US2292154A - Boiler - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 4, 1942. P. PARIS@ 2,292,154

v BOILER Filed July 10. 1940 2 Sheets-Shet 2 fas; ./Ze feras o INVENTOR 8v mjfwr@ i ATTOR N EYS Patented Aug. 4, 1942 UNETED STATES iDTEsl-T QFFICE 1 Claim.

My invention relates to new and useful improvements in boiler construction.

An important object of my invention is to provide a boiler having a fire box and an essentially extended conduit leading therefrom for conducting the combustion gases to an outlet flue, which fire box and conduit is enclosed by a plurality of inter-communicating water chambers or jackets.

Another object of my invention is to provide a boiler of the above-mentioned character wherein the construction of the fire box and conduit is unique to provide additional heat absorbing surfaces whereby the erlicacy of the device will be materially increased.

Still another object of my invention is to provide a boiler of the above-mentioned character which is simple in its construction and efficient and efficacious in the performance of its duties.

Other objects and advantages of my invention, will be apparent during the course of the following description.

In the drawings, forming a part of this specication, and wherein like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout the same,

Figure l is a side elevation of a boiler constructed in accordance with my invention,

Figure 2 is a front elevation thereof,

Figure 3 is a perspective view of one of the front section castings of the boiler,

Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view taken on line 4--4 of Figure 1, and

Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 5-5 of Figure 1.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein for the purpose of illustration, is shown a preferred embodiment of my invention, the numeral lil designates a boiler in its entirety, which boiler comprises a plurality of interconnected section castings. The similar castings l I to l5 are arranged at the forward end I6 of the boiler and are of substantially greater depth than the castings ll secured to and extending rearwardly thereof.

Figure 3 best illustrates the construction of the castings Il to I5. The upper ends of the vertically arranged horizontally spaced side members t8 and I9 are connected by the top member 20. The side and top members are of hollow formation to provide internal intercommunication water chambers or jackets and the lower ends of the side members are closed. The outer walls of the side and top members are essentially V-shaped in cross section, the sides being outwardly convergent to define an essentially medial ridge therearound. The vertically spaced horizontally arranged hollow partition walls 23 and 24 are disposed below and in spaced parallel relation with the top member 20 and the opposite ends thereof are integrally joined to and open through the inner wall of the side members. Vertically arranged horizontally spaced hollow partition walls 25 and 26 extend between the top member 2|] and the horizontal partition 24 and in spaced parallel relation with each other and with the side members. The opposite ends of the vertical partitions integrally connect with and open into the transversely disposed top member 20 and the horizontal partition walls 23 and 24.

The lower ends of the side members are formed with horizontally aligning openings 3l in their front and rear walls, which openings receive the nipples 32. The nipples extend through registering openings of adjacent section castings, as illustrated in Figure l, to provide a passage between the separate castings through which water or other fluid may flow. The V-shaped outer wall of each of the top members 28 is provided with horizontal tubular elements 33, which elements integrally connect therewith and extend therethrough, the outer ends of the tubular elements terminating a slight distance from the front and rear walls of the castings. When the castings are arranged in interconnecting relation with each other the tubular elements 3S will be disposed in horizontal alignment to receive connecting nipples 32 which provide connecting passages between the top members 2i) of the castings through which water or other liquid contained therein may flow.

A hollow spherically curved member B is disposed below the lowermost horizontal partition wall 24. rlhe middle portion of the arch is integral. with the bottom wall of the partition 24 and communicates therewith through the opening 35. The opposite ends of the arch are integrally connected with the inner wails of the side members and communicate with the hollow interior thereof through the openings 2i and 36.

The section castings Il are greater in number than the castings H to I5 and extend rearwardly thereof a suicient distance to provide essentially extended flue passages through which the heated combustion gases must travel in passing from the re box to the outlet flue or chimney 22. I have here illustrated fourteen of the castings Il as extending rearwardly of the spaced vertically disposed hollow side membersr 38 and 39 integrally connected with the vertically spaced horizontally disposed upper and lower members 4I) and 4I. The lower members 4I are disposed in substantially horizontal alignment with the openings 2| and 36 of the arch member 34 and the top membersv 48 extend rearwardly of the top members 20 of the first-mentioned castings. The side members align with the top portion of the side members I8 and I9 and communicate therewith and with each other through the ports 21 and 28. The vertically spaced horizontally arranged hollow partition walls 42 and 43 integrally connect to and communicate with the side members and the horizontally spaced vertically disposed hollow partition walls 44 and 45 integrally connect to and communicate with the horizontal partitions and the upper and lower members 48 and 4I. The outer members 38, 39, 40 and 4I are similarly formed with V-shaped outer walls and the ports 2 and 28 receive nipples 32 to permit fluid to flow freely between the separate section castings.

The lower ends of the side members 2l of the first-mentioned section castings are closed by a box-like stand 46 the top wall 41 of which is open and traversed by the parallel grate elements 48. The chamber 49 thus formed is closed by the front wall 58 and rear wall 5I to provide a nre box, and the windpipe 52 communicates therewith adjacent the bottom thereof. The windpipe extends from a suitable oil burner (not shown) of the pressure atornizing type, or similar construction, which burner provides a suitable fuel for combustion within the re box. A steam outlet pipe 53 leads from the water jackets at the rearward end of the section castings I1, as illustrated in Figure l.

