US2390428A - Universal vise - Google Patents

Description

J. A. DlssE UNIVERSAL VISE Filed oci. 12,1942

2 Sheets-Sheet 1 BY Y l ATTRNEYS.

Patented Dec. 4, 1945 y UNITED STATES lrareNTV oFF-lcs 2,390,428;y .11 y UNIVERSAL visa* y Josef A. Disse, Detroit, Mich.. Application october 12, 1942', serial no. 461,822 y 1 claim.` 01. sis-41) 'I'his invention relates to universal vises and hasifor its principal object the provision of such a vise capable of presenting a piece of work secured therein inany position to a cutting ele. A ment intended to operate upon the work in a simple and efficient manner. i

Objects of the invention include the provision of ayuniversal vise supported for movement about a plurality of pivotal axes through any one or all of which the vise may be: positioned to present a piece ofgworksupportedthereby to a cutting element; the provision of a universal vise providing rotatable adjustment of `the vise itself about a plurality of pairs of spaced and parallel axes, Whchpairs of raxes may be vertically or horizontally arrangedand when in the same plane arranged atangles to one another; the provision of a universal vise structure including a base and a vise and a plurality of pivotally interconnected `elements connecting the two, and in which the vise is shiftable` relative to the base independently of the pivotal connections; the provision of a universal vise structure in which the elevation of the vise itself and the parts supported thereby may be accomplished without necessitating the shifting of the base with respect to its supporting surface in order to maintain the work in alignmentl with respect to a cutting tool adapted to operate upon the work; the provision of a universal vise capable of being mounted on a magnetic chuck or table without danger of magnetizinguthe major portion of the vise itself; and the provision of a universal visey of the type described that is relatively simple in construction, economical to build, rugged in construction, and eihcient in operation. A i

The above being among the objects of the present invention the same consists in certain novel features of construction and combinations of parts to be hereinafter described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and then claimed, Y

having the above and other objects in view. s

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate a suitable embodiment of the present invention and in which like numerals refer to like parts throughout the several different views,

Fig. 1 is a partially broken, partially sectioned side elevational view of my improved universal vise structure; y

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the universal vise shown .in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3-is an end view of the vise shown in the preceding views and taken looking from the lefthand end thereof; and,

Figs. 4, 5, and 6 are side elevational views of the illustrating the same adjustedto various posi-f' tionskof operation. Y y. i y

Asis commonly'understood by those skilled in the art; universal vises: are commonly employed byitoolfglmakersor the like forthe purpose of presenting a piece of work at a desired angle 'or relation to. a cutting tool such as al grinding wheel, drill or otherv boring element, orcthey like, for the purpose of performing a cutting operation upon the work.V The universal vise of the present in; vention has been designed to enable such piece' of work supported by the `vise to be presented in substantiallly any position to a cutting element with-` out requiring shiftinglof the `vise with respect to its support inmmost instances and has been accomplished in lsuch a manner as to provide a universal vise of minimum size for the required capacity of the vise and in such al manner that shifting of the vise to present the Work supported thereby in Varied relation to a lcutting element may be accomplished in a simple, quick, and eicient manner. 1 i

Universal vises -as heretofore suggested when formed from steel or other magnetic material have been of such character that when supported on aimagnetic table or chuck the vise itselfbecomes magnet-,ized with the result that the` chips orY the like produced in the cutting operation on the work supported thereby adhere to the vise structure and cause a great deal of inconvenience. While the vise of the presentrinvention is preferably constructed substantially entirely of steel or other magnetic material precautions have been taken whereby the base o f the device is the only part thereof that `will become magnetized under such conditions, and, therefore, the principal objections to the prior art devices `,occurring when employed on magnetic tables or the like is eliminated. "This is accomplished by insulating the base from theremainder of the structure by a non-magnetic Amaterial and preferably a nonmagnetic metal so'that the required rigidity of the device is not aiected because of the inclusion of this feature. s

