US2112288A - Scraper - Google Patents

Description

March 29, 1938. J, P, HElL i v SCRAPER Filed OOH 24, 1936 RNEY- ATTO Patented Mar. 29, 1938 UNITED STATES SCRAPER Julius P. Heil, Whiteiish Bay, Wis., assignor to The Heil Co., Milwaukee, Wis., a corporation of Wisconsin Application October 24,1936, Serial No. 107,380

9 Claims.

My present invention relates generally to improvements in the construction and operation of scrapers for grading and for transporting batches of dirt, and4 relates more particularly to improve- 5 ments in the details of v construction of dirt handling machines of the general type' forming the subject of Patent No. 2,095,759.

Generally defined, an object of my invention is to provide an improved scraper assembly which is adapted to eiiiciently handle`v dirt of various kinds under the severest conditions, without the use of excessive effort and without. danger of damaging the machine.

In the prior Patent No. 2,095,759, above referred to, there is shown a road scraper comprising a main dirt carrying bowl mounted for transportation along the ground and having a front cutter adapted to be lowered into'- the ,earth for scraping purposes, and front and rear, aprons swingably 20 suspended for cooperationv with the cutter and with the bowl bottom, respectively, for loading and unloading purposes. While this prior scraper operates most effectively whenhandling ordinary dirt, it has been foundrthat wetv clay and other sticky soil tends to adhere to the bowl bottom and obstructs rapid unloading of the contents by the rear apron. It has also been discovered that large rocks or other obstructions located in the path of the cutter, prevent the latter from being 30 elevated so as to permit simultaneous tight closure of the front apron in order to confine the load, without subjecting thelower edge of the front apron to severe shock` and possible damage. While these unusual conditions of operation are not of frequent occurrence, they may arise at any time and are not only annoying tothe operator butmay also cause loss of time due to necessary repairs.

It is therefore a more specic object of mypresent invention to provide improvements in the construction of the dirt conning apron or v aprons of Scrapers of the above describedtype, whereby these aprons will function most eiectively under all conditions of operation.

Another specific object of mypresent invention is the provision of an improved unloading apron assemblage* which is effectively cooperable with the bottomofthe load retaining bowl of a scraper, to V-rernove all deposits therefromv during the uniO loadingoperation.v

A n A'furtherispecific object oi' this invention is the l*provision of an improved loading or load confining apron assemblage which cooperates with the cutter of the scraper to permit effective connew/ment of the charge without danger of damaging the elements by intervening stones, stumps or other abnormal objects.

Still another specic object of the invention is to provide simple, compact and durable means for eiecting rapid and most eiiicient loading and un- 5 loading of a scraper type of dirtl carrying unit.v

These and other speciiic objects and advantages will be apparent from the following detailed description; and it is to be noted that some of the improved features of scraper assembly shown and `10 described but not claimed herein, form the sub- 'ject of the co-pending application herein-above referred to.

A clear conception of the improved details of construction constituting the present invention, l5 and of the mode of constructing and of operating Scrapers built in accordance with this improvement, may be had by referring tothe drawing accompanying and forming a part of this specification wherein like reference characters designate'r 20 the same or similar parts in the several views. l

Fig. 1 is a somewhat diagrammatic. central longitudinal vertical section through a scraper, showing the assemblage in load confining and transporting condition; and Y Fig. 2 is a similar view of the scraper assembly, showing the elements thereof in unloading condition. v

While the inventionis shown herein as being applied to a specic type of scraper assemblage, it is not the intent to thereby unnecessarilyre` strict the scope, since the novel details of construction may be more generally applicable. y

The scraper assembly shown in the drawing by way of illustration, comprises in general a main load receiving and confining bucket or bowl 5 supported to swing about'a rear axle Ii and having a front cutter 'I movable Atoward and away from the ground; a frame 8 normally .supported f to swing about a front `pivot or fulcrum 9 and hav 40 ing rearwardly extendinglaterally s lnacedvside.` Q

arms l0, the medial portionsof which are swing-3 ably attached to the forwardupper portionsof the side walls I I ofthe bowl Eby means ofalinedf: pivot pins I2; a front load conning `and k,cairyf 45 ing apron I3 swingably'suspended vfrom thej'pinsf I2 and movable towardyand awayV from the cut'te'r'fy 'I and having opposite side walls I4 slidably cof operable with the adjacent sidewalls 'II 'of the bowl 5; a rear load'conning `"pusher or Iapron 50 I5v swingably suspended 'from' thel opposite sifd/ walls H of the bowlfs'by means oraneapwot pins I6^and having its'lower end 'movable along and in close proximity t'o the'curvedbottom` Il`4| of the bowl 5; a plurality rif-hydraulicjacks` "I il, I9, 55

20 for independently actuating the bowl 5, apron I3 and apron I5 respectively; and rear and front wheels 2l, 22 for movably supporting the axle 6 and. the fulcrum 9 respectively.

