US2121337A - Dyeing mixed fibers - Google Patents

Description

. dyeing fabrics or menarche 21, 1938- a 7 re OFFICE DYEING mo mans Karl Brodersen.

Anhalt, German Works, 1110.,

. Delaware and Alfred Peters. Deccan-in asslgnors New York, N. Y a corporation of to General Aniline No Drawing. Application no is, 1937, Se-

rial No. 120,904. lin 1936 if on.

name Metach'rome Dyes (cf. index of Colour Index,' 1924 I), that are dyes, generally orthohydroxyazo' dyes, which are used in presence of metachrome mordant (ammonium sulfate and potassium chromate), thus forming the chromium complex compound of the dye on the fiber. On the other hand, dyes containing acid groups which in themselves have a certain dyeing ca-- pacity on vegetable fibrous material are known to be improved in their fastness to water and which dissolved in washing by treatment before or with compounds having ample quaternary bases of various kinds. In the case of Metachrome Dyes the treatment is not applicable for lack of any afhnlty for vegetable fiber. From their constitutionfor example from that of Metachrome Brown (Colour Index, 1923 I No. 101), it could not be supposed that the formation of a sparingly soluble salt decisive for the fixation with a base of high molecular weight would proceed of itself.

' The present invention-is based on the obserafter the dyeing cation activity, for exvation that Metachrome Dyes serve very well for dyeing fibrous materials consisting of, cellulose fibrous materials and wool in even shades, if

the fibers are pre-treated with a cation-active compound of high molecular weight it is well known that some groups of dye cotton and other cellulosic material without premordanting the fibers, however, until yet no colorlessorganic compounds were known which are taken up from a dilute aqueous solution and bound by the fibers so that they can be removed neither by washing nor soaping. In the following with the expression bases having an amnity for artificial fibers such organic bases of high molecular weight or the salts thereof are meant, water to form solutions of about 0.05 per cent. strength are absorbed by the fibers under corresponding exhaustion of the bath and remain on the fiber even when washing orsoaping the latter. I

Such bases are,'for instance, those which lean in their constitution towards the constitution of direct dyeing dyes, for example, the product of reaction of dichloracetylbenzldine with a trialkyl- Y which in itself has an amnity for artificial cellulosic fibers.

'of high Gey Jan 13.

amine or an analogous product of reaction of a tertiary base with ete diaminodiphenylurea.

Particularly advantageous are the bases which contain polyether radicles and guanidine radicles or, are derived from guanidine.

These bases are made, for example, by the reaction of the chlorhydrin of: a polyglycerol containing, for example, 7 glycerol molecules, with stearyldimethylamine; cyandlamide with a base of high molecular weight, for instance oleylamine, dodecylamine or the like. Derivatives of high molecular weight of guanidlne, guanyl urea and the like have similar eflect.

We mention, for ablc:--

Oleyl or stearylbiguanide of the formula or the corresponding compounds containing another higher alkyl radlcle with at least 10 carbon atoms or the biguanides in which the hydrogen Of the i alkyl or hydroxyalkyl.

Stearylguanidine of the formula CuHtr-NH-fi-NH:

and the corresponding alkyl and hydroxyalkyl derivatives.

The urea derivative of the constitution mHxr-O-fi-NH: I

instance, as especially suit- With the aid of these bases having an afiinity forartiflcial fibers it becomes possible to uniformly dye mixed fibers consisting of wool and cellulose wool in a single bath process. The fastness to washing, fulling and sweat of the dye- Inga, is considerably better than that imparted by other known processes. The application of Monochrome Dyes for the dyeing of such mixed fabrics has become possible owing to this invention.

The mode of operation is preferably as follows: r

The mixed fibers are treated for 1 to 2 hours at room temperature in a bath, for example of 1 per cent. strength, of the chloride of the basemolecular weight; the goods are then or by the reaction of dl-' or iminogroups is substituted by the dichloracetyl compound of squeezed, rinsed and dyed in the manner usual for dyeing wool with Metachrome Dyes.

t'l'lfhe following examples illustrate the inven- Emmple 1. -4 mixed fabric of wool and copper artificial silk is treated for 1 to 2 hours at room temperature in a cold solution of 1 per cent. strength of a quaternary base obtainable by the reaction of the chlorhydrin of a polyglycerol containing about 'I molecules of glycerol with octadecyl-dimethylamine; the goods are squeezed and rinsed. They are then dyed for an hour and a half at the boil in a bath with 8 per-cent. of Metachrome Bordeaux B (Colour Index 1928, No. 107) and 3 per cent. of Metachrome Mordant. There is obtained adyeing uniform in .all fibers. Precipitations do not occur in-the -5 grams per liter of. oleyl-biguanide, squeezed and rinsed. It is then dyed at the boil of the general formula liquor.

Ermnrlple 2.A mixed fabric of wool and viscose artificial silk is treated for an hour and a half at room temperature in a liquor which contains then for an hour and a half in a fresh bath with 4 per cent. of Metachrome Brown B (Colour Index 1923 I, No. 101) 4 per cent of Metachrome Mordant being added. A uniform dyeing of both kinds of fiber is obtained.

What we claim is:-

l. The process for dyeing mixed fabrics or other mixed fibrous materials consisting of regenerated cellulose and animal fibers which comprises pre-treating the material with an amidine wherein R means an alkyl radicle with at least other then l0 carbon atoms and a: is a connecting radicle of the group consisting of NH, -o-, -NH-C-NH and then dyeing both the fibers of the mixed material in even shades with an ortho-hydroxyazo dye in the presence of a chromium mordant.

2. The process .for dyeing mixed fabrics or mixed fibrous materials consisting of regenerated cellulose and animal fibers which comprises pre-treating the material with a biguanlde of the general formula r a-nn-c-mr-c-nm NH 11 wherein It means an alkyl radicle with at least 10 carbon atoms, and then dyeing both the fibers of the mixed material in even shades with an ortho-hydroxyazo dye in the presence of a chromium mordant.

3. The process for dyeing mixed fabrics or other mixed fibrous materials consisting of regenerated cellulose and animal fibers which comprises pretreating the material with oleyl-biguanide and then dyeing both the fibers of the mixed material in even shades with an ortho-hydroxyazo dye in the presence of a chromium mordant.

4. The process for dyeing mixed fabrics or other mixed fibrous materials consisting of regenerated cellulose and animal fibers which comprises pre-t'reating the material with oleyl-biguanide and then dyeing. both the fibers in even shades in the presence of ammonium sulfate and alkali metal chromate with the dye prepared by coupling diazotized picramic acid with metaphenylene-diamine.

KARL BRODERSEN. ALFRED PETERS.