US2337035A - Telegraphic system and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 21, 1943. A. D. EITZEN TELEGRAPHIC SYSTEM AND APPARATUS Filed May 24, 1938 15 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR.

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Dec. 21, 1943.

A. D. EITZEN I TELEGRAPHIC SYSTEM AND APPARATUS Filed May 24, 1938 15 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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Dec. 21,1943. ElTzEN 2,337,035

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BY vz umk Dec. 21, 1943. A; D. EITZEN TELEGRAPHIC SYSTEM AND APBARATUS Filed May 24, 1938 15 Sheefis-Sheet 4 INVENT OR.

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Dec. 21, 1943. A. D. ElTZEN 4 2,337,035-

TELEGRAPHIG SYSTEM AND APPARATUS I Filed May 24, 1958 .15 Sheets-Sheet 5 F/GJZ FIG. /.5

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15 Sheets-Sheet 6 Dec. 21', 1943. A. D. EITZEN TELEGRAPH IO SYSTEM AND APPARATUS Fileq May 24, 1938 15 Sheets-Sheet '7 INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY Dec. 21, 1943. A.-D. EITZEN TELEGRAPHIC SYSTEM AND APPARATUS 15 Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed May 24, 1958 FIG 23 W INVENTOR.

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Dec. 21, 1943. A. D. EITZEN TELEGRAPHIC SYSTEM AND, APPARATUS l5 Sheets-Sheet 9 Filed May 24, 1938 INVENT OR.

ATTORNEY.

Dec. 21, 1943.

A. D. E ITZEN TELEGRAPHIC SYSTEM AND APPARATUS Filed May 24, 1958 15 Sheets-Sheet 10 ATTORNEY.

WIFE-20955 V Wm 6x1 fi Z INVEBTTOR,

Dec. 21, 1943. A. D. EITZEN TELEGRAPHIC SYSTEM AND APPARATUS l5 Sheets-Sheet 15 Filed- May 24, 1938 m2. zazmwwdwh v as ATTORNEY.

Dec. 21, 1943. A. D. EITZEN TELEGRAPHIC SYSTEM AND APPARATUS Filed May 24, 1938 15 Sheets-Sheet 14 xuwzisi mhm im m. 2:;

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Dec. 21, 1943. A. D. EITZEN TELEGRAPHIC SYSTEM AND APPARATUS l5 Sheets-Sheet 15 Filed May 24, 1938 FIG-42 I ATTORNEY.

Patented Dec. 21, 1943 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE TELEGRAPHIC SYSTEM AND APPARATUS August D. Eitzen, Rockville Centre, N. Y.

Application May 24. 1938, Serial N 0. 209,641

2-3 Claims.

The present invention relates to apparatus for making manifest information or news which it is desired to impart, and which is especially adapted to receive and exhibit news or information transmitted over a telegraphic system, although it is capable of other uses.

In the Well known printing telegraph or ticker system of receiving and manifesting stock quotations and the like or other news or messages, a printing Wheel, controlled in accordance with the transmitted telegraphic code, prints upon a sheet or tape of paper which can be viewed by those interested upon directing their attention to it. It will be apparent, however, that the number of persons who can directly View the sheet or tape is limited. It has been attempted to convey the information of the notations on the paper sheet or tape to a larger number of persons by light projecting the images of-such notations upon a screen or wall, the images being enlarged if desired.

