US226998A - Baling-press - Google Patents

Description

, (NoM'del.) Y A W.. P. GROOM.

vBamling-Press. NCL 226,998. Patented April 27, |880.

NITED STATES y PATENT Orrica.

WALLACE I). GROOM, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

BALING-PRESS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 226,998, dated April 27, 1880 Application filed March 16, 1880.

To all 'whom fit may concern:

Be it known that I, WALLACE I). GROOM, of the city of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and usef'ul improvements in Baling- Presses, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to what are known as continuous presses,n in which a traverser or plunger is reciprocated in a rectangular trunk or press-chamber.

While the plunger is back the cotton or other fibrous material to be baled is put into the trunk or press-chamber in small quantities in advance of said plunger, and when the plunger makes its forward stroke or movement any material introduced in front of it is forced forward and tightly compressed in said trunk or press-chamber.

The compressed material is divided at proper intervals by dividing pieces, which are inserted,while the machine is in motion, through the feedopening into the press chamber. These pieces divide the compressed material into separate bales, and supply openings needed for tying the said bales.

In presses of this character it is desirable tov prevent the pressed material from a return or retrogressive movement, due to the elasticity of the pressed material when the plunger commences its backward movement and the pressure thereof' is removed from the pressed m-aterial. To this end one feature of my invention consists in the combination, with a reciprocating plunger, of a trunk or press-chamber furnished upon the sides with series of ratchetshaped teeth, which not only offer resistance to forward movement of material, but also prevent retrogressive movement of the pressed material as the plunger recedes. As the pressed material is forced from the receiving end of the press-chamber toward the exit its elasticity is gradually subdued or overcome, and the depth and length of said ratchet-teeth are gradually diminished toward the exit of the press-chamber, the angle of their faces being kept preferably uniform.

It is also desirable that the material, before being introduced into the press chamber, should be formed into thin layers of proper size to approximately fit the press-chamber, and to (No model.)

effect this I employ a condenser or preliminary pressing device, working in a chamber arranged parallel with the press-chamber, for condensing the loose material, a feeder having a movement at right angles to the condenser and press-chamber, for forcing the single layers of material as they are successivelyibrmed into the press-chamber, and mechanism for actuating the plunger, condenser, and feeder, to permit of the proper dwelling of certain of said devices while the others perform their Work. For instance, the condenser, after moving quickly forward to form the loose material into a layer, remains stationary while the feeder forces said layer into the press-chamber. The

feeder, after forcing said layer into the presschamber, remains stationary' with its end liush with the inner surface of the press-chamber, closing the opening in the chamber and forming one side thereof, while the plunger moves forward to compress the material.

The press-chamber has bearers or ways extending longitudinally through it, by which the dividing-pieces are prevented from entering or engaging with the ratchet-teeth as they are moved with the material. rllhe said dividing-pieces, which are in the form of thin plank, with grooves to admit of the passage of wire ties or bands, are of a size to iit transversely within the press-chamber, and' are intended to be introduced through an opening in the feedtable into the condenser box or chamber, and to be forced forward by the condenser, like the layers of material under the feeder, which forces them into the press-chamber in the same manner that it introduces the layers of material.

To prevent the dividing-pieces from falling over, the upright walls of the condenser-chamber and of the press-chamber are provided with longitudinally-extending beads or ribs, and the dividing-piece is grooved or notched at its edges to engage with said beads or ribs.

Other features of my invention consist in various details of the operating mechanism, and in combination of parts hereinafter. to be described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l represents a longitudinal vertical section through a press embodying my invention. Fig. 2 represents a plan thereof, partly in section. Fig. 3

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represents a transverse vertical section on the dotted line x w, Fig. l. Fig. 4 represents a diagram view, illustrating the operation of the plunger and feeder connection. Fig. 5 represents a similar diagram, from the opposite side of the press, of certain other parts; and Fig. 6 represents a face View of one of the dividing-pieces.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

A designates the press trunk or chamber, which is represented as arranged in a horizontal position, and is rectangular in transverse section.

B designates the press-plunger, closely fitting within the press-chamber A, and adapted to be reciprocated therein by any suitable mechanism. In the present instance this operating mechanism consists of a crank composed of two disks or wheels, C C, and a connecting-rod, D, extending therefrom. In one side (in this instance in the top) of the presschamber is an opening or filling-mouth, c, through which material to be pressed is introduced while the plunger B is back, for instance, in the position shown in Fig. l. At each forward stroke of the plunger the material is compressed against the pressed ma terial previously placed there, forming an additional layer.

