls below said partition'walls, and means to conduct air from said last mentioned space to said heating and ventilating air source.

, ARTHURA. OLSON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patentp UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,366,165 Coulston Jan. 18, 1921 1,714,562 Keiser May 28, 1929 1,983,023 Fleisher 1. Dec. 4, 1934 2,107,523 Coe Feb. 8, 1938 2,160,132 Durst May 30, 1939 2,182,686 Young DecQq5, ,1939 2,210,960 Pierre Aug. 13, "1940 2,235,607 Carraway Mar. 18,1941 2,237,831 Jones Apr; 8, 1941 2,277,247 Morse Mar. 24, 1942 2,302,818 Turner N0v.; 24, 1942 2,306,034 Bernhardt 1 Dec. 22, 1942 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 32,761 Switzerland Dec. 26, 1904 615,450

France 'Oct. 11, 1926

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