US2302685A - Engine control apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 24, 1942. .1. a. DYER ENGINE CONTROL APPARATUS 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Nov. 19, 1952 .90 7'0 lea/w 770M Nov. 24, 1942.

J. B. DYER ENGINE CONTROL APPARATUS Filed Nov. 19, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Z 230 v zsa 22 a:

Nov. 24, 1942. DYER ENGINE CONTROL APPARATUS 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Nov. 19, 1932 P TOGASOU/VEGAU E M W N w 0 10 T w Um. b 0 9 w 2 b 9 b m f I 0 y W 9 2 M 9 I 1 6 J r w w a m IV m n 0 mu. 1 -i 1 g h 0 M 4 b 6 w J b F w i a W a a Patented Nov. 24, 1942 UNITED STAT E S PA can s it

ENGINE CONTROL APPARATUS:

Application November 19, 1932, Serial No M33752 29 Claims.

This invention relates to apparatus for controlling the operation of internal combustion engines, more particularly those of automotive vehicles and specifically to apparatus for controlling the starting devices of such engines.

It is one object of this invention to provide electrically operated means for rendering the starting apparatus operative to start the engine, which is caused to operate in response to, the operation of one or more of the control devices which must be actuated by the operator of the engine or vehicle to control the operation thereof under ordinary operating conditions.

A. further object of the invention is to provide electrically operated means of this character which is rendered inoperative by one or more of the several variable functions of the engine and is so controlled thereby that said electrically operated means is prevented from becoming opera Live as long as the engine is running under its own power.

According to this invention, these objects are accomplished by the provision of an electrcrnagnot which is operative to simultaneously close the starting motor switch and shift the motoroperated driving pinion into mesh with the engine flywheel gear, said electromagnet bein energized upon closing of the ignition switch and a switch operated by the accelerator pedal which controls the position of the carburetor throttle to regulate the quantity of combustible mixture which is supplied to the combustion chambers of the engine. This electromagnet is adapted to be de-energized either by th action of engine suction, or by a counter-voltage set up by the generator, or by both these means, so that the starting motor is rendered inoperative when the engine is operating under its own power and remains inoperative as long as the engine continues to run.

Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings wherein a preferred embodi" ment of one form of the present invention is clearly shown. 1

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a wiring diagram of one form of the present invention in which the starting motor is rendered inoperative by action of engine suction.

Fig. 2 is a wiring diagram of a modfed iorni. of the invention in which the starting rector rendered inoperative by action of the enerstoz'.

Fig. 3 is a wiring diagram showing a further modification in which the action oi engine sue actor tion and the generator are both employed to prevent operation of the starting motor d. ing op" eration of the engine.

Fig. l is a detail sectional View of an automatic relay switch controlled by engine suction and the generator.

Referring to Fig. l of the drawings, the start ing motor is indicated at 29 and has an armature shaft 22 on which is splined a sleeve 24%, which is secured to one member of an over-running clutch 2%, the other member of which is secuecl to, or integral with, a, driving pinion 28 adapted to be moved into engagement with the gear formed on. the engine flywheel in order to turn said gear and. start the engine whenever the starting motor is operated. 5' a sleeve moved to the right in F l in 0; tier to efifect en gagenient of the pinio with the flywheel gear and simultaneously the circuit between the starting motor and the battery is closed by means which will now described, order to cause the starting moto to become To this end the sleeve .s provided wt grooved collar which is shoeble the sleeve and said collar is engaged by a pin it which projects from the lower end of a lever suitably pivoted at 38 and pivotally connected at its upper end with the armature oi solenoid, which indicated in its entirety by the reference chap- The lower part of the lever 355 may be bifurcated to form a yoke end there may be two pins secured to both arms of the yoke ii? sired. When the solenoid is energized, the lever 36 is moved in e. ccuntercloclzv se direction and through the medium of the cohar 32, conn presses a spring 4% which surrounds else 25 between the collar 32 and, the clutch it move the pinion 28 into enge ment with flywheel gear in the usual in ner and at same time the left end of the to cper ates the movable contact member of the starting motor switch to close th ste ing motor circuit and cause the starting motor to become operative.

The startin motor is grounded through the connection it while wire leads front: the tarting motor to a contact and a second d by a wire 5E with ough the tact r cont energisation is moved so as to or both fixed. corn tacts 52 and 54 and close the circuit of the starting motor. When this takes place, current will flow from the battery 60 to ground through the connection 62 and from the battery through wire 58 and 56, contacts 54, 46, 52 and wire 50 to the starting motor and thence through connection 48 to ground again.

