US2268002A - Paint vehicle - Google Patents

Description

Patented Dec. 30, 1941 William A. Waldie, Dayton, Ohimassignor to New, Wrinkle, Inc., Dayton, Ohio, a corporation of Delaware .No Drawing. Application September 29. 1939,

Serial No. 297,163 g 9 Claims. (01. 269-19) My invention relates to coating compositions and more particularly to compositions which can be dried to a wrinkle finish. The invention is applicable for compounding wrinkling varnishes and enamels having a viscosity suitable for spraywrinkle varnish or enamel composition which is comparable to similar finishes made using blown" oilsing or brushing without using blown oils. This materially reducesthe cost and provides an improved wrinkle finish product.

Wrinkle finishes vas heretofore made inthe art have been compounded from so called wrinkling blown drying oils, such as China wood, linseed, Perilla, oiticica, etc. Other paint and varnish oils of the so called non-wrinkling type, such as:soya bean, chia, walnut, hempseed, lumbang, poppy seed, sunfiower seed, sailiower seed, castor, fish, etc. may be utilized. Large amounts of the non-wrinkling oils, however, cannot be used in the wrinkling of the finish on drying is inhibited. Prior to my invention it has been necessary to use .blown or pro-oxidized oils in compounding wrinkle finishes in order to obtain the most satisfactory results. This was particularly true where wrinkle finishes of sprayable consistency were de-' sired.

The disadvantage of using blown .oils lies in their instability. This instability results from the pre-oxidation of the oil which oxidation continues in a progressive manner after termination .'of the blowing treatment. At the beginning of the therefore, cannot be stored for any length of time before use. p

It has also been found that in using wrinkle coating compositions made with blown oils a wrinkle finish having very fine texture cannot be produced, the tendency being for the finish to form a coarse or heavy textural wrinkle pattern on drying.

It is an object of this invention to compound wrinklefinish compositions which are stable on' storing and can be readily modified so as to produce various textural wrinkle patterns upon d'ryins.

Another object of this invention is to eliminate the necessity of using blown ois in compoundingwrinkling compositions.

Another object of this invention is to provide a may be utilized in place of those mentioned.

Another object is to provide a wrinkle finish composition which can be blended with wrinkling varnish;or pigmentgground-in drying oil so as to produce a coarse, medium or fine textural wrinkle pattern.

oils which oils comprise raw China wood oil,

the formulation of wrinkle finishes; otherwise Varnish A'-1 o I Modified phenol aldehyde resin (Amberol or Beckacite) "pounds-.. Lead acetate or linoleate; do 5-9 Raw China Wood 011 "gallons" 15-25 T Bodied linseed oil do 2-5- Solvent naph h do 8-10 Toluol do 18-25 Varnish A-Z v Modified phenol aldehyde. resin (Amberol" or Beckacite) -1 pounds 100 Lead acetate or 1 inoleate do 5-9-- Raw China wood oil gallons 12-20' Bodied jPerilla oil do 5-10 Solvent naphtha do 8-10 Toluol y do 18-25 Varnish 4-3 Modified phenol aldehyde resin (Am- X berol" or Beckacite-) pounds 100.-

v Lead acetate or linoleate, do 5-9 Raw China wood oil gallons 5-10 Bodied oiticica do'. 12-20,... Solvent naphtha; do.. 8 -10 Toluol o 18-25 Another object is to compound awrinkle coating composition .comprising'wrinkling paintoil to produce a wrinkle finish adapted for brushing or. spraying which dries to a very fine textural wrinkle pattern.

Another" object is to produce wrinkle compositions which can be mixed with drying oil fatty acids, to produce the" desired -lpattem or. I

texture of. wrinkle finish.

. To eliminate the use of blown oils in the formulation-of wrinkle finishesof this'invention, I employ a wrinkling vamish base having a typical-formula as \follows: 1

In the foregoing varnish formulae the synthetic resins employed are of the oil soluble phenolaldehyde type, typical formulae and method of making which are shown in United States Patents1,623,901 and I'f632,113.

It will be understood that various other resins Resins which are suitable are kauri, dammar, Congo,-cumar, pontianak, Manila, Zanzibar, copal, and the like. Further other phenol formaldehyde resins of the rosin, fossil resin and ester gum modified type which are readily compatible with the oil vehicle may be used. Also glycerol phthalic resins of the oil soluble type may be utilized, or mixtures of the above resins. Other wrinkling paint oils such as poyok, parinarium oils or equivalent oils containing poly-conjugated double bond linkage may be substituted'for the wrinkling oils mentioned in the formula. The bodied linseed oil employed is the grade known in the trade as varnish linseed." This product comprises linseed oil which has been processed by heat treating the same be-. tween 575 to 600 degrees F. until a desired degree of viscosity is obtained. Similarly the bodied perilla oil utilized has been bodied by heat treating in the same manner as in making bodied linseed oil. The oiticica oil used has been bodied by heat treating to a temperature around 450 to 550 degrees F. for an hour to an hour and a The preferred method of making varnishes A-l, A-2 and A-3 is to heat all the China wood oil together with approximately V to of the resin in a vessel to a temperature around 540 degrees F. Thereafter the metallic drier, re-

mainder of the oil and he resin are added. When the resinis dissolved the product can be cooled and thinned with solvent or it canbe heated longer to obtain a higher viscosity before thin- I p q I have discovered, however, that if the varnish is cooled quickly after the second portion of resin is dissolved, a clear wrinkle varnish can be made having improvedspraying and wrinkling properties. The essential step in making varnishes A-l, A-2 and 4-3 is the sudden chilling .or cooling of the heat treated oleoresinous mass immediately Other examples of liquid driers which may be utilized are as follows:

Liquid drier B Lead linoleate pounds 5-10 Cobalt acetate do 2-6 Linseed-oil fatty acids do.. 2-5 China wood oil fatty acids do 4-8 Toluol, xylol, petroleum naphtha or coal tar solvent gallons 6-8 Liquid drier C Lead linoleate pounds 4-8 Manganese borate ..do 2-5 Cobalt acetate do 1-3 Drying oil fatty acids (China wood oil,

linseed, etc.) do 5-8 Toluol, xylol, petroleum naphtha or coal tar solvent gallons 6-9 at the end of the heat treatment. This may be i done in any suitable manner such as by the application of cold water'or byrefrigeration.

This method of making the wrinkle finish composition provides a sprayable wrinkle finish product which is comparable with that made with. blown oils and does not have the disadvantage as regards instability on storing. The heat'treatment in making the varnishes, it will be understood, may be varied between a temperature range of 450 to 550 degrees F., depending upon the particular product desired, but preferably the heating is conducted above 500 degrees F.

By maintaining the percentage amount of the total solids in the composition the same and heating the product i for diiferent lengths of time, I can regulate the viscosity of the varnish. The longer the varnish is heated the higher becomes lts viscosity and correspondingly the shorter the period the lower the viscosity. This is true even though the amount of solvent or thinner added may be the same in bothcases.

In making a clear wrinkle compositionfrom the above varnishes A-l, A-2 or A-3 about 2 to 5 per cent of a liquid drier is added to the varnishes. A drier composition which has been found to be verysatisfactory for this purpose is For producing a wrinkle, finish composition of the desired texturalwrinkle finish pattern the above varnishesA-l, A-2 and 'A-3 may be'made having relatively low or .high viscosities as determined by the Gardner-Holdt standards for' varnish. In general the higher the viscosity of the varnish I the coarser v the texture of the wrinkle finish.

Where a finer textural pattern of wrinkle finish is desired than can be obtained by the use of a low viscosity varnish, a varnish-like solution of drying oil fatty acids may be incor- By adding various proportions of varnish 2B .or varnish C to, the low'viscositywrinkle varnishes A-L A-Z or'A-3, the texture or pattern of the": wrinkle produced on drying is modified. The

higher the proportion of varnish B or C added to the varnishes the finer the texture of the wrinkle finish produced. I

In making pigmented wrinkling enamels the desired colorpigment may be ground into the varnishes A-1, 11-2 or A-3. Owing, however,

to the volatility of the solventfused in preparing varnishes A-l, A-2 and A-3 it-is preferable to use a special grinding vehicle for this A typical example of this is as follows:

Varnish D Modified phenol aldehyde resin (Am- I berol" or "Beckacite") pounds.. Lead acetate or linoleate ..-do.- 5-9 Raw China wood oil gallons -1540 Bodied linseed oil .do 2-5 Toluol or xylol -..do.. .8-12 High-boiling petroleum naphtha ..do 35-50 Varnish D is made in a like manner-as varnishes A-l, A-2 and A-3 but in this instance the heat treatment is maintained to obtain a heavy viscosity product. This grinding varnish is then mixed" with the conventional paint pigments to make a paste of the desired color. Thereafter it is passed through a disperse the pigment paint mill to thoroughly in the vehicle. As an example of a Pigmented white paste the following. formulae are typical: 7

Whitepaste i-A Titanium oxide pounds 840 Zinc oxide is added in this instance to inhibit any yellowing tendency on baking.

Green paste 1-0 Chrome green pounds -7 Blanc fix (BaSO4) do ."3-4 Varnish D a ns" 1 wrinkling enamels made with the above pastes would have the following formulae:

White wrinkling enamel 1 Paste l-A pounds.. 2-3 Clear wrinkling varnish A-l', A-2 or A'-3 gallons 1 White wrinkling enamel 2 Past 1-IB. pounds 2-3 Clear wrinkling varnish A-l, A-2

or A-3 gallons..-. 1

Green wrinkling enamel' Past l-C pounds- 2-3 Clear wrinkling varnishes A-1, A-2

or A-3 gallons 1 In the above formulations where the wrinkling varnish employed is of high viscosity the texture of the wrinkle will be coarser than that produced by a varnish of lower viscosity as heretofore explained. To obtain finer textural wrinkle finish patterns in the case of enamels, I

In place of the inert pigments mentioned in the formula it will beunderstood that other inert materials may be utilized, for example whiting, Surfex (CaCOa) etc. Paste 3 produces-a fiat finish due to the use of the aluminum soaps.