The projection method has, however, limitations and disadvantages of which may be mentioned that only about five inches of tape can be enlarged in the usual sized ofiice. If space permits, the practice has been to still further magnify the five inches of tape at the expense of the light intensity. The legality of theprinted characters diminishes as they are enlarged by projection due to a washing out of the pigment on the tape. This loss of contrast or visibility almost entirely ofisets the advantages of further enlargement. It is also required that the projectors be located in semi-darkened rooms. As for Well-known reasons a light projected image is not suitable for use in strongly lighted offices. The utility of the projectors is also very much impaired by the tempermentality of the special light transmitting tapes and the variations and pollution of the inks used on the ticker. These materials become antagonistic to one another under certain Weather conditions. The result is an unsatisfactory copy. In humid Weather the ink runs together and drips from the type wheel (which also is an objection to the usual ticker tape which is directly observed). In dry, hot weather the printed characters may hardly be visible at all (this also is an objection to the directly observed ticker tape). These short comings are, of course, very much amplified in the projected image on the screen. The ordinary paper tape is not sensitive to the weather and even though the ink may vary it is still possible to see the printing. The tape-is of a highly absorbent nature, whereas the light transmitting tape is highly glazed and not easily penetrated by the ink. The amount of light available is also limited by that obtained from the filament of an incandescent lamp. There is also a definite eye strain attendant upon the projection method. This is caused by the glare of, the light and bythe twitching of the image in its movement on the screen. Many attempts have been made to diminish the twitching of the tape at the projector aperture or Window, but some irregularities always remain and are then magnified'on the projection screen.

It is the main object of the present invention to provide apparatus of the character asindicated which shall avoid the disadvantages as indicated and provide an efficient and accurate machine to accomplish the results as referred to.

Another object of the invention is to provide anintelligence disseminating device operated directly from and forminga part of a telegraph system, for large group observation.

A further object of the invention is to provide a telegraphic code translator receiver tointerpret code signals in a legible manner without the use of recording tape, ink or the printing function, thus making unnecessary the constant service of taping and inking a printer.

A further object of the invention is to provide a means for receiving telegraphic messages,

suitable for group observation, of unlimited length and size.

A further object of the invention is to provide devices for the reception of telegraphic messages, which in turn are legibly interpreted in a size readable from considerable distances without the use of an enlarging projector or any optical system, operated at a speed equivalent to a'transmission speed.

A further object of the invention is to provide a telegraphic receiving instrument that translates a received message in duplicate, quadruplicate or any multiple thereof from a single incoming pair of wires or single" telegraph line, to be read simultaneously in difierent rooms in the same ofiice or building and each bearing the same message or legend andalso using a single machine if desired.

A further object of the invention is to provide a device having prepared characters stored in magazines so that a readable messagecan be assembled in response to telegraphic impulse codes upon a suitable conveyor such as a belt' for the purpose of transporting themes'sage into an observation area to be read, 'the'prepared' characters after having passed the observation area the message can be read at a distance with a minimum enlargement. V

A further object of the invention is a method of forming messages from telegraphic impulses in a novel manner which may be described as follows:

The effects of the received electrical impulses are stored in a pin storage disk aftera selection and transfer operation by a distributor; thus forming a mechanical equivalent of the character codes sent. The following code characters sent.

are received and transferred to the storage disk in their proper sequence. The storage disk is geared to and moves with the same angular velocity as the conveyor belt and the instant the character has been transferred and while both disk and belt are in motion ardefinite character space has been reserved on the conveyor belt. When this reserved space arrives at a point, in its travel, where thecorresponding mechanically stored characteris the same as the character in the magazine at this point, an electro-magnetic trigger instantly causes the proper character to be placed in its proper position upon the belt. This method provides a plurality of transfer points operating in complete independence of each other. Thi is in contradistinction to a printing telegraph where all desired characters to be printed must first be brought in line with a single transfer point, or printing position, to be applied to an intelligence bearing medium, such as paper tape. Obviously a typewheel to produce characters of large dimensions would be so heavy and ponderous that fast transmission would be impossible to say nothing of the tape expense necessary to the printing of large characters.

