US2312228A - Pump - Google Patents

Description

Feb.

-T, w. ADAIR PUMP I Filed Deo. 5, 1958 2 sheets-sheet 1 Feb. 23, 1943. T W, ADMR 2,312,228

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Deo. 5, 1958 Mw/fm Patented Feb. 23, 1943 UNHTED STATES PATENT OFFICE PUMP Thomas W. Adair, Houston, Tex.

Application December 5, 1938, Serial No. 244,051

8 Claims. (Cl. 103-155) This invention relates to a pump.

An object of the invention is to provide a pump of the character described specially designed for pumping liquid from wells, such as deep oil wells.

Another object of the invention is to provide a pump of the character described that may be readily lowered into, and located in, a well by means of the pump tubing and operated to pump lthe liquid from the well through the tubing by the rotation of the tubing.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a Very compact type of pump adapted to be lowered into the Well on the pump tubing and embodying a cylinder, or cylinders, with a piston reciprocable in each cylinder, each cylinder having a valve controlled inlet for admitting the lliquid from the Well and a valve controlled outlet into the tubing and novel co-acting means for reciprocating the piston upon rotation of the tubing.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a type of well pump of such design that a plurality of said pumps may be coupled together in tandem relation and operated by a common tubing `leading to the ground surface and by means of which the pumps are suspended in the Well.

With the above and other objects in View, `the invention has particular relation to certain novel features of construction, operation and arrangement of parts, an example of which is given 1in .this specication and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

vFigure 1 shows a side elevation of a pump shown partly in section with the piston shown on 'discharge stroke.

Figure 2 shows a side view partly in section taken at right anglesto the view shown in Fig- .ure 1 and showing the piston on intake stroke.

Figure 3 shows a cross sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Figure l.

Figure 4 shows a cross sectional view taken `on the line '4 4 of Figure l.

Figure 5 shows an elevational view of two pumps connected in tandem relation.

Figure 6 shows a side view partly in section of another embodiment showing the pistons on discharge stroke.

Figure 7 shows a side elevation partly in section taken at right angles to the View shown in Figure 6 and showing some of the pistons on discharge stroke and other of the pistons on intake stroke. u

vFigure 8 shows a cross sectional view taken on the line '8 8 of Figure 6.

`the intake chambers 4.

Figure 9 shows a cross sectional View ltaken kon the line 9 9 of Figure 6, and

Figure 10 shows a side View showing three pumps of this embodiment coupled together in tandem relation.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, wherein like numerals of reference designate the same parts in each of the figures, the numeral I designates the pump cylinder in which the piston 2 is reciprocable. The upper end of the-cylinder is reduced in diameter and internally threaded and the lower end of the tubing 3 is threaded into said reduced upper end. Within the reduced upper end of the cylinder, there are Leading intothe chambers Il, from the well are the intake ports 5 f which are surrounded by the valve seats 6 screwed into the cylinder head and the passageways through these seats are controlled by the back pressure 'valves 'I which are normally held closed by the coil springs A8 on which the back pressure valves l are mounted. These springs Bare seated in the annular web or partition 9 which. separates the intakechambers 4 from the ycylinder chamber lil beneath. This web or partition vis provided with suitable ports II through which the inilowing liquid may .pass into the chamber I0 upon back stroke or intake stroke of the piston 2. The partition 9 also has the outlet ports I2 which are surrounded by the valve seats I3 screwed into said partition S. The ports l2 are controlled bythe outwardly opening outlet valves I4 which are normally held closed by the coil springs I5 interposed between said valves I4 and the head of the cylinder. Discharge ports I6 lead lfrom the chambers 4 into the interior of the pump tubing 3. Within the chamber l) of the cylinder and seated onxthe piston 2 there is an annular plate Il. Interposed between this plate and the partition 9 there `is a strong coil spring I8. When the piston is actuated, upon discharge stroke, in the manner hereinafter described, the liquid in the cylinder chamber IIJ .will be forced outwardly through the ports I 2,

lifting the valves I4 and passing through Athe discharge ports I6 into the -tubing and thence passing to the ground surface. Upon back stroke or intake stroke of the piston 2, which will be effected, by the spring I3, the well liquid will be drawn in through the ports S, past the inlet valve l into the chambers 4 and thence through the ports vII into'the cylinder chamber l0. A tubular mandrel Ilhas its upper `end screwed into the partition S. The `piston 2'is sli'dable on this mandrel. Itis keyed thereon soasto rotate therewith by means of inside keys as 29 one on each side and which are secured in the piston by bolts as 2| and whose inner faces present plane bearings 26, 26 xed thereon Whose inner sides ride against the external flat faces 21 formed on the legs 23.

