US2117979A - Grinding machine - Google Patents

Description

W. OGILVIE May 17, 1938.

GRINDING MACHINE Filed April 4, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet l //V/ /V70A WILLIAM OGILVIE v May 17, 1938. w, OGILVIE 2,117,979

GRINDING MACHINE Filed April 4, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 I 11 v K Fzg. 2. i 1 g r n O O a} q. 5 5 22 Y ,1 A 3 2 II III 1 5 j; um w '2 2 28 g WILLIAM OGILVIE W. OGlLVlE May 17, 1938.

GRINDING MACHINE Filed April 4, 1956 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 //VV/V70l? WILLIAM OGILVIE May 17, 1938. w. OGILVIE 2,117,979

GRINDING MACHINE Filed April 4, 1956 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 //VV/V 7'01? WILLIAM OGILVIE y/yatzmm ATTORNEYS Patented May 17, 1938 GRINDING MACHINE William Ogilvie, Knowle, England, assignor to B. S. A. Tools Limited, Birmingham, England,

a British company Application April 4, 1936, Serial No. 72,785 In Great Britain April 13, 1935 8 Claim.

This invention relates to improvements in machines for grinding cylindrical bodies, of the kind wherein the work to be ground is supported between the co-acting faces of peripherally opposed grinding and control wheels, and refers more particularly to wheel trueing mechanism 01' the kind wherein a diamond or other cutting device is carried on a transversely movable slide,

adapted to be reclprocated by any suitable means, whereby the cutter is caused to traverse across the periphery of the grinding or the control wheel to effect the trueing of same, the said slide being carried on a longitudinally movable slide mounted on the hood or cover of the control wheel or the grinding wheel.

The object of the invention is to provide, in combination with trueing mechanism of the aforesaid kind, a form trueing mechanism whereby the peripheries of the grinding wheel and the control wheel can be automatically shaped or trued to any desired shape conforming with the shape or form of the cylindrical body it is desired to be ground. The term "cylindricaP as herein employed to define the type of body to be ground, is intended to include bodies of rotation other than true cylinders, i. e. bodies of-rotation which are figured or vary in circumference along their length.

According to this invention, as applied to trueing mechanism of the aforesaid kind, wherein a diamond cutter or other trueing device is carried on a transversely movable slide adapted to have imparted thereto a reciprocating movement whereby the cutter is caused to traverse across the periphery of the grinding or the control wheel to effect the trueing of same, and wherein saidslide is carried on a longitudinally movable slide to provide adjustment and infeed of the cutter, means are provided whereby the grinding and/or control wheel can be automatically trued to any desired shape conforming with the shape of the cylindrical body to be ground, characterized by the provision and use of a pair of formers, a tracer arranged for engagement with either of the formers, and spring loaded means whereby a former and the tracer. are held in operative contact during the traversing movement of the cutter whereby a combined longitudinal and sideway movement is imparted to the cutter, said movement conforming with the shape or form of the cylindrical body desired to be ground.

The invention also consists in means where- Q by the spring which controls the movement of the with the fixed tracer, can be locked or made inoperative and the former held clear of engagement with the tracer, to permit of the use of the trueing device in the ordinary way for effecting the trueing of a plain face on the peripheries of the grinding and the control wheels.

The invention also consists in the provision of means which are adapted to enable the operator to manually assist the action of the mechanism in imparting movement to the slide when the tracer is passing over a steep angle on the former.

Two constructions according to this invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings by way of example, in which:-

Figure 1 shows a side elevation of the upper part of a centreless grinding machine provided with one arrangement of form trueing mechanism, constructed in accordance with this invention.

Figures 2 and 3 show respectively, on an enlarged scale, a part sectional side elevation and a plan view of the form trueing mechanism.

Figure 4 shows, ona further enlarged scale, an end elevation and a part sectional view taken on line A --A, Figure 5. i I

Figure 5 shows a side elevation of the form trueing mechanism in conjunction with manually operable means adapted to assist the action of the former in imparting movement to the slide.

Figures 6 and 6a, respectively, are a plan view and an end elevation of one convenient arrangement of former.

Figure '7 is a longitudinal sectional view through the diamond holder structure.

