US2132901A - Agent for and process of sizing textile fibers - Google Patents

Description

Patented Oct. 11,

AGENT on AND PROCESS OF- SIZING TEXTILE FIBERS -Kurt Jochum, Frankfort-on-the-Maim and Hermann G'eier; Koenigste'in in Taunns, Germany, assignors to General Aniline Works, Inc., New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application December 19, 1929, Serial No. 415,348. Renewed November 3, 1934. In Germany December 24, 1928.

8 Claims.

This invention relates to agents for sizing tex tile fibers and process of preparing them. r The loose ends which project from a. textile thread canbe smoothly laid on the surface of the thread by treating the threads with sizing agents.

During this operation the sticking together of the several threads must be avoided as much as possi-'' ble. As sizing agents there are principally used starch (either alone or mixed with fat, wax or parafiin and the like), dextrin, glue or similar substances. I The textiles sized according to the processe hitherto known in most cases can be freed from size only by special operations; Thus, for in-y stance. the sizes containing starch must be treated with a ferment decomposing-starch or with an Y oxidizing agent or a substance of hydrolytic ac- .tion. The sizing agent which .is suitable for cotton cannot beapplied with the same good effect to other textile fibers. 1

Now, we,have found that an excellently well sized material is'obtained by treating textile fibers with compounds of'high molecular weight of the type of polyvinyl alcohol. The size is absorbed by the fiber already after a short treatment and may be appliedequally well to'varlous textile fab-' rics; in each case there is obtained a perfectly well sized thread. The alcohol may be applied at temperatures of 10 CF90? C. v

As polyvinyl alcohols there may be used products of various lengths of chain and various chem- I ical constitution obtained by any of the usual methods. Processes of preparingthem are, for instance, described in Berichte .der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft, 19 27, pages 1658-1663. According to the desired effect of the products theymay also be prepared from polyvinyl este of various degrees of viscosity.

The polyvinyl alcohol may be applied either invention but are not intended to limit it thereto, the parts beingby weight: a

(1) a. Cotton is treated for a short time in a bath in which there are dissolved polyvinyl.alcohol in the proportion 1 ;30 and about 10 percent 5 of a sulfonated oil (calculated upon the quantity of the polyvinyl alcohol), The material is then squeezed uniformly and dried at about 45 C.- 50" C.

In order to free the woven material from the 10 size it is rinsed in hot water at 80 C., advantageously with addition of 1-2 grams of soap .per-

alone ormixed with additional material used for a sizing, such as oil, fat wax or the like. The thread remains very pliable ifa sulfonated oil is added to the sizing bath. The material sized and dried according to the present process is free from dust, whereas this is generally not the case with material prepared with resin containing starch.

{The material can very well easily be"freed from the size, for instance by simply rinsing it in hot water, to which may be added a small'quantity of f soap, without applying any other auxiliary means. Material which is not at all or not entirely freed from the size can be dyed without any difli- .culty since the sizeand the fibrous material used are dyed equally.

The following examples serve to illustrate the troduced into a dye-bath at about 45" c. with- 66 I liter.

b. Cotton yarn is passed through a bath in which polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in the pro- 15.

portion 1:30; the material is then squeezed uniformly and dried at about 45 C. to 50 C.

The yam sized according-to (a) or (b) is introduced into a dyebath at about 45 C. without previousv washing and the bath is slowly heated to 20 80 C. The material is then dyed with the usual additions, rinsed and dried.

(2) a. Artificial silk yarn is treated for a short time in a bath inwhich there are dissolved polyvinyl alcohol in the proportion 1:50 and 10 per cent of a sulfonated oil (calculated upon the quantity of polyvinyl alcohol). The material is then squeezed uniformly and dried at about 45 C.- 50 C. It may be freed from the size by means. of hot water, advantageously with addition of 1-2 grams of soap per liter, at 40 C.-50 C.

b. Artificial silk yarn is passed through a bath in which polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in the proportion 1:50; the material is then squeezed unifo rmly and dried at about 45 C.

The yam sized according to(a) or (b) is dyed by introducing it at about 40 C. into a dyebath and raising the temperature slowly to 60 C. it is dyed with the usual admixtures and then rinsed and dried;

, (3 a. Woollen yarn is passed through a bath in which polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in the proportion 1:30 and 10 per cent of a sulfonated oillcalculated upon the quantity of polyvinyl alcohol) the material is then squeezed uniformly and dried at about 45 C.- C. It may be freed from the sizeby rinsing it in hot water at C. advantageously with addition of 1-2 grams of soap per liter. b. Woollen yarn is passed through a bath in 50 which polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in the proportion 1:30; it is then squeezed uniformly anddried atabout 45-50 C.

The yarn sized according to (a) or (b) is inout being washed previously and heated slowly to 80 C. It is dyed with the usual admixtures, then rinsed and dried.

We claim:

1. A process of sizing textile fibers which comprises treating the fiber with a solution of a polyvinyl alcohol. i i

2. 'A process of sizing textile fibers which comprises treating the fiber with an agent containin polyvinyl alcohol and a sulfonated oil.

3. An agent for sizing textile fibers which comprises a polyvinyl alcohol and a sulfonated oil.

4. A process of sizing textile fibers which comprises treating the fiber with a sizing composition comprising a' polyvinyl alcohol and material of the group consisting of oils, fats and waxes.

5. A textile sizing composition comprising a polyvinyl alcohol and a material of the group consisting of oils, fats and waxes.

6. As a sizing agent for textile fibers, a solution of a polyvinyl alcohol.

'7. A process of sizing textile fibers which comprises treating the fiber with a textile sizing composition comprising an efiective amount of a polyvinyl alcohol.

8. A textile sizing composition comprising an effective amount of a polyvinyl alcohol.

KURT Jocsrum. 'HERMANN GEI'ER.