Around the mandrel beneath the piston there is f a cylindrical anchor block 28 whose upper end, as Y 28a, may be formed of suitable wear resisting ma- Its upper face is formed with oppositelyY terial. disposed cams 29, 29 around which the rollers 2E ride. The mandrel i9 is rotatable in the anchor block and upon each rotation of the mandrel re1- ative to the anchor block the piston 2 will perform two cycles of movement, that is, will complete two complete strokes.

Provision is made for anchoring the block 28 against rotation in the Well casing i. For this purpose one side of the block may be provided with a fixed jaw 3l having external teeth to engage the casing 39. Mounted in a, side slot 32 in the anchor block opposite the jaw 3l there is an arcuate arm 33 which is provided with two series of external teeth as 34, 35. One end of this arm 33 is pivoted in said slot and its other end rests against the yieldable seat such as a coil spring 36 whereby the teeth 34, 35, as well as the jaw 3|, are held in gripping relation with the casing 39 and whereby the anchor block 23 is held against turning. The teeth 34 and 35, as well as the teeth in the jaw 3l are vertical so that the pump may be readily lowered into the well without interference. Secured o-n the lower end of the mandrel I9 there is a nipple 3l whose upper end is formed with a raceway 38 to retain the antifriction bearings 39 which ride against the lower end of the anchor 2li during the operation of the pump. The lower end of the nipple 3'! is outwardly threaded to receive a closure cap t9 to close the lower end of the mandrel in case a single pump is used. If the pumps are used in tandem, the cap 69 will be applied only to the lowermost nipple 3l as shown in Figure 5.

As is obvious upon rotation of the tubing 3 the entire assembly with the `exception o-f the anchor block 28 will be rotated and said anchor block will be held stationary in the casing. The rollers 26 will ride around the cam faces 29 and the piston 2 will be thereby reciprocated, taking in a charge of well liquid upon downstroke of the piston and discharging the charge into the tubing above, upon upstr'oke of the piston.

As hereinabove indicated, two or more of the pumps may be coupled together and located at any required distance apart. For this purpose and as illustrated in Figure 5, an intermediate tube 4I of any selected length may be coupled to the nipple 3l' of the upper pump and to the cylinder l of the lower pump and the two pumps thus simultaneously operated.

As illustrated in Figures 6 to 1G inclusive, the main cylinder la may be provided with a plurality of cylindrical chambers lila around its lower end and mounted in the chambers lila are the pistons 2a. As shown, each piston 2a has a deep lower end socket 2b in which there is fitted a plunger 75 2c. The upper end of each plunger works against an antifriction ball bearing 42, in the corresponding socket and the lower end of each plunger is formed with an enlarged convex head 26a which rides against the cam faces 29 of the anchor block 28 beneath. Theupper end of each cylindrical chamber Illa has an inlet opening 5a which is controlled by a back pressure valve 1a. Interposed between each piston 2a and the corresponding back pressure valve 'la there is a coil spring 8a. Upon intake, or suction, stroke of a piston, the well liquid will be drawn through the corresponding inlet opening 5a past the corresponding back pressure valve 'la and upon discharge stroke of said piston the charge of liquid will be forced outwardly through the corresponding discharge port Ia past the inwardly opening discharge valve Ma. This last mentioned valve is normally held seated to prevent the back flow of the liquid being pumped by means of the coil spring I5a. The type of pump shown in Figure 6, is the same as that shown in Figure l, with the exceptions hereinabove pointed out.

Upon rotation of the tubing 3, the entire assembly shown in Figure 6 with the exception of the anchor 23 will be rotated and the pistons 2a will be reciprocated, drawing in charges of the well liquid through the inlet ports 5a and discharging the same through the discharge ports Ia into the tubing and thence to the ground surface.

As illustrated in Figure l0, three pumps are coupled together in tandem. Each pump beneath an upper one has its cylinder la connected to the nipple 3l of the pump above and the nipple 31 of the lower pump is closed by the cap 49.

