US2130636A - Looms with stationary weft supplies - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 20, 1938. Q CLUTSOM 2,339,636

LOOM WITH STATI-ONARY WEFT SUPPLIES Filed Sept. 3, 1957 11 Sheets-Sheet l ATTORNEY Sept. 20, 193E c, CLUTSCM 2,130,636

LOOM WITH STATIONARY WEF T SUPPLIES Filed Sept}. 3, 1937 I ll Sheets-Sheet 2 Ji 3 Fig.4. 4

INVENT A Sept 2%, 1938.

c. CLUTSOM LOOM WITH STATIONARY WEFT SUPPLIES ll shegts-sheet 3 Filed Sept. 3, 1937 ATTORNEY Sept. 20, 1938. c. CLUTSOM I LOOM WITHv STATIONARY WEFT SUiPLI ES Filed Sept. 3, 1937 ll Sheets-Sheet 4 HWE/s/TO E Sept. 20, 1938. c. CLUTSOM 2,130,636

LOOM WITH STATIONARY WEFT SUPPLIES Filed Sept. 3, 1937 11 Sheets-Sheet 5 WWWW Fig. 11.

Sept. 20, 1938.

c. CLUTSOM LOOM WITH STATIONARY WEFT SUPPLIES Filed Sept. 3, 1937 11 Sheets-Sheet 6 Ariana-Y LOOM WITH STATIONARY WEFT SUPPLIES Filed Sept. 3, 1957 ll Sheets-Sheet 7 INVENTOR Sept. 20-, 1938. CICLUTSOM 2,130,636

' LOOM WITH STATIONARY WEFT SUPPLIES Filed Sept. 3, 1937 ll Sheets-Sheet 8 Sept. 20, 1938. c uTs M 2,130,636

LOOM WITH STATIONARY WEFT SUPPLIES Filed Sept. 3, 1937 i ll Sheets-Sheet 9.

Fig. 14.

,4 TTO/P/VE yr SeptfZO, 1938. Q CLUTSQM 2,130,636

LOOM WITH STATIONARY WEFT SUPPLIES Filed Sept. 3, 19:57 11 Sheets-Shet 1o Fig.18.

ATTORNE)? Sept. 20, 1938. QCLUTSOM 2,130,636

LOOM WITH STATIONARY WEFT SUPPLIES Filed Sept. 3, 1937 ll Shegts-Sheet ll Fig. 19.

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AfTO/Q/VEYI Patented Sept. 20, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Charles Clutsom, 8t. Michaela, Ashby-de-la- Zonch, England Kpplication September a, 1931. Serial No. 162,369

Great Britain September 19, 1936 11 Claims. Cl. 139-124) This invention relates to looms with weft supplies which are stationary as regards insertion of the weft and has reference more especially to looms such as are employed for weaving elastic fabrics in the piece for manufacture subsequently into elastic garments, suchfor example as corsets, corselets, belts, girdles and like foundation garments, as well as to small-ware looms for weaving elastic webs and like narrow pieces, such as ribbons and braids in continuous length. The invention is not, however, to be regarded as limited in this respect as it may be applied to looms for weaving ordinary fabric in the piece for other purposes.

An object of the present invention is to provide in or for a loomimproved means whereby fabric can be satisfactorily produced without the use of shuttles, thereby obviating the disadvantages attendant on shuttling so that increased output is obtained while considerable saving of thread results and costs of production are reduced.

Another object of the invention is to provide improved means for producing woven fabric with a knitted selvedge, as will be hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is a plan view of a unit or an attachment for application to a loom in the production of a plain weave with a single weft thread and a knitted selvedge.

Figure '2 is a side elevational view of the same.

Figure 3 is an end view as viewed in the direction of the arrow A in Figure 1.

Figures 4-9 are diagrammatic views illustrating successive stages in the operation of the weft laying member and the thread engaging element of the unit or attachment.

