US2181964A - Sulphurized lubricating oil - Google Patents

Description

Patented Dec. 5, 1939" UNITED STATES PATENT, OFFICE SULPHURIZED LUBRICATING OIL of Ohio No Drawing; Application November. 18, 1931, Serial No. 575,953

15 Claim.

This invention relates to an improved cutting oil and has for its object to provide an improved. oil of the character indicated for improving the operation of metal working and cutting machines and in various special fields of lubrication, as hereinafter defined. n It has been found necessary in the industries and arts where high speeds, high pressures, and/ or high temperatures prevail to provide special lubricants to meet the peculiar factors of friction and lubrication present. As an example of such a lubricating problem, it is the practice to employ so-called sulphurized cutting oils to lubricate cutting'operations in machine tools and in metal working manufacturers. In this case, the lubricant serves the dual purpose of lubricating the piece on which work is being conducted and the cutting tool for the purpose of conducting away the developed heat. A second example is found in certain types of grease, used to a large extent in the automobile industry, and which are known as hypoid" and herringbone gearing.

So-called sulphurized oils made by the addition of sulphur to mineral oil and/or fatty oils are well known in the art. In such an oil part of the sulphur enters into chemical combination with the mineral oil and/or fatty oil. An outstanding objection to this type of oil lies in the fact that it invariably contains some free or uncombined sulphur which has a detrimental effect on metal parts covered thereby and frequently results incorrosion and poor machining operations.

I have found that an unusually efficient lubricant to meet these conditions and to overcome the objections in the present type of cutting oil can be made by chemically combining sulphur with unsaturated polymerized hydrocarbons. These hydrocarbons result from treating gasoline and gas oil fractions made by cracking processes such as vapor phase cracking operations. Such treatment of cracked products is well known; examples of conventional methods to remove unsaturated polymerized hydrocarbons (known as polymers) from such cracked products are treatment with sulphuric acid, or treatment with a substance such as fullers earth. These unsaturated hydrocarbons readily combine with any free sulphur that may be present and eliminate in such oils the presence of free and uncombined sulphur. These sulpho-polymers are then blended with mineral oil and/or fatty oils, such as cotton seed oil, to meet the particular requirements of the various lubricating problems or conditions to which the oils are applied.

. ing tallow.

As an example of a cutting oil made in accordance with my formula, the following is given:

. Percent Unsaturated polymerized hydrocarbons 20 5 Sulphur 5 Mineral oil '70 Tallow 5 An oil made in accordance with the above formula provides for the obtaining of an ultimate cutting oil with a higher percentage of chemically combined sulphur than is found in any of the existing analogous oils. An example of an automotive or industrial gear lubricant is shown by the following formula: 15

Percent Unsaturated polymerized hydrocarbons 15 Sulphur i 3 Mineral oil 82 While these formulas are given for purposes of illustration, it should be understood that I do not limit myself to the exact percentages set forth, since it is readily possible by my process to obtain cutting oils or lubricants with a higher percentage of chemically combined sulphur than that shown by said tables. I reserve the right therefore to employ such variations or modifications of my invention as may be said to fall fairly within the scope of the following claims.

What is claimed is: 1. An improved lubricant composed mainly of a mineral oil and a minor proportion of sulphopolymers resulting from chemically combining sulphur and unsaturated polymers extracted from gasoline produced by cracking mineral oil.

2. Acutting oil including unsaturated polymers extracted from cracked gasoline chemically com drocarbons being chemically combined with sulphur.

5. A lubricant as set forth in claim 1 contain- 6. A lubricant composed mainly of a lubricating vehicle and a minor portion of unsaturated polymers extracted from cracked petroleum light distillates chemically combined with sulphur.

7. A sulphur base blending stock consisting of ment of cracked petroleum light distillates chemically combined with sulphur.

8. As a product of manufacture, an extremepressure lubricant comprising a minor proportion of a sulphurized polymer oil produced from a cracked petroleum 011 light distillate,- and a major proportion of a mineral oil lubricant.

9. As a product of manufacture, an extreme pressure lubricant comprising a minor proportion of a sulphurized polymer oil produced from a cracked petroleum light distillate, and a major proportion of a mineral oil lubricant, said extreme'pressure lubricant containing from 0.25 to 5% combined sulphur.

10. A lubricant composition applicable to surfaces subjected to extreme pressure conditions com sulpho-polymers resulting from the chemical combination of a minor quantity of sulphur and a major quantity 'of unsaturated polymers obtained from light distillate produce by cracking mineral oil.

11. Composition in accordance with claim 10 in which the light distillate is a gasoline fraction produced by vapor phase cracking of mineral oil. I

12. A lubricant composition applicable to surfaces subjected to extreme pressure conditions comprising a major quantity of mineral lubricating oil and a minor portion of sulpho-polymers formed by chemically combining sulphur with unsaturated polymerized hydrocarbons which result from the treating of light distillates made by cracking mineral oils.

13. Composition in accordance with claim 12 which contains 3% of sulphur and 15% of unsaturated polymerized hydrocarbons.

14. Composition in accordance with claim 12 which contains 5% of sulphur and 20% of unsaturated polymerized hydrocarbons.

15. Composition in accordance with claim 12 which contains fatty 011.

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