A further object of the invention is to provide a machine for the display of telegraphic messages of a size to be viewed by a large audience, such as the display of stock exchange quotations, which will require a minimum of service attention over long periods of time. The present method for such large sized displays, namely the projected tape method, requires a man to service the ticker.and also a man to service the projector. This divided responsibility does not always work to the advantage of the user of the machines. 'In actual practice there have even been instances of sabotage of one man against another or of a state of complete indifference on the part of one of the service men, resulting in poor service to the users of the apparatus. The nature and features of the present invention are such that this constant attention is not required. One man only isneeded to service the machine and then only at long intervals and not during buisness hours, which is of great advantage, and the fact thatonly one man is required fixes the responsibility for any defective service. v

'A further object of the invention is to provide a means in combination with a printing telegraph ofeither a step-by-step or permutation type printing telegraphic receiver, to apply thereceived impulses simultaneously upon the beltcoordinated message storage disk, while printing the usual record copy on paper tape. This provides open exhibition of the communication tofla large number of persons and at the same time produces a record copy for record purposes. An additional advantage resides in the fact that increased and diversified exhibition of the messages is secured with no increase in the telegraphic circuits required whereby a substantial money saving is realized.

A further object of the invention is to provide a device which, although it may form no part whatever of a telegraphic system will convert characters on a tape or other medium to code signals such as those of the Baudot code and impress them upon a conveyor co-ordinated storage disk, for the purpose of producing messages in large sized type to be read by large crowds.

, This device is capable of discerning the identity of characters presented to it and of sending a predetermined selected code corresponding to each such character. This device can also be used to perforate a tape to be used to re-transmit telegraphic messages on individual or local telegraph distribution systems. Y

A further object of the invention is to provide improved methods for displaying information or messages.

Other and ancillary objects of the invention will appear hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate the invention I Fig. 1 is a top plan view of the machine, the casing being shown in section and. certain of the parts being broken away;

7 Fig. 2 Ba side elevation of the apparatus of Fig. 1;

Fig. 1a is similar to Fig. 1, but on an enlarged scale, showing more in detail the apparatus at one end of the device;

v Fig. 2a is a side elevation of the apparatus of Fig. 1a being a similar view to Fig. 2;

Fig. 3 is a top plan view in linear development of a row of character plate magazines, partly broken away to show a section through the means for assorting the character plates and directing them into their proper magazines;

Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the apparatus of Fig. 3 showing the character plate assorting means;

Fig.5- is an end view, partly broken away, of the'magazines for the character plates and the assorting means therefor;

- Fig. 6 is a perspective view, partly broken away to show the means for moving the character plates removed from the display belt along the magazines and assorting them so that each will be guided into its proper magazine;

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary view, taken at a section transversely of the retriever belt showing the relation of the retriever belt to a character plate moved by it;

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a character plate; Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a modified form of character plate;

Fig. 10 is an elevational view of a character plate magazine, viewed from the front, that is, the end adjacent the display belt;

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary view in side elevation of the plate release, control magnet and connected levers;

Fig. 12 is a top magazine;

Fig. 13 is an enlarged fragmentary view, taken across the operating belt for the character plate transferring mechanism; I iFig. 14 is,a side'elevation of the character plate magazine shown in Fig. 12; V I

plan view of a character plate Fig. 14a is. a. fragmentary view, in perspective, of the means, for guiding the claw plates for moving the character plates forward;

Fig. is a bottom plan view of the character plate magazine as shown in. Figs. 12 and 14;

Fig. 16 is a section on the 1ine |6-l6 of Fig. 14;

Fig. 17 is a section on the line 11-11 of Fig. 16;

Fig. 18is a section on the line l8|8 of Fig. 17;

Fig. 19. is a side elevation, largely diagrammatic, of the display belt and its operating means;

Fig. 20 is a top plan view, largely in diagram, of the belt for operating the magazine mech anism and its operating means;

Fig. 21 is a side elevation of the apparatus of. Fig. 20;

Fig. 22 is an enlarged fragmentary viewshowing in side elevation the means for operating the magazine mechanism by the. operating belt;

Fig. 23 is an enlarged top plan view, partly broken away, of the mechanism for controlling and operating the sets of pins controlling the application of the character plates to the. display belt;

