US2195027A - Combined baffle and heat conserver means - Google Patents

Description

March 26, 1940." v' G. FAULDS 2,195,027

COMBINED BAFFLE AND HEAT CON-SERVER MEANS Filed April 29. 1939 s Sheets-Sheet 1 WITNESSES:

j I I I I INVENTOR:

Q 6417191: f'aulda ATTORNEYS."

March 26, 1940. G. FAULDS v 2,195,027

COMBINED BAFFLE AND HEAT CONSERVER MEANS Filed April 29, 1939 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR: fizorye f'aulds,

A TTORNEYS.

March 26, 1940. G. FAULDS 2,195,027

COMBINED BAFFLE AND HEAT CONSERVER MEANS I Filed April 29, 1939 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 FIG. 17.

a r \IS A INVENTOR: fieorye Tani/d5,

ATTORNEYS.

Patented Mai-. 26, 1940 v UNITED STATES PATENT oFFicE COMBINED RAFFLE AND HEA'r'ooNsi'invpn I l MEANS g George Eaulds, PhiladelphimPa." V

Application April 29,1939, Serial No. 270,756

vs Claims. (01. 1 587)' This invention has reference to heating in.- 7

thermal units are concentrated and enter the flue before expanding their full effect with resultant waste, while the wall of the combustion chamber I is subjected to zonal burning and premature deterioration, whereas the general thermo-conductivity is only in part efiective.

The primary object of this invention is to-ob viate the noted undesirable features by provision 20 of an improved refractory and heat conserving means preferably; although not essentially, de-

vised for service in gas fired heaters whereby; the.

' flame is efiiciently distributed'within the combustion chamber confines in a manner more .conducive to well distributed usage of all the generated thermal units before they can attain the outlet or flue of said chamber..

Another object is to'provide a thoroughly emcient bafile and heat conserver means having a novel type of crown with differentiallyedisposable' series of annularly-overlapping baflles functional I to variably whorl the flow of heated air and.

flame about the upper region of the combustion chamber.

With the above recited and subsidiary objects, as'well as ancillary advantages, in-view this in vention consists in the constructive features, coin-v binations and arrangements of parts whereby the contemplated "objects are attained, as hereby the accompanying sheets of explanatory drawings, and more-particularly defined in the coneluding claims. I

In the drawings:

Fig. I is a broken vertical section through a gas-fired domestic heater embodying one practical form of the present invention.

Fig. II is a horizontal section'on'the plane designated IIII in the preceding'illustration.

Fig. III is a "similar section on the plane III-IIIof I, but drawnto a larger scale.

V FigIV is a perspective view showing two interengageablecomponents, includable in the combined bafile and heat conserver meanshof this invention.

inafter more fully disclosed; typically illustrated joining unit, I.

when the respective units 1 are assembled'to form Fig. V is a broken top plan view of the baflie and heat conserver crownias hereinafter more fully described. I Fig. VI is a fragmentarysectional view taken approximately on the plane VI--VI in Fig. V, I

with two reversely-pitched'bafile blades applied thereto, said section being drawn to a larger scale for purposes of clearness.

I Fig VII is aperspective view of an air-choke member, thepurpose of which will be hereinafter v fully disclosed.

Fig. VIII is a perspectiveIview of a juncturepiece later on clearlyexplained, I

IX is a fragmentary sectional view of a slightly modified formof the invention. is

Fig. X is a horizontalsection onthe plane -XXin Fig.1X. V v f Fig. XI is a fragmentary plan view of a different type of crownan'd blade arrangementusable with either form of the baffle and heat conserver shownIin-Figs. I andIX.

Fig. XII is a section, taken approximately on the plane XIIX[I in-Fig. XI; and,

Fig. XIII'is a perspective view of one, of th crown-blades hereinafter fully described. 5

7 Referring more indetail to the drawings and firstly to Figs. I-VII inclusive, a conventional form of heater structure is comprehensively designated I and preferably'comprising a standard type of gas control 2,:with a ring burner 3 in the a lower. part .of the combustion chamber-4, and a pilot 5; while 'the burner 3 includes an annular cupped refractory bafile support 6: all of said parts being in accordance with prevailing practice and merely referred to herein for the purv pose of better explaining the present improvemerits.- I In accordance with the instant invention instead of mounting a flaring type of refractorymaterial baffle in the cupped support 6, as herea tofore, use is made of an annular cast iron b aille preferably comprising corresponding sectoral units 1 which, when assembled, provide an inverted hollow frusto-conical structure 8'. Each. unit I, as best understood from Fig. IV, is of arcual transverse contour with an internal flange 9 .at the lower edge for seating in the cupped sup-port fi, and an upper flange or outer rim l0 around the top'edge, as Well as a rib or tongue I l along one of the-straight edges l2 with a .com-

