US2358275A - Pump - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 12, 1944. W, C HESS 2,358,275

PUMP

Filed May 24, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEYS I Sept. '12, 1944. c.' HESS 2,358,275-

' PUMP Filed May 24, 1941 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 1 wgns c fh i's;

ATTORNEYS Patented Sept. 12, 19 44 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Willis C. Hess, Bufi'alo, N. Y., assignor to Trico Products Corporation, Bufialo, N. Y.

Application May 24, 1941, Serial No. 395,075

12 Claims.

This invention relates to novel pumping means and has particular applicability in the automotive field in providing fluid difierential pressure for the operation of accessories for internal combustion engines and automotive' vehicles with which they are associated.

My improved pump is of the rotary ype and, in one aspect, presents novel pumping means of the rotary, inter-engaging impellertype. In a further aspect, my invention presents novel dual pumping means, wherein the dual pumping means are interdependent. Among the advantages attendant upon use of the pumping means of my 10 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line X-X of Fig. 9.

In the drawings like characters of reference denote like parts throughout the several figures and, referring first to the form of the invention shown in Figs. 1 through 8, the numeraldesignates generally a supporting element for the pumping device, such supporting element comprising a bearing portion II and a wall portion |2.' A cupped housing I3 is engageable against the wall portion I2 and may be secured in engaged invention is relatively improved continuity of Y flow; that is, objectionable surging in the pressure output is alleviated. Another advantage resides in the relafively simple and effective sealing action of my improved pumping means. The invention further resides in certain salient. features of construction whereby the general efliciency of form of pumping device embodying the principles of my invention; v

Fig. 2 is an end 'elevational view of this form of the invention;

fig.3isaviewtakensimilarlytoFig.2but with all of the parts excepting the supporting element removed;

ig- 4 is a cross-sectional view taken line IVIV of Fig. 1;

Fig. is an end elevational view of the device taken in the opposite direction from Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line VIVI of Fig. 2 showing only the support and the cover member which cooperate to form the pump casing; v

Fig. 'I is a fragmentary cross-sectional view taken on the ilne VII-VII of Fig. 5;

onthe position by screws Id. The cupped housing l3,

together with the wall portion l2 provides a compartment I5 for encasing movable pumping elements in a manner which will presently appear. In the illustrated embodiments the compartment I5 is circular in form and the bearing portion ll of the supporting element I0 is so arranged as to support a drive shaft l6 for rotation on an axis which in the embodiment now being described is coincident with the axis of the circular compartment I5 formed by the cupped housing l3 and the wall portion of the supporting Fig. 8 is an exploded perspective view showing in detail the swingingabutment which serves to divide the intake and exhaust chambers of one of the pumping units of the device together with its supporting and locating means;

.Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 1 of amodified form of the invention and with portions shown in elevation; and

element Ill.

Theshatt llihasfixed to its end within the interior of the circular compartment IS a circular piston element l8 which is disposed with its geometric center eccentric with respect to the axis of the shaft IS. The circular piston element i8 is of less diameter than the circular compartment |5 and in fact the eccentricity of the circular piston element I8 is preferably substantially equal to the difierence in radius between the circular compartment l5 and the circular piston element l8 whereby the periphery of the circular piston l8 abuts the inner periphery of the cupped housing l3. As the shaft I6 is rotated the point of tangency between the peripheries of the circular piston element l8 and the circular compartment l5 moves about the inner periphery of the cupped housing I3. 7

Due tovthe presence of the circular piston element l8 and its relative disposition in the circular compartment IS, the remaining space which provides the pump chamber proper is of substantially crescent shape as appears from a consideration of Fig. 4. At any convenient point about its periphery the circular compartment is provided with a recess 20 which may receive a swinging .abutment member 2|, which abutment member has a pivot portion 22 disposed in an arcuate opening formed in the cup shaped housing member l3 for giving pivotal support to the swinging abutmight be held in engagement with the periphery of the circular piston element I8 by the force of gravity alone, it is preferred to provide resilient means to insure such engagement in a certain but yieldable manner.