Fig. 24 is an enlarged. section, partly broken away, on the line 24.24 of Fig. 23;

Fig. 25 is a development of a section taken onthe line 25-45 of Fig. 23;

Fig. 250: is a fragmentary view showing the manner of operation of. the bail for depressing the pins;

Fig. 25b is a fragmentary view showing the manner of operation of the bail for restoring the selector magnets;

Fig. 26 is a Section, on an enlarged scale, on the line Ed -25 of Fig. 23, showing one combination of circuit closing balls and. pins where the circuit is closed to energize a magazine control magnet and release one of the characters against the display belt;

Figs. 27 and 28 are views. similarto Fig. 26 showing different combinations of pins and balls with which the circuit of the magazin control magnet is open;

Fig. 29 is a fragmentary view, on an enlarged scale, showing the contacts controlling the shift of control from one set of character magazines (as letters) to the other set of characters (as numerals);

Fig. 30 is a diagram showing thirty-two different combinations of theflat-sidedv or round balls for the character magazines, thi providing for the use of thirty-two characters;

Fig. 31 is a diagram showing circuits and apparatus for controlling the character plate magazines and related apparatus;

Fig. 32 is a diagram showing the manner of connecting a plurality of sets of display belts, character magazines, etc., for operation from one controlling means;

Fig. 33 is a fragmentary elevatic-nal view showing a modified construction for adjusting the controlling pins;

Fig. 34 is a diagram showing a modification whereby the display devices are operated from the usual printing telegraph ticker;

Fig. 35 is a diagram showing a modification wherein the display apparatus is controlled by photo-electric cells acted upon by printed ticker tape;

Fig. 36 is a section on the line 3333 through the photo-electric device of Fig. 35, on an enlarged scale;

Fig. 37 is a diagrammatic elevational view showing, the relation of concentrated source of. light to. the measuring apertures for the photo-electric cells and a ticker of which theprinted tape is the light controllingmeans Fig. 38'is a graph showing the efiect in the apparatus of Fig. 35, of the bucking coils on the light controlled coils;

Fig. 39 is an end elevation of a centrifugal motor-control as employed with the drivingmotors of Fig. 31;

Fig. 40 is a side elevation of th device of Fig. 39;

Fig. 41 is a view similar to Figs. 25, 27 and 28 but with a row of balls between rows of pins and therefor unacted on by pins;

Figs. 42 and 43 are fragmentary enlarged views showing the relationship of characters printed on the tape to the light measuring windows of the photo-electric cells.

Referring to the drawings, and first to Figs. 1 to 32, inclusive, 39, 4.0 and 41, the apparatus comprises an endless steel belt lit operating as a conveyor for character plates, that is, plates carrying desired characters. (see Figs. 8 and 9) which are attached to the belt by magnetism. These plates are adapted to be applied to the belt in two rows, the upper row being letters and the lower row being numerals, after the manner of the usual ticker tape. At each end of the belt are two circular rows of magazines. In the lower row there is a magazine for each one of the numerals employed, all of the numerals of one kind being in a magazine, and in the upper row of magazines there are as many as the letters employed (together with the punctuation marks or other symbols). All symbols of one kind, as for instance a letter, are in one magazine.

The character bearing plates are seiectively projected from the magazines upon the belt to Which they are secured by magnetic attraction, so as to form the desired notations indicated on the belt as illustrated in Fig. 2. This operation occurring at both ends of the belt, the notations pass, upon one course of the belt, from left to right, and on the other course, from right to left. The same notations may be placed on both of the courses so that the message may be viewed from both sides of the apparatus. The character plates placed on the belt at one end of a course are removed from that course adjacent the opposite end of the belt and pass through an assorting device whereby each character plate is assigned to its appropriate magazine at that end of the belt, in readiness to be again projected from the magazine in its turn in response to the telegraphic code signals received. This operation takes place in relation to both the letter charac ters and the numeral characters. The mechanism is housed in a casing A which may have a soundproof lining B to prevent any sound of operation of the machine from emanating to any annoying extent, and in the sides of the casing are provided the windows C and D through which the notations on the belt may, be viewed, as this belt carries the characters past the windows, such Windows being preferably closed by glass or other suitable transparent material, or left open.

