US2387594A - Furnace door - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 23, 1945. 1 s LQNGENECKER n I 2,387,594

FURNACE DOOR Filed May 13, 1942 Y 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 vla@ E INVENT 0R.

Oct.. 23, 1945. 1 s, LoNGl-:NECKER 42,387,594

FURNACE DOOR l Filed May 13, 1942 5 sheets-sheet 2 INY .ENT O R Oct. 23, 1945. 1 s. LONGENEckl-:R

FURNACE IDOOR Filed May 13, 1942 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Oct. 23, 1945. 1 s, LONGENECKER FURNACE .DOOR

5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed May 13, 1942 INVENTGR Oct .'23, 1945. L s. LONGENECKER l 2,387,594

. FURNAGE DOOR Filed May 15, 1942 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 MA1/Amman.

Patented Oct. 23, 1945 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFlcE4 FURNACE DOOR Levi S. Longenecker, Mount Lebanon, Pa. Application May 13, 1942, Serial No.442,873

nlelaims. (c1. 11o-173) This invention relates to furnace doors and more particularly to doors for the charging openings of open hearth, heating and other metallurgical furnaces.

Some of these furnaces are provided with relatively short charging openings which are controlled by one door, while others have charging openings which extend throughout substantially 4the full length of the furnace chamber, are unobstructed throughout their length and are controlled bya number of doors arranged in side by side relation.

. In United States patents granted to me on Dec. 1'7, 1935 and June 30, 1936 and numbered 2,024,649 and'2,045,661 and 2,045,662, I disclose metallurgical furnaces having charging` openings which extend substantially throughout the length of the furnace chamber and doors Awhich are not only designed to be used in side by side relationto control theserelatively long charging openings, but which can be used for controlling relatively short or individual charging openings as well.

An object of this invention is fto produce an improved door for furnaces such as open hearth furnaces, heating furnaces and other metallurgical furnaces.

1 Another object of this invention is to produce a novel and improved ventilated or air cooled frame for furnace doors provided with a refractory block or tile lining. i

A further object is to produce a door for metallurgical furnaces in which, during operation, there will be substantially no distortion or warpage A still `further object is to produce a door for metallurgical furnaces, which includes interlocking refractory blocks or tile and a cast metal frame for supporting such blocks or tile and which is of such construction that no part thereof is subjected directly to the furnace temperatures when the door is in use.

These and other objects which will be apparent to those skilled in this particular art, I attain by `means'of the structure described in the specification and illustrated in theldrawings accompanying and forming part of this application.

In a general Way, the furnace door of this invention comprises a frame which is preferably members and having slot-likeventilatingopenings in their sides. Interlocking refractory tile or blocks are arranged in courses between the top and bottom members and are tied to the back memberof the door by means of hangers which are slid to position within brackets secured in place within the furrows in the inner or furnace side of the back member.

In the drawings, which illustrate the preferred embodiment of this invention:

Figure 1 is a perspective view looking toward the back and one end of a furnace door embodying this invention;

Fig. 2 is an elevational view looking toward the back of the main casting of the door of Figure 1;

Fig. 3 is a top planview of the casting of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is an end view looking toward the lef hand side of the casting;

Fig. 5 is a sectional View of Fig. 2; i

i Fig. 6 is a sectional View taken on line VI-VI of Fig. 2;

Fig. 7 is an elevational View looking toward the inner or furnace side of the door of Fig. 1 with some of the refractory blocks or tile omitted;

Fig. 8 is a transverse sectional View of a furnace equipped with a door embodying this invention. The door of this View is in section and is assumed to be taken on line VIII- VIII of Fig. 7, but with all of the refractory blocks or tile in place, The door is shown in closed positiontilted toward the furnace and the mechanism for operating the door is graphically illustrated.

