US2196490A - Stove with baffle - Google Patents

Description

April 1940- H. o. BERRY El AL 2,196 90 STOVE WITH BAFFLE Filed Jan. 10, 1939 2' Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR ATTOR EY P 1940- H. o; BERRY ET AL 2,196,490

STOVE WITH BAFFLE Filed Jan. 10, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR BY a g d 58% ATTORNEY u Na K 1 F m M r w l I 0 i m/ z u m a v 1 w M 6 Patented Apr. 9, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE STOVE WITH BAFFLE chusetts Application January 10, 1939, Serial No. 250,106

'7 Claims. 126-40 This invention relates to stoves.

This invention is more particularly concerned.

with stoves utilizing oil burners of one type or another, especially the type known as range oil burners which are well known in the art.

In certain forms of home-cooking stoves there is provided an oven which is heated by hot gases circulated thereabout. One particular type of stove is that in which range oil burners have been introduced in the firebox in place of a coal or wood fire. In this type there is over the firebox a stove top against which the heat from the burners impinges directly. Alongside of the firebox is the oven with fiues so arranged that is heat from the burners may travel laterally over the top of the oven, downwardly around the end and finally out through a flue to the chimney.

In the course of the operation of a stove of this type it is essential that there be fiues to permit the entrance of sufiicient air for proper combustion of the burner, and in the ordinary case the flues are of such size that more air enters the stove than is essential for proper combustion. As the hot gases rise from the burner they ordinarily carry-with them a considerable quantity of adjacent air which is at a much lower temperature, with the result that themixture of gases that pass about the oven is at a lower tem.

perature than would be the case if the cooler air surrounding the burners could be excluded.

One of the objects of the invention, therefore, is to provide a 'stove construction whereby, in a stove using range oil burners, the hot gases that ascend to impinge against the stove top and to subsequently pass about the oven will be of a higher than ordinary temperature.

Another object of the invention is to provide a stove construction that will be simple, cheap and easy to assemble, that will minimize the amount of cold air that may mix with the hot gaseous products of combustion.

Another object of the invention is to provide a stove construction having all of the foregoing attributes but which will not interfere with easy cleaning, adjustment or repair of the oil burners.

45 Another object of the invention is to provide means whereby the effective temperature of the gases from the burners may be controlled by varying the amount of cold air that may pass upwardly by the burners to mix with the heated products of combustion.

These and other objects of the invention will become apparent as the description of a preferred form of my invention proceeds with the aid of the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a stove broken away in part showing the burners and improved baflle construction;

Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line 2-2 of Fig. -l; I

Fig. 3 is a vertical fragmentary section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Referring to Fig. 1 which shows essential elements of the invention with the outer parts of the stove broken away, there is a stove casing 2 having a stove top 4, firebox 6, and oven 8.

In the firebox, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, are mounted in any convenient fashion the range oil burners I0 of which there may be one or more. In the ordinary case it is customary to use two burners as they provide sufficient heat for a stove of ordinary proportions. The oil supply connections are not shown as they constitute no part of this invention.

It will be noted that the oil burners are positioned directly under the stove top 4 and that there is a flue passage 12 which extends over the top of oven 8.

At some convenient position in the firebox are provided the necessary air entrance ports which may be positioned in a removable side door which will fill the door frame l4 indicated in Figs. 1 and 2. For convenience the door and the flues have not been shown. However, it is understood that means is provided for the admission of air to the firebox in order that combustion of the oil burners may be supported.

From the description thus far it will be apparent that, in the absence of restraining means, the air surrounding the burners will be drawn upwardly by the ascending hot gases from the burners to mix with those gases as they pass laterally through flue l2. This, of course, would reduce the average temperature of the gases, with the result that the oven temperature would be correspondingly lower.

By the invention, however, we contemplate controlling the amount of cold air which may mix with the hot gases, and this is done by the provision of a baille l6 which is shown in its relationship to the stove and the burners in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. The baffle comprises one or more members of metal or other material suitable for the purpose and which may take the forms illustrated; The baflies I6 have apertures therethrough somewhat larger than the diameter of the oil burners positioned therebelow. The baflles may be supported in any convenient manner, and in the case shown, the flanges l8, which ex end longitudinally of the baflles from the front to the been found in practice that good results are obtained when the distance between the outer circumference of the burner and the lower edge of the bame is about three-quarters of an inch.

In the construction shown, we have used a separate member in the form of a short truncated cone 26 having a radially extending flange 28 which rests on the edge of the hole through baflle l6.

Member 26 may have its vertical dimension as desired to vary the efl'ective space 30 between the lower edge and the burner l0. Furthermore, member 26 is removable so that the burner l0 may be readily removed through the larger hole of baiile l6 which is in-excess oi the diameter 01' the outer shell of the burner.

As indicated, the baflle itself may be readily removed for cleaning, by virtue of the construction shown in which flange l8 merely rests on supports and 24 and is not permanently secured thereto. However, if desired, the baflle l6 could be built in as an integral part of the stove with the members 26 remaining removable.