Figure 10 is a detail view of a part of Figure 8.

Figures 11 and 11a are'front elevations of so much of a small-ware weaving loom as is necessary to illustrate the application thereto of said unit or attachment.

Figures 12 and 12a are detail plan views hereinafter to be described.

Figures 13 and 13a are transverse sectional views taken on the line XIIL-XIH of Figure 11.

Figures 14 and 14a comprise face views of the cams which are employed for actuating the weft laying member and the thread engaging element respectively.

Figures 15, 16 and 17 are three views similar to Figures 1, 2 and 3' respectively showing an alternative form of unit or attachment fpr use in the production of double-faced woven fabric with a knitted selvedge.

Figure 18 is a detail side elevational view of a part of said unit or attachment with one of the side plates thereof removed.

Figures 19, 20 and 21 are three views corresponding to Figures 5, 6 and 7 respectively illustrating successive stages in the operation of the modified unit or attachment.

Figures 11 and 12 are drawn to a smaller scale and Figures 4-10 and 19-21 to a larger scale than the remaining figures.

' Like parts are designated by similar reference characters throughout the drawings.

In the particular illustrative embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 1-3, the weft laying member I and the thread engaging element 2 are mounted for movement upon a common bracket or like support, such as 3, adapted to be readily applied to and removed from a loom. The weft laying member is in the form of a thread guide and feeder and comprises a curved portion 4 which has therein a thread guiding eye 5 or equivalent passage for weft thread and is carried by or, as shown. formed integrally with a 25 radial or substantially radial arm or bar 6 (Figure 1) pivotally mounted on the bracket or like support so as to enable the portion 4 to be oscillated in ahorizontal plane. Conveniently the arm or bar 6 is attached, e. g. by means of screws 1,

to a small fiat plate 8 which is formed with a drilled boss 9 and mounted to turn about a stud l 0 carried by a lateral extension ll of the bracket 3. The said stud projects from the bracket at right angles thereto and is conveniently screwthreaded at .its lower end for engagement with a nut [2 which serves to fix the stud in position. To enable the weft laying member to pivot freely about the stud a ball or equivalent hearing such as H may be interposed between the boss 9 and the extension H. In this specific example the thread engaging element 2 is in the form of a latch needle, the latch of which is indicated at M. The needle is attached to a carrier bar l5 slidably mounted for reciprocation in, or as shown, on the bracket 3 and located at the side of the latter remote from the stud it between two plates l6 and I1 which together constitute aguide for the bar. The said bar is formed or provided with a laterally extending peg, pin or equivalent projection such as i8 whereby it can be reciprocated. The bracket 3 is bifurcated at its forward end in such a way as to form two forwardly projecting limbs l9 and 20 and the plate l6-w'hich is of a relatively thin character-is secured to is advanced to engage thread presented to it by the weft laying member I in the manner hereinafter described, such engagement is facilitated as the result of contact between the needle, or the carrier bar l5, and the said cam. When provided, the cam 22 is preferably fixed, for which purpose it is conveniently formed on a part 23 disposed beneath the carrier bar l5 and attached by means of screws to the top of the limb l9. The underside of the said bar is appropriately shaped to co-operate with the cam 22 in such a way that on each forward stroke of the bar the latter is lifted at its forward end to effect deflection of the needle as indicated in dotand-dash lines in Figure 2. Spring means are provided to depress the bar l5 and hence return the needle to its normal level when the bar is retracted. A blade spring 24 is conveniently provided for this purpose, one end of said spring acting on the top of the bar l5, while the other end is rigidly attached to a projecting part or to a small block suchas 25 on the bracket 3. A blade spring 26 also attached to the said projecting part or block and acting on the top of the bar l5 at the rear end thereof is provided to maintain the bar in contact with the part 23. The unit or attachment has associated with it means adapted to constrain the portion of the fabric in the region of the fell to follow a definite path and in the specific example now being described said means consist of a guide 21somewhat in the form of a bridge-piece--which extends at right'angles to the needle 2 between the plate I6 and an upwardly projecting lug 28 or like part formed or provided on the limb 20. The guide is formed at one end with a portion 29 which is secured in a slot 30 in the limb 20. A horizontally disposed slot 3| (Figure 3) is formed in and extends through the guide 21 to permit of the passage of fabric being woven. This slot is located in the same plane as the weft laying member I, that is to say in the plane in which the weft is laid, for the purpose hereinafter set forth. A roller 32 is conveniently provided on the unit or attachment to support fabric as'it passes from the guide 21 through a slot 33 in the bracket 3 to any suitable drawing-off mechanism. A brush 34 or some equivalent device is employed to ensure the latch l4 being open at appropriate times as will be hereinafter described and the said brush is attached to the end of a comparatively short rod 35 which is adjustably secured in a support 36 mounted on the plate It. A set screw 31 serves to set the brush in the required angular position. To enable the unit or attachment to be readily applied to the appropriate part of a loom the bracket is formed with one or more holes such as 38 for the passage of securing screws.