Fig. 9 isa perspective view of a hanger such as is used to secure the refractory blocks or tile to the brackets, which are located Within the furrows of the furnace side of the back member and between the top and bottom members of the taken on line V-V i door of Fig. 1;

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of one of the brackets for receiving the hangers of Fig. 9. These brackets are bolted in place Within Vthe furrows in the furnace side of the back member of the door; Y

Figs. 11 and 12 are perspective views of castings which are used (zo-operatively in forming .a section of the end brackets of the door of Fig. 1.

Fig. 13 is a perspective View of three refractory blocks, a bracket and ahanger by means of which one of such blocks is secured to the bracket;

Fig. 14 is a perspective View of a full block and a portion of another block and shows the hanger side of such blocks; and

Fig. 15 is a View showing a portion of the structure of Fig. 8 on an enlarged scale.

The door frame, the main portion of which is cast in one piece, preferably from steel or steel alloy is illustrated in detail in Figs. 2-6 inclusive and includes a back member I5, the outside face of which is shown in Fig. 6. This back member is :of ,substantially uniform .thickness .and resembles a -z'corrugated .'plate .having :alternately arranged uniform furrows and ridges in opposite sides thereof. These furrows and ridges when the door is in position on a furnace, extend vertically, and the sides of these furrows andridges are provided with slot-like Ventilating 4openings I6.

The top and bottom members "o`f 'the n"frame, which are respectively numberedv I1 and 4 |8, extend at right angles to back member l5, and, as

y-shown :in -the v:drawings have :their couter viside fedges flush @with 'ftheft'ops of :the ridges fof fthe .outer 'side "of the` back fmember.

side, .'is .provided with fan rupstanding :fiiange alii), :has afseriesof z spacedzears :for 'accommodating fthe :door operating .mechanism fand :fa :central bracing ange 2| Whichaconnects Withsaid ears and :the zupstanding lan'ge rat .its Sends. .'llhe Itop member is also provided .withrslitelike iopenings for slots 22 Awhich :extend ra fdistance inwardly from' its. furnace `sideftoaprovide forvexpansion and contraction due to changingtemperatur'e icon'- ditions.

Bo'ttom 1|8iof the 1frame .extends finwardly 1beyond the ridges on its furnace side, and this tinwardly :extending portion '-.is iprovided '-with Ss'lit- -Iike Lopeningsoreslo'ts .F2310 provide for expansion and contraction of :the fbottom membe'r adue to changing temperature conditions A series, consisting of four brackets 12.4 rr'@Fig. T) arranged=end to endf ands'lightlyzs'paced.. as shown in Fig. 7, is located within each of thefull idepthiurrowsin -.the V.furnace side;A of sback.mem fber i5. ,.'Ihese brackets 11 are l.secured in Iplacejby bolts v'25 which 'extend ithrough :slots 26 -in #the .back :member in aline with zsaid ebrackets. .The .nuts '21 for suchfboltsz'are llocated awithinirdepres- .sions f2s :formed inslugslZ 9 'of each bracket "mem- 5iber. *Theselugst withinzthe furrowse'andspace `.the fbralcketswaway :from the backrmember.

.Each series lof.V brackets `:terminates a` slight dis- .tance .below-.top member l-'l to provide '.-a .-space which permits hangers '30, `:'suchl as .illustrated :in

Fig. 9, attached to the refractory blocks or tile,

t3| is-*aseriesdfsectionalbracketssuch as `shown at 33,'lg. f6. These"'braokets are "made up "of parts 34 and 35 (Figs. 11 and 12).I

'lIn assembling =and 4.securing these -seetional' :brarzketsiin` place .fagainsn end fm'enibers 3| parts .35 :'dfx.ea.'chf'series. are bolted 'in .position 'lbylm'eans Hof :bolts :.35 '.whi'chfpass athroughzcored iholes! in :the centeraears 38 'gof .,:parts 315. These tbolts are .inserted from-.the inside ofthe 'end members 3|. i the nuts for the bolts contacting with theout- .side faces .of ...ears .,38. -With eachfmemb-Gl brackets .33.