Referring now to the accompanying drawings it will be noted that Ithe universalvise structure thereshown comprises a relatively wide base l0 of generally uniform thickness throughout provided with a pluralityl of conventional bolt slots i 2 along opposite sidesthereof by means of which thebase may be clamped to a table or other supporting surface by bolts and nuts in a conventional mannerQAt one end of the base I0 and centrally thereof aA cylindrical opening i4 isprolvided in which is closely received a bushing I6 having a radially outwardly directed annular fiange I8 at its upper end which overlies the upper surface of the base I6 about the margins of the opening I4 in contact with such upper surface.V A short post 20 is relatively tightly received within the bushing I6r with its lower face upwardly spaced from the lower face of the base I and its upper end projecting upwardly above the upper face of the flange I8 and preferably having its upper end of conical or of truncated conical conformation as shown. A pin 22, preferably of tapered conformation, is projected through the end of the base IIB and through the bushing I6 and post 20 to positively lock both the bushing I6 and the post 26 against movement axially of the opening I4 and to prevent relative rotation of these partsy relative to the base I0. Additionally, the'post 28 immediately below the truncated upper conical end portion thereof is provided with a circumferential groove 24 therein as best brought out in Fig. 1.

VA part or member 26 is relatively closely received upon the upwardly projecting end of the post for rotation about the axis of the latter, the opening 28 therein for reception of the post 20 preferably being formed for complementary reception of the upper frusto-conical end of the post 20 as shown. The lower portion of the member 26 is preferably cylindrical and is provided with a circular scale 30 thereon as best indicated in Fig. 3 andy a cooperating pointer mark such as 32 and indicated in Fig. 3 may be provided on'the base Ill and bushing ange I8 so aS to indicate the relative rotatable position of the member26 relative to the base I0. A set screw 33 is threaded radially through the side of the member 26 and its inner end projects into the groove 24 of the post 20 in order to enable the member 26 to be locked in rotatably adjusted position and to prevent its axial removal from the post 20 when the screw 33 is loosened.

As best indicated in Fig. 3 the part 26 is provided with an upwardly projectingat sided tongue or projection 34 one face of which is preferably located substantially diametrically of the axis of rotation of the part 26 about the post 2U. A .complementary tongue or projection 36 formed on a block-like member 38 extends downwardly from the member 38 into face-to-face engage- -y to indicate the relative rotatable position of one with respect to the other if desired.

The block-like member 38 has a flat vertically directed righthand face as viewed in Figs. 1 and 2 and it is provided with a cylindrical bore therethrough arranged perpendicularly with respect to 'such face. A screw 42 projects through such opening and is threadably received in the lateral- 1y Offset arm 44 0f an arm or member 46 which normally extends toward the opposite end of the base I0, or to the right as viewed in Figs. 1 and 2. The arm 44 at its point of engagement with the block member 38 is cincularly enlarged as at 48 and may be provided on the lefthand face thereof, as viewed in Fig. 1, with a circular scale 50, shown in Fig. 3, for cooperation with a suitable POQ'GQI mark on the block member 38 whereby to enabley the relative rotational position of these parts to l Vbe determined.

As indicated in Fig.r1 the length of the arm 46 is preferably such that it projects beyond the mid-point of the base I0 when the device is in the position illustrated in Fig. 1. At its free end and as best brought out in Fig. 2 the1 arm 46 is provided with a transverse bore 54 therein 4in which is received a screw 56 which projects therethrough and is threaded into the side of a block-like member 60 thus mounting the latter for rotation about the axis of the bolt 56. The member 66 is square in section at its upper end as viewed iniFig. 1 and as brought out in Fig. 2 but its lower end is turned into circular'conformation of a diameter equal to thewidth thereof, the turned surface being located'in a conical surface whose axis The block 60 is provided with a central Ybore therethrough, directed vertically when the block 68 is in the position shown in Fig, 1,'in which a bolt 18 is closely but rotatably received. The bolt 'I0 has non-rotatably secured thereto a disc- 12 lying against the bottom face of the block membel' 68, aS Viewed in Fig. 1, and which is peripherally provided with a circular scale 'I4 cooperable with a suitable pointer marking on the circular n lower edge of the block member 6I'I for indicating the rotatable position of the bolt i8 with respect t'o the block member 60.

Resting upon the top of the block' member 66 in the position of the parts illustrated in Fig. 1, is a vise which comprises a base 6I)V having upstandirg rigid parts 82 and 64 on opposite ends thereof the first of which serves as one of the jaws v of the vise. The remaining jaw of the vise comprises a block-like member 86 slidably received upon the base 86 and having depending side fianges 88 which relatively closely embrace the sides of the base 88. A screw 90 is threaded through the upstanding part 84 and its end is projected into the vise jaw partl 86 where it is preferably retained against relative axial movement with respect thereto by means of a conventional snap ring such as 88. Thus it will be appreciated that by rotation of the screw 90 the to clamp a piece of work between the jaws 82- and 86 the axial pressure between the coned end of the screw and the coned end of the opening in the jaw 86 will tend to force the jaw 86 downwardly with respect to the base 88. Therewill ordinarily be a sufficient running clearance between the end of the screw 96 and the opening for reception of it in the jaw member 86 to permit a limited amount of action in the above described 80 fout through the end of the jaw 82.