When the section castings are connected in the manner hereinabove described, the castings I1 provide vertically spaced horizontally extending conduits 54, 55 and 56. Each of the conduits comprises horizontally spaced passages 51,

A58 and 59; the respective passages of each of the conduits are disposed in vertical alignment with each other and each of the passages of the lower conduit 54 open into the re box 49. The forward ends of the passages are closed by the plate 50, and the rearward ends thereof are closed by the plate 60. The exhaust duct 22 opens through the last-mentioned plate and into the passages of the upper conduit 56, which duct leads to a chimney, or other outlet, adapted to dispose of the exhaust gases traversing the conduits. The box-like ue door 62 carried by the closure plate 60 affords communication between the conduits 54 and 55 at the rearward end of the boiler and the box-like flue door 63 carried by the closure plate D affords communication between the conduits 55 and 56 at the forward end of the boiler. The door 64 hingedly mounted on the front plate 50 permits access to be had to the interior of the fire box.

Water is introduced into the hollow wall inembers and partitions of each of the section castings II, I2, I3, I4 and I5 and I1, which wate` may freely circulate through the castings and from one casting to the adjacent castings through the passages provided by the interconnecting nipples 32. The heated combustion gases developed by the fuel burning within the fire box will rise and be deflected into the passages 51, 58 and 59 of the lower conduit 54 by the horizontal battle provided by the partitions 24 and 34 of the castings II to l5 and I1. The gases must traverse the entire length of the lower passages to the flue door 62 which permits the same to rise and enter the passage 51, 58 and 59 of the intermediate conduit 55. The gases move forwardly within this passage and, after traversing the entire length thereof, have access to the passage 51, 58 and 59 of the upper conduit 55 through the ue door 63. The gases then traverse the entire length of the upper conduit and are discharged through the duct 22.

A great deal of the inefficiency of past boiler constructions has been due to the fact that the boiler does not utilize all of the heat developed within the re box. It is obvious that even though an essentially hot re is provided in the fire box, if a large percentage of the heat is permitted to escape through the exhaust flue 22, the efficiency of the boiler is materially decreased. The boiler construction herein illustrated requires that the gases escape by an essentially tortuous path through the passages of the several conduits 54, 55 and 56. The fact that each of the conduits is subdivided into separate passages provides even greater heat absorbing surfaces in that the side walls of each of the passages is utilized to transfer the heat from the gases at the outer side thereof to the water at the inner side thereof. Each of the passages of each of the conduits is entirely enclosed by columns of water contained within the outer walls and partitions of the section castings, and the water enclosing the passages absorbs heat from the combustion gases through each of the four sides of the passages. By the time the gases have successively traversed the lower, intermediate and upper conduits substantially all of the heat has been removed therefrom and the combustion gases which escape through the duct 22 are essentially cold.

The length of the passages provided by the section castings I1 may 'be varied in accordance with the intensity of heat intended to be developed within the re box. Castings I1 may be added to or removed from the portion of the boiler extending rearwardly of the fire box to provide conduits of suflicient length to assure the complete absorption of heat from the gases passing therethrough.

Experience teaches that if the upper, lower and side walls of each of the passages comprise a conventional flat plane surface, the heat absorbing capacity thereof is relatively slight. I have, therefore, provided each of these walls with integral parts 55 which extend from the plane of the main wall portion and into the passages. The protruding parts of the walls provide concavities in the walls of the enclosing water `iackets and permit a portion vof the water within the jackets to extend into the passages beyond the plane of the main wall portion. The heat absorbing surface offered by the walls of each of the passages is, therefore, materially increased and the heat absorbing capacity of the Water enclosing the passages is also proportionately increased. The protruding parts of the passages may be likened to additional or auxiliary pipes extending longitudinally through the passages. A pipe is provided for each of the four Walls of each of the passages and each of the pipes opens through its respective wall and into the water jacket at the inner side thereof. Each of the pipes, therefore, enhances the heat absorbing capacity of the water within the jacket.

The provision of the protruding parts materially increases the efficiency of the boiler and permits a relatively small and compact construction to completely absorb the heat from the combustion gases. The water in the jackets may be rapidly heated and a substantial saving of fuel may be effected by reason of the complete utilization of the heat developed within the re box.

It is to be understood that the form of my invention, herewith shown and described, is to be taken as a preferred example of the same, and that various changes in the size, shape and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of my invention, or scope of the appended claim.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

In a boiler construction, a plurality of interconnected section castings, each of said castings 4having a hollow outer wall, hollow vertically spaced horizontal partitions, and hollow horizontally spaced vertical partitions, said partitions and walls being intercommunicative and constituting water compartments and each of said castings being communicative with the castings adjacent thereto for fluid circulation therebetween, the areas enclosed by the walls and partitions of the castings being in register with each other to provide a plurality of separate vertically spaced horizontally extending heat conducting conduits and each of said conduits being subdivided into a plurality of separate horizontally spaced passages, the conduits being alternately communicative at each end of the boiler, each passage being substantially rectangular and having vertical side walls and horizontal top and bottom walls, and a hollow semicylindrical protuberance on each of said horizontal and Vertical walls extending to the ends of the Walls and closed at the ends, the semicylindrical protuberances being open throughout the length of its side opposite the semicylindrical side and communicating with the water compartments, said semicylindrical protuberances approximately forming a plurality of pipes which receive Water from the compartments and which provide auxiliary heat absorbing pipes projecting into said passages to effect additional transfer of heat to the water and increase the rate of circulation of the Water through the compartments.

PASQUALE PARISO.

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