For the detailed construction of the swinging abutment 2| and its resilient urging means, reference is had to Figs. 1, 4, and 8, the latter being an exploded perspective view showing the swinging abutment member and the resilient supporting means in disassembled relation. The pivot portion 22 of the swinging abutment 2| is provided with an axial opening for receiving one end of a torsion spring 24, the adjacent end of which is anchored in an opening 25 which forms an extension of the spring receiving opening in the pivot portion 22.

The opposite end of the spring 24 is disposed in an opening formed in a stud member 26 which is in turn disposed in an opening formed in the wall portion I2 of the supporting element I0, such-opening being formed as an axial extension of the opening in the pivot portion 22 of the swinging abutment 2 I. The stud member 26 is provided with a head portion 21 which is offset as at 28, the offset being provided with an opening for receiving a screw 29 which is threaded into the wall portion I2 of the supporting element ID. The end of the spring 24 which is disposed in the opening in the stud member 26 is anchored in a smaller opening 30 which forms an extension of the primary spring receiving opening.

The initial tension in the torsion spring 24 is so arranged-as to urge the swinging abutment member 2| in a clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 4 so that its outer end is held resiliently in engagement with the periphery of the circular piston element I8. When it is desired to alter the initial tension of the spring 24, the locking screw 29 is removed. and the stud 26 is rotated in its opening in the wall I2 in either direction depending upon whether it is desired to wind the spring tighter or relax its tension by unwinding.

It will be noted that the abutment member 2| divides the crescent shaped pumping chamber, as it appears in Fig. 4, into an intake chamber, which is disposed to the left of the abutment member 2| in Fig. 4, and an exhaust chamber,

whichis disposed to the right of the abutment member in that figure. The rotation of the circular piston element I8 is in a counter-clockwise direction, as viewedin Fig. 4, and it will be noted that during its eccentric rotation, the portion ,3I thereof, which is in peripheral engagement with the inner wall of the cup shaped housing I3,

moves therealong in a counter-clockwise direction which tends to reduce the size of the exhaust chamber at the right of the abutment member- 2| and increase the size of the inlet chamber to the left of the abutment member 2|.

movement of the piston elementfrom such position brings the then fully enlarged inlet chamber to a position where it becomes an exhaust chamber by virtue of movement of the portion 3| of the piston element I8 past the abutment member 2| permitting the latter to again move out of its recess 20.

For utilizing the expanding and contracting chambers to displace fluid, an opening is provided in the inner peripheral wall of the cup shaped housing I3 asat 32 and such opening is connected with a source of fluid as by a conduit 33 which may be secured to the housing I3 in any convenient manner. The opening 32 then constitutes an intake port. The exhaust for this pump association is formed in the wall of the recess and is designated 35 in Fig. '7. The port 35 communicates with a passage 36 which continues'into the wall portion I2 of the supporting element I 0 and issues from the latter, as at 31 in Fig. 6. It is believed that the' manner in .which. fluid will be more or less continuously drawn into the pumping device so far described through the conduit 33and port 32 and discharged at terminus 31 of the passage 36 so long as rotation of the eccentric piston element continues will be clear from the foregoing description.

While the particular pumping means thus far described may have a variety of independent applications, my present invention involves, in addition to such independent use, the novel combination of the foregoing pumping means with a second pumping unit intimately associated with the foregoing pump but arranged, at least in the present exemplary instance, in such manner that it may be used for pumping an entirely separate fluid.