The unit or attachment just described is intended for use in the production of narrow pieces of woven fabric in continuous length and is adapted to be mounted in an appropriate position in a small-ware loom with the weft laying member I and the needle 2 located on opposite sides of the path of the warps a so that the portion 4 of the member can carry weft to and fro through a shed, such as b, Figure 13a, formed in the usual manner. Since, when the unit or at tachment is in use, the fabric being woven passes through the guide 21, proper passage of the weft laying member I through the shed is ensured, and in this way the said member is prevented from catching the warps a. The operation of the unit or attachment will now be described with reference to Figures 4-9. In Figure 4 a portion of fabric already woven is indicated at c and, as will be understood, this is being drawn off from the loom in customary manner and is supported in the region of the fell by the guide 21. The last pick of weft to be laid at the fell of the fabric is shown at d, the reed or sley of the loom is represented at 39 in dot-and-dash lines and the weft thread e from a stationary weft supply (not shown) is passing to and from the eye 5. Suitable thread tensioning means, e. g. spring pressed thread tensioning discs, with or without a light tension spring, may be and preferably are provided for obviating slackness in the thread e as it passes to and from the weft laying member. At the stage represented in Figure 4 the said member is at the end of a reverse stroke, the needle 2 is in the position shown and a loop 1 of weft thread previously formed at the edge of the fabric is on the stem and below the open latch I4 of the needle. The needle is now caused to be advanced to the position indicated in Figure 5 and at the same time deflected by the cam 22 aforesaid so that it engages the thread presented to it as a pick g is carried through the shed as the result of the member making a forward stroke. Positive engagement of the thread with the needle is secured by reason of the latter being deflected in the manner stated. The latch I4 is kept open by the brush34 or equivalent device aforesaid while the needle is advanced.

In Figure 5 the weft laying member is shown at the end of the forward stroke. During initial reverse movement of the said member, the needle remains stationary so that the thread is pulled into the needle hook 2| as shown in Figure 6. The curvature of the portion 4 and the angularity of the hook 2| is such, as will be seen, to facilitate entrance of the weft thread into the hook. As the weft laying member makes its reverse stroke to carry the next pick 11 of weft through the shed (Figures 7 and 8) the thread is pulled around the hook 2| to form a loop h. At this stage the needle is retracted. In Figure 7 the needle is shown in the course of retraction and, as will be seen, the pick g of weft is being pulled up to the previously laid pick d, the loop 72 is being drawn towards the forward edge of the plate l5 and the needle latch M is about to be closed by reason of its contact with the old loop 1. As the needle withdraws still further the latch thereof is closed, the newly formed loop 71. is elongated and drawn through the loop 1 and the latter is-cast-oif. The elongation of the loop h and the casting-off of the old loop f is facilitated by the forward edge of the plate |6 which constitutes a knocking-over edge and functions in conjunction with the needle to facilitate formation of the selvedge.

