US2393248A - Horizontal pot type burner - Google Patents

Description

Y'Jan.22,1946.- l B HAYTER HAL 2,393,248

HORIZONTAL POT TY1 E BURNER FiledMarch 25, 1943 4 Sheets-Sheet l y MMM- Jan. 22, 1946. B, HAYTER ETAL 2,393,248 HORIZONTAL POI1 TYPE BURNER I Filed Maren 25, 194s 4 sheets-sheet 2 y @MMM Jam 22, 1946 B. HAYTER E-rAL 2,393,248

HORIZONTAL POT TYPE BURNER u FfLledMal'Ghv 25, 1943 y 4 SheetS-Shet 5 v L 'F''q We .1 i! 2,393,248 y noarzon'rar. ro'r f nonnen Bruce Hayter, Santa Fe, N. Mex., and Sianlet7 Perry, Chi

cago, Ell., assignors to Oil Devices,

Santa Fe, N. Mex., a limited partnership oi' illinois Application March 25,A 1943, Serial-IN1. 480,450

lli Claims.

Our invention relates to an improvement in horizontal pot type burners and has for one object to provide an improved means for subjecting the fuel of a pot. type burner to heat of combustion. in order to vaporize. the fuel.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved means for delivering a. liquid fuel to the pot. Another object is "to provide improved means for heating the vaporizing cup. v

Another object is to provide an improved vaporizing cup structure. y y

Another object is to'provide a vaporizing cup with an increased vaporizing capacity.

Another object is to provide improved-means for conducting the'heat of the flame to the vaporizing cup.

Other objects will appear from time to time in the course of the specication. Our invention is illustrated more or less diagrammatically in the accompanying drawings, wherein: l

'Figure 1 is aplan view; Figure 2 is a section along the line 2--2 of Figure l;

Figure 3 is a Hgure 4; is a bottom plan view of the cup shown in Figures 2 and 3; y

Figure 5 is a section similar to Figure 3, showing a variant form of cup; Y

Figure 6 is a bottom plan view in Figure 5;

Figure i is a view similar to 'Figure 5 illustrating a further form of cup;

Figure 8 is a bottom plan view of the cup shown in Figure 7; and

Figure 9 is amore or less diagrammatic illustration of the' unitary control of motor, fuel supply and tertiary air.

Like parte are indicated by like l characters throughout the specication and drawings.

Referring to the drawings, l indicates generally ofthe cup shown any suitable heater structure or'ame receiving member, the details of which do not form part of the present invention. It is provided with an aperture 2 for admitting the flame and exhaust gases from the burner. 3 is any suitable exterior abutment plate which may be secured to the member i, in any suitable manner as, for example, by bolts d. The plate 3 may serve as a supporting means for the burner unit as ,a whole. Mounted on this base plate 3 is a ring t, having an annular ange Ei aligned with the aperture 2 and herein shown as having its 'inner lip l spaced within section along the line .'i-S of Figand terminating in the general plane of the edge 8 of a generally central aperture in the baseplate e 3. It may be removably mounted on the base plate t by any suitable spacers 9 and bolts 9--a.

For example, we may employ spacers 9 and bolts La extending therethrough outwardly from the base plate 3 through any suitable ears or enlargel ments of the ring ii. Securing nuts may be employed. The entire assembly -can be removed as aunlt frpm the base plate 3. It may be observed that air may'ow along the path indicated by arrows at the top of Figure 3 and may enter through the aperture between the ange 5 and the base plate 3.

Secured to the ring 5 is an outer housing Hl, herein shown as cylindrical and as having an end il with the generallycentral aperture l2. i3 generally indicates the burner pot proper with a bottom or end ifi. Its generally cylindrical but slightly tapered wallais provided with a plurality of primary air inlets-f l5. Similar inlets could, if desired,l be employed inthe end of bottom wall,

and it will be understood that substantial varia-y tions of size, spacing and arrangement of primary air inlet apertures may be employed.