Figure 8 is a cross section taken on the plane of line 88 of Figure '7; and

Figures 9 and 10 show respectively a part sectional side elevation and a plan view of a modified construction of form trueing mechanism.

Figure 11 is a plan view of the tracer bar.

According to one practical mode of carrying the invention into effect, as illustrated in Figures 1 to 5, I mount on the lower part of a transversely movable slide I carrying the holder 2 for a diamond or other trueing element 2a, a pair offormers 3 and 4, one being adapted for the form trueing of the periphery of the grinding wheel 5 and the other for the control wheel 6. A longitudinally movable slide is employed at I. Said slides I and l are mounted or supported in a manner common in machine tool design, that is, slide 1, as best seen in Figure 2, has a longitudinal dove-tail slot lh engaged with a correspondingly formed slide member ii carried by an angularly adjustable bracket 8, while slide 1, as best shown in Figure 4, has a dove-tail slide means 1): engaged in a correspondingly formed slot Ii in the hood or cover I4 of the aforesaid control wheel 5. In a longitudinal slot 1a formed in said slide I is mounted a rectangular bar 9 which carries at its front end a tracer 9 provided with a nose or projection III. In the rear end of said bar 9 is mounted an adjusting screw H which is longitudinally confined in an open ended slot I2 formed in one end of a block member I3 slidably attached to the hood as seen in Fig. 4. Said adjusting screw I I is reduced in diameter by means of a circumferential groove I5 arranged to engage the said slot I2 as seen in Figs. 2 and 3. The said block member I3 is further adapted to be released and moved clear of engagement with the said adjusting screw II to permit of withdrawal of the tracer bar 9, to allow of the turning of the tracer to a position for engagement with the other former. The said formers 3 and 4 are mounted and disposed in a. recess 30 in the lower part of the movable slide I one above the other, and as previously stated, one is adapted for the trueing of the grinding wheel 5, and the other for trueing the control wheel 5.

In the arrangement illustrated, as seen in Figure 2, the tracer 9' is arranged for its nose or projection III to engage with the upper former 3, and the diamond holder 2 is moved or turned to the position for the trueing of the control wheel 6. In Figure 1 the tracer 9' is shown turned to the position for engagement with the lower former 4, and the diamond holder 2 in the position for trueing the grinding wheel 5.

The diamond holder 2 (Figs. 7 and 8) is mounted in a cylindrical housing 50 on the front part of the transversely movable slide I, in which it is capable of being adjusted vertically and also turned to bring the diamond tool into a position for contact with the grinding wheel 5 or the control wheel 6. In the stem part 5| of the diamond holder on opposite sides thereof, are formed longitudinal slots 52 and 53, adapted to be engaged by a bolt 54, screw-threaded in housing 50, and on the upper part of the said stem part 5| is formed a screw-thread 56 engaged by a nut 55.

Nut 55 is carried by a tubular head 51 swivelled at 58 in the housing 50 and operable manually through the aid of a device 59 which also functions for rigidly clamping the diamond holder in either position to which it may be turned or adjusted.

When it is desired to turn the diamond tool through 180 degrees to move it from the position for contact with say the grinding wheel 5 to the position for contact with the control wheel 5, the bolt 54 is first withdrawn from engagement with the slot 52, thus permitting of the diamond holder being given a half turn bringing the other slot 53 into alignment with the bolt 54, which can then be moved into engagement with said slot 53.

The groove 5Ia around the stem part 5| is provided for ease in the manufacture of this part.

In order to make the tracer adaptable for engagement with either one of the formers 3 and 4, which are disposed one above the other, the nose or projection III of the tracer 9"is disposed eccentric to or out of centre with its attachment stem 22, as seen in Figures 1 and 2, so that by a half turning movement of the tracer 9', after removal of the tracer bar 9, its nose-or projection III can be brought into alignment with the \other former. Alternatively, the tracer 9' may be fixed and its nose or projection III so disposed in relation to the centre of the tracer bar 9 that by removal of the latter and a half turning movement before replacing same, its nose or projection III will be brought into alignment with the other former.