The starting motor will cause the engine to start and when running under its own power, the starting motor is rendered inoperative by means afterwards described, at which time the lever 36 and the parts operated thereby will be moved to normal position with the pinion 28 out of engagement with the gear 30.

The operation of the solenoid 42 is both manually and automatically controlled, the solenoid being caused to become energized upon the operation of certain manually operated switches, but is de-energized by the action of engine suction. This suction is insufficient to cause de-energization of the solenoid during the time the engine is being turned by the starting motor, but be comes sufiicient to effect thi function when the engine starts to operate under its own power and the device is so constructed that the energization of the solenoid is prevented as long as the engine continues to so operate.

In order to control the operation or the solenoid in this manner, it is provided with a winding 68 which is, grounded at 88 and is connected at its other end with a wire which leads to one fixed contact I2 of an automatic suction oper ated switch hereinafter described in detail and indicated in its entirety by the reference character A. This suction operated switch includes a movable contact member I4 which is adapted to engage the fixed contact I2 and another fixed contact I6 when the switch is closed, the fixed cont-act I6 being connected by wire I8 with a binding post 80 electrically connected to a fixed contact 82 of a switch indicated in its entirety by the letter B and adapted to be operated by the accelerator pedal which controls the quantity of combustible mixture supplied to the engine. The fixed contact 82 is adapted to be engaged by a movable contact 84 electrically connected to a binding post 86 when the accelerator pedal 81 is operated to open the carburetor throttle. The binding post 88 is connected by a wire 88 with a wire 80 leading from the fixed contact 92 of the ignition switch to the ignition system of the engine. The ignition switch comprises also a movable contact $34 connected by wire 96 with the wire 58 which leads to the battery. It will be obvious, therefore, that when the engine is stopped and the ignition switch is closed. if the operator of the vehicle operates the accelerator pedal to bring the contacts 84 and 82 into engagement, that current will flow from the battery through the connection 62 to the ground and from the battery through the wires 58 and 86, the ignition switch. wire 88, the switch B. wire I8. the switch A which is normally closed when the engine is not running, and wire I0 to the winding 65 and thence through the connection 58 to ground again. The circuit through the winding 66 is thus closed which causes the solenoid to become energized to effect closing of the starting motor switch and the shifting of the motor driven pinion 28. as previously described. This circuit will remain closed until the action of engine suction causes such circuit to be broken by the opening of the switch A, because, as will be noted later, the switch B remains closed during the running of the engine under its own power except during such time as the accelerator pedal may be permitted to return to normal position as when the engine is idling. In this form of the invention, the generator is indicated by the reference numeral 08, being grounded by the connection I00 and connected by a wire I02 with the wire 58, a cut-out relay of conventional form being provided at I04. This generator, in this form of the invention is preferably of the conventional type as illustrated in Fig. 1, for in this form of the invention the generator performs only its charging function and has no con trolling effect on the action of the starting motor, the latter being entirely controlled by the manually operated ignition switch and switch 13 and the automatically operated switch A.

The switch B which is operated by the accelerator pedal, is of substantially the same construction as is described in applicants co-pending application Serial No. 594,553 and comprises an outer housing or sleeve I08, which is secured in any desirable way to the upper end of a rod H0, whch extends to the carburetor throttle, as more fully shown in Fig. 3, the construction of the switch B being the same in all of the modifications of'the invention disclosed in this application. Received within the outer sleeve I08 is an inner sleeve H2 in which is received a piston [I4 secured in any suitable way to the lower end of a short rod IIS, which extends through an opening in a reduced neck of the outer sleeve I18, which forms the bearing surface for the rod H6. The accelerator pedal 81 is secured to the end of this rod and a spring I20 which surrounds the rod between the pedal or button 81 and the end of the outer sleeve I08, normally holds the parts in the relative position shown in the drawings, such spring being compressed whenever the button 81 is operated. The inner sleeve II2 supports a block of insulating material I22 which projects through a slot I20 formed in the outer sleeve I08 and supports binding post 85 which is screwed into a metallic socket carried by the block I22. The binding post is electrically connected in any suitable way to the contact 84 which is also supported in the insulating material I22. The block of insulating material I26 is supported in the outer sleeve H2 and is fixed relative thereto in any suitable way, a projecting portion of this block extending through the slot I24 as previously described. Binding post is supported in this extension and is suitably connected with the fixed contact 82 also supported by the block I26. A spring I28 surrounds the rod IIO between some suitable fixed member and the housing I08, this spring being operative to restore the above described assembly to normal position when the operators foot is removed from the button or pedal 81. Another spring I30 is received between the piston Ill and the block I22.

