US2353689A - Combination oil and gas range - Google Patents

Description

' the said. burner are employed to increase occurrence of local "hot spots."

invention comprehends an oil-burning unit for Patented Jul "is, 1944 COMBINATION on. AND sesame William T. Kalama goo Stove I: Furnace Company,

mam, ltliclt, a corporation of Michigan 7 Application November is, 1940, Serial No. 366,133

a Claims. -(Ol.12 6- 39) This invention relates to improvements in combination oil and gas ranges.

The main objects of this invention are:

First, to provide a combination oil and gas range of high thermal efllci'ency particularly in the matter of oven heating.

Second, to provide a cookingrange embodying an oven with-an oil burner heating unit in which the oven is very efficiently heated and one in which the heat within the oven is very uniformly distributed.

'Third, to provide a structure of the class de-' scribed including an oven which may be selecti ely heated by gas or an oil burner which is eflicient in the use of either fuel.

Objects relating to details and economies of the invention will appear from the description to follow. The invention is defined and pointed out in' the claims. I

A structure which is a preferred embodiment plurality of compartments, namely,

bumer compartment stance so as to I most fully utilize the heating effect thereof. b v

Referring to the drawing, reference numer al I generally indicates the combined ran e of my invention which consists of a suitable well insulated casing divided by partitions 2 3 into a Fig. 1,-the central oven partment i, and the compartment 6 at the right,

* which may be used for storage or otherpurposes.

of the invention is illustrated inthe accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. l is a fragmentary view partially in front elevation and partially in vertical section on line ll of Figs. 2 and 3.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary view partially in end elevation and partially in vertical section on line 2- 2 of Fig. 1, showing certain details of the oil burner unit structure and the arrangement thereof within theoil burner combustion chamber.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary line corresponding to line 1-3 of-Fig. '1.

The present invention relatesto a combination liquid-gaseous fuel range wherein either gas or oil-or a combination of the same are selectively employable as the heating media. This structure includes a gas heated oven associated in a novel manner in relation to an oil burner. chamber, whereby the products of combustion of the efficiency of the oven and range as a whole or in supplement to the oven gas heating medium, the said oven being insulated in a manner to be very uniformly heated throughout without the Moreover, the

the foregoing purposeswhich is selectively employable either in combination with a gasheat ing arrangement for the oven asaforesaid,.or-for the sole purpose of heating the oven or the stove top thereabove, there being provisions for-selectively governing the path of circulation of the oil burner products of combustion in either in-.

view in section on av .reaoh partment and between the side wall I! of the lat- The partition 2 is common to the liquid burner and oven compartments and is non-insulated for the ready transfer of heat from the former to the latter. It will be noted that partition or wall 2 terminates in spaced relation to the'top of the casing, thereby defining a communicating top the liquid, 4 at the left as viewed n and oven heating comflue passage between the burner and oven compartments.

Referring to Fig. range has a cooking 1, it .will be noted'that the o stove top 6| including an oil or liquid fuel cooking section 62 over the,- oil or liquidburner compartment provided with stove lids 83 and a gaseous fuel'section 64 pro-.

heated by; gas burners 1 in;

vided With grids 65 the burner space 8. This last named space'is insulated from the oven compartment 5 by an irrsu lated wall 8i and the partition} also has insulation 82 thereon insulating storage c0mpartment 6 from the oven. The various compartments are closed by insulated hinged' doors l0 illustrated in Fig.

"The oven of the present construction is defined by the side partition 2, a top sheet metalwgll I, the side wall l2, and the non-insulated floor l3.

It'willbe noted that the oven is surrounded on the top of the oil burner compartment, including a top horizontal reach ll between the insulated wall 8| and top wall I! on the side opposite the oil burner comter andins'ulation 82', and a bottom space l6 beneath floor i3. Bafiles i! are disposed vertically in theslde fiue reach to augment the uniform- 2 andthe rear wall IBI 'of the range is likewise fully insulated.