The rear end of the tracer bar 9 is bored at 9b to receive the rotatable but longitudinally confined adjusting screw I I, and a vertical opening I6 is formed in said bar 9 in which is located and non-rotatably housed a nut Il engaged by the said adjusting screw II, which latter, upon being rotated, will impart a sliding movement to the tracer bar 9 for the purpose of adjusting the nose or projection II) in relation to either of the formers 3 or 4. If desired, the tracer bar 9 may be slotted at 9a to lighten same and provide a passage for the inner end of screw II.

In order to allow of the ready removal of the tracer bar 9, to permit of the turning of the tracer 9' for the purpose previously described, the member I3, in which is formed the open ended slot I2 arranged to engage with the circumferential groove I5 in the adjusting screw II, is slidably carried on the bracket I3 secured to the end of the hood or cover I4 of the control wheel, the said member I3 being fixed in its operative position by a bolt 20 engaging with a slot 2I formed in said member, so that by releasing the said bolt 20 and sliding the member I3 sideways, it is freed from engagement with the adjusting screw I I of the tracer bar 9 and the latter can then be withdrawn to permit of the tracer being turned to bring its nose or projection III into alignment with the second former, or for the purpose of substituting another shape or form of tracer, such as one provided with a different shape of nose or projection I0.

The means whereby the longitudinally movable slide I is spring loaded for the purpose of holding the formers 3 or 4 in sliding engagement with the tracer, in a convenient arrangement comprises an adjusting screw 23 engaging with a nut 24 mounted in a lug or bracket 25 formed or fixed on the underside of said slide, the said screw 23 having fitted thereto a rotatable but longitudinally confined plain sleeve part 28 which is slidably carried in the bracket I8 fixed to the hood or cover I4 of the control wheel 6, and between the said bracket I 3 and a fixed collar 23 mounted on the outer end of the aforesaid adjusting screw 23 is located a compression spring 29 which normally tends to move the slide I and hold either of the formers 3 or 4 in engagement with the fixed tracer 9'.

Means are provided whereby the aforesaid adjusting screw 23 can be clamped to its bracket I8 and prevented from longitudinal movement, thus making inoperative its spring 29, as for instance when it is desired to dispense with the use of the formers 3 and 4, and employ the trueing device 2a for the producing or trueing of a 1 straight face on the,periphery of the grinding wheel 5 or the control wheel 5. In the fixed bracket I8, as seen in Figure 4, is mounted a clamping pad or sleeve 30 actuated by a suitable knob or nut 3I engaging with a screw-threaded stem part 32 of the said clamping pad, whereby it can be made to grip the sleeve 26 in which the adjusting screw 23 is rotatably carried and longitudinally confined, and thus prevent the spring 29 imparting movement to the slide I, but in this position, rotation of the adjusting screw 23 is adapted to impart movement to the slide I for adjustment of the diamond cutter 2a when employed for straight trueing of the grinding wheel 5 and control wheel 6. The screw 23 is also Means are provided to augment the effort of the spring 29 in moving the slide I when a steep angle on one of the formers 3 or 4 is being negotiated by the tracer, which in one convenient arrangement, as seen in Figures 4 and 5, comprise the provision of a rack and pinion device,

wherein the rack 33 is mounted on the, edge of the slide 1 and engaged by a pinion 34 pivoted to the side of the hood or cover I4 of the control wheel 5 and provided with a hand lever or other suitable operating means.

The mode of operation is as follows: Assuming it is desired to shape the periphery of the grinding wheel 5 to any desired configuration conforming to the shape of the body to be ground, the diamond holder 2 is adapted to be turned so that the diamond or like tool 2a may assume a position facing either the grinding wheel 5 or the control wheel 6 and adjusted vertically if necessary.