`yular tothe axis of the bolt10.

respect. 'I'hescrew 90 is, of course, provided with laiconventional operating handle such as 92.

tlon of .the vise illustrated in Fig. 1 and opening atta less width than` its `diameter onto the `oper-- ,ative or clamping face of the jaw'member 8B.

`Where a .part that `does no t have parallel side .faices is to `be clamped into the device, then an `extension `99 of cylindrical character comple- :mentary` in` sizezto the opening `$36 may be applied to thefjaw member 86 with the extension 99 thereof received `in the opening 96, The member `Slis thus mounted :for alimited amount of swiv- `elable movement aboutthe axis of the opening M 96 `a.nd..may adjust itself toconform to the angubodily longitudinal adjustment on the block Amemberilitl and this is accomplished in the following manner. The base member 80 is provided `witbfa cylindrical opening therein which extends centrally lthereof from a point which may i be` approximately midway the length of the base The `bolt is provided with a cylindrical head |02 H'which is relatively closely and slidably received in the bore |00. It `will be understood that the head |02 nisof substantially the same diameter as the bore |00 and is arranged in axially aligned relation with respect thereto and that, therefore, the axis ofthe cylindrical head |02 is perpendic- To enable thel bolt l0 to be inserted into position with the head |02 thereof in the bore |00, an opening or slot |04,`best shown in Fig. 2, is provided in the upper face of the body 80 leading into the bore |00 and is ofisuicient size to pass the head `|132 of the bolt 10 therethrough. A slot |05 is provided in the lower face of the body 80 centrally of the boreflil0 and is of such width as to passthe body of the bolt 10 therethrough. Thus in assembly the bolt 10 may be projected downwardly first through the slot |02, then through the bore |00, then through the slot |96 and into. the block member and the head V|02 thereof will follow through the slot IDG and into the bore |00 without being capable of passing through the slot |06 in View of the fact that the diameterof the head |02 is greater than the diameter of the body of the bolt 10. A nut ||0 vwhich is received on the screw 10 below the scale ring '12. preferably in conjunction with a cooperating lock washer H2, provides a means by which the head |02 of the bolt 10 may be `drawn downwardly to rigidly clamp tre body 80 of the vise against the upper surface of the block 60. i Y

. The slot |ll|` in the bottom of the body 80 preferably extends from a point adjacent the i-aw 82 to a point approaching the blind or opposite end of the opening |00. This is for the purpose of permitting the vise as a unit to be shifted bodily in the direction of its length on the upper face of the block 60. It will be appreciated that by loosening the nut ||0 su'iciently and by reason of tre fact that the head 02 of the screw 10 is slidable in the bore |00 of the body 80 and the shank of the screw is slidable in the slot 0S, such euxiuary dampingemember ss of the same width asl the. iaws of the visea'nd having a rearward 4shifting movement may be readily effected. Pref.. erably screw means are provided for facilitating such shifting movement of the vise on the block 60 and this comprises a screw |20 concentric with the bore |00 and xed against axial movement in the body 00. It is provided with a head"|22 exposed on the righthand face of the portion 84 andA formed for reception of a suitable wrench. The 'screw |20 extends freely through the bore and into the body |00 where it is threadably received by the head |02 of the bolt 1'|0 centrally thereof- Accordingly, it will be appreciated that by lrotating the screw 20 the vise as a whole may be `caused to shift axially of the cylindrical bead |02 of the bolt T0 and, therefore. transversely with respect to the block 60. `It will'also `be appreciated, of course, that after longitudinal adjustrnent of the vise on the block 60 the nut I0 willA be tightened up to rigidly lock the vise-in its `thus shifted position. f

`The vise as a whole is, of course, rotatable relative to the block 50 about the axis of tre `nut 'l0 and the relative rotation of the vise onV the block 60 is, of course, indicated through the scale 14. The nut ||0 must, of course, be loosenedv on the bolt l0 to permit adjustment of the visev as Y a whole 'about the axis of the bolt T0 and retightened after the adjustment is made. A similar procedure must, of course, be followed in adjusting any `other part or member aboutits axis of rotation in adjusting the vise, to present the Work clamped therein in the proper position and at the proper angle to a cutting tool to kbe applied thereto.