In the apparatus shown the telegraphic message is received from the distant station in the well known Baudot code, such as is used at present for operating the usual stock quotation tickers. Accordin to this code a signal element (corresponding to a character, such as a letter or numeral) consists in a predetermined time interval divided intoa numberof periods (usually eight) and. each signal is distinctively represented by a permutation of plus and/or minus impulses during said interval, there being only one impulse in one ofv said periods and the number, and relative polarities of the impulses depending upon those required to represent the signal according to the code.

.- The apparatus maynow be referred as follows:

'The code messages consisting of plus and/or minus im ulses as stated come in from the transmitting station over the line I and pass through the polarized relay 2 to ground at 3 (see particularly Figs. 24, 25 and 31). When the appropriate polarity of electric impulse passes through the magnet 2 the pivoted contact arm 4 is moved from against its back contact into contact with the forward contact 5. Circuit is then made from the ground at 6 through the battery l, relay contacts 4 and and the conductor 8 to the distributor for suitably distributing the electric impulses of the transmitted character to the selector magnets for creating the proper selective setup to select the desired character for application to the display carrier. The distributor comprises the central circular contact piece 9 and the several contacts ID to ll inclusive, arranged concentric about the contact 9. Concentrically journaled with these contacts 'is the to infdetail rotating contact arm I8 carrying the brushes l9 and 20 engaging respectively with the contact 9 and the several contacts H) to I! inclusive, as the arm is rotated.

, These contacts I0 to I! inclusive, eight in number, corresponding to the usual Baudot code employed for operating tickers wherein the time interval corresponding to a signal is divided into eight periods, an impulse in the first period operating to start the distributor and an impulse in the last period serving to stop the distributor arm, the impulses in the intervening periods indicating the code signals. 7 In the present case the period devoted to stopping the distributor is unnecessary and consequently thecontact I6 is idle, that is unconnected.

The distributor arm I8 is driven by a frictional drive from the motor 46, and the arm I8 is held in its initial position by a pivoted dog 2! springpressed into holding position and moved out of that position by the attraction of the electromagnet 22.

When the arm I8 is in its initial position and the line impulse closes the relay contacts 4 and 5, circuit will be completed from ground at 6 through the contact 9, arm l8, brushes l9 and 20 to segment I! and conductor 23 through magnet 22 to ground at 23. This also operates to energize the magnet 204 whereby the controlling arm for the motor 46 is restored to its initial position as will be hereinafter referred to, and also energizes the electro-magnet 205 whereby the controlling arm 238 for the motor I72 for driving the display carrier or belt, is controlled as will be hereinafter referred to.

When the arm 18 is released from its initial position by the raising of the dog 2! as described, the arm l8 will be turned by the motor 46 and the contacts I0 to [4 inclusive, of the distributor, will be successively connected through the conductors 2'3, 25, 26, El and 23 with the magnets 30 to 34 (see Fig. 31) respectively, for selectively setting the pins according to the received code character, for selecting the proper symbol to be displayed, the circuits of these magnets being respectively completed from the conductors as indicated, through the ground at 35. The contact segment l5'is connected by the conductor 29 with the electromagnet 36.which is the shift magnet for determining whether the character to be projected upon the display belt is to come from a magazine in the upper or letter row or the lower or numeral row, :,It-will beseen that as the arm I8 rotates, in one revolution it will, on leaving the starting contract l1; successively engage the contacts 10, H, I 2, l3 and I4, and the energization of the magnets 30,3l, 32, 33 and 34 will depend upon whether or not an impulse is being received over the line 8 at the time the arm l8is in contact with any particular one of the contacts ID to M inclusive. In other words, the magnets will be energized according to whether or not an impulseis received over the line 8 at the time the distributor arm I 8 is in contact with the contact segment to which the magnet'is connected, andaccordingly the magnets energized will depend upon the number and arrangement of the impulses. The same setup of the magnets 30 to 34 corresponds to a letter in an upper row of magazines and a numeral in a lower row of magazines, the letter or numeral being selected according to whether or not the so-called shift magnet 36 is energized, this depending upon whether an impulse comes over the line 8 when the distributor arm I8 is upon the contact segment l5.