. th1' ee sides by aflue passage communicating with ll of the oven, a vertical l ity of heating of'the oven side wall l2, and the oven is provided with insulation I8 on its top wall and further insulation is on the upper half of side wall I2 to' insure that the oven will not be excessively heatedatits top by the relatively hot products of-combustion as they first emanate I from the oilburner, but that, on the contrary,

the heat will be uniformly transferred to the oven without the occurrence of local "hot spots."

That this is the actual effect in operation has been proved by thermometer tests at many points inside the oven. I

In the operation of the oven a regenerative heating action takes place which renders the same exceedingly efficient. Thus, whereas in a standard test in certain previous combination ranges 27,000 B. t. u. have been required to heat the oven to a predetermined temperature (500) in a predetermined time (18 min.) and in a good gas oven 22,000 B. t. u., inmy combined range as illustrated and described the same heating in the same time can be had with about 12,500 B. t. u. I consider that thereason for this is that the oven top is well insulated to Prevent wasteful discharge of the heat therethrough and that there is no cold oven bottom to contribute its wasteful effect. Heat is transferred from the traveling products of combustion of the oilburher with great efficiency and without excess carrying away of oven heat by high velocity traveling gases; on th contrary, these gases are caused to transfer their heat to the oven mainly at a point where their velocity of travel has been reduced substantially.

The floor of the oven is provided with an open- I struction employing an oil burner unit 28 of the ing in communication with a cylindrical vertical combustion chamber or duct 2| of substantial diameter extending through oven bottom space i6 and a gas burner 22 for the oven is disposed at the lower end of this duct. A plate 23 having a large number of perforations therein is interposed in the-duct between the burner and oven for the purpose of distributing the heat evolved at the burner and transferring the same in a uniform, non-localized manner to the interior .of the oven. Moreover, a bafile 24 is disposed above the conduit to further contribute to the uniform warming of the oven interior. The insulated rear Wall I8! is provided with a vent or opening 25 to the oven communicating with the range flue or with atmosphere and having a suitable adjustable vent plate 26 therein for regulating the escapeof products of combustion from the oven.

The annular chamber or space l6 beneath the oven and constituting part of the flue passage for the products of combustion from compartment 4 surrounds the duct 2| (see Figs. 1 and 3) and is provided with a vertical baffle 29 to direct the said products-around the duct or gas combustion chamber 2! in the direction indicated by the arrows. In this manner, a very uniform and thorough circulation of the products of combustion beneath the oven floor l8 is assured, following which the products of combustion pass out through an opening 30 in the insulated oven rear wall into the flue 3| of therange, said flue 3| being shown in horizontal section in Fig. 3. This 'opening 30 is controlled by a plate closure 32 having apertures 33 therein, the plate being manually positioned to 'fully open or partially close opening 30 by means of'a manually controlled toggle instrumentality 34 which .is indicated in Fig. 3, but which is not illustrated in further detail for the reason that the specific construction thereof forms no part of the present invention. The'purpose of employing this apertured man ually shiftable closure plate will be referred to in the description to follow. It should be noted that the floor of the annular space II is well insulated by suitable material 36 to prevent heat loss downwardly beneath the space.

Though I have illustrated and described and shall refer in the specification to follow to a consleeve type in the heating compartment 4, since several distinct advantages are presented by this type, and because the mounting for the unit to be described eliminates the diiilculty ordinarily experienced in servicing this type unit, it will be evident to those skilled in the art that the above described provisions for heating or augmenting the heating of the oven have application in the event any other type burner or heater is substituted for the unit 28. Thus, a solid fuel or aseous fuel burner construction might be incorporated in compartment 4 and the insulating and flue passage arrangement associated with the oven would function just as effectively in providing a uniform non-localized supplemental closed by the gas burner 22. Regardless of the particular heating instrumentalities employed, the products of combustion are circulated from the compartment 4 around the oven in a manr ner to secure a very uniform heating thereof. The insulating l8, l9 arranged on the top oven wall II and top portion of. the side wall l2 prevent undue heating of the oven by the relatively hot gases adjacent the same andthe non-insulated wall portions and floor enable the less intense heat from the side and bottom of the combustion chamber 4 and the cooler circulating gases to be'transferred effectively to the oven interior. Extensive tests with a thermocouple have proved conclusively in an actual embodiment of the invention that the oven interior is devoid of hot spots, therein with highly uniform and satisfactory results.