The operation of the switch B is substantially as follows. When the button 81 is pressed by the operator, the piston Ill first moves downwardly compressing the spring I30 until the inner sleeve H2 is moved, carrying the movable contact 84 into engagement with the fixed contact 82 which completes the circuit through the winding of the solenoid. After this movement the entire assembly moves as a body when the pressure is sufficient to overcome the force of the spring I28 moving the throttle to whatever position is desired by the operator, the spring I20 and spring I30 combine, being of less strength than the spring I28. The energization of the solenoid pressed position subsequent to the startingg of the engine. In the latter event, the contacts 84 and 82 will remain in engagement, but since the circuit through the solenoidds' broken by the switch A, the starting motor cannot be rendered operative notwithstanding the fact that the switch B is closed.

The switch A comprises a sheet metal shell I40 which is secured to another sheet metal shell I42 by any suitable fluid tight joint to form 8. diaphragm chamber and between flanges projecting from the two shells, a flexible diaphragm I44 is clamped. On one side of the diaphragm is a sheet metal disk I46 and on the other side of said diaphragm, two sheet metal disks I48 and I50 respectively while extending through the diaphragm and the three disks is a pin I52 provided with a shoulder which engages the disk I46 and being riveted at the opposite end to hold the entire assembly together, the disks operating to reinforce the diaphragm. The pin I52 is secured to, or is integral with the movable switch contact 14 hereinbefore referred to and said contact is moved into and out of engagement with the fixed contacts 12 and 16 to open and close the switch by action of the diaphragm. The fixed contacts are supported by the shell I42, being suitably insulated therefrom. A nipple I54 having flange I55 extends through an opening in the shell I40 and a washer I56 externally threaded on the nipple clamps the shell I40 between itself and the flange to form an air-tight joint. A coupling member I58 is threaded on the nipple I54 and serves to connect the nipple with a tube I80 of suitable flexible material, such as copper, which extends to and is suitably connected with the intake manifold. A spring I62 is received within the nipple and engages the disk I48 to hold the diaphragm normally in the position shown in the drawings with the movable contact 14 in engagement with the fixed contacts 12 and 16.

Obviously when the engine begins to run under its own power, the suction communicated from the manifold through the tube I60 moves the diaphragm I44 to a position to disengage the movable contact from the two fixed contacts of the switch A in order to break the circuit through the solenoid and the device is so constructed that the suction is suflicient under all normal operating conditions to hold the switch A open whenever the engine is running under its own power, so that notwithstanding the fact the ignition switch and the switch B may both be closed, it is impossible to close the circuit through the solenoid at any time while the engine is running under its own power.

In the form of the invention disclosed in Fig. 2, the construction is much the same as that previously disclosed. but for the fact that a magnetic switch controlled by the generator is substituted for the switch A. The construction of the starting motor, the solenoid and the mechanism operated thereby is exactly the same as that previously described and the description thereof need not be repeated. such parts of these devices as are shown in F g. 2 being indicated by the same reference characters as are used in Fig. 1 with the suflix a added.

Substituted for the switch A is a magnetic switch indicated in its entirety by the reference character C. This switch is indicated in the diagram in substantially the same relation as is the switch-Act the form of the invention shown in Big? 1 and previously described. A wire a extends from one end of the winding of the solenoid to a fixed contact I10 which is adapted to be normally engaged by a movable contact I12 carried by the armature I14 of an armature magnet of any conventional design and normally held open by a compression spring I16, The movable contact I12, when in switch closing position, engages a second fixed contact I18 connected by a wire 18a with the binding post a of the'switch B. The ignition switch in this form of the invention preferably comprises two fixed contacts 92a and 93a, to which are connected wires a and 9| a leading to the ignition system and gasoline gauge respectively. The switch also comprises a movable contact member having two contact arms 94a and 95a to engage the two fixed contacts above referred to. In this device when the ignition switch B and switch C are both closed, current will flow from the battery 60a through the wire 62a to ground and through the wire 58a, wire 96a, the ignition switch, wire 9Ia, wire 88a, switch B, wire 18a, switch C, and wire 10a to the solenoid winding and through connections 68a to ground again, thus completing the circuit of the solenoid and causing the operation of the starting motor and the meshing of the driving pinion with the flywheel gear as previously described.

The switch C is normally open, but is closed when both the ignition switch and the switch B are closed because the closing of these switches energizes the winding of the solenoid of said magnetic switch C to effect movement of the contact I12. For this purpose the wire I02a, which leads from the generator. is connected by a wire I80 with one end of the winding I82 01' the above mentioned solenoid, the other end of said winding being connected. to the wire 18a which leads from the fixed contact I18 to one of the fixed contacts of .the switch B.