Secondary air may be admitted through a row of larger and more closely spaced secondary air inlet apertures IS located adjacent the jring 5'. It will be understood that the inner portion of the ring 5 operates as a, name ring and is provided With a central aperture il' aligned with the corresponding apertures in the member l and the base ring iiA We may,A if desired, employ a recirculating ring i8, herein shown as mounted on the llame ring 5 by any suitable Spacers l@ and securing members 20. The inner edge of the lflame ringis spaced inwardly from -the wall of the pot [3. The flame ring has a central aperture 2l of about the same diameter as the aperture il of the name ring and preferably axially V aligned therewith. We illustrate the outer row of fan 25 is preferably such that it may pass through the aperture i2 in the bottom or end member H. The shield is in the form of a flat disk which may be centrally welded or otherwise secured to l jacent the recirculatng ring I8 and the name the bottom or end of the pot I3. Portions of the edge of the disk are inwardly bent, to provide spacing abutments for engaging the b'ottom of end of the pot. 28 is any suitable guiding means for directing air forwardly through the space between the pot I3 and the outer housing I0.

MountedV on the outer housing Ill by any suitable bracket or support 30 is any suitable fuel' control means such as the float chamber 3|, with any suitable v alve control handle 32. The details of the iloat chamber. and valve do not of themselves form part of the present invention but it will be understood that a liquid fuel may be de livered to the float chamber ifrom any suitable source and t t the float chamber serves to control the level of the fuel in the below described vaporizing cup 42. 33 indicates any suitable duct or pipe extendingto a sump element 34 located beneath the lower side of .the housing I0. 35 indicates any suitable union member screw threadedat its lower end as at 3B and at its upper end as at 31. The sump may be screw threaded upon the lower portion 36. 38 is any suitable lock nut also screw threaded upon the portion 36. 38 is any suitable .spacer surrounding the union 35 and interposed between the members IU and I3. 48 is a cup stem internally screw threaded at its lower end, and secured upon the screw threaded portion 31 of the u-ion.35. It has an inner bore 4I extending 'to its upper end andis expanded at its upper end to formja cup 42. It will'be understood that the relationv between the level of fuel in the 'cup 42 and the level of the -fuel in the float valve structure 3l is such that the level of liquid fuel in the bottom of the cup 42 may be controlled by the setting of the valve control element 32. Surrounding the l cup' `42 is an outwardly extending horizontal iiange 43 which isl cut away at one edge as at 44, the cut away portion being that most 'closely adring Extending vdownwardly from the bottom of the cup 42 and preferably formed inte-gral :vsith it and the 'stem 40 are a plurality of vanes In order to light the fuel, a lighting aperture isprovided. We illustrate for example, a ring in -the upper side of the pot I3, indicated at 48. In line with the ring, the outer housing I is apertured as at 49. Any suitable closure plug 58 may 5 be employed which rests gravitally against the upper surface of-.the ring 48 ina firm closing relationship. Ihe plugis also provided with a 'downwardly extending portion 5I of reduced ditype of cup 15 havingthe circumferential outwardly extending flange 18. Fins 11 are employed similar to the ns 45 of theform of Figure 3. Instead of the hollow passage 80, this form hasl an'extension generally indicatedas 18 which extends through the central aperture of the name ring 5. This extension \18 also mayhave upper and lower ribs 18, 88, respectively? We illustrate in connection with the form of Eigure 7, means for controlling the tertiary air. i

will be understood, however, that the same ,control means may also, be employed with the' titherlfoms of the invention. The tertiary air supply means includes any suitable tertiary air box 85 with a delivery lip 86 dening an annular 4 passage 81. Air may be admitted to the tertiary air box through` any suitable aperture 88 controlled by the tertiary air shutter 89 which may, for example, be pivoted as at 8D. Any suitable means may be employed for controlling 89 in unison with the manual oil control. There is illustrated for example in the diagrammatic Figure 9. the motor 25 with any suitable circuit 25a therefor. This circuit may be controlled by a rheostat 25h which in turn is controlled by rotation of the manual control handle 32a which simultaneously operates the oil control handle 32h.

Any suitable connection for actuating the )tertiary air shutter 88 may be employed including for example, the linkage 85 :between the shutter and the oil control member 32h. This means is shown diagrammatically but it will beunderstood that a variety of means may be yemployed for varying the movement of the tertiary air shut- 8l ter 4in response to the movement of the oil cong trol member. Thus there is a simultaneous con' trolof vthe air supplylng'motor 25, the oil ow .controlling member 32h, and the tertiary air control shutter 89.