The main bowl is preferably formed of heavy metal plates welded or otherwise rigidly united, and the bottom I1 is curved to substantially conform with an arc generated about the axis of the pins I6 which swingably support the rear apron I5. The apron I5 which is adapted to be swung back and forth between the parallel side walls II of the bowl 5 .by the hydraulic jack 20, has a scraper Viap 23 pivotally suspended from its lower end; and this flap 23 which maybe composed of one or more adjoining sections, spans the bowl 5 and is adapted to ride along the upper surface ofthe bowl bottom I1 whenever the apron I5 is moved. The bowl 5 is adapted to be raised or lowered by means of two similar and simultaneously operable hydraulic jacks I8, the cylinders of which are carried byrigid rearwardly extending iframev members 24 formed integral with the bowl 5, and themembers 24 are swingably associated with 4the-rear axle 6 and also support the rear apron actuating jack 20. As shown, the rear frame members 24 are rigidly attached to a sti'if` transverse `beam25 which interconnects the upper,` rear portions of the side walls II, and are also likewise attached tothe lower rear portion of theA bowl 5 near "the, rear end of the bottom I1.

' The piston rods of the jacks 'I8 arel attached to I8,I9,20 are controllable by means of valve and another cross-'beam'26which rigidly interconnects the rear upper ends" of the main frame arms III), and the beams 25, 25 are preferably disposed rearwardly of the top of vthe bowl 5 so as toavoid obstruction to loading of the bowl with a steaml'shovel or the like.4

v heffrontapronfIS and its side walls I4 are also formed of heavy metal plate, and -a lower edgev of thisiapron which coacts with the cutter 1,

v may be `provided with a pivotally suspended closurefflap 2,1 whichfjisvnorm'ally4k adapted to contact with 'the' cutter v1I as shown in Fig. 1. The ap2'ljis prevented fromf'swinging outwardly to a position beyond tangen'cywith the apron I3,

by as top 28, and this ap may likewise be formed of'one o rrmore adjoiningfsections and spans the apron I3`.` As vshown in dash lines in Fig. 2, the

kfront .apron flap 2]..may lswing inwardly of the apron.. I3 lafnd`.away,`fom,the stop 28 when the apron .I3 is lowered. andthe flap engages an obstruction which'l cannot be severed by this flap. The front apron` I3 may `be swung about its suspension .pins l2. by .thehydraulicjack I9 which .issupportedA uponthe .cross-beam 25. and coacts with theapron sidewalls Ilthrough linkage 29.

,During- A normal, operation of the improved scraper, the4 unit is being drawn along the ground byjatractorf-attached to thedrawbar associated with vfthe, front `fulcrurn y9,. andl the hydraulic jacks pump-.mechanisms .of -well knownl construction mountedyupon Y the,` tractor. near the drivers seat. The `jacks =I8, f I9, 20 .mayjbej independently and .selectivelya-actuatedy.=at .-the: will of the operator, andwhen the fsetof jacks l I 8l is: operated, the bowl 5-twillilbeiswung aboutthelrear axle 6 land the main frame 8 willfbe simultaneously swung about thefrontfulc'rum Svthus raising or lowering the pivotfpins-l2 andf causing -the cutter 1 to move up or'down.. relativey to the ground`. When .the cutter 'I vis lowered into the ground, the hydraulic jack I9-should bemanipulated tomove the front apron I3 upwardly away from the bowl 5 as shown in Fig.,2.i and thehydraulic jack 20 should-also be .rocks` and stumps.

'jacks I8 may be operated to elevate the cutter 1 away from the ground, and the jack I9 may be simultaneously operated to lower the front apron I3 to the position shown in Fig. 1, thereby causing the flap 21 to engage the upper portion of the cutter 1 and thus conining the load within the bowl 5 and within the apron I3. 'I'he confined load may then be transported over the ground and may be subsequently dumped or unloaded by manipulatingthe jacks I9 and 20 to raise the front apron I3 and to move the rear apron I 5 along the interior of the bowl 5. As the rear apron I5 moves along the interior of the bowl 5, the flap 23 at the lower end of this apron will advance along the bowl bottom I1 and will thus effectively remove all of the dirt from within the bowl. In this manner, the scraper may be quickly loaded and unloaded, and removal of all of the charge is assured by the flap 23.