One practical application of the combined pumping means here generally referred to involves arranging one of the pumping units for generating fluid differential pressure to operate accessories and adjuncts for use with-internal combustion engines, with the other pumping unit utilized to develop pressure for force feed lubrication. In this particular instance of-use, the lubricant under pressure in one of the pumps may be used to provide a fluid seal for the other pump unit.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 4 particularly, the circular piston element I8 is formed with circularly arranged internal gear teeth 40 whose pitch circle is preferably struck from the geometric center of the circular compartment I5. In the form shown in Figs. 1 through '7 a pinion 42 is disposed for free rotation by means of a central shaft 43 which may be carried in the wall of the cupped housing I3, as appears best from Fig. 1. The teeth of the pinion 42 mesh with the internal gear teeth 40 whereby counterclockwise. rotation of the piston element I8 produces counterclockwise rotation of the pinion 42.

The pinion 42 and the internal gear teeth 40 are arranged to cooperate to form a gear pump and to this end a crescent shaped abutment 45 is disposed between the respective peripheries of ignates an inlet port formed in the outer wall of the cupped housing I3 and emerging at the inner face thereof at a point where fluid is drawn in by the gear pump. The numeral 48 designates a corresponding discharge port oppositely located and likewise formed in the cupped housing l3. The ports 4! and 48 are formed with continuing passages 49 and 50, respectively, each of which extends through the cupped housing l3 and the complementary wall portion 1 2 to emerge from the latter, as appears in Fig. 5.

Suitable conduits may be connected to the terminal portions of thepassages 49 and 50. If the pump unit 40, 42'is utilized as a lubricant pump for an internal combustion engine, as suggested above, the emergence of the passages 49' and 50 from the wall l2 may be arranged to be disposed within the crank case of such engine.

The shaft l6 may be provided with a central bore 52, a transverse passage 53, and a flattened portion 54, all as shown in Fig. 1. In this way a portion of the lubricant placed under pressure by the pump 40, 42 'is utilized in lubricating the bearing ll of the shaft 16. Lubricant whichescapes from the bearing H to the right as seen in Fig. 1 assists in sealing the outer'pump unit l8,

l and lubricant passing to the left as seen in Fig.1isreturnedtothecrankcasewhehthe device is associated with an internal comhus tion engine.

Lubricant under presure which escapes from the gear pump 48, 42 through paths other than the discharge port 48 serves to provide a fluid seal'for the operation of the circular piston II in the-pumping compartment IS, with the peripheral wall of the compartment IS as well as with the abutment II and the radial walls of the pumping compartment; Because of the very useful purpose which lubricant escaping from the pump 4|, 4! serves, the necessity for accurate fitting of these partswith respect to their enclosing casing is relaxed to a. certain extent. Lu-' bricant which does so escape from the pump 40,

42 into the outer pump becomes entrained in the output fluid of theouter pump which, it will be noted, is delivered back into the engine crank case as at 31, when the device is associated with derstood clearly from the detailed description of the foregoing embodiment, to which reference may be had for particulars not describedin connection with the embodiment of Figs. 9 and 10.

form of pump the drawings anddescribed in detail in the foregoing specification, it is to be understood that the spirit and scope of my invention is not to be considered as limited thereto, or otherwise than as defined in the appended claims.

What is claimed is: I

1. In a pump, a casing having a substantially circular compartment, an internal gear element means associated with said casing and continudisposed for concentric rotation in said circular compartment, a pinion element disposed for rotation in intermeshing engagement with said internal gear, and a peripheral cam contour on said internal gear and including a projecting cam lobe for tangential sealing engagement with the wall of the circular compartment, one of said two mentioned elements being adapted to be rotated to constitute drive means .for said pump, means disposed between said gear and said pinion to divide the space therebetween and form intake and exhaust pumping compartments,

and yieldable means associated with said casing and continuously yieldably engaging the peripheral cam contour of said internal gear to form a pair of pumping compartments, said cam lobe.

being adapted to move said yieldabl means out 0.1? its path of movement during its fluid displacing operation.