The oil burner compartment 4, as is clearly illustrated in Figs, 1 and 2, is provided with a pair of inwardly extending angle iron brackets 36 welded to the opposed'side walls of the compartment, which brackets are reversely bent at their ends to provide opposed channeled ways 31 extending the entirejfront-td-rear length of the said compartment and slidably receiving the oil burner unit, which is generally indicated by the reference numeral 28. At the bottom of compartment 4 there is disposed an air intake member 38 having associated therewith a closure plate 39 adjustable on a screw 40 to any desired vertical position relative to the openings in the intake, whereby the said intake may be practically completely shut off, as when the liquid fuel or oil burner unit 28 is with the oven gas heater, or fully opened, as in Fig. 1 when the oil burner is used alon for heating the cooking plates 63 or cooking implements disposed over the openings normally covered thereby. The variable adjustment of plate 39 as well as other draft regulating instrumentalities in the range will be further alluded to in the descriptionto follow in connection with the operation of the range.

The brackets 36 and ways 31 thereon in effect divide the oil burner compartment into the lower air intake space II and an upper combustion chamber in which the oil burner unit 28 is mount which enables products to be baked used in conjunction subjected. The plates." have the lower ends thereof turned inwardly at. 44'to .provide slides receivable in ways 31 and thereby enabling the unit 28 .to. be slid longitudinally of the brackets 36 for removal and cleaning when desired.

. The reference numeral 45 is employed to designate a pair of oil burners of conventional sleeve type having the removable perforated top mixer tubes or chimneys 46 associated therewith; These are of triple construction, including plural concentric elements and wicks associated therewith,

but the particulars of construction have not detailed. Burners 45 are mounted on supporting frame 43 by means of adjustable threaded legs 41 which are manipulated at the time of installation to bring the burners in the exactly level position which is necessary for the most effective I operation thereof. The burner oil feed pipes 48 extend downwardly through openings in the support plate 43" and are connected to the supply pipes 49 which extend rearwardly of the unit. 'At its rear end, the support plate is secured by welding, bolting or the like to an insulated closure 50 which has .a stepped periphery receivable in a, correspondingly stepped aperture in the insulated rear wall of the oil burner compart ment, which is but a part of the insulated rear wall It! of the range. Closure II has mounted on and projecting from the external side thereof a sheet metal bracket or ledge II for the oil reservoir 52 including an inverted tank I: removably receivable in a feed pan or sump 54 which is connected at 55 to the oil supply pipe as. The flow of liquid fuel from the reservoir is controlled by a valve 81 in fitting "I which is apart of the fuel supply connections, and valve 51 is controlled by mechanical connections 58 including a flexible shaft and a hand piece "I disposed at the front of the casing.

At its front end, the oil burner unit for burner 22 has a sheet metal closure 58 which is fixedly but removably secured by means of a screw "I to the front wall of the range casing inside the I door .10 for the oil heating compartment 4.

As clearly illustrated in Fig. 1, the oil burner combustion chamber 4 is in full communication with the horizontal reach l4 of the flue passage forcirculation of products of combustion of the burner over and around the oven to heat the same uniformly in the manner described. It will be appreciated that there is considerable transfer of heat to the ovenon the left hand side thereof by conduction through unin'sulated partition or wall 2 separating the oven and oil burner combustion chamber 42. The rear wall of the range is provided with an ening 80 communicating the range flue with flue passage or reach l4- and controlled. by an adjustable closure 40. The opening Bl is left unobstructed whereby the oil burner products of combustion normally flow therethrough to flue 3| when the, oil burner is being used alone to heat the cooking plates '3 disposed above its combustion chamber,-but in the event the oil burner is used in coniunction with the gas heated stove, member III is closed to enable the products of combustion oi the burner to circulate through the flue passages I4,

II, and it to the flueas described. All of the openings so, rs, and a incommunication with the aforesaid circulating flue portions. the oven interior and the oven floor heating space, respectively communicate when unobstructed with the flue I.