secured in place by its bolt 36, parts 34 are next placed in position with their lugs 39 in contact with ears 40 and 4| of parts 35. Bolts are then inserted, also from the inside of end members 3|, through openings 32 which register with the cored holes in ears 40 and 4| of parts 35. These bolts pass through cored holes in the lugs 39 of parts 34. The outer ends of these cored holes are squared and countersunk or depressed to Alyreeeivethe nutsfor thesefbolts.l f

Each ,part .3.5 .vis provided with aiportion 42 which extends toward the furnace side of the door and is provided with a right angled Viiange Y 43 spaced from its body portion 44 to provide part of a groove 45 for receiving the end hangers fontheend refractory blocks or tile.

Each part 34 has a ange 46 which extends foutwardly/'atfright angles to its body portion 41, and body portion 41 has a right angled flange 48 which co-operates with flange 43 of part 35 to tform :another `part :of the hanger groove of end .brackets33-.at th'efendsof thesdoor'ifram'e.

Since t the r door ofthis 1 invention iadapted to be supported in an inclined position zagainstithe furnace when closing .the .furnace fopening, as vshown in Fig. 8, the .bottom memberitaliasfbolted against `its underside :a 'fseries :made up [of ..the roast metal members A149,151), @5| vand .=52.1..Elhese membersform :the `:support forithe ldoor whenrin closed position and zserve'zasnrenewableswear *members Eachl of 'the' end 'memberssdl zand 'l'fis provided With a downwardly extending .tapered pin-like-.projection 53.V

These :pins 153,'When the :door l:approaches1th lower limit-r of L its travel, enter'hles f5.4 .formed "for ytheir reception infdoor sill '55.

` 'The door frame on .its 7furnace iside upro- -vided with arefractoryflining56xmade:up-of rre- ;fractory blocks or itile l'5-1 xwhich :alone :are exposed zto the .'furnace'.temperatureandhotigases.

.These blocks L or tile are preferably. of zthe :type disclosed vin :my `United `States PatentA .I 1559.0 ,303 of June 29, 1926 and Patent 1,913,163 of .Junef.6, r1933. .'Ihe latter patentdiscloseszmodified rforms of refractory :blo'cksaor ftile'fembodyingstherin@- .vention of 'said-earlier ipatent; fsuch, modications adapting the blocks or tile for 'fuse with individual support :hangers inthe construction of suspended Yroofs and ywalls. -Such lhangers .are .also disclosed infconnection wvithztherapronfwall illustrated in my United States :Patent 3199773.99, of -'October 123, 1934. I f

Refractory-'lining 561I comprisesfmultiple .courses .of interlocked :and :bonded .refractory .blocks or tile 51. Each tile is formed with a T-shaped -groove 'inone :of its .faces-adj acent fthe@` outer `end .thereof .for thereception of fthe 'l'l-shapedleg iof a-hanger such as idisclosedin rFig. .-9. :Arrecess formed in -its opposite'face 'is formed for reception offleg 5-9cf saidfhanger. Whenith'e hanger is attached :to 'ea l:block or .ti1e,the' T- shaped leg 58 as well-:aslegf59fareinxeifect tem- .bedded .in the 4refractory :'material. -1='Ihe :louter .endiof-.each hangersis..'iormed--'withK arpair of lugs .E 0 l-Whichfareadapted ..to sslide withintthe grooves .or slots .of intermediate brackets 2.4 A:and rend .In laying up'thecoursesfofithe liningtheblocks orftile With-.hangers attached athereto: are-:suposi- .tioned that the :lugs f6.0 fof -the hanger :register with the slot.orzslotsinthe'brackets. :A unit con'- fsisting `of -a #block or etile aand its .hanger lis :then ylowered to position. By layingzup' the rblo'cksfor Atile in vcourses,"theztongues of theidolockszare @positioned:in.the'correspondinglyshaped depressions or recesses in the blocks disposed'above or below thesame, as the case may be. The joints between contiguous faces of the blocks are completely sealed, thus giving protection to back member I5 and the brackets and hangers from the heat and burning gases which come in contact with the furnace side of the refractory lining. i

The refractory blocks are preferably bonded and interlocked, as disclosed in my UnitedStates Patent 2,045,661 of June 30, 1936, or in my United States Patent 2,272,217 of Feb. l0, 1942.