2. In a. pump, a casing having a substantially mentionedelements being adapted to be rotated 1 to constitute drive means for said pump, means disposed betwecn said gear and said pinion to form intake and exhaust pumping compartments in said first pumping chamber, and yieldable ously the peripheral cam contour of saidintemalgeartoformapairofpumping compartments in said second pumping chamber. 3. In a pump, a casing having a substantially cylindrical compartment, an internal gear element disposed for concentric rotation in said cylindrical compartment, said internal gear element engaging the end wallsof said cylindrical The principal diflerence in the case of the embodiment of Figs. 9 and 10 is that the pinion. designated II in Figs. 9 and 10, is the driving member and the circular piston, here designated 'lListhe driven member.

compartmmtto form a closed pumping chamber within internal gear element and asecond closed pumping chamber between the outside of said gear element and the interior cylindrical wall of said compartment, a pinion element dis- 'Ihe pinion 1| is securedto adrive shaft 12 which in this modification is disposed eccentrl- Q cally in the pumping chamber designated I4. The crescent shaped abutment member designated II in Figs. 9 and 10, is shown fol-convenience as integral with the supporting element, designated 18, the latter corresponding to the supporting element ll of the first-described embodiment. ltwillbenotedthatinfigslland 10 the supporting element It provides the cup shaped housing, as at 80, and a cover plate II is provided therefor.

The circular piston may, in this form, be jour naled for tree rotation in the cover plate 0| as at It.

While two specific examples of the application of the principles or my invention are shown in posed forrotation in intermeshing engagement with said internal gear, and a peripheralcam contour on said internal gear and including a projecting lobe for tangential sealing engage ment with the wall of the circular compartment,

- lel end walls-,an internal gear; element disposed for concentric rotation in said'circular compart- V the peripheral cam contour of .said

internal gear to form partments.

4. In apump, a casing comprising a substantially circular having spaced n la pair of pumping compinion element disposed for rotation in intermeshing engagement with said internal gear and supported by the other of said end walls. and a, peripheral cam contour on said internal gear and including a projecting lobe for tangential sealing engagement with the wall of the circular compartment, one of said two mentioned elements being adapted to be rotated to constitute drive means for said pump, means disposed between said gear and said pinion to form intake and exhaust pumping compartments, and yieldable means associated with said casing and continuously engaging the peripheral cam contour of said internal gear to form apair of pumping compartments.

5. In a pump, a casing comprising a substantially circular compartment having spaced parallel end walls, an internal gear disposed for concentric rotation in said circular compartment, a drive shaft journaled in one of said end walls and fixed to said internal gear for rotating the same, a pinion disposed in intermeshing engagement with said internal gear and supported for free rotation by the other of said'end walls, and a peripheral cam contour on said internal gear and including a projecting lobe for tangential sealing engagement with the wall of the circular compartment, an abutment carried by said other end wall and disposed between said gear and said pinion to form intake and exhaust pumping compartments, and yieldable means associated with said casing and engaging the peripheral cam contour of said internal gear to form other intake and exhaust pumping compartments.

6. In a pump, a casing comprising a substantially circular compartment having spaced parallel end walls, an internal gear disposed for concentric rotation in said circular compartment and-supported for free rotation by one of said end walls, a piniondisposed in intermeshing engagement with said internal gear, a drive shaft journaled in the other ofsaid end walls and fixed to'said pinion for rotating the same, and a peripheral cam contour on said internal gear and including a projecting lobe for tangential sealing engagement with the wall'of the circular compartment, an abutment carried by said other end wall and disposed between said gear and said pinion to form intake and exhaust pumping compartments, and yieldable means associated with 'said casin and engaging the peripheral cam contour of said internal gear to form other intake and exhaust pumping compart-. ments,

7. In a pump, a casing having a circular chamber, a circular piston disposed therein for rotation on an axis concentric with the axis of said chamber to efiect fluid pumping, said piston being of less diameter than said chamber and eccentrically disposed with respect to its axis of rotation, the periphery of said piston. being in tan ential sealing engagement with the circular wall of said chamber, yieldable means carried by said casing and resiliently movable to engage the periphery of said piston continuously and slidably to normally form intake and exhaust compartments, passage means for conducting fluid to and from said compartments respectively, an internal gear flxed for rotation with said piston and-havinglthe center' of its pitch circle coincident with the axis of rotation -of said piston, a pinion supported by said casing for intermeshing engagement with said internal ment and supported by one of said end walls, a

gear, means-disposed between the gear and the pinion to form second intake and exhaust compartments, and passage means for conducting fluid to and from said second compartments respectively.