In order to offer the proper resistance to the forward movement of the pressed material toward the exit end of the press-chamber, and at the same time to prevent the retrogrcssive movement of the pressed material due to its elasticity when the plunger commences its backward movement, I form in the sides of the press-chamber series of ratchet-teeth b, the inclined surfaces of which offer resistance to the forward movement of the pressed material, so as to enable the plunger to work more effectively, and the square faces of which effectively prevent the retrogressive movement of the material after the plunger leaves it. As the pressed material approaches the eXit end of the press -chamber its elasticity is gradually subdued or overcome, and hence the ratchet-teeth are formed so that they diminish in depth and length from the beginning to the exit end ofthe press -chamber, as clearly shown in Fig. l, the angle of their inclined surfaces preferably remaining the same.

In order to provide for separating the pressed material into bales and lto provide for tying the bales, I employ dividing-pieces E, which are introduced at intervals, as desired, through the feed-opening c, and are carried forward with the pressed material.

In order to prevent the dividing-pieces from en gagin g with the ratchet-teeth I), I leave plain surfaces or bearers c, extending longitudinally through the press-chamber, which are shown clearly in Fig. 3.

In order to prevent the dividing-pieces E from tipping or canting before they are sup ported by the pressed material, I furnish the upright walls or sides of the press-chamber with beads or ribs d, (here shown as rounded,) and I provide the dividing -pieces E with notches e in their opposite edges, which engage with said beads or ribs.

As shown in Fig. l, the beads or ribs d are tapered at one end, so as to readily engage with the notches in the dividing-piece. The beads d, in addition to holding the dividingpieces upright, also form recesses in the pressed material, in which the metal ties and connections may rest, so that the bags or covering will not be chafed by them.

In opposite sides of the presschamber A are slots j', through which the wires or hands for tying the bales may be inserted.

In order to facilitate the pressing of material it is desirable tha-t the material should, before being introduced into the press-chainber, be subjected to a preliminary pressing or forming, and I have represented this press as provided with devices whereby the loose material may be formed into layers, and other devices whereby these condensed layers may be forced into the press-chamber.

Arranged parallel with the press-chamberA, and in the present instance at the top thereof, is a condensing-chamber, F, in which a condenser, F, is adapted to he reciprocated. This condenser consists, in this instance, of a plate attached to a horizontally-arranged board or support, F2, which moves back and forth upon the top of the condensing-chamber F, and is secured thereto by the tongues g en gaging in the `grooves h, as shown clearly in Fig. 3.

Gr designates a section of a feed board or table arranged over the condensing-chamber F and provided with feed-opening G', through which the loose material is introduced, and which may be made adjustable in size for different materials.

Arranged against the back wall, F3, of the condensing -boX F is a feeding device, H, which, as represented in Fig. 2, is shown as secured to said back wall by means of grooves i in said feeder, in which tongues or ribs j upon the said back engage, so that it may be moved vertically.

The loose material introduced into the condensing-chamber is carried forward by the movement ofthe condenser and pressed against the back wall of the condensing-box, so as to form a layer of material condensed or partly pressed, the feeder H being meanwhile in an elevated position. After the condenser ceases its movement the feeder commences to descend and forces the layer of condensed material down through the opening a into the presschamber. During the downward movement of the feeder the condenser is held stationary and forms, with the back of the condensingbox F3, walls, between which the feeder works. When the feeder has completed its downward movement its inner end, which enters the opening a., stands flush with the inner wall of the press-chamber and forms, in fact, a portion of one side of the press-chamber. The plun- IOO IOS

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sesame s ger B, which during the downward movement of the feeder has been moving forward, does not reach the opening a until after it is closed by the feeder, and hence the material cannot catch in the opening and impede the operation of the press.

The dividing-pieces E are inserted through the opening G into the condensing-cham ber, and said chamber is provided with beads or ribs d', like those in the press-chamber, for

engaging within the notches e in the dividingpiece and holding it upright, said beads or ribs being arranged at the same distance apart as those in the press-chamber. The dividingpieces are carried forward by the condenser and pushed down by the feeder H, iu the same manner as the layers of material.

In Figs. l and 3 the dividing-pieces are represented as passingfrom the condensing-chamber, they being there shown as about half-way into the pressing-chamber.

In order to prevent the dividing-piece from dropping into the press-chamber by its own weight, I secure to the sides of the condensing-box F strips 7c, of rubber, or provide other elastic faces, which bear upon the opposite edges 'of the dividing-piece and hold it until it is forced down by the feeder.

I designates a folding device, consisting of a strip or piece of elastic material secured at the edge of the feed-opening G to the sides of the condensing-box. This folding device is set at an angle or incline, as shown in Fig. l, and its elasticity permits of its yielding' as the material passes under it.

Any material which projects above a line on the plane of the bottom of the feeder when elevated is turned or folded over or backward by this folder, and also pressed down as the condenser F passes under it, because of its inclined position.

As before explained, it is very desirable that the feeder and condenser should have certain dwells or stops during their operation, and I will now describe the mechanism whereby they are operated and these results attained.