When the ignition switch and the switch B are both closed, current passes from the battery to ground and from the battery through wires 58a and 96a, the ignition switch, wires 9Ia and 88a, the switch B, and wire 18a to the winding I82 and thence through the wire I80 to the generator 88a and through the connection I00a to ground, thus completing the circuit through the winding I82. energizing the magnetic switch C, and causing the contact I12 to move into engagement with contacts I10 and I18. When the engine is running under its own power, the generator is operated at sufficient speed to set up a countervoltage in the winding I82 through the connection thereof with the wire I 02 leading from the generator. which is sufficient to de-energize the magnet of the switch C enough to permit the spring I16 to open the switch.

In t i modifi ation of the invention it is also s i e o use a enerator of the ordinary type, t i is p eferable to em loy a se arately excited en ator, as su h form o gene ator will effee th openin of the ma n tic switch C when -'t is operating at a lower speed than the ordinary type o generator. This is a great advantage in this y e of apparatus because under certain conditions the engine under very heavy load, ope'rtes at a very low speed with the generator running at a correspondingly low speed and it is apuapso maintain the magnetic switch open engine speed as possible in order to a y possibility of the circuit through the QEa. being closed unless the engine actucor-es to stop. Otherwise, the starting night become effective while he engine is even though s d engine is opi would result such as breaking h of the pinion or flywheel gear. There- .iore. in the form of the invention shown in Fig. the generator is illustrated as of the separateicited type, the third brush thereof being conected by the wire ii fia to the wire Bid leading from one fixed contact of the ignition switch to asoline gauge.

{1 nously, the operation of this modified form 0: the device is substantially the same as that he first form but for the fact that the switch .01 o the generator instead of by s the switch A.

the invention shown in Figs. 3 ction is much the same as that described forms but. for the T the solenoid which conhe staitng motor and v on con relied fine generator and engine suc- Wlay switch indicated in its ence letter B, being provided and described in detail hereinaine construction as those disding figures are not specifically 'cated on the drawings by g. l with the suifix b otor 2' and the mechaereoy, as well as the solenoid ociated therewith, are of sub ne construction in this modifi- 1. Also the construction same as in Fig. i. In this winding of the solenoid connected by a wire ctrically connected to ondary switch D. while 5 electrically connected .zid switch D operated manner to be later described. The binding 1 is connected by a wire with the wire iich leads from the generator to the bat- When th fix-ed and movable contacts of the secondary switch are closed. it will be obvious that current will flow from the battery to ground through the connection 626 and from the battery through wires 5% and is! to the binding post 592. through switch D and the wire 7th to th w nding of the solenoid tab and thence roug. 1e connection @827 to ground. Hence,

the switch Dis closed, the circuit from the through the solenoid 42b is completed an said solenoid is immediately effective to f the starting motor and the on b as previously tor To ccelerator is connected by finding of a magtch D, the o onnected a suction of the engine.

wire list with the generator grounded at lfifi'o, as shown in 3. be point-ed out more specifically later. the switch D is nor mally open when the engine station ry and upon closine' of the ignition switch tlc ..itcl1 B, the winding of the magnet of said switch is energized, closing the switch and completing the circuit through the pinion shifting solenoid 422), as previously described. It will be clear from the foregoing that when the ignition switch is closed and the switch B is closed, current flows from the battery to ground through the connection 62b and through wires 58b, 95?), the ignition switch 88?), switch B, wire I95, the winding of switch D and wire i953 to the generator and through the connection lfiilb to. thel .nner to a cup-shaped rr shell whi is joined to a similarly shaped metal shell 1th: in any suitable way to to in fiuid-tight joint, while between flanges projecting from these shells is clamped the flexible diaphragm 2 i i. This diaphragm is preferably nonmetallic and is adapted to be operated he winding of the rag net surrounds a core hile arm e 218 carries rod adapteo o e the movable sw' ch contao is moved back: forth, the rod reduced portion. one end of 'wich extends through the armature and 1"" gin well as through three 1 located on opp-s.-' e the head of the rod rivet e to hold the entire asse ibly tog Xtending through an orifice in the shell 252 is an externally threaded and flanged nipple 223, the shell 252 being clamped between the flange and a washer 23f threaded on the nipple. A reduced coupling 232 is also screwed on the nipple provided with a reduced threaded portion 23 adapted to be connected in any desirable way with a tube 235 of copper or some other suitable flexible material and which extends to the intake manifold 23? so as to communicate the engine suction to the diaphragm chamber. A disk 236 with 2. minute orifice therein, is received between the end of the nipple 225i and the reducingcoupling 231'. while a spring 238 which normally holds the parts in the position shown in Fig. 4 when the engine is not in operation, is received between the disk 225 and the disk 236. The minute orifices are provided in the disk 236 for the purpose of delaying the return of the parts to normal position in th event that the engine suddenly stops immediately after tarting, for s.

disl

reason which will be more fully explained later.