longitudinal movement by turning the clamping nut II whereby the clamping pad 30 is caused to grip the sleeve part 26 which is longitudinally confined on said screw. A turning movement of the adjusting screw 23 will then bring the dressing tool into contact with the periphery of the grinding wheel 5. The tracer bar 9, which may have been previously retracted, is then adjusted by turning the adjusting screw II which engages with the nut I'l, non-rotatably housed in said bar, to bring the tracer 9 at nose or projection III into contact with the former 4, which is of a' shape corresponding to the desired shape of the grinding wheel 5. The damping nut 3| is then turned to release the clamping pad 39 and permit of inward longitudinal movement of the sleeve 26 and the adjusting screw 23, when the latter is turned, whereby the spring 29 may be loaded or compressed to any desired degree, for the purpose of imparting an inward and outward movement to the slide 1, when a transverse movement is imparted to the slide I carrying the diamond tool holder 2, by any known means, in the'operation of dressing or truing of the wheel 5, such as a feed screw housed in the bracket part 8, engaging with a nut on the slide I, the said screw being rotated by a handle or other means. In the process of shaping the periphery of the grinding wheel 5, during the transverse movement of the dressing tool 2a, it will be readily understood that as the former 4 passes over the nose III, the said parts are held in sliding contact under the influence of the spring 29, which causes the slide 1 to have imparted thereto, during the transverse movement of the slide I and diamond holder 2, a slight backward and forward longitudinal movement according to the shape of the former 4.

When it is desired toshape the periphery of the control wheel 6, the tracer bar 9 is removed by first slackening the bolt 29, shown in Figs. 3 and 4, which permits of the block I3 being moved sideways to withdraw the slot I2 therein from engagement with the circumferential groove I5 formed in the adjusting screw I I, thus permitting of the complete withdrawal of the tracer bar 9.

The tracer 9 is then given a half turn movement which brings its nose I0 into alignment for engagement with the upper former 3, which is of such shape that it is desired, to form the periphery of the control wheel or wheels 6.

The adjusting screw 23 is first prevented from The tracer bar 9 and its adjusting screw II are again re-assembled and fixed in operative position by inward movement of the block I3 mounted on the fixed bracket I9, into engagement with the groove I5 in the adjusting screw II. The diamond tool holder 2 is given a half turn movement to bring the dressing tool 2a into 4 the position facing the control wheel 6, and is then moved into contact therewith as shown in Fig. 2, and the spring 29 is then tensioned or loaded in the manner as previously described.

During the process of shaping ortruing the periphery of the control wheel 6, the dressing tool 2a can be advanced as required by turning the adjusting screw I I in a clock-wise direction, when it has a right hand screw thereon, but when shaping or truing-the grinding ,wheel 5, it will be readily understood that the said adjusting screw II has to be turned in an opposite or anti-clockwise direction. The screw thread of screw II may be either right or lift hand. p

In the modified construction and arrangement shown in Figures 9 and 10, the transversely movable slide Ia carrying the diamond tool holder 2a is mounted on the front part 36 of a longitudinally movable slide 31 mounted on an angularly adjustable bracket 38 attached to the upper face of a lower longitudinally movable slide 1a mounted on the control wheelhead a. The' angularly adjustable bracket 38 is attached to the slide Ia. by a pivot 39 and is fixed to the slide 1a by a clamping bolt 49 fixed to the said bracket and engaging with a segmental slot H in the end of the slide Ia. When the formers 3a and 4a are employed for the automatic trueing of the grinding or the control wheel, the angularly adjustable bracket 38 is moved to and fixed in a central position, as seen in Figure 10, against a stop 42 (Fig. 10), in which position it is securely fixed by the clamping nut 43. The angular adjustment of the bracket 38 is only intended for use in known manner when it is desired to cut a straight taper or an inclined face on the grinding or the control wheel 6a, without the use of the formers 3a and 4a.

The formers 3a and 4a are mounted on theupper rear part of the transversely movable slide Ia. On a lug or projection 39a on the angularly adjustable bracket 38 is mounted an attachment plate 44, in which is carried a tracer provided with a nose or projection Ilia disposed eccentric to or out of centre with its attachment stem 22a so that a half turn movement of the tracer will bring its nose or projection I9a into alignment with either one of the formers 3a or 4a. On the inner face of the head of the tracer is formed a rib or register 45 arranged to engage with a corresponding slot or gap formed in the front face of the attachment plate 44 in which it is held in engagement by the clamping nut 46 mounted on the screw-threaded outer end of the stem part 22a of the tracer. I

In the arrangement illustrated in Figures 9 and 10, the nose or projection Illa of the tracer is shown engaging with the lower former 4a, and the diamond holder 2a is shown turned to the position for the diamond or like tool being used for trueing orshaping the periphery of the control wheel, So. It will be readily understood that when it is desired to true or alter the shape of the periphery of the grinding wheel, it is simply necessary to slacken the clamping nut 46, which turn movement will bring its nose or projection Ina into alignment with the upper former 3a, in which position it can then be securely fixed by means of the clamping nut 46, ready for the trueing or shaping of the grinding wheel, after I having given a half turn movement to the diamond tool In.