J designates a lever swinging upon a fulcrum-pin, l, and connected at its upper end, by a link, J', 'to a cross-head, J2, from which extend arms or rods J 3, forv operatin g the condenser F.

An elastic cushion, J 4, may be employed for deadening any severe shock that might occur, and thereby prevent breakage of the operatin g mechanism.

The lower portion of the lever J is bifurcated and embraces the connecting-rod D, and

the said connecting-rod is furnished with a pin, m, which engages in aslot, n, of peculiar form, in the said lever.-

The slot n is of such form that while the crank-pin of the driving-wheels Gis traveling from the dotted position o to the dotted position o (see Fig. l) the condenser F remains stationary in its outward position, the lever J being in the position shown in dotted outline in Fig. l'. .Vhile the crank turns from the position o to the position o2 in Fig. l the condenser makes a quick forward movement, and then remains stationary while the crank makes a quarter of a revolution to the position indicated by p. While the crank moves from p to o the condenser moves back.

By changing the form of the slot n the movement of the condenser might be varied, if found to be desirable.

The mechanism for operatin g the feeder, as here shown, consists of levers K, secured by fulcruin-pins g to the sides of the press, and connected at one end, by rods K, with a bar, K2, extendingacross the top of the feeder. At their other ends these levers K are provided with pills r, which engage in slots s in 1 plates L, extending on each side of the plunger B, and constituting part of said plunger. These slots are composed of an inclined portion and a straight portion on each side thereof, and by the longitudinal movement of the plunger B the levers K are swung or oscillated and the feeder operated.

The slots s are so formed in this example of my invention that the feeder remains stationary in an elevated position during about half theforward movement of the plunger, and is moved quickly down and remains stationary in its depressed position during the remainder of the movement ofthe plunger.

By changing the form of the slots s the movements of the feeder might be modified.

If desirable, in lieu of the mechanism here shown for operating the feeder, I might con-4 nect the ends of the levers K, by means of rods, with a rock-shaft extending transversely across the machine, so as to impart an osci lating motion thereto, and in such case the feeder would be connected at its center to an arm or lever extending from the rock-shaft. An elastic connection or cushion, somewhat similar to the cushion J4, might be employed between the feeder and said arm, if such mechanism were used.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The combination of a reciprocating plunger and a press-chamber, to which said plunger is fitted, and the sides of which presschamber are provided internally with series of ratchet-teeth which diminish in length and depth gradually from the feed-entrance to the exit end of said chamber, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. The combination of a reciprocating plunger and a press-chamber1 to which said plunger is litted, the sides of which are provided internally with ratchet-teeth, and which is also provided with longitudinally-extending plain surfacesor bearers, substantially as and for the'purpose specified.

3. The combination of a reciprocating plunger and a press-chamber, to which said plunger is iitted and the upright walls of which are provided internally with projecting beads or ribs, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

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4. The combination of a reciprocating plunper, a press-chamber, to which said plunger is iitted and which is provided with a feed-opening, a f'eeder movable transversely to the presschamber and fitting said opening', and mechanism for operating said plunger and feeder and holding said feeder stationary in said opening while the plunger moves past it, substantially as specified.

5. The combination of a reciprocating plunger, a press-chamber, a condensing-chamber, areal-opening from said condensing-chamber tov said press-chamber, a reciprocating condenser, a feeder adapted to be moved transversely to the coinlensing-chamber, guides for said feeder, and mechanism for operating said plunger, conden ser, and feeder, and for holding said. condenser stationary while the said feeder moves inward, substantially as specified.

G. The combination of acondenser and a condensing-chamber, to which said condenser is iitted and the uprightwalls of which are provided internally with longitudinal beads or ribs, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

7. The combination, with a reciprocating plunger and a press-chamber, to which said plunger is fitted and the upright Walls ofwhich areprovided internally with beads or ribs, of a reciprocating condenser and a. chamber, to 'which said condenser is fitted and the upright walls of which are provided internally with D, the lever J, to one end of which the condenser is connected and which is provided near the other end with a slot, n, engaging with a pin, m, in the connecting-rod, all arranged substantially as and for the purpose specified.

l0. The combination of the condenser F', the arms or rods J, the cross-bar J2, the link J', the bifurcated lever J, provided with a slot, n, and the connecting-rod D, provided with the pin on, substantially as specied.

l1. The combination ofthe press-chamber A, plunger B, fitting therein, the feeder H, the cross-bar K2, the oscillating levers K, provided with the pins r, the slots s in the plunger, in which said pins engage, and rods K', connecting said levers with said cross-bar and the feeder, substantially as specified.

VALLAGE P. GROOM. Vitnesses CHANDLER HALL, E. P. JEssUP.

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