It will be noted that the movable contact M2 is carried by a flat spring wh ch is engaged by the rod 25 and tends to move the rod to the right aeoaces switch B with resulting re-energization of the magnet, the armature iilii is moved to the left to engage the switch contacts 2% and 262 and to cause energization of the solenoid 122b as previously described. lThe pull of the magnet is such that it would take a considerable degree of engine suction to effect separation of the above mentioned switch contacts by the suction pull on the diaphragm 2M, but the operation of the generator when the engine begins to run under its own power sets up a countervoltage in the magnet reducing the pull thereof and permitting a very low suction to maintain the switch contacts 26d and 262 separated after they have once been disengaged and the engine is in operation. Also the disl; 224 engages the shell 212 thus forming a magnetic seal, as more fully described in applicants co-pending application Serial No. 569,642.

The delayed action produced by the disk 23%, which is referred to above, is of importance because it prevents the immediate re-energization of the magnet and resulting closing of the secswitch D which might otherwise take lace immediately following any stopping of the engine substantially immediately after it was started. At such time the starting motor may be still in motion and if the solenoid 42 could be energized to cause the driving pinion to be moved into engagement with the flywheel gear, under such conditions damage might result. The specific construction of this secondary switch D forms no part of the present invention and is not covered by the claims therein.

In this form of the device also a generator of ordinary type may be employed, but for reasons set forth regarding the form shown in Fig. 2, it is desirable to employ a separately excited generator and for that reason such a form of generator is illustrated in Fig. 3. In Fig. 3 also there is shown diagrammatically the connection between the rod iii and the carburetor throttle which is positioned in the intake pipe 23?, being secured to a shaft 242 journalled therein, On one end of the shaft 242 is a slotted arm 244; adapted to be engaged by a bent portion N6 of the rod H so that depression of the rod Ill] will effect opening movement of the throttle. It will be apparent on consideration of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 that the circuit through the solenoid 42b is completed upon actuation of the ignition switch and switch B so that the solenoid causes the starting or the engine, but when the engine begins to run under its own power, the circuit through the solenoid is broken by the combined action. of the engine suction and the generator controlling the secondary switch D and this circuit will remain broken as long as the engine continues to run so that the starting motor cannot become operative during any operation of the engine under its own power.

While the form of embodiment of the present invention as herein disclosed, constitutes a pre- :ferred form, it is to be understood that other iorrns might be adopted, all coming within the scope of the claims which follow.

is claimed is as follows:

1. Starting apparatus for internal combustion engines, comprising, a current source, a starting motor adapted to be operated by current from said. source, an electromagnet for establishing driving connection between the starting motor and the engine for starting said engine, means variably controlling the quantity of combusiniirture supplied to the engine while the starting motor is being operated to start said engine, and means operated by said mixture controlling means for controlling the operation of said electromagnet.

2. Starting apparatus for internal combustion engines, comprising, a current source, a starting motor adapted to be operated by current from said source, an electromagnet for establishing driving connection between the starting motor and the engine for starting said engine, means for variably controlling the quantity of combusiiblc mxlure supplied to the engine while the starting motor is being operated to start said engine, means opeiaied by said mixture controlling means for controlling the operation of said electiornagnet, and means operated by the engine when it is operating under its own power for preventing energizaiicn of said electromagnet.

3. Starting apparatus for internal combustion engines, comprising, a current source, a starting motor adapted to be operated by current from said source, an electromagnet for establishing driving connection between the starting motor and t e engine for starting said engine, means for variably controlling the quantity of combustible mixture supplied to the engine while the starting motor is being operated to start said engine, means operated by the mixture controlling means ior causing operation of said electromagnet, a generator, and means operated thereby for preventing operation of said electromagnet during operation of the engine under its own power.

a. Starting apparatus for internal combustion engines, comprising, a current source, a starting motor adapted to be operated by current from said source, an electromagnet for establishing driving connection between the starting motor and the engine for starting said engine, means for variably controlling the quantity of combustible mixture supplied to the engine while the starting notor is being operated to start said engine, means operated by the mixture controlling means for causing operation of said electromagnet, and means operated by the suction ofthe engine for preventing operation of the electromagnet when the engine is operating under its own power.