40 The'use and operation of our device are as follows:

In the present burner, which is of the hydroxylatingtype, primary air is delivered to the interior of the pot I3 through primary air inlet apertures I5. We may use natural draft or we may use fan means, such as the fan 24, to cause the air to flow into the pot. A liquid fuel isv delivered to the bottom of the cup 42 along the passage 4 I Once combustion has been initiated, the fuel is vaporized by the heat of combustion in 5Vor adjacent the pot, and the vaporlzed hydrocarmixture is directed, leither under natural draft,

ameter which more or less snugly. fits the aperor by the fan 24, through the centralfaperture of tureof the ring 48. The plug may be held against/5 J the flame ring 5 and into the interior of the mem- Vthrough the apertures ofthe rings 5 and I8 and y,

therefore extends along the'. line of movement of the flame at intermediate or high fire. A lip 5I 'prevents the access of liquid fuel to the passage 60, unless the depth ofthe fuel in the cup rises up over the level of the lip. Thus the Vaporizing passage does not 4operate at pilot ame or at low fire except asa heat conductor to the cup. At high nre, it serves as a means of increasing or adding to the vaporizing capacity of the cup. 'I'he liquid flowing into the passage B0 is sub- J'ected to the maximum heating effect of the "llame or exhaust gases flowing outwardly through the ab'ove mentioned apertures.

- ber I. At high fire, a ilameis delivered horizontally to a substantial distance. The .cup is adef ture, a,-comple'tely combustible mixture is formed,

. and4 the flame of this combustible vmixture extends into the. interior of the lmember I. The space between the base member 3 and the flange 8 serves vfortlie' admission of additionaltertiary air, which prevents smoking and completes the f combustion of all or substantially all of the car- A' bon delivered into the interior of the memberl I.

At the llower stages of combustion, a much Jn the form of Figure '1,` we'illustrate a variant' Smaller rate of flow is maintained to the cup 42.

aeeaaea Combustion takes -place at or abovethe lip of the cup and more or less around the sides of the cup. In order to adequately heat thefcup, it ,is important that this heat of combustiony be adequately conducted to the cup and particularly to the bottom of the cup. The stem l0, the side flange 43, which is preferably more or less thickened as shown in Figure 3, and the vanes 45, all assist in conducting to the cup the heat of combustion going on about it, and the result is the maintenance of the cup at adequate temperatures to vaporize the inflowing hydrocarboneven when the rate of ,ow may be substantially reduced.

In the pre nt burner, it is important that the liquid fuel su plied to the vaporizlng cup be comd pletely consumed. The lcup must be hot-'enough for complete vaporization and the less volatile portions of the fuelfmust be consumed or re- -duced to a powder or light ash. This is particularly the case when relatively heavy fuels such as Diesel oil are burned.

In the form of Figures l to 4, we illustrate .a vaporizing cup having a plurality of heat conducting flanges and vanes. The vanes serve to conduct the heat of combustion' to the cup and to maintain the cup `at a sujmciently high temperature to eilect complete vaporization of the fuel, even at the pilot stage. v

yI'he form of Figures 5 and 6 illustrates the employment of a supplemental vaporizing cham- .ber extending along the path offlow ol' the het gases and llame. Ii' the liquid level in the cup gets high enough to flood over the lip Si, the liquid fuel is then heated Within the chamber d@ to a temperature high enough, rapidly and completely, to vaporize it. In eect, the capacity ci the. cup is increased when the volume of now is increased. The member @t also serves as a means of conducting the heat of combustion to the cup evenwhen the fuel level is too low to tlm the lipl.

In the formA of Figures '7 and following, the fins 'll correspond to the fins dof Figures 2 and 3, and perform the same function. In addition, the extension 78. conducts heat to the cup from the name as the prong is in contact with the flame and with the hot gases of combustion flowing out of the pot. We have omitted the recirculating ring from Figure 7. It will be understood that it may be employed, if desired.