At the stage illustrated in Figure 8 (see also Figure 10) the needle is nearly fully retracted, the loop h is about to be drawn through the loop I and the latter is being cast-off or knocked over. The needle is subsequently advanced and the latch thereof is consequently opened by the loop intermediate driving gear or connections.

55 disposed at one side of the loom and adapted to i h, which latter is cleared as shown in Figure 9. During the successive stages just described the reed or sley 39 advances to beat up the wefts and just prior to the stage illustrated in Figure 9 the said reed or sley, by reason of its advancing movement and contact with the picks a and i, assists in clearing the loop 72 from the needle latch. The formation of the portion 4 of the weft laying member is such that the latter does not collide with the advancing reed or sley. After the loop has been cleared the needle is then slightly retracted to the position indicated in Figure 4 prior to the laying of the next pick of weft and movement of the needle to engage the latter; This sequence of movements just described is repeated at each oscillation of the weft laying member so that the weft thread is laid to and fro through/the shed b and the engaged portions of thread are interknitted to form a selvedge as weaving proceeds. As will be understood, the needle holds the thread each time the weft laying member vmakes a reverse stroke and it is in this way that a loop is formed. The manner in which the selvedge is produced is shown more clearly in Figure 10 and, as will be appreciated,it is the loops formed-by successive pairs of inserted picks of weft which are interknitted. The needle, which extends in the same general direction as the warps, reciprocates at right angles to the picks of weft.

Referring to Figures 11, -13, 131:, it will be seen that the unit or attachment is secured by means of screws 40 to the top of a longitudinal member 4| of the main frame of the loom at the front of the latter. As already alluded to herein, Figures 11-13 purport to show a part of a small-ware loom and in such a loom there will be as many units or attachmentsas pieces of web or the like to be woven although, for the sake of convenience in illustration, only one unit or attachment is shown, and, as will be seen, this is mounted in alignment both with the appropriate healds such as 42 (Figure 11) of the shedding mechanism and the corresponding reed or sley 39. Suitable actuating cams are provided for the weft laying member I and the associated needle 2 and motion is conveniently transmitted to said cams from a suitable source, such for example as one of the shafts of the loom, through The necessary movements are imparted to the weft laying member I by means of a fork or forks or equivalent means or, as shown, by a cam actuated slide bar 43 and to the carrier bar I 5 from a cam actuated rockshaft 44. The said slide bar is conveniently mounted in slots 45, one of which is formed in each of a number of spaced brackets such as 46 bolted or otherwise secured to the back of the frame member 4|. If desired, a roller 41 may be provided in each of the slots to support the slide bar and enable the latter to move freely as it is reciprocated, for the intended purpose. The slide bar, moreover, extends beneath the free end of the radial arm or bar 6 aforesaid, which latter is bent to enable it, to be located betweena pair of upstanding pins or the equivalent such as 48, which are formed or provided on a small block 49 attached to the slide bar. shown more clearly in Figure 13a, the slide bar 43 is attached to one end of a short slidable rod 50 which passes through a bearing block 5i and carries at its other end a roller 52 adapted to engage in a cam groove 53 formed in one, face of a cam 54. This cam, the shape of which is represented in Figure 14, is rigidly secured to a shaft be driven in timed relation with the operation of the various parts of the loom, for example from the main shaft of thelatter (not shown) through suitable gearing. Conveniently, and as seen more clearly in Figure 13, the shaft 55 is inclined downwardly from the front of the loom and at its end remote from the driving means is supported in a bearing 58 formed on a bracket 51 bolted to one of the side members 58 of the main frame. When the cam 54 occupies the position shown in Figure 11 the weft laying member is at the end of a reverse stroke and the arrangement is such that as the cam revolves in an anti-clockwise direction (as viewed from the front of the machine) the slide bar 43 reciprocates to actuate the weft laying member and move it to and fro through the shed b. The movements of the weft laying member are, of course, determined by the contour of the cam groove 53 and said member makes a forward stroke when the roller 52 engages the portion 1' of the groove, a reverse stroke when said roller engages the portion .9, and remains stationary at the end of the reverse stroke while the portion t passes the roller.

