US2357454A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 5, 1944. w. c. BROWN OIL BURNER Filed March 20, 1941 INVENTOR g zllz'am K. ,Brow/z. M

%*/;m ATTOR s.

Patented Sept. 5, 1944 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE OIL BURNER William C. Brown, Detroit, Mich. Application March 20, 1941, Serial No. 384,291

1 Claim.

This invention relates to oil burners and particularly to a small capacity burner of thetype utilized in connection with ranges, hot water heaters, and steam and air furnaces.

It is a general object of the invention to provide a midget oil burner particularly adapted for use in placeof gas burners on ranges and on small size heating units, such as those utilized to heat small store rooms, individual offices, or in connection with hot water heaters or small steam boilers suchasi those used for supplying steam to clothes pressing machines and the like. Accordingly, in the present invention, there is provided a small, compact, inexpensive oil burner assembly having a unique type of oil burning receptacle.

Another object of the invention is to provide an oil burner assembly comprising a burner unit, motor driven fan, air and oil conduits, oil flow control mechanism, and an oil burning receptaole all fixedly connected together for installation as a compact, self-contained unit.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved and simplified burner unit, in which an efficient combustion of the fuel oil is achieved.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following specification and claim and the accompanying drawing, wherein:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of an oil burner embodying features of my invention;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the oil burning receptacle of the burner illustrated in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a broken, reduced plan view of the oil burner unit illustrated in Fig. 1; and

Fig. 4 is an enlarged, sectional view of the burner end of the structure illustrated'in Fig. 1.

The oil burner unit l0, illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4, comprises a motor H and fan l2 connected together as a unit and supported by the fan discharge outlet l3 which extends within a flanged collar M. The flange of the collar [4 is bolted directly to a mating flange on a burner air conduit I5 by bolts [6. The discharge outlet 12 of the fan is secured within the collar I 4 by any suitable means such as set screws I'!. The conduit [5 is circular at the flange, but reduces in height and increases in width as it approaches the burner proper and is provided with a fiat bottom surface by which it may be supported.

Float valve mechanism is supported upon a bracket 2| which is bolted at 22 to the underside of the conduit l5, as illustrated in Fig. 3. If desired, a steam pressure responsive control valve mechanism 25 of any desired type may be positioned in the oil feed line for the purpose of cutting off the flow of fuel oil when the boiler pressure reaches a predeterminedamount. It is to be understood, however, that if the furnace is to be used for general heatin purposes, a thermostatically controlled valve, well known in the I art, may be substituted for the pressure responsive valve mechanis1n25; v I p A burner housing 21 is formed integral y With the conduit l5 and comprises a substantially cylindrical, upwardly opening chamber in communication with the conduit [5. Positioned within and spaced from the Walls of the burner housin 21 is a fire pot 28 which is preferably cast integrally with the burner housing and conduit. The connection between the fire pot and the burner housing and conduit is through an integrally cast rib 29 which is provided with a bore 3| communicating with the interior of the fire pot 28 and adapted to be connected to the oil intake pipe 32, the opposite end of which is connected to the float control mechanism 26 through the valve 25. An auxiliary bore 33 is provided in the rib 29 for use in connecting the oil line in cases where there is insuflicient room beneath the bottom of the burner to receive the oil supply pipe.

An oil receiving and burning receptacle 35 forms a bottom of the fire pct 28, having a central opening 36 connected to a pipe 31 which is screwed into the casting in communication with the bore 3|. The base of the cup has annular corrugations 38 which are interrupted by radiall disposed grooves 39 radiating from the opening 36. Downwardly projecting lugs 40 support the peripheral edge of the cup while a pair of inward- 1y disposed lugs 4| may be provided to be engaged by a spanner wrench for screwing the cup on the pipe 31.

At the end of the air conduit I5 within the burner housing 27, a baille 42 divides the air passing through the conduit which flows around both sides of the fire pct 23 and upwardly thereabout. An air directing ring 43 rests upon the top ofthe burner housing 2? having an inwardly directed flange 34. The underside of the flange is curved at 45 for directing the air moving upwardly between the housing 2's and fire pot 28 toward the cup 35. The end of the ring opposite to the conduit l5 has a flanged portion 46 extended inwardly to prevent the air from passing upwardly rather than downwardly into the cup 35. The ring 13 assures a uniform flow of air toward the base of the cup 35 from all points of its periphery. The oil passes through the conduit 32, the bore 3|, the pipe 3'1, and through the radial slots 39 into the troughs 41 provided between the corrugations. The height of the oil Within the slots 39 and troughs 4! is regulated by adjusting the float in the float control mechanism 20.

The burner operates as a low and high flame burner, the oil being normally delivered in a very small quantity, enough to fleep a flame burning within the cup 35. When heat is required, the control mechanism operates the valve 25 to supply a greater flow of oil to the cup 35 which increases the size of the flame and the rate of burning of the oil. At the same time, motor I l operates the blower I2 to force air through the conduit l5 which is divided by the baffle 42 to flow around and upwardly of the fire pct 28. The air strikes the arcuate surface of the ring 43 and is deflected into the receptacle or cup 35 to provide the increase in air for combustion.

After the temperature of the water, air or other substance being heated has reached a predetermined degree, the control mechanism operates the valve 25 to reduce the flow of oil to the cup 35. The operation of the motor I l is interrupted and the burner thereafter functions on a low-or pilot flame.

illustrated as being a casting but it is to be understood that the cup could be stamped or otherwise formed from sheet metal. By having the base of the cup corrugated, the oil burns in rings interrupted by the radial flames produced by the oil burning in the slots 39. The low flame in the cup functions as a pilot light without the application of air through the conduit l5. The high flame is produced by an increased delivery of oil and the positive flow of air into the oil burning cup to assure complete combustion. The air is directed into the cup by the ring 43, after the baflie 42 divides the air to have it flow equally about the pot.

What I claim is:

An oil burning unit comprising an upwardly open casing, a lateral air supply conduit communicating with said casing adjacent the bottom thereof, a fire pot within said casing having walls spaced from the walls of said casing whereby air from the conduit will pass upwardly between said walls, a cup having a corrugated bottom disposed within and forming the base of the fire pot, and conducting means for oil communicating with the center of said cup, said corrugations being interrupted by co-planar radial grooves each of which extends to the center of the cup for delivering the oil directly to the troughs formed between the corrugations and for draining the oil in said troughs into said conducting means.

WILLIAM C. BROWN.

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