We have also shown in connection with Figure 7, means for'unitarily controlling the air supply to the space about the pot, and the tertiary air inrelation to the rate of flowof the fuel.

cup, said stem being unitary with said down- 70 wardly extending anges. f,

2. In a pot` type horizontal burner,a horizon- Atally axised pot having an open end, a centrally apertured flame ring .partially closing said open end, and a circumferential wall with a plurality of air inlet apertures therein, a vaporizing cup It will be Iunderstood that this tertiary air controlg? vmay be employed, if desired, with all forms of our l located within said pot,I means for directing. a flow of liquidfuel to the cup and means for con.- ducting heat to the cup including a heat conducting element extending laterally from thecup a. substantial distance along the path of outward movement of the heatedgases and flame from the pot through said llame ring.` V

3. In a pot type horizontal burner, a horizontally axised pot having an open end, a centrally 10 .'.apertured llame ring partially closing said open uji-end, and a. circumferential Wall with a plurality '.aof air inlet apertures therein, a vaporizing cup located within saidpot, means for directing a flow of liquid fuel to the cup and. means for conducting heat to the cup including` a heat conducting element extending from the cup along l the path of outward movement of. the heated gases and flame from the. pot through said llame ring, said element being hollow and in communication with the interior of the cup.

4. In a pot type horizontal burner, a horizontally axised pot having an open end, a centrally apertured llame ring partially closing said open end, and a circumferential wall with a plurality of air inlet apertures therein, a vaporizing cup located within said pot, `means for directing a iiow of liquid .fuel to the cup and means for conducting heat to the cup including a heat conducting element extending from the cup along v and flame from the pot through said flame ring, said element being hollowand in communication with the interior of the cup, and means for 0 a heat conducting projection extending from the` cup along the path of ilow of the heated gases and-name from the pot, said projection being 'unitary with the cup and of substantially smaller diameter than the cup, and extending along the axis of the aperture of the flame ring.

e. in a por type burner, a pot having a circumferential wall with a plurality of air inlet apertures therein, a'vaporizlng cup located with-v in said pot, means for directing a flow of liquid fuel to the cup, means for conducting heat to the cup including a. unitary heat conducting projection extending from the cup, and a centrally apertured dame ring partially closing the mouth of the pot, said projection extending through the aperture of the ame ring.l

7. In a pot type burner, a pot having'a circumferential wall with a plurality of air inlet apertures therein, a vaporizlng ,cup located within said pot. means for directing a flow of liquid fuel to the cup, means for conducting heat tothe cup including a unitary heat conducting projection ,extending from the cup, .and a centrally aper.. tured flame ring partially closing the mouth lof the pot, saidprojection extending through the aperture of the ame ring, and a centrally apertured recirculating ring, within the pot, and surrounding said projection. n

8. As a new article of manufacture, a vapor.- vizing cup, for pot type. burners, including a cup 75 element, a stem unitary therewith, said stem havl the path of outward movement of the heated gases circumferential side wall having therein a pluf rality of air inlet apertures located at various distances from the end of the pot and distributed generallyv uniformly circumferentially about the pot, a vaporizing cup, located within said pot and including a cup bottom and a circumferential side wall, means i'ordirecting a now of liquid fuel to the interior, of said cup,`and means for I conductingv heat to said cup including ilange means extending downwardly from the bottom of the cup, the cup, including its bottom and side wall and said iianges, constituting a unitary metal member of substantially greater thickness than the' gauge of the sheet metal of the burner pot.

10. As a new article of manufacture, a Vaporiz- Y ing cup adapted for use in hydroxylating burners,

which includes an open topped cup body surrounded by an integral circumferential wall, a

stem, unitary with said body, having a bore i:

communication with the interior of the cup at a level adjacent the bottom of the cup, and heat conducting anges extending downwardly from 'said body, said iianges being inthe form of re1- atively thin sheets generally perpendicular to and unitary with the bottom of the cup.

l1. vl-is a new article of mamlfacture, a vaporiZing cup adapted for use in hydroxylating burners, which includes an open topped cup body surrounded by an integral circumferential wall,'a stem, unitary with said body, having a. bore in communication with the interior ofv the cup at a level adjacent the bottom of the cup, heat con ducting flanges extending downwardly, from said body, said iianges being in the form of relatively thin sheets generally perpendicular to and unitary with the bottom of'the cup, said stem "extending downwardly from the bottom of the cup at a generally central point, said anges radiating outwardly from said stem, and being in heat conducting relationship therewith.

J BRUCE HAYTERh STANLEY PERRY.

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