From the above it will be, appreciated that because of the many axes of rotation about which the vise as a whole may be swung, a piece of work supported in the vise may be presentedin substantially any position and at substantially any Aangle with respect to a cutting tool intended to perform an operation on the work. The part Z6 being rotatable through 360 degrees about the axis of the post 20 permits the vise as a whole `to be turned therewith about such axis through 36!) degrees, In Fig. 4 it is shown swung about the axisof the post .20 through 180 degrees. `Likewise the vise as a whole is capable of being swung about the axis of the screw 40 through an arc of in excess of 180 degrees, in fact through an arc closely approximating 230 degrees in the particular construction shown; In Fig. 4 it is shown swung about such axis 180 degrees from the position illustrated in Fig. 1. Additionally, the arm and the parts carried thereby is capable of swinging through 360 degrees of movement about the axis of the bolt 42. It will be appreciated that in order to accomplish this full rotational movement of the arm 45 about the axis of the bolt 42 it is necessary for the free end of the arm it to be raised sufliciently above the base to provide clearance above base l0 for the vise itself, if the base I0 is not recessed in its upper face. Preferably, however, a recess |24 is provided in the upper face of the base lll and preferably such recess as shown is formed to present a pair of partially cylindrical recesses intersecting one another at right angles approximately centrally below the axis of the bolt 'l0 as viewed in Figs. 1 and 2. This provides additional clearance for the vise structure itself during certain of the albove described movements. In Fig. 5 the arm t6 and the parts carried thereby are illustrated as having been swung through an arc of de-Y grees about the axis ofthe bolt42 from theposition illustrated in Fig. 1. The block 60 and the `vise as a whole is swingablethrough 360 degrees -about vthe axis ofthe bolt l and is bodily shiftable' laterally of such axis as previously described.

It will thus be appreciated from the foregoing that provisions are made for rotating the vise as a Ywhole Vabout pairs of parallel but spaced axes both vertically and horizontally arranged. -For instance,`V in the relation of the parts illustrated in Fig. 1 the vise as a whole is swingable about V`both the vertical axis of the post 29 and about the vertical axis of the bolt 10. It isV likewise rotatable'about the axes of both the bolt 46 andthe bolt 56 thus providing movement about a pair of parallel, spaced and horizontally directed' axes when the axis of the bolt 56 is so disposed. If the vise asa whole is swung about the axis of the bolt 56 through 90 degrees from the position illustrated in Fig. l, then it is swingable as a whole about the axis of the bolt l2 and also the' axis of the bolt 'lli which is now arranged in parallel relation with respect to the bolt 42, thus providing a diierent pair of parallel axes about which the vise may be swung and in a plane which may vary between verticalV and horizontal positions depending upon the relative rotatable positions f the members 26 and 38 about the axis of the bolt l). Because of this feature it Will be appreciated that the vise is capable of presenting work clamped therein in substantially any position and at substantially any angle to a cutting element arranged to operate upon the work.

` It will be appreciated that the ability to'shift the vise as a whole upon the block Bil transversely of the axis of the Vbolt involves numerous advantages apparent to those skilled in the art. One advantage is, for instance., that a piece of Work may be clamped in the vise While it is in the position illustrated in Fig. l, for instance, and at which time the work may `be vertically aligned with a vertically directed drill or the like,A and it may thereafter be desirable to raise the work without requiring shifting of the 'base lil relative to the part upon which it is supported and still keep the alignment of the work and the drill or the like. Were it not for'the ability to shift the vise transversely with respect to the axis of the bolt 10 then, as the vise is raised andas illustrated in Fig; 6,`it would necessarily be shifted laterally with respect to its original position as the arm 166 swings about the axis of the bolt G. In the present case this lateral shifting movement may be oiiset by operating the screw |lto return it to its originally vertically aligned relation with respect'to the drill or the like.