5. Starting apparatus for internal combustion engines, comprising, a current source, a starting motor adapted to be operated by current from said source, an electromagnet for establishing driving connection between the starting motor and the engine for starting said engine, means for variably controlling the quantity of combustible mixture supplied to the engine while the starting motor is being operated to start said engine, means operated by the mixture controlling means for causing operation of said ele' tromagnet, a generator, and means operated b,- the generator and engine suction for preventing operation of said electromagnet when the engine is running under its own power.

6. Starting apparatus for internal combustion engines comprising, a current source, a starting motor, a circuit between the starting motor and current source to enable said starting motor to be operated by current from said source, an elec trornagnet for establishing driving connection be tween the starting motor and the engine and for completing the circuit between the starting motor and current source to enable said starting motor to tart the engine, means for variably controlling the quantity of combustible mixture I supplied to the engine while the starting motor Val-v current source to enable said starting motor to be operated by current from said source, an electromagnct for establishing driving connection between the :zwrting motor and the engine and for completing the circuit between the starting tor and current source to enable said starting to start the engine, means for variably the quantity of combustible mixture engine while the starting motor ated to start said engine, means d mixture controlling means for on of said electromagnet, a genoperated by the generator to is running under its own tion of said, electromagnet. atus for internal combustion current source, a starting eon the starting motor and noble said starting motor to at from said source, an elecring driving connection bemotor and the engine and circuit between the starting source to enable said starting 2 ngine, means for variably mantity of combustible mixture e while the starting motor is rt said engine, a switch for of the electromagnet when to be closed by operation of 1 controlling means, a second switch the winding of said electromagnet by said mixture controlling means closed when the mixture controlling operated, and means operable by the c it runs under its own power for opening said second switch to cause said electromagnet to be tie-energized.

apparatus for internal c'f nbustion engines comprising, a current source, '1 starting a circuit between the starting motor and source to enable said starting motor to noted by current from said source, an elecognet for establishing driving connection bemotor and the engine and for the s" g "cuit between the starting motor cc to enable said starting motor inc, 'means for variably conity of combustible mixture supne while the starting motor is opercf d to start said engine, a switch for ion of the electromagnet when pted to be closed by operation of controlling means, a second switch h the winding of said electromagnet e by said mixture controlling means closed when the mixture controlling operated, a generator, and means whereenerator causes said second switch to be h the engine is operating under its i in order to effect de-energizatlon oi ti'omagnet. starting apparatus ior internal combustion es comprising, a current source, a starting 3', a circuit between the starting motor and out source to enable said starting motor to be operated by current from said source, an electromagnet for establishing driving connection between the starting motor and the engine and for completing the circuit between the starting motor and current source to enable said starting motor to start the engine, means for variably controlling the quantity of combustible mixture supplied to the engine while the starting motor is being operated to start said engine, a switch or causing operation of the electromagnet when closed and adapted to be closed by operation of said mixture controlling means, a second switch in circuit with the winding of said electromagnet and operable by said mixture controlling means so as to be closed when the mixture controlling means is operated, and means operable by engine suction when the engine runs under its own power to cause the opening of said second switch in order to de-energize the electromagnet.

11. Starting apparatus for inmrnal combustion engines comprising, a current source, a starting motor, a circuitbetween the starting motor and current source to enable said starting motor to be operated by current from said source, an electromagnet for establishing driving connection between the starting motor and the englne and for completing the circuit between the starting motor and current source to enable said starting motor to start the engine, means for variably controlling the quantity of combustible mixture supplied to the engine while the starting motor is being operated to start said engine. a switch for causing operation of the electromagnet when closed and adapted to be closed by operation of said mixture controlling means, a second switch in circuit with the winding of said electromagnet and operable by said mixture controlling means so as to be closed when the mixture controlling means is operated, a generator, and means operable by the generator and engine suction when the engine runs under its own power to cause the opening of said second switch in order to de-energize the magnet.

12. Starting apparatus for internal combustion engines comprising, a current source, a starting motor, a circuit between the starting motor and current source to enable said starting motor to be operated by current from said source, an electromagnet for establishing driving connection between the starting motor and the engine and for completing the circuit between the starting motor and current source to enable said starting motor to start the engine, means for variably controlling the quantity of combustible mixture supplied to the engine while the starting motor is being operated to start said engine, a switch for causing operation of the electromagnet when closed and adapted to be closed by operation of said mixture controlling means, a second switch in circuit with the winding of said electromagnet and effective when closed to cause said electromagnet to be energized, a second electromagnet for operating said second switch and operative to hold said second switch closed when energized, means for causing said second electromagnet to be energized when said first mentioned switch is closed, a generator, and means whereby the generator when the engine is operating under its own power, causes the second electromagnet to be de-energized and the second switch to be opened.