The means whereby the nose or projection lid of the tracer is held in operative contact with either one of the formers 3a or 4a during the longitudinal traversing movement of the cutter, whereby the latter has-imparted thereto a combined longitudinal and sideway movement, in the modified construction, comprises a loading spring 29a located between the lug 38a on the angularly adjustable bracket 38 fixed to the slide Ia, and a bearing sleeve 41 mounted in the outer end of the slide 31 which has mounted on its front part 36 the transversely movable slide la. The bracket 48 and the slide 31 are connected by an adjusting screw 23a engaging with a nut 24a nonrotatably housed in a vertical slot formed in the said bracket 38, the said screw having fitted rotatably thereon a plain sleeve part 26a which is longitudinally fixed between a collar formed on the screw and a collar 28a mounted on the outer end thereof, the said sleeve 26a being adapted to slidably engage with the bearing sleeve 4'! fixed in the upper slide 31.

Means are provided whereby the aforesaid adjusting screw 23a can be clamped to the slide 31 and prevented from longitudinal movement in relation thereto, thus making inoperative the spring 29a, when it is desired to dispense with the use of the formers 3a, or 4a and employ the trueing device for producing or trueing a straight face on the periphery of the grinding or the control wheel, said means in one convenient arrangement comprising a clamping pad or sleeve 30a, like that at 30, mounted in a slot formed in the upper slide 31, and arranged to grip the sleeve 26a, said pad being provided with a screwthreaded stem part 32a, and a clamping nut 3la. When the said sleeve 26a is clamped and prevented from longitudinal movement, rotation of the adjusting screw 23a will impart movement to the upper slide 31, together with the transverse slide la, thus separating the formers from the tracer to permit of removal or replacement of said formers, or allow of the reversing of the position of the tracer from its position in alignment with the one former to the position for engagement with the other former, and further to hold the tracer and former separated, when it is desired to use the trueing mechanism for trueing or forming a straight face on the periphery of the grinding or the control wheel.

In a plate 48 attached to the control wheel head i4a is mounted a rotatable and longitudinally confined infeed screw 49 engaging with a nut 50 non-rotatably mounted'in a bracket 5| attached to the underside of the slide 1a. The said infeed screw 49 is adapted for use in positioning the diamond holder 2a and its cutter in relation to the peripheries of either the grinding or the control wheels, and for applying the requisite feed movement to the cutter in the operation of trueing or shaping the wheels.

The mode of operation of the modified device shown in Figures 9-and 10 is as follows: In the arrangement illustrated, the diamond tool holder 2a is turned to the position for shaping or truing the control wheel 6a, while the tracer Illa is shown in engagement with the lower former 4a, under the influence of the spring 29a. In

this arrangement the lower former 4a is of a shape corresponding to the desired shape of the control wheel in. By rotation of the adjusting screw 49, the tool is brought into contact with the control wheel 6. When it is desired to shape or true the grinding wheel, the diamond tool holder 2a is given a half turn movement, so that the cutter then faces the said grinding wheel. The adjusting screw 23a is then longitudinally confined on the slide 31 by means of the clamping nut Sid and pad 30a engaging the sleeve part 26a, so that by a turning movement of the said screw 23a, the tracer Ina can be retracted from. engagement with the former 4a a sufficient distance to permit of a half turn movement being given to the tracer Ilia by first slackening the nut 46, which permits of the tracer being moved forward to release its rib or register 45, and then turned to bring its nose or projection 2a into' alignment with the upper former 3a, which corresponds in shape to the shape it is desired to form on the periphery of the grinding wheel. When the clamping bolt 3la is released, the spring 29a will cause the slide 31 to move forward and bring the tracer Illa into operative engagement with the former 3a, the said parts being held in sliding contact, during transverse movement of the slide i a, under the influence of the spring 29a, in the manner as previously described.