8. A pump comprising a casing havin a sub stantially circular chamber, an abutment movably mounted therein, an abutment operating piston eccentrically joumaled in the casing for rotation about an axis concentric with respect to said chamber and having an eccentric abutmeat-engaging periphery operable to cam the abutment out of the path of the piston during its fluid displacing operation, said piston itself having an internal chamber provided with an internal gear which isconcentric with said concentric axis, a pinion arranged in the internal chamber and meshing with the internal gear to cooperate with the latter in pumping fluid, said casing having a. partition wall extending into the internal chamber t divide the latter into inlet and outlet sides, and inlet and outlet ports for the two-chambers. 1

9. In a pump, a casing having 'a substantially circular compartment, a piston having a radial wall and an annular wall extending therefrom in an axial direction, a shaft journaled in the pump casing adjacent said radial wall and engaging the latter to rotatably support the piston, said piston having a peripheral cam contour including a projecting cam lobe for tangential sealing engagement with the wall of the circular compartment, the inner annular wall of said piston comprisin an internal gear, and a pinion meshing with said internal gear and rotatably supported against the pump casing at the side oppositeto the journal support of the piston, means disposed between said gear and said pinion to divide the space therebetween and form intake and exhaust pumping compartments, and yieldable means-associated with said casing and continuously yieldably engaging the peripheral c'am contour of said internal gear to form a pair of pumping compartments, said cam lobe being rrient withthe wall of the circular compartment,

the inner annular wall of said piston comprising an internal gear, and a pinion meshing with said internal gear and rotatably supported against the pump casing at the side opposite to the journal support of the piston, means disposed between said gear and said pinion to divide the space therebetween and form intake and exhaust pumping compartmentaand yieldable means associated with said casing and continuously yieldably engaging the peripheral cam contour of said internal gear to form a pair of pumping compartments, said cam lobe being adapted to move said yieldable means out of its path of movement during its fluid displacing operation, one of said gears being flxed to its supporting shaft to comprise drive means for the gear pump and the cam pump.

' 11. A pump comprising a casing having a substantially circular chamber, an abutment movton eccentrically joumaled in the casing for rotation about. an axis concentric with respect to said compartment and having an eccentric abutment-engaging periphery operable to cam the abutment out of the path of the piston during its fluid displacing operation, said piston being in the form of a hollow cylinder having a closed end to provide a second pump chamber having therein an internal gear which is concentric with said concentric axis, a supporting shaft engaging said closed end and journaled-in a wall of said casing, a pinion disposed in the second mentioned chamber and meshing with the internal gear to cooperate with the latter in pumping mounted in said casing, said casing having a partition wall extending into the internal chamber to divide the latter into inlet and outlet sides, and inlet and outlet ports for the two chambers;

12. A pump comprising a casing having a substantially circular chamber, an abutment movably mounted therein, an abutment operating ably mounted therein, an abutment operating pispiston eccentrically journaled in the casing for rotation about an axisconcentric with respect to said compartment and having an eccentric abutment-engaging periphery operable to cam l the abutment out of the path of the piston during its fluid displacing operation, said piston being in the form of a hollow cylinder having a.

10 centric with said concentric axis, a supporting shaft engaging said closed endand journaled in a wall of said casing, a pinion disposed in the second mentioned chamber and meshing with the internal gear to cooperate with the latter in Y5 pumping'fluid, and a supporting shaft for said fluid, and. a supporting shaft for said pinion pinion mounted in said casing, said casing having a partition wall extending into the internal chamber to divide the latter into inlet and outlet sides, and inlet and outlet ports for the two cham- 20 here, one of said supporting shafts comprising a

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