28 employed alone to heat the stove top plates 63, the control 89 Ior the oil burner air intake 3!. is elevated fully to the position illustrated in Fig. 1 and the opening 59 to the flue is also fully opened for assuring ample supply of air for combustion. In the event the oven is also used,-

, however, closure 3. is adjusted toward closing position'until only a slight air leakage takes place through the intake 38 into the oil burner compartment 4. The flue closure 6ll is closed and the apertured plate 32 controlling flue opening ll is likewise closed or partially closed. The purpose of this is to \prevent an excessivefdraft or blast through'the flue reaches or passages l4, I! such as would tend to cool of! excessively the oven surfaces adjacent the passages and to maintain a supply of heated air traveling slowly therethrough. In'this manner, not only are all of the thermal units evolved at the gas burner 22 utilized, but also the heat of the circulating products of combustion from the oil burner is employed to the fullest extent. "hot spots in the oven. The apertured gas con-- trol plate 23 and battle it for the gas burner 22,

Moreover, there are no plus the provision of insulating means at the top and topof side of the oven insure that the latter will not be non-uniformly and excessively heated at any part interiorly thereof, as stated above, but that, on the contrary, thewhole will be very uniformly heated. The thermal efliciency of the foregoing construction is exceedingly high, a far greater heating output being possible for a given total tuel input than in other com'bined range constructions of which I am aware.

I have illustrated and described my improve-- ments in an embodimeht which is very practical. I havenot attempted to illustrate or describe other embodiments or adaptations as it isbelieved will enable those skilled in the art this disclosure to embody or adapt my improvementsas maybe desired. a

Having thus described my invention, what-I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a range, the combination videdwith a burner chamber and an oven disposed Bit-the side of said burner chamber, said chamber and oven having a vertical non-insulated wall common toboth and terminating in spaced relation to the top or the casing, said oven being provided ith an oven top and with an insulated top, means disposed in spaced relation to said oven top and coacting therewith to provide a flue space at the communication with said burner chamber, said means being insulated at least in part, the side wall of said oven remote from said burner chamber having an insulated upper portion and a noninsulated lower portion, said casing having a vertical insulated partition spaced from said side wall providing a flue space at the side of the oven communicating with said flue space at the t'op of said oven, said oven tom, an insulated casing bottom portion spaced.

from said oven bottom providing a flue space below the oven communicating with the flue space;

' at the side of the oven, a centrally, disposed gasenets of combustion circulating from said burner chamber around the. said gaseous fuel burner I combustion chamber a flue outlet for exit of prod- In operation, withthe oil or other burner unit ucts of combustion from said casing before P of a casing D T top of the oven in having. a non-insulated botsage beneath said oven, and a second flue outlet for exit 01' products of combustion fromsaid casing after passage beneath said oven.

2. In a range, the combination of a casing provided with a burner chamber and an oven disposed from said burner chamber having an insulated upper portion and a non-insulated lower portion,

said casing having a vertical insulated partition spaced from said side wall providing a flue space at the side of the oven communicating with said) flue space at the top of said oven, said oven having a non-insulated bottom, an insulated casing bottom portion spaced from said oven bottom providing a flue space below the oven communicating with the flue space at the side of the oven a fiue outlet for exit of products of combustion from said casing before passage beneath said oven, and a second flue outlet for exit of products of combustion from said casing after passage beneath said oven.

3. In a range, the combination of a casing providedwith a burner chamber and an oven disposed at the side of said burner chamber, said burner chamber and oven having a vertical noninsulated wall common'to both and terminating in spaced relation to the top of the casing, said oven being provided with an oven top and with an insulated top, mean disposed in spaced relation to said oven top and coacting therewith to provide a top flue space, said top flue space communicating with said burner chamber, the side wall of said oven remote from said burner chamber having an insulated upper portion and a noninsulated lower portion, said casing having a vertical insulated partition spaced from said side wall providing a side flue space communicating with said top flue space, said oven having a noninsulated bottom, an insulated casing bottom portion spaced from said oven bottom providing a flue space below the oven communicating with the side flue space a flue outlet for exit of products of combustion from said casing before passage beneath said oven, and a second flue outlet for exit of products of combustion from. said casing after passage beneath said oven.

