US2338312A - Stoker - Google Patents

Description

Jain. 4, 1944. i J. 5. BENNETT STOKER Original Filed Dec. 31, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Inventor ph 5. Bennett Jan. 4, 1944. J. s. BENNETT 2,338,312

' STOKER Original Filed Dec. 31, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jbse h s bepnett mm Attorney Patented Jan. 4, 1944 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ican Engineering Company, Philadelphia, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Original application December 31, 1937, Serial No.

182,763. Divided and this application Septemher 3, 1941. Serial No. 409,338

8 Claims.

This application is a division of my co-pending application Ser. No. 182,763, filed on December 31, 1937, now Patent No. 2,257,588, granted September 30, 1941, and the invention herein involved relates to stokers, and more particularly to stokers of the fluid cooled type.

One object of the present invention is to provide a generally improved stoker of the fluid cooled type.

Another object is to provide improved tuyere constructions for stokers of the stated character which not only effectively distribute air for combustion in the fuel bed, but which are so disposed as to be effectively cooled by fluid cooling means, thereby insuring longevity of service.

Other and further objects will become apparent as the description of the invention progresses.

Of the drawings:

Fig, 1 is a longitudinal sectional view taken through one of the retorts of a stoker of the inclined grate, multiple retort, underfeed type, showing the fluid cooling system associated therewith.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of one of the stoker tuyere rows, taken substantially along line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view taken substantially along line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of one of the intermediate tuyere blocks, and

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of one of the clamp blocks for holding the intermediate tuyere blocks in position.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral l indicates a stoker of the inclined grate, multiple retort, under-feed type, consisting of alternately disposed retorts 2, and tuyre rows 3. Fuel from hoppers 4, disposed exteriorly of the front wall 5 of the furnace, is fed to the retorts by feeding rams 6, driven by any suitable power mechanism 1. Fuel is fed along each retort by a series of pushers B to a dead plate 9 disposed at the lower end thereof from which it is fed into an ash pocket Hi disposed at the rearmost end of the stoker. The pushers 8 are reciprocated by any suitable link and lever mechanism indicated generally at H, and operatively connected to the power mechanism 1.

The sides of the retorts are bounded by substantially vertical walls which consist of longitudinally extending side plates l2 and I3 (Figs. 3. and 2) and a series of side tuyre members 35 and G6 are mounted at the upper ends of the said side plates 12 and 13 respectively. Extending longitudinally of each tuyere row 3 are a pair of fluid conducting tubes 20 and 2!. These tubes extend downwardly over the entire length of the stoker, and then are bent downwardly and forwardly, as shown at 22, and'form a portion of the front wall of ash pocket Ill. The lower ends of these tubes terminate in a header 23. The front ends of tubes 20 and 2| are bent upwardly, shown at 24, and extend vertically in close contact with the interior of front wall 5, and terminate at their upper ends in a boiler, not shown. Also extending upwardly from header and lying between each pair of tubes 20 and are one or more tubes 25. These tubes extend in substantially parallel relation with the lower portions of tubes 20 and 2|, and also form a portion of the front wall of ash pocket It until reaching the upper end thereof, when they are bent forwardly so as to extend beneath and in intimate contact with dead plates 9. The forward ends of tubes 25 then terminate in a header 26 disposed beneath the stoker. Header 23 is connected to the boiler by downtake connection 2'6, while header 26 is connected to the boiler by an uptake connection 28. Draft air is supplied to the furnace from a plenum chamber 29 disposed beneath the stoker, which is supplied with air under pressure by any suitable fan or blower mechanism (not shown) through a passage 30. The lower and rearwardly disposed end of the stoker receives air from a sub-plenum chamber l, which communicates with chamber 29 through an opening 32, the size of the latter of which may be regulated by means of a damper 33.