.Each end series of brackets made up of parts 34 and 35 extends `upwardly to the level of the under face of top member I 1. This permits hanger anchoring of the end blocks of the upper` course.

After these end blocks are in place, an angle casting 6I is bolted to each upstanding end ange of .top member I1; Each of these castings is so formed as to overlie the end tiles of the top course aswell as end brackets 33, as shown in Figs. l and 7.

From the drawings, and especially Figs. 1, 6, 7 and 8, it will be seen that the refractory lining extends outwardly beyond the top and bottom members of the door frame, and laterally beyond the door frame proper to the outer edges of flanges 46.

The blocks or tile forming the three upper courses, as shown at B2 in Fig.`8, are made shorter than the remaining blocksV or tile. The blocks or tile located below these short blocks including the blocks 63 forming the bottom course, which blocks are special so as to protect bottom member I8, are of exceptional depth in order to provide a thick refractory lining.

Since the door, when closed, rests in inclined position against the furnace, as shown in Fig. 8, therelatively short tile 62 forms an offset which permits the upper courses of long tile to project inwardly under a` water cooled lintel 64 Iwhich extends along the furnace above the charging opening.

The courses of short tile 62 extend close to or contact with the outer face of this lintel when l the door is closed. i

The door operating mechanism, a portion of which is disclosed` in Fig. 8, is disclosed and claimed in an application led by me onMay 13,

1942 and serially numbered 442,874. This mech- L anism in a general way, but only in a general Way, resembles the door operating mechanism of my United States Patent 2,045,662 of June 30, 1936. `The door of the present invention, like the door of said patent, is designed to be righted to near vertical position by the door operating mechanism before it is raised.

The center of mass of the door is located toward the furnace and Well beyond the sill contact portion of the door, and, since support plates 49, 58. 5I and 52 attached to the bottom member ofthe door frame incline upwardly from pins 53 toward the furnace, the door has a decided tendency to close, when supported on the door sill.

Pins 53 and holes or openings 54 form a pivotal connection between the doo-r and sill when the door is in its lowered position, and it is about this connection that the door pivots when moving toward and from'closed position against lintel 64, or in other words, against the furnace.

Since the `door is provided with wheels which` run on rails during its travel to and from its down position, as in my Patent 2,045,662, a second lintel 65 located above lintel 64 is provided. The outer side edges of flanges 66 of I-beam 61 are closed byla plate68, thus' providing a third coolingwater chamber. This water'chamber and`lintels Stand 65 protect theadjacent furnace parts against the heat of the refractory door -lining when the door is in raised or open position. i 1

In Fig. 8 of `thedrawings, the door is illustrated in connection with a furnace having a suspended roof or arch 69, .but it willbe vunderstood that the door may be used in connection with any other suitabletype oflfurnacel H p The side edges of the'refractory lining, as will be seen from Fig. 1, are uncovered and because of this, the doors constituting a series arranged in Vside by side relation willfb'e so positioned las to `provide clearance between adjacent doors and between the end doors and the end walls of the furnace charging opening. Thespace's-formed-by `these clearances are closed by meansof `seals of thegeneral type shown in my Patent`2,045,6621. The specific type of seal whichI prefer to use in connection with the doors of this invention are those shown in my said application Serial-No.

442,874, and the supports for such seals are shown at 'I0 and 1I. These supports are securedto the end flanges of top member I1 ofthe door frame.