In the operation of truing or shaping the grinding wheel and the control wheel'Ga, the adjustment of the cut of the tool 2a can be effected by rotation of the adjusting screw 49."

What is claimed is:

1. In combination with a grinding machine having a grinding wheel and an associated control wheel, a truing device for said wheels, a slide reciprocable transversely with respect to the periphery of said wheels, means to adjustably mount and position said truing device on said slide to coact with either of said wheels, means providing former surfaces on said slide one individual to each of said wheels, a tracer, means adjustably mounting the tracer in relatively fixed relation to the slide for engagement with said former surfaces individually, and means to maintain following contact of the tracer with the adjacent former surface during movement of the slide.

2. In combination with a grinding machine having a grinding wheel and an associated control wheel, a truing device for said wheels, a slide reciprocable transversely with respect to the periphery of said wheels, means to adjustably mount and position said truing device on said slide to coact with either of said wheels, means providing former surfaces on said slide one individual to each of said wheels, a tracer, means adjustably mounting the tracer in relatively fixed relation to the slide for engagement with said former surfaces individually, and spring-loaded means maintaining contact of the tracer with the adjacent former surface during movement of the slide.

3. In combination with a grinding machine having a grinding wheel and an associated control wheel, a truing device for said wheels, a slide reciprocable transversely with respect to the periphery of said wheels, means to adjustably mount and position said truing device on said slide to coact with either of said wheels, a pair of formers on said slide one individual to each of said wheels, a tracer, means adjustably mounting the tracer in relatively fixed relation to the slide for engagement with said former surfaces individually, and means to maintain following conriphery of said wheels, means in adjustably mount and position said truing device on said slide to coact with either of said wheels, a pair of superposed formers on said slide one individual to each of said wheels, a tracer, means adjustably mounting the tracer in relatively fixed relation to the slide for engagement with said former surfaces individually, and means to maintain ,following contact of the tracer with the-adjacent former surface during movement of the slide.

5. In combination with a grinding machine having a grinding wheel and an associated control wheel, a truing device for said wheels, a slide reciprocable transversely with respect to the periphery of said wheels, means to adjustably mount and position said truing device on said slide to coact with either of said wheels, means providing former surfaces on said slide one individual to each of said wheels, a tracer, means adjustably mounting the tracer in relatively fixed relation to the slide for engagement with said former surfaces individually, means to maintain following contact of the tracer with the adjacent former surface during movement of the slide, and means operable to maintain the tracer retracted so as to I be unaffected by either former surface.

6. In combination witha grinding machine having a grinding wheel and an associated control wheel, a truing device for said wheels, a slide reciprocable transversely with respect to the periphery of said wheels, means to adjustably mount and position said truing device on said slide to coact with either of said wheels, means providing former surfaces on said slide one individual to each of said wheels, a tracer, means adiustably mounting the tracer for variation of its angular position in relatively fixed relation to the slide for engagement at different elevations with said former surfaces individually, and means to maintain following contact of the tracer with the adjacent former surface during movement of the slide. v

7; In combination with a grinding machin having a grinding wheel and an associated control wheel, a truing device for said wheels, a slide reciprocable transversely with respect to the periphery of said wheels, a body mounting said slide, supporting means for the body, means to rotatably mount said truing device on said slide to coact with either of said wheels, a pair of superposed formers on said slide one individual toeach of said wheels, a tracer structure on said support for engagement with said formers individually, spring means to maintain contact of the tracer structure with the adjacent former duringtransverse movement of the slide, screw means on the support and engaged with the body operable to adjust the position of the body, and screw means on the support and engaged with the tracer structure to adjust the position of the latter.

8. In combination with a grinding machine having a grinding wheel and an associated control wheel, a truing device for said wheels, a slide reciprocable transversely with respect to the periphery of said wheels, means to adjustably mount and position said truing device on said slide to coact with either of said wheels, means providing former surfaces on said slide one individual to each of said wheels, a tracer, means adjustably mounting the tracer in relatively fixed relation to the slide for engagement with said former surfaces individually, means to maintain following contact of the tracer with the adjacent former surface during movement of the slide, and rack and pinion means operable manually to impart movement to the slide when the tracer passes a steep angle on a former surface.

WILLIAM OGILVIE.

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