It is believed apparent that in the operation of a stove of the form shown the average temperature of the gas passing through the flue passage l2 will be considerably higher than would .be the case were baille l6 not utilized. The air necessary for the combustion of the oil burners enters the burner through the perforations in the burner shells so that combustion is substantially complete by the time the gases have passed from the burners. Therefore, the amount. of cold air passing upwardly outside the burners may be minimized as much as desired without affecting the efilciency of combustion. The result of this baiile construction is that the average temperature of the gases impinging on stove top 4 and passing through the flue passage I 2 will be increased, thus improving the efllciency and performance of the stove.

Because of the increased efficiency, the burners may be operated at a lower oil setting, or if operated at the same setting as heretofore, the heat available for cooking will be greater, with a corresponding saving in time.

By supplying a set of truncated cone members 26 of diflerent heights, the air passage may be varied to secure different results, depending on the performance desired. But regardless of the particular member 26 used, the ease with which oil burner l0 may be cleaned or adjusted will in no way be impaired as all of the members 26 will be readily removable.

While we have shown and described a preferred form of our invention, we wish it to be distinctly understood that we do not intend to be limited thereby, but only by the appended claims.

We claim:

1. A baflle for use in a stove of the type described comprising a metal member having as many openings therethrough as there may be burners in said stove, means on the edges of said baflle for engagement with suitable supporting means on said stove, said openings being larger than said burners, and a removable depending flange positioned in each opening, each said flange being in the form of a short tube-and having an annular rim at its upper portion for engagement with that part of said bame forming the circumference of said hole.

2. A stove of the class described having an oven and a cooking top, a passage about said oven, 9. firebox, a plurality of burners in said firebox, said firebox being connected with the passage about said oven, a plurality of baifle sections in said firebox of the same number as there are burners, said bames dividing the firebox into upper and lower parts and being positioned generally at the top of said burners, each of said baflle sections having an opening therethrough directly above each of said burners, the eflective area between said bame sections and burners being relatively small whereby the amount of low temperature air from the lower part of said firebox that may pass into the upper part of said firebox to mingle with products of combustion of said burner may be definitely limited, each ballle section adapted to be carried by suitable supports in said stove and adjacent ends of said baflle sections constructed to engage each other to form a relatively gas-tight joint.

3. A stove of the class described, having an oven and a cooking top, a passage about said oven, a firebox, a burner in said firebox, said firebox being connected withthe passage about said oven, a bathe in said firebox dividing the latter into upper and lower parts and positioned generally at the top of said burner but spaced there- 7 from, said baffle having an opening therethrough directly above said burner, said opening being sufficiently larger than said burner to permit easy access to and removability of the latter, said baffle having a removable depending circular flange positioned in said baffle opening, the lower edge of said flange being in close proximity to the circumference of said burner to form a relatively small effective area between said battle and burner whereby the amount of low temperature air from the lower part of said firebox that may pass into the upper part of said firebox to mingle with products of combustion of said burner may be definitely limited.

4. The construction as set forth in claim 3, in which the baffle comprises a generally horizontal metal member, supporting means for said baille on said stove and said oven, and said flange being in the form of a truncated cone.

5. A stove of the class described, having an oven and a cooking top, a passage about said oven, 2. firebox, a perforated shell type burner in said firebox, said firebox being connected with the passage about said oven, a baflle in said firebox divlding the latter into upper and lower parts and positioned generally at the top of said burner and spaced therefrom, said bafile having an opening therethrough directly above said burner, the minimum diameter of said opening being sufllciently larger than said burner to permit access to and removability of the latter, the edge of the baffie forming the circumferential boundary of said opening being in close proximity to the circumference of said burner to form a relatively small effective area between said baflie and burner whereby the amount of low temperature air from the lower part of said firebox that may pass into the upper part of said firebox to mingle with products of combustion of said burner may be definitely limited.

6. A stove of the class described, having an oven and a cooking top, a passage about said 5 oven, a firebox, a burner in said firebox, said firefrom; said baflie' having an opening therethrough directly above said burner and a flange depending therefrom, the interior. diameter of said flange being sufficiently larger than said burner to permit access to and removability of the latter, the

- lower edge of said flange being in close proximity to the circumference of said burner to form a ,and burner whereby the ature air from the lower part of said firebox that relatively small efiective area between said baflie amount of low temper- [may pass i'ntothe upper part of said firebox to mingle with products of combustion of said burner may be definitely limited.

'7. A battle for use in a stove of the type described and utilizing a perforated shell type burner, comprising a metal member having as many openings therethrough as there may be burners in said stove, the edges of said bafile adapted for engagement with suitable supportingmeans on said stove, each said opening being bounded by a flange depending from said bailie, each said flange being in the form of a short inverted conical-shaped tube having an internal diameter great enough to permit access to and removal therethrough of the burner thereunder without disturbing the position of said baflle.

HAROLD o. BERRY. rnnononn w. KAPPLER.

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