Each tuyere member comprises a vertical portion Bil terminating at its upper end in an offset arcuate portion St, the latter of which engages the outer side of tube 20. The ends of arcuate portion Bl terminate in a pair of extended arcuate portions 82 and 83, each of which having an aperture 84 provided therein. These apertures are adapted to receive studs 85 welded or otherwise secured to tube 20 to prevent lateral movement of tuyere members 65. These studs also act as guides to insure proper contact between tube 29 and arcuate portion 8| during assembly of tuyere members 65 in position. The lower edge 86 of each tuyere member 65 is slightly inclined and engages the correspondingly inclined upper surface of a wedge member 8'1, the lower surface of which rests upon an inwardly extending flange 88 of the side plate 12 of the tuyere chamber. A bolt 953, secured at one end near the upper end of side plate l2, loosely receives wedge 87. The wedge 81 is actuated toward side plate 12 by a nut 9| and washer 92 engaging the threaded inner end of bolt 90. Upon movement of wedge 81 in this manner tuyere member 65 is moved vertically into engagement with tube 20. To assemble a tuyre member Hi5 in position, it is first moved vertically toward tube 2!] after apertures 84 have been brought into alignment with studs 85. Wedge ill is then actuated by nut 9| to further actuate tuyere member 65 to bring the same into intimate contact with tube 28. As shown more particularly in Fig. 3, a series of passages 94 is provided at the sides of vertical portion 80 of each tuyere member so through which draft air may enter the fuel bed.

Each tuyere member 66 is identical in construction with tuyere member 65. Accordingly, a detailed description thereof is unnecessary. Upon reference to Fig. 2, however, it will be noted that the tuyere members 65 are secured to tube 21 by means of studs 85, and the bolt and wedge members 95 and 91, respectively.

As shown more particularly in Figs. 2 and 3, a series of intermediate tuyere blocks I40 are disposed between tubes 29 and 2| Each tuyere blocl: Mil comprises an elon ated body portion Mil which is provided with arcuate surfaces I44 and M5 at the sides thereof, which engage the inner surfaces of the tubes 2!] and 2! respectively. Depending from the lower side of each tuyere blocl: his isa tongue M8, the upper surface I49 of which being inclined and receives the inclined surface it of the tongue 1 5| of clamp block 143. Each clamp block 2433 is provided with arcuate side surfaces ill? and 153 which in assembly engage the lower inner sides of tubes 28 and 2i respectively. Thus, to secure a block I45} in intimate contact with the tubes 24} and 2|, the retaining block hit is moved longitudinally therealong until the tongues l4? and i5! interlock.

To effect a tight joint between block I48 and tubes and Hi, an impact may be given to the clamp block to wedge block l li'l tightly into engagement with the said tubes. Series of grooves l 54- are provided in the arcuate surfaces Mid and M5 of each tuyre block hi6. These grooves form a series of passages between blocks hit and tubes 26 and 2!, through which draft air may pass to the fuel bed.

From the foregoing description it is seen that a simplified, as well as highly efficient tuyere construction has been provided. The tuyere blocks are so constructed that a relatively large area thereof is iii-intimate contact with the tubes 26 and and consequently they are maintained cool during all conditions of operation. This insures longevity of service. The tuyeres are also so constructed that draft air is properly distributed to the overlying fuel bed.

While the embodiment herein shown and described is admirablyadapted to fulfill the objects primarily stated, it is understood that it is not intended to limit the invention thereto, since it may be embodied in other forms, all coming within the scope of claims which follow.

What is claimed is:

l. A furnace tuyere structure comprising, a pair of longitudinally extending tubes disposed in spaced, substantially parallel relation, one or more tuyere blocks disposed between said tubes, said tuyere blocks comprising an elongated body portion having arcuate surfaces at the sides thereof adapted to engage the inner surfaces of said tubes, clamp blocks for said tuyere blocks, said tuyere blocks and clamp blocks having interlockingmeans provided thereon, so constructed that when said blocks are moved relative to each other they are brought into intimate contact with said tubes and held in said position, a pair of spaced side plates, a row of side tuyre blocks disposed between one of said tubes and one of said side plates, and a second row of side tuyere blocks disposed between the other of said tubes and the other of said side plates.

2. A tuyere structure for stoker furnaces comprising a plurality of tubes disposed in spaced, substantially parallel relation, tuyere blocks disposed between said tubes, each of said tuyere blocks comprising a body portion having arcuate surfaces at the sides thereof adapted to engage the inner surfaces of said tubes, a hook depending from each of said tuyre blocks, a clamp block for each of said tuyere blocks adapted to fit against the bottoms of said tubes, hook means provided on each of said clamp blocks adapted to engage the corresponding hooks on the tuyre blocks, said hooks having inclined surfaces whereby upon movement of said books into interlocking position a wedging action is produced causing said tuyere blocks and clamp blocks to move into intimate contact with said tubes.

3. A furnace tuyere block comprising a substantially elongated body portion and a hook depending from said body portion adapted to engage retaining means for holding said tuyere block in position, said body portion having a sub stantially arcuate upper fuel supporting surface and substantially arcuate surfaces at the sides thereof adapted to engage fluid conducting tubes, and said side portions of said tuyere block having a series of grooves provided therein through which draft air may pass.