plernental groove [3 in the'other straight edge l2, "for reception. of the tongue ll, of an ad- 'Ihus it will be apparent that the-structure 8 the respective tongues H and accommodate different radial locations of the grooves l3 will interengage and substantially close the joints formed by the abutting straight of each unit for coaction with an interengage able corresponding apertured tongue IS on the other side of an adjoining unit 1, so that when the said units 1 are brought into abutting relation a headed drop-pin may be inserted in the larger diameter registering apertures l8 of said lugs I5 and tongue l6, to hold them against dislodgment in use and from relative separation under expansion and contraction influences. A

suitable opening such as H! may be provided in,

Or cut-out from, one of the bafile units 1 to pilot 5, and associated igniter means not shown, relative to the axis of the ring burner 3, for fitment with an appropriate shield 20, in accordance 7 with known practice, to prevent draft throughthe baffie structure 8 from blowing-out againstrelative movement, as well as afi'ording substantial support for thecrown .22, and also tial flange portions 26 having spaced concentric ribs 21, 28, 29, for instance, with, intervening arcual slots 30, and axial aperture-forming central parts 3|. half portions 25 include an annularly arranged series of spaced holes 32 withcommunicating radially-directed outwardly-diminishing. grooves 33, the function whereof will later on set forth. Or, as shown in Figs. XI and XIIthe crown, 22 may embody a perimetric rib 29, radial slots 34, and annularly-arranged spaced arcual projec- }tions or lugs 35, in place of the inner ribs 21,

28, and intervening arcual slots 30 of Figs. V and VI.

In order to check the airdraft through the baffle structure 8, a concavo-convex truncate- ,shapedphoke device 36, having an axial opening 36 and a series of flow-distributing apertures 3! therethrough, maybe seated on the arcual flange i4; and fitting on the crown central part 3| is an appropriate waterback 38 having inlet and outlet service connections 39, 4!], respectively. j

Bafile devices or blades 4| 4|, are disposed around the crown 22 in edge-overlapping relation to induce rotary turbulence of the heated air and products of, combustion in the upper part of the chamber 4; and in order to augment efiective distribution, the respective annular series of such blades 4|, 4|, are preferably relatively reversed. In other Words, the outer ring of the bafileblades 4| may all be angularly pitched water-back 38, for domestic purposes.

In addition, the concave-convex to direct the rising heated air and flame upwards under rotary action for example, and the partially-overlapping inner series 4| reversely Pitched to deflect said heated air downwards under similar action whereby the aggregate amount of such heated air passing through and above the crown 22 is locally concentrated around the water-back 38 with increased thermal efliciency, While better circulation of hot water throughout the system served by the heater is attained as well as quicker heating of the p In order to vary the arrangement of'theseries of baflie blades, 4|; the former for example are inp dividually provided with a grooved arcual-section foot 42 adapted to fit on the outer crown-rib 29; while it is to be noted the inner ribs 21, 28

being of difierential curvature are radially reduced in width or thickness so that the foot section groove 43 will also engage. thereon. In practice the arcual curvature or sectoral dimension ofthe arcual, groove 43 is'proportioned to fit the rib 29, and also of such dimensions radially and ourvilinearly that when applied to the rib.2'|', the radial end edges thereof will impinge said latter rib, and when engaged on the intermediate rib 28 rest loosely thereon, in an obvious manner. In some instances, and preferably to better differentiate the bafiie blades 4|, 4|, the latter series may be formedwith solid foot pieces 44, Figs. VI and XIII having shouldered somewhat rectangular projections 45 arranged to engage in the arcual slots 3|], said projections being of appropriate cross-section crosswise or transversely to prevent pivotal movement, when inserted into the slots 36. On the other hand the' baffie blades 4| of Figs: XI and XII have their foot pieces 44 provided with rectangular or other shaped apertures 46 for coaction with the lugs 35 to likewise prevent pivotal movement thereof.

- Referring now to Figs. VIII-X inclusive it will be observed that the upper portion of the baiiie units I are provided with fish-tail projections 41 that define intervening recesses or openings-48 when the crown 22 is seated thereon; also that use is made of the inverted L- shaped juncture-pieces 24, instead of the spacer locks 2| hereinbefore referred to.