The brackets 46 and the block 5| are also adapted to support the rockshaft 44 and the latter has rigidly secured thereto a radially extending arm 59 which is connected to the pin, peg or equivalent projection l8 by means of a. short link 60. Thus, when the shaft 44 is rocked to and fro the carrier bar l5 and hence also the needle is reciprocated. An arm 6| is secured and another parallel with, the shaft 44. The said arm, moreover, is spring controlled to maintain the roller 62 in contact with the periphery of the cam 63, for which purpose a tension spring or springs such as 64 is or are conveniently employed. In the drawings one such spring is indicated and this is connected at one end to a lug 65 formed on the arm BI and at the other end to any suitable fixed part of the loom. The arrangement just described is such that as the cam 63 revolves the arm 8| is oscillated to rock the shaft 44. The shape of the cam 63 is represented in Figure 14 and when the roller 62 is in engagement with the peripheral portion u the needle remains stationary in the position indicated in Figure 4. Commencing at this position and during one revolution ,of the cam 63 the portion v thereof as the result of its contact with the roller 62 effects advancement of the needle to engage the thread, the portion w causes the needle to remain stationary, the portion :1: effects retraction of the needle so that it draws a loop of thread through a previously formed loop, the portion 11/ causes the needle to be advanced again to clear the newly formed loop and I as the result of its contact with the roller the portion 2 causes the needle to be subsequently with- A unit or attachment for use in the production of double-faced woven fabric with a looped or knitted selvedge will now be described with reference to Figures 15 to 18. The said unit or attachment is in all essential respects similar to that already described but, as will be seen from- Figures 16 and 17, it is provided with an additional weft laying member 66 of the same form as the weft laying member I. In Figure 1'7 parts of the weft laying members are broken away for the sake of convenience in illustration. The member 66 has a curved portion 61 which has therein a thread guiding eye 68 for passage of an additional weft thread and is carried by or, as shown, formed integrally with an arm or bar 69 attached, in a similar way to the arm or bar 6, to the plate 8. The two weft laying members are disposed one above the other in parallel planes and are adapted to be actuated together, for ex ample, from a cam actuated slide bar such as that hereinbefore described. When the modified unit or attachment is in use threads of different characteristics or/and colours, e. g. silk or artificial silk and cotton or wool are supplied to the pair of weft laying members and these threads are laid through a double shed of correspondingly dissimilar warps thereby producing double-faced fabric, such, for example, as one with a silk or artificial silk front and a cotton or wool back. The needle 2 is arranged and adapted to be operated in precisely the same way as the needle in the first described unit or attachment. In this specific example, moreover, the needle assists in forming a looped or knitted selvedge of both of the threads 2 and 7', Figures 19, 20 and 21, supplied by the weft laying members I and .66 respectively. In this connection, however, it will be understood that some means must be provided for pushing or pulling the appropriate portion of one of the weft threads into engagement with the needle at such times as a pick of said weft has been laid at a forward stroke of the corresponding weft laying member and the needle has been advanced to engage both threads. This is due to the fact that the operative end of one of the weft laying members is located above the needle. Referring to Figures 15 and 16, for instance, it will be seen that the operative end of weft laying member I is arranged at the same level as the needle 2, whereas the corresponding end of the member 66 is located above the needle. Thus, in this particular example, when the needle is advanced and consequently also deflected by the cam 22, the said needle only engages the thread e. Consequently, if both of the threads are to be subsequently drawn around the needle hook 2| to form a loop, then some means must be provided for pushing or pulling the appropriate portion of the thread 7' into contact with the needle. For this purpose a finger or like part such as 10 is conveniently provided in association with the needle and adapted to be operated conjointly with the latter. In the specific example shown the finger I is pivotally mounted on a pin H which is screwed into the side of the carrier bar I remote from the plate IS. The forward portionof the finger is curved as shown in Figures 16 and 18 to provide onits underside a downwardly directed surface and this portion is also bent or otherwise formed so that the extremity 12 thereof is disposed directly above the needle hook 2I when the needle is in the position it occupies immediately prior to being advanced to receive the threads (see Figures and 19). The finger I0 reciprocates with the needle and is adapted to be turned on its pivot to bring the extremity I2 just below the. needle hook when the needle is fully advanced, as indicated in dotand-dash lines in Figure 18. During such turning movement the finger acts on the thread a and pushes it into contact with the needle (see Figure so that when the weft laying members I and 66 make a reverse stroke the appropriate portion of said thread is drawn into the needle hook together with the corresponding portion of the thread e. In this way a loop is is formed of both threads and in Figure 21 the needle 2 is shown in the course of being retracted to draw the said loop towards the forward edge of the plate IS. The turning movement aforesaid is conveniently effected by cam means suitably fixed in relation to the finger. The finger I0 is conveniently formed with a downwardly projecting extension 13 adapted tobe acted upon by a suitably profiled portion 14 of a cam plate 15 fixed in position adjacent to the carrier bar I5. At such times as the needle 2 is fully retracted a rearwardly extending projection IS on the finger enters a notch 11 formed in the plate 15. The said plate, moreover, is maintained in position by means of a retaining plate 18 which is attached, e. g. by means of screws, to the limb I9 and formed with an appropriately formed slot 19 through which projects the head of the pivot pin or screw II.

