US2190431A - X-ray opaque sponge - Google Patents

Description

Patented Feb. 13, 1940 v X-RAY' OPAQUE SPONGE Edward F. Lewison, Chicago, Ill.

' N Drawing. Application June 2'7, 1938,

. Serial No. 216,071

3 Claims.

This invention relates to surgical paraphernalia and more particularly to a surgical sponge or gauze pad or the like.

I In the course of present day surgical practice 5 and procedure it occurs not infrequently that surgical sponges and pads made of gauze and the like are inadvertently left within the surgical in-.

cision. The hazards of this catastrophe are particularly increased when the operative procedure involves the abdominal cavity. The danger of such an accident is ever present and frequently results in the prolongation of the patients illness,

the necessity of. subsequent repeated reoperations in an effort to find and remove the inciting agent, and all to often even in the death of the patient. y

Inasmuch as the surgeons' undivided attention at the operating table must be concentrated upon the delicate problems before him, it is frequently very difficult, if not impossible, to keep in mind the exact number and site of the many surgicalsponges he must use. For this information he must relayupon the skill and accuracy of the- :sponge count as performed by .the remaining '25 members of the operating team.- Should the sponge count reveal the misplacement of. a sponge, the many valuable minutes lost in accounting for it before closing the incision may be just the difference between the life and death 30 of the patient. Also, in emergency operations where the surgeon Works under the tension and handicap of a limiting time factor, it may be necessary to cease all surgical procedure and. to close the incision before an accurate sponge count 35 may be made. The danger of a sponge or surgical gauze being left behind in such a case is always of paramount concern. Thus, although a careful count of all instruments and'surgical sponges should be made before and after each operation,

40 yet the human equation must always be considtion of their presence has been a relatively sim-' 50 ple matter. However, in the event that the foreign body is not radio paque, as is the case with surgical sponges and gauze pads, then the problem of. the post-operative diagnosis of such a foreign body still remains. When a group of 55 physical signs and symptoms point to the'presence of a foreign body within the surgical incision, it is always a matter of the gravest concern and speculation on the part of the surgeon as to whether he might have inadvertently lost a surgical sponge and just where in the wound he 5 might attempt to find it. By combining a radio paque material with an ordinarysurgical sponge or gauze pad, the presenceof such an injurious foreign body might be definitely deter mined and accurately localized by the use of 10 an X-ray machine. It is even a relatively simple andexpedient matter to have an X-ray film taken before the incision, is closed in those cases in which there maybe some question of doubt. Thus, in such a manner, the presence and posi- 15 tion of a surgical sponge within the operative incision may be clearly .defined and its removal undertaken with the least possible risk to the patient. a

In the preferred embodiment of my invention, 20 a glass thread which has incorporated in its vcomposition a material which is radio paque, is interwoven into the mesh of a surgical sponge or gauze pad or the like. A single strand of this thread may be used and it may be woven into any part of. the sponge. Also, a strand of this glass thread may be combined with a strand of the gauzethread and as such interwoven into the sponge. The glass thread is manufactured by a method commonly used in the glass industry and is preferably a potash-lead-silicate combination containing approximately 60% of lead oxide and 1% of antimony oxide. Althoughlead is preferred because of its low cost it'will be understood that any of the heavy metals may be used in place of lead as for example gold, mercury, thallium, bismuth and others. v

It is particularly desirable that a material used for such a purpose as herein described should be of itself unaffected by any reaction of the body tissues, and conversely, the body tissues must remain unaffected by the material itself. The glass thread previously described is admirably suited to just these conditions because it is a substamtially inert material and consequently it is nontoxic. Added to the above mentioned. qualities this thread is non-absorbable, nonirritating,

readily sterilized, in no wise hazardous to use as are chemicals, metal wire or rings, and under no circumstances can its radio paque shadow be con fused with anything else in the body cavity.

It will be understood that the proportions and the ingredients as 'disclosed in the proffered em-' bodiment are merely for the purpose of illustra-' therewith, said material comprising glass thread;

I ert and unaffected by sterilizing procedure.

2. In combination with a surgical gauze 10 sponge, a radio opaque material interwoven having a radio opaque substance incorporated therein. o

3. A surgical gauze sponge comprising an absorbent fabric and a glass thread interwoven therewith, said glass thread having a radio opaque substance combined therewith, said substance comprising a chemical element ofhigh atomic weight.

EDWARD F. LEWISON.- '10