The circuit connections and mechanism operated by the magnets 30 to 34 respectively are similar and therefore are shown (see Fig. 25) in connection with one of the magnets (30) only. It will be observed that the condenser 31 is connected in parallel with the magnet 30 to insure operative energization of the magnet and reduce or prevent arcing at the distributor contacts on breaking the circuit which might be injurious due to the inductive discharge of the magnet. The magnet 30 has an armature 38 pivoted at 39 and at its lower end has pivoted a member 40 sliding in the guide 4|. The impulse through the magnet 30 causes the member 40 to be moved endwise over the head at the top of the plunger 42 after which the member 43 is caused to move downward by the cam 44 (Figs. 24, 25 and 25a) on the shaft 45 upon which the distributor arm I8 is fixed and which is driven from the motor 46 through the friction clutch 41 by the gear 48 meshing with the gear 49 on the motor shaft.

The member 40 having been projected over the plunger 42 and between the plunger and the member 43, when the member 43 is forced downwardly it will, through member 46, force the plunger 42 downwardly until the latch 50 pressed by the spring 5| will engage over the head on the member 42 and hold it in depressed position. If there is no impulse through the magnet 30 the member 48 will remain in the position as shown, so that when the member 43 is depressed as stated it will not operate to depress the plunger 42. Thebail 43 extends along the entire row of magnets 3!] to 36 inclusive over the plungers 42 of which there is one corresponding to each of the magnets, but the descending bail 43 will only depress those plungers of the row which have their corresponding magnets energized as described. A spring 40 corresponding to each of the members 40 supports such member in its elevated position while a spring 42' for each of the plungers 42, supports the plunger in elevated position- There is also a pair of contacts 67 for the radial row of plungers 42 which is closed when any of :theplungers isdepressed and open when all the plungers are elevated for a purpose as will hereinafter appear. When any of the springs "12' is depressed by the depression of its plunger 42, the bars 51, which extends beneath all the springs of a radial row, will be depressed thus closing the contacts 61 as stated.

Carried in the rotating storage disk 52 (Figs. 23 to 28 inclusive and 41 are the radial rows of pins 53 slidably mounted in the disk. A number of pins in a radial row is equal in number to the number of plungers 42 in a radial row, which number corresponds with the number of selector and shift magnets as before described.

Beneath the disk, and extending entirely around it, is the stationary plate or disk 54 having for each circumferential row of pins 53 two channels 55 and55 each adapted to receive the circular, double-wedged-shape in cross section,

heads of the pins 53. These channels are one above the other and extend entirely about the circumference except as will now be noted. The channels end at the Wall 57 (Figs. 23 and 25) of a .recess 58 against the bottom of which all the pins come on emerging from the channels 55 and 55. The pin heads then all travel up the inclined or cam surface 53 to a level where they are in line with the upper channels 55 and travel therein until a recess 65 in the stationary plate is reached.

If a plunger 52 is not depressed the pin 53 passing thereunder will be supported by a spring 6| in passing the recess 35 so that the pin head will pass on into the upper channel 55. If, how-' ever, the plunger 42 is depressed, then the pin-53 on attempting to pass it will be cammed downwardly depressing the spring and causing the head of the pin to enter into the lower channel 56. The pin has now been set for proceeding in depressed position in its travel to complete a revolution until it comes to the ends of the channels as stated. As a depressed pin 53 enters the channel 55 the head of the pin 53 will depress the spring contact arm 52 into contact with the spring contact 53 whereby a circuit will be completed from ground at 54 through the battery 65, contacts 32 and B3, conductor 66, contacts 51 and electro-magnet 53 to ground at 59.