4. In a range, the combination of a casing provided with a burner chamber and an oven disposed at' the side of said burner chamber, said burner chamber and oven having a vertical noninsulated wall common to both, said oven being provided with an oven top and with an insulated top, means disposed-in spaced relation to said oven top and coacting therewith to provide a top flue space, said top flue space communicating with said burnerchamber, th side wall of said oven remote from said burner chamber having an insulated upper portion and a non-insulated vlower portion, said casing having a vertical partitionspaced from said side wall providing a' side flue space communicating with said top flue space,

said oven having a non-insulated bottom, an insulated casing bottom portion spaced from said 1 oven bottom providing a flue space below the a and a second flue outlet for exit of products of oven communicating with the side flue space a flue outlet for exit of products of combustion from said casing before passage beneath said oven,

combustion from said casing after passage beneath said oven. I

5. A combined range comprising an insulated casing having a plurality of compartments, one of which constitutes an oven having bottom, top, and side walls, means defining a-circulation space beneath said oven bottom said space being provided with baffle means to direct the circulation of the products of combustion therethrough, a burner unit disposed in a burner unit compartment adjacent the oven compartment, said bumer unit compartment including a combustion chamber in which said burner unit is disposed, said space beneath the oven being connected with said combustion chamber through a vertical passage adjacent the side wal1 oi the oven remote from the burner unit compartment and a horizontal passage over the oven top wall, whereby products of combustion of said unit circulate over, around, and under the oven, said oven having insulating materiall on the top wall thereof and on the uppermost portion only of the side wall remote from the burner unit compartment, and mean including an adjustable air intake for the burner chamber and controllable flue outlets for said casing for selectively controlling the circulation of the products of combustion of said unit at low velocity through said passages and space. 6. A combined range comprising an insulated casing having a plurality of compartments, one of which constitutes an oven having bottom, top,

and side walls, means defining a circulation space beneath sa'id oven bottom, a burner unit disposed in a burner unit compartment adjacent the oven compartment, said burner unit compartment including a combustion chamber in which said burner unit is disposed, said space beneath the oven being connected with said combustion chamber through avertical passage adjacent the side wall of the oven remote from the burner unit compartment and a horizontal passage over the oven top wall, whereby products of combustion of said unit circulate over, around, and under the oven, said oven having insulating material on the top wall thereof and on the uppermost portion only of the side wall remote from the burner unit compartment, and adjustable means for controlling the circulation of the products of combustion of said unit at low velocity through said passages'and space a flue outlet for exit of products of combustion from said casing before passage beneath said oven, and a second flue outlet for exit of products of combustion from said caslng after passage beneath said oven.

7. A combined range of the type described having a fuel burner compartment and an oven dis-' I defining a space beneath the oven in communication with said vertical passage and in non-insulated heat transfer relation to the bottom of said oven forthe circulation of gases from said combustion chamber, said oven having a combustion chamber extending through said space, and an oven heating element in communication with said last named chamber a flue outlet for exit of and the side of said oven remote from said comproducts of combustion before passage beneath partment, said oven being provided with a top insaid oven and-another flue outlet for exit of prodsulated wall and a side wall insulated on the upper acts of combustion after passage beneath said part separating said oven from said horizontal oven. 5 and vertical passages, respectively, and means 8. A combined range of the type described havdefining a space beneath the oven in communiing a fuel burner compartment and an oven discation with said vertical passage and in nonposed in side-by-side non-insulated relation, said insulated heat transfer relation to the bottom of compartment including a combustion chamber said oven for the circulation of gases from said having a burner unit therein, means defining con- 10 combustion chamber a flue outletror exit of prodnected horizontal and-vertical passages in com-' nets of combustion before passage beneath said munication with said combustion chamberfor oven and another flue outlet for exit of products circulating products of combustion from said of combustion after passage beneath said oven. combustion chamber respectively along the top v WILIJAM T. CALEY.

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