If, during final loading of the scraper, the front apron I3 meets an obstruction such as a stone, stump or the like, the flap 21 may swing about its pivot and away from the stop 28, and will ride over the top of the obstruction. The apron I3 may thus be lowered to its extreme position, and as the cutter 1 is raised to a position above the obstruction, the flap 21 will be brought to sealing position by the charge confined within the scraper bowl 5 and within the front apron I3. It will therefore be apparent that the flap 21 associated with the front apron I3 permits tight closing of the load carrying elements, without subjecting the'apron I3 to undesirable stresses and possible breakage.

From the foregoing description it will beapparent that the present improvement comprising the flaps 23, 21, will permit effective use of the scraperl assemblage even when the soil is sticky and contains abnormal obstructions such .as The ap 23 associated with the rear apron I5 has been found extremely effective in removing wet clay and other sticky substances from within the bowl 5 during unloading of the scraper, and also prevents the charge from backing up into the space'at the rear of the apron l5. The flap 21 associated with the front apron I3 will. obviously function `to protect this apron against damage, and will also' maintain a thorough seal .between the apron I3 and the front of the bowl 5 when these elements have been Araised away from the ground. The flaps 23, 21

performjtheir function automatically, and besides being extremely simple in construction, these flaps may be readily replaced in case they become twisted 'or broken.

It should be understood that it is vnot desired to limit the present invention to the exact details of construction and to the -precise mode of use herein shown and described, for various modirectilineal flap pivotally suspended from the lower end of said apron and having a straight knife edge engageable only with said bottom during swinging of said apron.

2. In a scraper, a bowl having a laterally straight but longitudinally curved bottom and a cutter secured to the front of said bottom beneath the load supporting 'surface thereof, an apron swngable within said bowl toward and away from said cutter, and a rigid rectilineal ap pivotally suspended from said apron and having a straight knife edge constantly engaging said bottom in advance of said apron during movement of the latter toward said cutter.

3. In a scraper, a bowl having a front cutter, an apron movable relative to said cutter to confine a load within said bowl, a ap pivotally suspended from said apron and being freely swingable toward and away from said cutter, and a stop for said ap disposed externally of said 'apron and bowl.

4. In a scraper, a bowl having a front cutter, an apron pivotally suspended to swing toward and away from said cutter, al rigid flap pivotally suspended from the lower end of said apron to swing freely toward and away from the bottom of said bowl, and a vstop for said iiap disposed externally of said apron.

5. In a scraper, a bowl having a front scraper, a front dirt conning' apron pivotally suspended from said bowl to swing toward said cutter, and a rigid iiap pivotally suspended from the lower end oi' said apron and swingable toward and away from said cutter, said iiap being swingable only Within the connes of said apron and having a limit stop disposed externally of th/e apron.

6. In a scraper, a bowl having a cutter, a pair of aprons movable relative to said .bowl and cooperable with the latter to confine material therein, and a ap pivotally suspended from the lower portion of each of said aprons, both of said aps being swingable toward and away from said cutter and each other.

7. In a scraper, a bowl having a bottom and a cutter at the forward end thereof, a rear apron pivotally suspended from said bowl and movable therein toward and away from said cutter, said rear apron having a pivoted iiap at its lower end provided with a rectilineal knife edge engageable with said bottom, a front apron pivotally suspended from said bowl and movable toward and away from said cutter, and a pivoted flap associated with the lower end of said front apron and movable upwardly and downwardly with respect to said cutter, said front apron iiap having a limit stop disposed externally of said aprons and bowl.

8. In a scraper, a bowl having a laterally s straight bottom and a cutter at the forward end thereof, a rear apron movably suspended from said bowl to advance therein over said bottom toward and away from said cutter, a rigid ap pivotally suspended from the lower end of said rear apron and having a rectilineal knife edge engageable with said bottom during forward movement of said apron toward said cutter, a front load confining apron pivotally suspended from said bowl and swingable toward and away from said cutter, and a rigid ap pivotally suspended from the lower end of said front apron and being freely swingable upwardly and downwardly with respect to said cutter when said front apron is in` lowermost position, said front apron flap having a limit stop disposed externally of said aprons and bowl.

9. In a scraper, a bowl having spaced parallel flat side walls and a laterally rectilineal relatively wide bottom rigidly attached at its opposite sides to said walls, said bowl being constantly open at its rearend near said bottom, a cutter secured to the front of said bowl, a rear apron supported from said bowl and being movable toward said cutter between said side walls, means operable through the lower portion of said open bowl end and coacting -with the lower rear portion of said apron for moving the same, and a rigid flap pivotally suspended from the lowermost portion of Asaid apron and having a rectilineal scraping edge engageable only with said bottom during said movement of the apron.

JULrUs P. Een..

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