It is obvious that mechanical changes may be made in the construction without ydeparting from the principle of the invention. lIhe disclosure is by way of illustration only, while the broad principle of the invention will be dened by the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. A pump for wells comprising a cylinder having a plurality of piston chambers therein, each chamber being provided with a Valve controlled inlet port and a valve controlled discharge port, a piston in each chamber, means including a cam operative against the respective pistons to cause reciprocation thereof, a tubing into which the discharge ports are connected, said tubing forming means for supporting the pump and for conducting the pumped liquid to the ground surface, said cylinder being connected to the tubing for rotation therewith and a wall engaging jaw connected to the cam whereby the cam is anchored against rotation.

2. A pump for wells comprising a cylinder having a piston chamber therein provided with a valve controlled inlet port and a valve controlled discharge port, a piston in said chamber, a yieldable member operative against the piston, a mandrel connected to they cylinder and extending axially through the piston, a cam member on the mandrel, means for anchoring the cam member against rotation in the well, a tubing into which the discharge port is connected, said tubing forming means for supporting the pump and for conducting the pumped liquid to the ground surface, means on the piston cooperating with said cam and yieldable member and effective to reciprocate the piston upon rotation of the tubing.

3. Pumping equipment for wells comprising a rotatable tubing, a plurality of cylinders thereon, each having 'a piston chamber provided With a valve controlled inlet port from the well and a valve controlled discharge port into the tubing, a piston reciprocable in each piston chamber, a yieldable member for each piston operative to actuate the piston in one direction, a plurality of cam members on the tubing each having ra cam face operative to actuate the corresponding piston in the other direction upon rotation of the tubing, the cylinders being mounted to rotate with the tubing, and a yieldable jaw for each cam member engageable with the Walls of the Well to maintain the cam members against rotation.

4. A pump for wells comprising a cylinder having a piston chamber therein provided with a valve controlled inlet port and a valve controlled discharge port, a piston in said chamber, means including a cam operative against the piston to cause reciprocation thereof, -a tubing into which the discharge port is connected and forming means for supporting the pump and for conducting the pumped liquid to the ground surface, said cylinder being connected to the tubing for rotation therewith and means for anchoring the cam to the Walls of the well against rotation.

5. A pump for Wells comprising a pump cylinder, an anchor block in axial alignment with the cylinder, a tubular mandrel connected to the cylinder at one end and means for rotatably mounting the mandrel in the anchor block, a piston in the pump cylinder, cams on the end of the anchor block in opposing relationship to each other, the piston and cams being in alignment, means operatively connecting the piston and the cams whereby the piston is reciprocated upon rotation of the cylinder and mandrel, a tubing connected to the cylinder for rotation thereof and for conducting the pumped uid from the pump, another tubing connected to the lower end of the mandrel, and means for forcing fluid through said other tubing and tubular mandrel.

6. A pump for wells comprising a pump cylinder, an anchor block in axial alignment with the cylinder, a tubular mandrel connected to the cylinder at one end and rotatably mounted in the lanchor block, an annular piston in the pump cylinder around the mandrel, a cam on the anchor block, means operatively connecting the piston and the cam whereby the piston is reciprocated upon rotation of the cylinder and the mandrel, means for preventing rotation of the piston relative to the mandrel, another tubing connected to the end of the mandrel which is mounted in the anchor block and means for forcing uid through said other tubing and tubular mandrel.

7. A pump for wells comprising a cylinder having a piston chamber therein provided with a valve controlled inlet port and a valve controlled discharge port, a piston in the chamber, a mandrel connected to the cylinder and extended axially through the piston, a cam member on the mandrel, an anchor for the cam member, means for holding the anchor and cam member against; rotation in the well, a tubing connected to the cylinder and into which the discharge port is connected, said tubing forming means for supporting the pump and for conducting the pumped liquid to the ground surface, means on the piston in constant contact with the cam effective to move the piston axially in one direction upon rotation of the tubing.

8. A pump for wells comprising a cylinder having a chamber therein provided with a valve controlled inlet port and a valve controlled discharge port, a piston reciprocable in the chamber, a rotatable tubing extending to the ground surface and forming a conduit for the pumped liquid into which the discharge port is connected, said piston being mounted to reciprocate on said tubing, means for reciprocating the piston as the tube rotates, said means including a cam member and an operative connection between the cam member and piston, said cam member being secured against rotation in the well, and the operative connection being rotatable with the tubing whereby to impart movement to the piston in one direction rand other means to impart movement to the piston in the other direction.

THOMAS W. ADAIR.

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