If desired the needle of the last described unit or attachment may engage only one of the two weft threads to assist in forming it into loops, in which instance the other thread would be engaged but cast off without being formed into loops so that it passes round the loops of the other thread.- For example, the thread which is not to be formed into loops may be laid or brought below the latch of the needle so that it is cast off. The needle may be curved or inclined to enable this to be done or a separate finger or like part somewhat similar to the finger 10 may be provided in association with the needle and suitably operated so as to push or pull the appropriate thread behind or below the needle latch.

It will be understood, of course, that any convenient form of thread engaging element other than a latch needle may be employed in either of the units or attachments herein described.

There may be a thread engaging element located on the same side of the path of the warps as the weft laying member or members. By providing two elements in association with the same weft laying member or pair of such members but on opposite sides of the path of the warps, a looped or knitted selvedge can be formed at each edge of the fabric. When two elements are provided as aforesaid they may be operated simultaneously in the same manner or so that when one is advanced to engage the thread the other is retracted to cast oflf the thread. Again, and in conjunction with a unit or attachment for producing double-faced fabric, there may be a pair of thread engaging elements on one or each side of the path of the warps, one for each thread so that both wefts are formed into loops or knitted at one or each edge of the fabric. In such a case the two elements provided for engaging different threads at the same edge of the fabric may be attached to one and the same carrier bar.

When the weft laying member or members and the thread engaging element or elements are mounted on a bracket or like support as aforesaid the latter may be formed in two parts adapted for adjustment laterally one or each in relation to the other, e. g. by screw or other suitable means, so as to enable pieces of fabric of different widths to be produced.

As will be understood, in a loom adapted to weave but a single piece of fabric there will be one thread laying member and a co-operating thread engaging element, e. g. unit or attachment as aforesaid.

Several pieces of fabric may be woven simultaneously face to face, e. g. one above another,

' by suitable arrangement of weft laying members and associated thread engaging elements, in which case any suitable number of the said members and elements may be operated by actuating means such as those aforesaid, common to all.