13. Starting apparatus for internal combustion engines comprising, a current source, a starting motor, a circuit between the starting motor and current source to enable said starting motor to 16. starting engines com be operated by current from said source, an electromagnet for establishing driving connection between the starting motor and the engine and for completing the circuit between the starting motor and current source to enable said starting motor to start the engine, means for variably controlling the quantity of combustible mixture supplied to the engine while the starting motor is being operated to start said engine, a switch for causing operation of the electromagnet when closed and adapted to be closed by operation of said mixture controlling means, a second switch in circuit with the winding of said electromagnet and effective when closed to cause said electromagnet to be energized, a second electromagnet for operating said second switch and operative to hold said second switch closed when energized, means for causing said second electromagnet to be energized when said first mentioned switch is closed, a generator, means whereby the generator, when the engine is operating under its own power, causes the magnet to be de-energized and means operable by engine suction upon the second switch when the magnet is de-energized.

14. Starting apparatus for internal combustion engines comprising, a current source, a starting motor, a circuit between the starting motor and current source to enable said starting motor to be operated by current from said source, an electromagnet for establishing driving connection between the starting motor and the engine and for completing the circuit between the starting motor and current source to enable said starting motor to start the engine, means for variably controlling the quantity oi combustible mixture supplied to the engine while the starting motor is being operated to start said engine, a switch for causing operation of the electromagnet when closed and adapted to be closed by operation said mixture controlling means, a second switch in circuit with the winding of said electromagnet and effective when closed to cause said electromagnet to be energized, a second electromagnet for operating said second switch and operative to hold said second switch closed when energized, means for causing said second electromagnet to be energized when said first mentioned switch is closed, a generator in circuit with the winding of said second electromagnet and operative to build up sufficient counter voltage in said winding when the engine is operating under its own power to de-energize the magnet and enable said second switch to be opened.

15. Starting apparatus for internal combustion engines comprising a current source, a starting motor operable by current from said source, a circuit between the current source and starting motor, an electromagnet operable to establish driving connection between the starting motor and the engine and to complete said circuit when the magnet is energized, means for variably controlling the quantity of mixture supplied to the engine during starting and during operation of the engine under its own power, a control switch for the magnet operable when closed to cause said magnet to be energized, a second control switch operable when closed to cause the closing of the first control switch and held closed by the mixture control means as the latter is moved diflerent positions during starting and operation of the engine, and means operable by engine suction to open the first control switch when the engine is seli-operative so as cause the magnet to be de-energized even it second control switch is closed.

rates for internal combustion a current source, a starting by current from said source. a circuit between er current source and starting motor, an electromagnet operable to establish driving connection between the starting motor and the engine to complete said circuit when the magnet is energized, means for variably controlling the quantity of mixture supplied to the engine during starting and during operation oi the engine under its own power, a control switch for the magnet operable when closed to cause said magnet to be energized, a second control switch operable when closed to cause the closing of the first control switch and held closed by the mixture control means as the latter is moved to diiierent positions during starting and operation of the engine, a generator, and means whereby the generator causes the first control switch to be opened when the engine is operating under its own power even if the second control switch is held closed by the mixture controlling means.

17. Starting apparatus for internal combustion engines comprising a current source, a starting motor operable by current from said source, a circuit between the current source and starting motor, an electromagnet operable to establish driving connection between the starting motor and the engine and to complete said circuit when the magnet is energized, means for variably controlling the quantity of mixture supplied to the engine during starting and during operation of the engine under its own power, a control switch for the magnet operable when closed to cause said magnet to be energized, a second control switch operable when closed to cause the closing of the first control switch and held closed by the mixture control means as the latter is moved to different positions during starting and owns-- tion of the engine, a generator, and means whereby the joint action of the generator and engine suction causes the first control switch to be opened when the engine is operating under its own power even if the second control switch is held closed by the mixture controlling means.

.18. Starting apparatus {or internal combustion engines comprising a current source, a starting motor operable by current from said source, a circuit between the current source and starting motor, an electromagnet operable to establish driving connection between the starting motor and the engine and to complete said circuit when the magnet is energized, means for variably controlling the quantity of mixture supplied to the engine during starting and during operation of the engine under its own power, a control switch for the magnet operable when closed to cause said magnet to be energized, a second electromagnet for operating said control switch and operable to hold said switch closed when the magnet is energized, a second control switch in circuit with the winding of the second magnet operable when closed to cause said magnet to be energized and held closed by the mixture control means as the latter is moved to diflerent positions during starting and operation of the engine, a generator also in circuit with the winding of the second magnet and operable to deenergize said second magnet when the engine is self-operative to enable the opening of said first,

control switch irrespective of the second control switch.