Itis to be particularly noted that the axes of the bolts 42 and 55 lie in a common plane, and that the axes of the bolt 42 and m lie in a common plane. Because of the fact that the vise is shiftable as a whole transversely of the axis ofthe bolt 10, any object clamped in the vise may be centralized with the axis of the bolt lo, and because of the co-planar relationship of the bolt 52 with the bolt 56 and with the bolt 10, the vise may be swung about the axis of the bolt l@ to present the work in the vise to a tool, without affecting the position of the work with respect to the tool except rotatably. Likewise, if the vise is swung 90 about the axis of the bolt42, to the position shown in Fig. 5, for instance,rthe work maybe presented to the tool differently but in this case Vmay be swung about the axis of the bolt 56 without changing the position of the work with respect to the tool,A except rotatably. i

Universal vises are often employed for sup.- porting a cutting tool or cutting tool bit at the proper angle and position for operation thereon by a grinding wheel in order to sharpen' it,`and in many cases such grinders are provided with a magnetic table or chuck towhich the universal vise is magnetically secured during the'grinding operation. In the past such universal vises have been such that when applied toa magnetic table of the type described they are inthernselves permanently or otherwise magnetizedwith the resultl thatV any chips, abradings, or'the likeremoved from the work adhere to the vise and from which it is relatively diicult to remove them,

and this generally causes great inconvenience",V

rIhis disadvantage is v trouble andV loss of time. overcome in connection with the visek shownby making the bushing I6 and the pin'22 vof vbrass or other'non-magnetic material which, combined with a spacingV between the bottom-ofthe post Z0 and the bottom'of the base l, prevents .any direct contact of any partof Ythe structure'except thev base IG with the magnetic table or chuck. Thus while the base l0 may become magnetized under such conditions the remaining portion of the vise structure will remain unmagnetized and, therefore, will be free of the disadvantages in this respect to which conventional universal vises are subjected under similar conditions. If, however, it is ever desired to have the vise magnetized for any reason whatever, it is only necessary to bridge the insulation bushing |6|8 withV a piece of steel to short'circuit the bushing, whereby thedesired result will'be obtained. Such piece of steel maybe of 'any suitable character, but in the drawings by way of illustration is shown as a piece of strip." steel |30 which is secured to the base Ill' by'a screw |32 and about which the strip |36 may be swung into, or out of, contact with the lower part-of the block 26.

While reference heretofore has been made in all cases of the use of the vise for holding a piece of work for operation thereon by a cutter or the likeyan important function of a vise constructed in accordance with the present invention is`i`n connection with the vise structure itself serving aspart of a cutting tool. This is particularly true in the use of the vise structure shown as a grinding wheel trimming device. In this connection it will be appreciated that if a diamond point is clamped in the vise proper and the nut H0 `on the bolt 13 is loosened, then the vise with the diamond point may be swung about the axis of the bolt 'I0 and will carry the diamond point in an arc at which it may be desired to dress the face of a grinding wheel.V Such arc may be varied to any radius vdesired either by shifting the position of the diamond'point in the vise or by shifting the vise as a whole on the'head |02 of the bolt 'l5'. The vise may also be swung about any of its other pivotal axes if desired or necessary for this purpose.` The vise structure as a whole may be suitably supported in relation to the grinding wheel whereby Such movement maybe obtained. On the other hand, the vise with the diamond point so supported may be employed to dress a flat surface on a grinding Wheel and in any desired relation with respect to the work. For instance, if it is desired to form a truly cylindrical surface on a grinding wheel the vise structure may be arranged so that rotation of the screw |20 will carry the point across the face of the grinding wheel in parallel relation with respect to its axis. On the other hand, the angularity of the face to be dressed may be varied with respect to the axis by simply rotating the vise proper about the axis of the bolt 42 to the desired angle and then the vise moved by the screw |20 to carry the diamond point over the wheel. On the other hand, movement of the vise with the diamond point about any of the other axes provided will provide additional movements of the diamond point at various radii or along a straight line at different angles as desired. This feature makes the vise of the present invention of increased utility as compared to universal vises of the conventional construction.

Having thus described my invention what I claim by Letters Patent is:

In combination, a support, a bolt rotatably received by said support, a head on said bolt disposed with itslaxis perpendicular to the axis of said bolt, a vise having a base provided with an opening extending longitudinally thereof and a slot leading 'from said opening to the bottom face of said vise base, said head of said bolt being slidably received in said opening in said vise base and the body of said bolt being slidable longitudinally of said slot, a jaw member slidably i received on said vise base, screw means cooperating between said vise base and said jaw member for moving said jaw member on said vise base, and screw means cooperating between said vise base and said head of said bolt for moving said vise bodily in the direction of the axis of said head of said bolt.

JOSEF A. DISSE.

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