The sides of intermediate brackets 24are reticulated as clearly shown inFigs. `8 and Qin order to facilitate` circulationof air therethroughand to the hanger parts'located therein.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim asnew and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: "V

. 1. A furnace door comprising metal top and bottom members, a corrugated metal back member of substantially uniform thickness, with its ridges and furrows extending substantially at right angles to the top and bottom members, and having Ventilating openings extending'through the side portion of its ridges and furrows, a lining made upof refractory blocks, and lining anchoring means secured within furrows in the furnace side of the back member and anchored to at least some of such refractory blocks.

2. A furnace door comprising metal top and bottom members, a corrugated metal back member of substantially uniform thickness, with its ridges and furrows extending substantially at right angles t0 the top and bottom members, and

having Ventilating openings extending through the side portion of its ridgesV and furrows, `a lining made up of interlocked refractory blocks, and lining anchoring means secured within furrows in the furnace sideof the back member and anchored to `such refractory blocks.

3; A furnace door comprising metal top and bottom members, a 'corrugated metal back member of substantially uniform thickness, with its ridges and furrows extending substantially at right anglesto the top and bottom membersy and having Ventilating openings extending through the side portion of its ridges and furrows, a 1ining which extends outwardly beyond the bottom member on the furnace vside thereof and laterally beyond the ends of such member and is Vlmade up of refractory blocks, and lining anchoring means secured within furrows in the furnace side of the back `member and anchored to at least some of such refractory blocks. A j

' 4. A furnace door comprising metal top and bottom members, a corrugated metal back member of substantially uniform thickness, with its ridges and furrows extending substantially at right angles to the top and bottom members, and having Ventilating openings extending through the side portion of its ridgesand furrows, a liningrwhichzextends .nutwardlyfbeyond the Lbottom :memberoonthezfurnacezsidethereofiandrlateraliy .-:beyond ithegends offsuch: membereand iszmade iup .of tinterlocked zref-ractor-y blocks, :and lining :an-

choring means securedfwithiniurrowsjntheury fractory .lining .which extends .outwardly ibeyond r.

.the bottom :member on the furnace :aside zlfthereof rand laterally .beyond `the .ends .of such .member eandisunade .up .ofnefractoryblocksy brackets ise- :cnredwithinurrows in -.the furnace .side :of #the .fibackmembereand hangers'securedfto'suchrbrackets and :anchored: toet-least `some.'.o'ffsuch,frefrac- .toryblocks 1.6. A .furnace door comprising ...m-etal .top .zand .,bottom..members, afcorrugatedmetallback mem- .ber lof -fsubstaxtdzially uniform thickness, iwith its .ridges tand ffurrows :extending :substantially at right angles-tothe .topand'bottom :membersfand having .Ventilating .openings extending through the side portions -of its zridges land ffurrows, :a :refractory dining which extends .outward-ly afbeyoud zthe .bottom member t on ithe ffurnace :iside thereof and laterally beyond the ends-of .such nnember andas madeuprof interlookedrandbond- .ed ...refractory ...block-s, ;brackets-fsecured `within. the iurrows .inuthe furnacesideof .theibackmeme- .bemand .hangers .secured .to :such rbrackets fand :anchored .tofsuch refractory Y blocks.

v.7. A .-.furnaee door fcomprising za -unitary casting.madeuprof top andbottom members-,antifa corrugatedebac'kmemberfoffsubstantially-uniform thickness, with `its A.ridges :andf-furrows extending esubstantiallyat .right zangles. to .'the itop -and `bottom members .and ...having -yentilating nopenings (extending through .thesside .portions .of .itsridges .and ,.gfurrows.; .a yrefractory Alining `.which extends .outwardlybeyondtthehottom:memberronithe fur- .nace side .thereof and .laterally .beyond the `ends .of .such :member .and iis .made `up of `interlooked Yand bonded ,refractory blocks, brackets secured within ,furrowsiin the ,ffurnacesideuof the :back imember .and .which ,project beyond the :.crests :of the ...ridges on .the -.furnace side, and .hangers rse'- cured .to ...such .brackets and Yanchored to .fsuch' refractory blocks. f