The invention may be carried into practice in connection with existing looms by substituting the improved mechanism for the shuttles, shuttle boxes, picking mechanism and associated parts, thereby simplifying such looms as well as in new looms.

The shedding harness, reed or sley, the drawing-off means and associated actuating mechanisms are of conventional form, but a further advantage arising out of the invention is that the beating up motion of the reed or sley can be considerably shortened as there is or are no shuttle or shuttles to clear, so that fraying action on the warp threads is correspondingly reduced.

What I claim then is:-

1. In a weaving loom, in combination, a weft laying member pivotally mounted and adapted to operate to carry weft to and fro through a shed of warps, a guide, a latch needle attached to a carrier bar slidably mounted for reciprocation in said guide, said needle being adapted to operate in conjunction with the weft laying member to ensure laying of the weft to and fro through the shed and to form a knitted selvedge, a cam for effecting deflection of the needle on the forward strokes whereby positive engagement of the weft with the needle is facilitated, a part providing a knocking over edge adjacent to the needle to facilitate formation of said selvedge, and a slotted guide for supporting fabric adjacent to the fell while being woven.

2. In a weaving loom, in combination, a weft laying member pivotally mounted and adapted to operate to carry weft to and fro through a shed of warps, a latch needle arranged so that in use it extends in the same direction as the warps, a guide, a carrier bar to which the needle is attached and mounted for reciprocation in the guide, said weft laying member being so arranged in relation to the needle as to present weft to said needle at each of its forward strokes and the needle being adapted to operate in conjunction with the weft laying member to ensure laying of the weft to and fro through the shed and to form a knitted selvedge, a cam for effecting deflection of the needle on the forward strokes whereby positive engagement of the weft with the needle is facilitated, a part providing a knocking over edge adjacent to the needle to facilitate formation of said selvedge, and a slot ted guide for supporting fabric adjacent to the fell while being woven.

3. In a weaving loom, in combination, a weft laying member pivotaliy mounted and adapted to operate to carry weft to and fro through a shed of warps, a guide, a latch needle attached to a carrier bar slidably mounted for reciprocation in said guide, said needle being adapted to operate in conjunction with the weft laying member to ensure laying of the weft to and fro through the shed and to form a knitted selvedge, a cam for effecting deflection of the needle on the forward strokes whereby positive engagement of the weft with the needle is facilitated, a part providing a knocking over edge adjacent to the needle, a device adapted to ensure the latch of the needle being open as and when required, and a slotted guide for supporting fabric adjacent to the fell while being woven.

4. In a weaving loom, in combination, a pivoted weft laying member having a curved forward portion and adapted to operate to carry weft to and fro through a shed of warps, a latch needle arranged at the side of the warps opposite from that at which the weft laying member is pivoted and in such a way that in use it extends in the same direction as said warps, a bar which serves to carry the needle and is slidably mounted, said bar being provided with a part whereby it can be reciprocated to operate the needle in conjunction with the weft laying member to ensure laying of the weft to and fro through the shed and to form a knitted selvedge, a cam for effecting deflection of the needleon the forward strokes whereby positive engagement of the weft with the needle is facilitated, a plate providing a knocking over edge adjacent to the needle to facilitate formation of said selvedge, and a slotted guide for supporting fabric adjacent to the fell while being woven.

5. In a weaving loom, in combination, apair of pivoted weft laying members adapted to operate to carry weft threads to and fro through sheds of warps, a guide, a latchneedle, a carrier bar to which said needle is attached and slidably mounted for reciprocationin said guide, said needle being adapted to operate in conjunction with the-weft laying members'to ensure laying of the weft threads to and fro through the sheds and to form a knitted selvedge of both of said threads, a cam for effecting deflection of the needle on the forward strokes whereby positive engagement of the threads with the needle is facilitated, a. part providing a knocking over edge adjacent to the needle to facilitate formation of said selvedge, a finger associated with the needle and adapted to be moved in relation to the needle when the latter is reciprocated for the purpose herein described, and a slotted guide for supporting fabric adjacent to the fell while being woven.