4. A furnace stoker, comprising alternately disposed retorts and tuyre rows, each of said tuyre rows consisting of a pair of spaced Walls, a tuyere assembly mounted on said walls, said tuyre assembly comprising a pair of longitudinally extending tubes, a row of intermediate tuyre blocks disposed between said tubes, each of said intermediate :tuyre blocks having a pair of arcuate faces adapted to engage the inner sides of said tubes, a clamp block for each of said tuyre blocks, said tuyere blocks and clamp blocks having interlocking means provided thereon so cons ructed that when said blocks are moved relative to each other they are brought into intimate contact with said tubes, a row of side tuyre blocks disposed between one of said tubes and one of said side walls, and a second row of side tuyre blocks disposed between the other of said tubes and the other of said side walls.

5, A furnace Stoker, comprising alternately disposed retorts and tuyere rows, each of said tuyere rows consisting of a pair of spaced walls, a tuyre assembly mounted on said walls, said tuyere assembly comprising a pair of longitudinally extending tubes, 2. row of intermediate tuyere blocks disposed between said tubes, each of said intermediate ,tuyere blocks having a pair of arcuate faces adapted to engage the inner sides of said tubes, a clamp block for each of said tuyere blocks for drawing the latter into intimate contact with said tubes, each of said clamp blocks Comprising a pair of arcuate faces adapted to engage said tubes, and interlocking means between said tuyere blocks and clamp blocks, whereby longitudinal movement of the latter effects movement of said tuyre blocks into intimate contact with said tubes, a row of side tuyre blocks disposed between one of said tubes and one of said side walls, and a second row of side tuyere blocks disposed between the other of said tubes and the other of said side walls.

6. A furnace stoker, comprising alternately disposed retorts and tuyre rows, each of said tuyere rows consisting of a pair of spaced walls, a tuyere assembly mounted on said walls, said tuyre assembly comprising a pair of longitudinally extending tubes, a row of intermediate tuyere blocks disposed between said tubes, each of said intermediate tuyere blocks having a pair of arcuate faces adapted to engage the inner sides of said tubes, a clamp block for each of said tuyre blocks for drawing the latter into intimate contact with said tubes, a tongue depending from each of said tuyere blocks adapted to be engaged by a corresponding tongue on said clam'p block whereby when the latter is moved toward locking position said tuyre block is drawn into intimate contact with said tubes, a row of side tuyere blocks disposed between one of said tubes and one of said side walls, and a second row of side tuyere blocks disposed between the other of said tubes and the other of said side walls.

7. A tuyere structure for stoker furnaces comprising, a plurality of tubes disposed in spaced, substantially parallel relation, tuyere blocks disposed between said tubes, each of said tuyere blocks comprising a body portion having arcuate surfaces at the sides thereof adapted to engage the inner surfaces of said tubes, and the said arcuate surfaces on said blocks having grooves provided therein providing passages for draft air when said blocks are assembled on the tubes, a

hook depending from each of said tuyere blocks, a clamp block for each of said tuyere blocks, hook means provided on each of said clamp blocks adapted to engage the corresponding hooks on said tuyere blocks, said hooks having inclined surfaces whereby upon relative movement of said tuyre blocks and clamping blocks the said blocks are urged into intimate contact with said tubes.

8. A tuyre structure for stoker furnaces comprising a pair of tubes disposed in spaced, substantially parallel relation, tuyere blocks disposed between said tubes, each of said tuyere blocks comprising a body portion having arcuate surfaces at the sides thereof adapted to engage the inner surfaces of said tubes, and the said arcuate surfaces on said blocks having grooves provided therein providing passages for draft air when said blocks are assembled on the tubes, a hook depending from each of said tuyre blocks, a clamp block for each of said tuyere blocks, hook means provided on each of said clamp blocks adapted to engage the corresponding hooks onv said tuyre blocks, said hooks having inclined surfaces whereby upon relative movement of said tuyre blocks and clamping blocks the said blocks are urged into intimate contact with said tubes, a pair of spaced side plates defining a tuyre chamber beneath said tubes, one or more side tuyere blocks disposed between one of said tubes and one of said side plates, and one or more side tuyere blocks disposed between the other of said I tubes and the other of said side plates.

JOSEPH s. BENNETT.

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