In operation of the baiile structure 8 of this invention, the annular flame ascending from the burner 3 vvill heat said structure "to a high degree of 'incandescence whereby the entrained upward flow of combustion supporting air within and without such structure will be rapidly raised in temperature and, by influence of the Choke device36, prevented from too free passage through the crown 22, with the result that the atmosphere in the lower portion of the combustion chamber 4 is thermally intensified and abetter circulation of water through the heater jacket 49 and back 38 attained. In addition the thermal effect of the burner flame will be annularly directed around the inner wall 58 of the Water jacket 49, from the lower region upwards, until it attains the outer and inner series .of arcual slots 30 through which the choked flow will partially pass to the bafile blades 4|, 4| for annular reverse whorling distribution within the combustion chamber 4 uppermost region, before discharge by way of the flue opening 5|. simultaneous with the action justdescribed the other portion of the heated air and flame will, under the up-draft action within the structure 8, be drawn radially inwards through [1 the arcual openings 28, or 48 below the: crown '12, and commingling with the intensely heated air passing out of the choke aperture 36 and flow-distributing apertures 31 becomethermally intensified before axial concentration by the-radial grooves 33 for passage out of the annular series of holes 32 against the water-back 38.

rterengaged sectoral units, each said unit embodying a tongue lengthwise of one radial edge,

and a complemental groove in the other radial edge, said tongue and groove serving when the units are assembled in edge abutting relation to close the joints thereat, means for detachably securing the units in assembled relation, a crown "for the truncate structure having a surrounding .Qflange with projections and intervening aper- -;-.:tures,and edge-overlapping baflie blades adapted for coaction with said projections to define reversely-pitched annular flow passages therethrough.

2. A combined baflle and heat conserver means comprising a hollow frusto-conioal structure of interengaged sectoral units each said unit embodying a 'basal flange and an impel-peripheral rim with a tongue 1 lengthwise of one straight edge and a complemental groove in the other straight edge, said tongues and grooves serving when the units are assembled in edge abutment v to close the joints thereat, means for detachably securing the units together, a crown for the .irusto-conical structure having a surrounding .ffiange embodying a peripheral rib and 'spacially related inner projections with intervening apery tures, and edge-overlapping bafile blades having :.ioot pieces adapted for coaction with the .rib, -;'projections and slots, to define reversely pitched annular flow passages'through and about the crown aforesaid.

3. Acombined ballieand heat conserver means comprising a hollow irusto-conical structure of 'interengaged sectoral units, each said unit embodying a basal flange and an upper peripheral rim with a tongue lengthwise of one straight edge and a complemental groove in the other straight edge, said tongues and grooves serving 3 when the units are assembled in edge abutment to close the joints thereat, spacer blocks adapted to seat over the top part of the structure joints deflnedby the abutting units, spaced apertured lugs and an apertured tongue inwardly of each unit arranged for mutual registrationwiththose of the adjoining units, a freely-fitting drop pin 'insertable in the apertures of the respectively registering lugs and tongues for detachably serelation, a crown for the frusto-conical structure having a surrounding flange embodying peripheral and inwardly spaced concentric projections with intervening apertures, and edge-overlapping baflle bladesembodying foot pieces adapted ,for coaction with th e peripheral and concentric projections to define reversely-pitched annular v flowpassages through and about the crown aforesaid; f

fcuring'the structure forming units in assembled 4. A combined bafile and heat conserver means as defined in claim 3 wherein each of the frustoconical structure units is formed with an in-- wardly directed basal flange and an outward rim at the top, each said unit being further characterized by an inner arcual flange intervening the top'and bottom, said flanges being located in a common plane when the frusto-conical structure'is assembled, and an inverted disked choke having acentralorifice with an annular series of spaced-'flow-distributing apertures seated onsaid common plane flanges. d

5. A combined baffle and heat conserver me'ans as defined in claim 3 wherein each frusto-conical structure unit is provided around the upper rim portion with spacedfish-tail projections defining intervening arcual recesses, and the spacer blocks are of inverted L-shaped formation.

6. A combined battle and heat conserver means as defined in claim 3 wherein the crown is made in complemental halves withfa surrounding flange embodying a peripheral rim and inner concentrically arranged. annularly spaced projections, radial slots intervening said flange and projections, and'baffle blades, having foot portions with suitable apertures for coactionwith the projections to prevent pivotal movement thereof. f

W7. A combined baflle and heat conserver as defined in claim 3 wherein some of the bafiies have foot portions with arcual grooves therein a for snug engagement around the crown peripheral rib and the concentric projections are. of

- relatively reduced radial'widthfor reception of correspondingly grooved bailles.

8. A combined bafile and heat conserver as defined in claim 3, characterized by inner baffles having foot pieces with relatively reduced lower end projections for seating in the crown flange apertures. i GEORGE FAULDS.

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