6. In a weaving loom with a stationary weft supply, in combination, a pair of weft laying members, each consisting of a thread guide adapted to operate to carry weft to and fro through a shed of warps, a reciprocatory knitting needle adapted to operate in conjunction with the weft laying members to ensure laying of the threads and to form a knitted selvedge. cam means so arranged for action upon the knitting needle as to effect deflection of the latter on the forward stroke whereby positive engagement of one of the weft threads with said needle is secured a finger which reciprocates with said knitting needle and-is adapted to be moved relatively thereto on its forward strokes so that said finger acts upon the other weft thread and moves it into contact with the needle, and means for causing the fabric to follow a definite path in the region of the fell to facilitate laying of the weft. 9

7. In a weaving loom with a stationary weft supply, in combination, a weft laying member consisting of a thread guide adapted to operate to carry weft thread to and fro through a shed of warps, a reciprocatory knitting needle adapted to operate in conjunction with the weft laying member, to ensure laying of the weft to and fro through the shed and to form a knitted selvedge, cam means, so arranged for action upon the knitting needle as to effect deflection of the latter on the forward strokes, whereby positive engagement of the weft thread with said needle is secured, and means for constraining the fabric to follow a definite path in the region of the fell while being woven.

8. In a weaving loom with'a stationary weft, in combination, a weft laying member consisting of a thread guide adapted to operate to carry weft thread to and fro through a shed of warps, a reciprocatory knitting needle adapted to operate in conjunction with the weft laying member to ensure laying of the weft to and fro through the shed and to form a knitted selvedge, cam means so arranged for action upon the knittin needle as to effect deflection of the latter on the forward stroke whereby positive engagement of the weft thread with said needle is secured, a part providing a knocking over edge arranged to function in conjunction with the knitting needle, to facilitate formation of the selvedge and means for constraining the fabric to follow a deflnite path in the region of the fell, while being woven.

9. In a weaving loom with a stationary weft supply, in combination, a weft laying member consisting of a thread guide adapted to operate to carry weft thread to and fro through a shed of warps, a reciprocatory knitting needle adapted to operate in conjunction with the weft laying member to ensure laying of the weft to and fro through the shed and to form a knitted selvedge, cam means so arranged for action upon the knitting needle as to effect deflection of the latter on the forward strokes whereby positive engagement of the weft thread with said needle is secured, and guiding means arranged to be located adjacent the fell of the fabric in use, to hold said fabric in the plane in which the weft is laid, so as to ensure proper passage of the weft through the warp shed.

10. In a weaving loom with a stationary weft supply, in combination, a weft laying member, consisting of a thread guide adapted to operate to carry weft thread to and fro through a shed of warps, a reciprocatory latch needle. adapted to operate in conjunction with the weft laying member to ensure laying of the weft to and fro through the shed and to form a knitted selvedge, cam means so arranged for action upon the latch needle as to effect deflection of the latter on the forward strokes, whereby positive engagement of the weft thread with said needle is secured, means for constraining the fabric to follow a definite path in the region of the fell to facilitate laying of the weft, and, in association with said latch needle. means adapted to ensure the latch thereof being open to permit the needle to engage the thread as and when required.

11. In a weaving loom with a stationary weft supply, in combination, a weft laying member, consisting of a thread guide and a cooperating knitting needle, so arranged relatively as to be normally located on opposite sides of a series of warps in use and adapted to operate, in conjunction, whereby the weft thread is laid to and fro through a shed of warps and the engaged portions of thread are interknitted, thereby forming a selvedge as weaving proceeds, means for causing the fabric to follow a definite path in the region of the fell, and cam means, so arranged for action upon the knitting needle, as to effect deflection of the latter, on the forward strokes, whereby positive engagement of the weft thread with said needle is secured.

CHARLES CLUTSOM.

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