v8. .A .furnace dooricomprising a-nnita'ryimetal casting -which .includes .Lopend vbottom members and a corrugated back member aofwsubstantially 'uniform thickness, .havingdtsridges and. furrows :extending .at right .angles .to the i top and bottom .members .and ,having iventilating lfiopenings eX- tending ...through the sides .of its ridgesand. furrnws, `a .refractory :lining .made ,up .fof f courses of interlockedand bonded.-refractory.blocksflreticulated.bracketssecured l.Within the furrows in ,the `furnace side '.of the .haekmemben .havingfairna- -jor .part .thereof .spaced .from the .bottom-...of fsuch furrows and .with their ...outer ...edges .-.projecting 'beyond the crestsof .the .ridgeson such.. side, t and .hangers .secured .withinsuch brackets -fand aniass'zssee tchored to esuch .refractory rblocks; the construc- 9. A furnace `fdoor 'comprising ,la unitaryrmetal casting rwhich includes top iandv'bottommenibers,

' .end ymembers @and sa corrugated. backzmemberfof -substantially uniform thickness, having, itsiri'dges and furrows ,rparalleling the rend members :Pand vhaving Ventilating fslots l:extending ,through the side portions-.of its rri'dgesfand ifurrows, 5.a :refrac- .tory lining :which extends `outwardly beyondfthe .bottom [member on :theffurnazce sidethereof and laterally beyond the end members and is made .upfof interlocked and :bondedfrefraotoryxblocks, bracketsesecured ato f said eend amembers and reach .ha-ving aas part -thereof :a removable :angie that .overlies the outwardly'extending -end portions of the lining, brackets .secured within the .ffurrows in the furnace side. of the back member,:;ex ytending outwardly beyond .the acrest off the ridges for spacing the maj or; part ,thereof afrom :the fbot- -tom of such 4furrows, and :hangers i secured with- -in the .brackets fand-anchored to :the refractory blocks.

-10. A-furnace door comprisingafnnitarynnetal casting .which A includes top and Jeottomrmembiers,V

.endimembers .and :a .corrugated Kbackrmember tof `substantiallyuniform thickness,,having` itsti'dges v4angl z-furrows paralleling the #end members :and

having ventilatingfslots extending :through athe ,side portions-of its ridgeszandriurrows,:awrefractory lining which extends :outwardly=b'eyond the :bottom member on ,the furnace;side .thereof and laterally beyond fthefend members and ais made upA of interlocked and bonded .refractory blocks brackets secured toesaidf end members :and 'each having fas .part thereof .a .removable :angle1that overlies. the :outwardlyextending end portionsfof -means .for .spacing the -major fpartthereof from the bottom of such furrows, and :hangers secured within-the .brackets 'andf'anchored .to the :refractory .blocks 11. AAiurnace door having :a .height "which is .greater .than the height .of the furnace opening with .which itis adaptedto 'coeoperateysaid door comprising a unitary metal .casting whichfincludesl top .and bottom members and :a corrugated backmember.offsubstantially uniform thickness,

having its ridges and furrows eXtending-'atright angles 4to Athe ttop andi-bottom imembers and "having VentilatingV openings extending through the sides of its ridges .and ,furrows, .arrefrac'tory lin- ,ingmade up of .courses ofiinterlockedfand bonded -refractory..b1ocks, with' the icoursesithat' are'llocat- .ed ,above .the ...furnace opening whenthe door f'is in closed position, ,of .'less 'width Yfrom :front-to -backthan-the remainder offthe.l courses, '.and'lining anchoringv means secured :to fthe back Ymemberbetween the ridges on theffurnace sidefthere- .of v and anchored :to the refractory z blocks.

.LEVI S. LONGENECKER.

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