It will be seen that this circuit of the magnet 63 is dependent upon both a. pin 53 and its corresponding plunger 42 being depressed, the former being necessary to close the contacts 62 and 53 and the latter to close the contacts 67. This wipes out each code set-up in the plungers 42 immediately after it has been transferred to a radial row of pins 53 in the rotating disk. This prevents the duplication of the code by instantly retracting the plungers :22 under the action of the springs 52. It will be observed that the magnet 68 is energized as a radial row of.pins 53 passes the recess 55, or transfer point, when the latches for holding the plungers 62 in code transfer'position will be released and the plungers restored for the next incoming code character. The energization of the magnet 38 effects this restoration and Wiping out of the code set-up by attracting its armature l0 pivoted at H against the tension of the spring 72, thereby drawing the arm 73, which is pivoted to the arm 15 at 15, to the left (see Fig. 25.) This movement of the arm 13 causes a like movement of the bar i5 attached thereto, this bar 75 extendin along'the entirerow of plungers 52. The bar 15 will, therefore, come against the tips of the latches corresponding totthe plungers, which will be Withdrawn thereby against the springs 5i and unlatch the plungers 42 which then spring upwardly under the actions of the springs 42'. This restoration of the plungers 42 will occur after a radial row of pins 53 in the rotating disk has passed the recess '60 and the pins have entered their corresponding channels in the disk 54, and conforming to a desired code character, for a revolution of the disk. The entire row of plungers 42 will thus be set in position for actuation by the following code character selected by the magnets as described.

The member 53 for each of the plungers 52 will be simultaneously reset to position to be operated for a new set up by the code energized magnets, by reason of the cam 44' upon the shaft 45 drawing the bail 16 against the tails of all the magnet armatures 33 (see Figs. 25 and 251).) This takes place just as arm It has passed beyond contact IE on the distributor.

It will now be seen that each radial row of pins 53 will in its turn, be set by the impulses corresponding to a cod character operating through the electro-m'agnets 35 to 35 inclusive, being in elevated or depressed positions respectively according to whether they have been entered within'the upper channel 55 or the lower channel 53 according to the impulses of the code character.

In order to select a characterto be exhibited, such as a'letter or a numeral, the pins of a radial row are respectively elevated or depressed to form a combination adapted to select the desired character to be exhibited. In order to accomplish this selection of the desired character according to the set up of the radial pins of a radial row as described, there is arranged a series of selector contact combinations beneath which pass all the code set-up radial rows of pins. There is a contact operating combination corresponding to each one of the characters to be exhibited.

When a code set-up of a'radial row of pins 53 in the rotating disk '52, corresponding to a certain character, passes beneath the selector contact combinationcorresponding to that character, that selector contact combination will be operatedto actuate the means for exhibiting the corresponding character, and this contact combination will be operated only by the corresponding code set up of a radial row of pins, such code set up of pins having no effect upon the other contact combination beneath which it passes, which contact combinations correspond with other characters or symbols to be selected for exhibition and are effectively actuated by their own code set ups of radial pins 53. There is a plurality of these selector contact combinations, one for each of the characters (as letters) in the upper row of magazines and for the respectively corresponding characters (as numerals) in the lower row of magazines. Whether the upper or lower magazine character is released depends upon the position of the shift contacts forming a part of the combination as will be hereinafter referred to. Also the same selector contact combination simultaneously controls the characters at the other end of the display belt. These selector contact combinations are stationary with relation to the disk 52 and are distributed thereabout (see Fig. 31) being equally angularly spaced as shown by the positions 'a, b, these combinations being similarly spaced around to the position 0, the intervening positions of the combination not being shown for the sake of clearness.

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