In compounding enamelsgusing the above varnishes and pigmented pastes different wrinkle textures are obtained by incorporating various amounts of the inert paste. There is, however, a limit as to the amount of inert paste which can be-incorporated in the varnishes before the film becomes perfectly smooth on drying. The

amount depends on the particular inert pigment used in making the paste. When a sufllcient amount of inert paste has been incorporated in the enamel, various-amounts of drying 'oil fatty acid varnishes B or-C may be. addeditos vary the textural, pattern of thewrinkle finish.

In this. way a wrinkle finish-having a textural pattern so fine as to be practically invisible to the naked eye canbe produced. a

In drying the improved wrinkle finish of this invention, articles coated with the coating com-' position may be made to wrinkle by baking-the coating at relatively low or'high temperatures. For metallic and similarsurfacesa temperature of, 140 to 475 degrees F. may be,employed. For application of the. coating on wood, paper and similarmaterials a-somewhat lower temperature on the order of 125 to l50degrees F. may 'be'used.

Ordinarily'baking the finish .at elevated temperatures accentuates the wrinkling and provides a harder finish. Where a highly elasticfilm is desired the addition of small amounts o'f'nondrying or semi-drying oils, such as castor oil,

raw soya bean oil or similar materials may be made. Plasticizers such as dibutyl-phthalate or dicresyl phosphate also may be utilized.

The coacting compositions of this invention are useful in the manufacture of various compositions such as varnishes, enamels, linoleum, imitation leather and coatings for paper, metal and the like. Different decorativeeffects can be produced by applying the wrinkling composltionsand drying or baking them to a hard dry finish.

It will be understood that I desire to comprehend within my invention such modifications as come within the scope of the claims and the. invention.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. As an article of manufacture, a wrinkle drying coating composition comprising raw China wood oil, bodied drying oil resin, metallic drier, solvent thinner and 2 to 5% of a wrinkle texture modifying composition comprising vegetable drying oil fatty acids dissolved in solvent, said drying oil fatty acids beingselected from the group consisting of China wood oil fatty acids and linseed oil fatty acids.

2. As an article of manufacture, a wrinkle drying coating composition, comprising raw China wood oil, bodied drying oil resin, metallic drier,

solvent thinner and 2 to 5% of a wrinkle texture modifying agent comprising China wood oil fatty acids dissolved in solvent. 3. As an article of manufacture, a wrink drying coating composition comprising raw China wood oil, a bodied drying oil rosin modified phenol aldehyde resin, metallic drier, solvent thinner and 2 to 5% of a wrinkle texture modifying agent comprising vegetable drying oil fatty acids selected from the group consisting'of China. wood oil and linseed oil fatty acids,,said fatty acids being dissolved in a solvent.

4 As an article of manufacture, a wrinkle drying coating composition comprising raw China wood oil, bodied drying oil, resin, lead drier, solvent thinner and, 2 to 5% of a wrinkle texture modifying composition comprising vegetable drying oil fatty acids and a cobalt drier dissolved in solvent, said drying oil fatty acids being selected from the group consisting of China wood oil fatty acids and linseed oil fatty acids.

5. As an article of manufacture, a wrinkle drying coating composition comprising raw China wood oil, bodied drying oil, resin, lead drier, solvent thinner and 2 to 5% of a wrinkle texture ingcoating composition comprising raw China wood oil, bodied drying oil, resin, lead drier, solvent thinner and 2 to 5% of a wrinkle texture modifying composition comprising vegetable drying oil fatty acids and cobaltacetate dissolved in solvent, said drying oil fatty acids being se- 8. As an article of manufacture, a wrinkle drying coating, composition comprising raw China wood oil, a bodied drying'oil rosin modified phenolaldehyde resin, lead drier, solvent thinner and 2 to 5% of a wrinkle texture modifying agent comprising cobalt linoleate and vegetable Q drying oil fatty acids selected from the group,

consisting of'China wood oil and linseed oil fatty acids, said fatty acids and cobaltlinoleate. being dissolved ina solvent;

9. As an article of manufacture, a wrinkle dry.

' ingcoating composition comprising raw China lected from the group consisting "of China wood oil fatty acids and linseed oil fatty acids;

'7. .As an article of manufacture, a wrinkle drying coating composition comprising raw China wood oil, a bodied drying oil rosin modified phe I nolaldehyde resin, lead drier, solvent thinner and 2 to 5%':of a wrinkle texture modifying agent and vegetable drying go comprising a cobalt drier 0!] fatty acids selected'from the group consisting ofChina wood oil and linseed oil fatty acids,

said fatty acids and cobalt drierbei'ngdiSsolved in a solvent.

woodoil, a bodied drying oil rosin modified phenolaldehyde resin, lead drier, solvent thinner and 2 to 5% of a wrinkle texture modifying agent comprising cobalt acetate and vegetable drying oil fatty acids selected from the groupconsisting' of China wood oil and linseed oilfatty acids, said fatty acids and cobalt acetate being dissolved in a solvent.

A. warms,