19. Starting apparatus for internal combustion engines, comprising, a current source, a starting motor operable by current from said 8 asoaeszs source, means for establishing driving connection between the starting motor and the to enable the starting motor to start said engine, power operated means other than the starting motor for operating said last named means, means for variably controlling the quantity of combustible mixture supplied to the engine while the starting motor is being operated to start said engine, and means operated by the mixture controlling means for controlling the operation of said power operated means 20. Starting apparatus for internal combustion engines, comprising, a current source, a starting motor operable by current from said source, means for establishing driving connection between the starting motor and the engine to enable the starting motor to start said engine, power operated means other than the starting motor for operating said last named means, means for variably controlling the quantity of combustible mixture supplied to the engine while the starting motor is being operated to start said engine, means operable by the mi? c controlling mean for controlling the operation oi said p 1i and means operated by the engine to. preventing the opera tion of the power operated means while the engine is running under its own power.

21. Starting apparatus for internal combustion engines, comprising, a current source, a starting motor operable by current from said source, means for establishing driving connection between the starting motor and the engine to en-- able the starting to start said engine, power operated means other than the starting motor for ogre-ting said. st named. means, means for variably controlling the quantity of combustible mixture supplied to the engine while the start ing motor is being operated to start said engine, means operated by said mixture controlling means for causing operation of said power operated means, and means operated by er 1e suction preventing the operation of the power opera means during operation of the engine under it own power.

22. Starting apparatus for internal combust engines, comprising, a current source, a start motor operable by current from means for e 'ablishing dri tween the ting motor a" the starting motor to st: 't erat-ed means other thoperating said last named 111a. variably controllin the r: mixture supplied to the I ing motor is being o'oeZ means operated means for causing erated means, a gen by the generator for power operated me: engine under its own 23. Starting an; engines, comprising, a motor operable 3 means for establishing dtween the startiri able the starting means, a generator, and means operated by the generator and engine suction jointly or preventing operation of the power operated means during operation of the engine under its own power,

24. Starting apparatus for internal combustion engines comprising, a current source. a starting motor operable by current from said source, means for causing the starting motor to operate and start said engine, power operated means other than the starting motor for operating said last named means, mixture controlling means for variably controlling the quantity of mixture supplied to the engine while the starting motor is being operated to start said engine, means operated by the mixture controlling means for controlling operation of the power operated means, a member movable in accordance with some variable function of the engine and movable to different positions when the engine is selfoperative and inoperative and means operated by mcm" t operation of the startin motor engine is self-operative.

ital combusi it source, a start 15 or J; from said on t their /ith, a power operated i b the current source for rendering the starting motor effective to operate the enrg lrn: m ans for variably controlling the quantity of combustible mixture supplied to the by said mixture controlling r is operated to regulate the another switch between the as and current source, said witch. being operated by engine suc- :ie is running. atus for internal combustion current sour a starting by current from said current in circuit therewith, a switch for circuit, power operated means for driving connection between the motor and engine and concurrently switch, means for variably controlthe quantity of combustible mixture supengine while the starting motor is to start the engine, means opercontrolling means for caussaid power operated means, and by the engine when it becomes selfe to cause the power operated means to ive and el'fective, as long as the run under its own power, to i said power operated means.

operate the engine, means for iling the quantity of combustible i to the engine while the starteing operated to start said engine, or: m ans, including means operable ontrolling means which must be car's-e operation of said power opera generator, and a single means conby the joint action of the generator and suction for preventing operation of said newer operated device while the engine is runnin under its own power.

apparatus for internal combustion engine: comprising, a current source, a starting motor adapted to be operated by current from said source, means for variably controlling the quantity of fuel mixture supplied to the engine, a power operated means in circuit with said current source for rendering the starting motor effective to operate the engine, a switch in the circuit between the power operated means and said current source adapted to be closed by said mixture controlling means to render the starting motor effective, a generator and another switch between the power operated means and said current source adapted to be operated by the generator to prevent operation of the starting motor when the engine is running.

29. Control apparatus for internal combustion engines comprising, a current source, a starting motor adapted to be operated by current from said source, a switch for completing the circuit between the starting motor and the current source, power operated means for closing said switch to render the starting motor operative, a foot operated accelerator pedal for variably controlling the quantity of mixture supplied to the engine and a switch operated by said pedal to control the operation of said power operated means.

JOHN B. DYER.

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