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US2175183A - Treatment of textile materials - Google Patents

Treatment of textile materials Download PDF

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Publication number
US2175183A
US2175183A US73974A US7397436A US2175183A US 2175183 A US2175183 A US 2175183A US 73974 A US73974 A US 73974A US 7397436 A US7397436 A US 7397436A US 2175183 A US2175183 A US 2175183A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
materials
acids
formaldehyde
textile materials
treatment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US73974A
Inventor
Dreyfus Henry
Finlayson Donald
Perry Richard Gilbert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Celanese Corp
Original Assignee
Celanese Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB2366335A external-priority patent/GB450620A/en
Application filed by Celanese Corp filed Critical Celanese Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2175183A publication Critical patent/US2175183A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/12Aldehydes; Ketones
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/39Aldehyde resins; Ketone resins; Polyacetals

Definitions

  • This invention is concerned with improvements in or relating to the treatment of textile materials and is more particularly concerned with improving the resistance of the materials to creasing or crushing.
  • the resistance of textile materials to creasing or crushing is improved by bringing formaldehyde or other aldehydes or substances yielding aldehydes to reaction in or on the textile materials in presence of substances which are characterised by containing a chain of at least eight carbon atoms and preferably twelve or more carbon atoms in length, and which are preferably acids, alcohols, esters, ketones, salts of acids or the like.
  • the substances employed are preferably stable to acidic conditions.
  • the salts of the acids are preferably neutral or acid salts, or at least are employed under neutral or acid conditions.
  • the invention includes reacting formaldehyde or its equivalents in or on the material in the presence of lauric, myristic, oleic, palmitic, stearic or ricinoleic acid, or the fatty acids from cocoanut oil; lauryl, cetyl, oleyl, stearyl, ceryl and myricyl alcohols; esters either of these acids with the lower or higher alcohols or with dior polyhydric alcohols, or .of the above alcohols with lower or higher saturated or unsaturated acids, "or dior poly-carboxylic acids, for instance the methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, or amyl esters of the above-mentioned acids, or of abietic acid or the glycol or glycerine esters or partial esters of the said acids, or cetyl or ceryl palmltates or Similaresters.
  • lauric myristic, oleic, palmitic, stearic or ricinoleic
  • the acids may be employed or applied to the materials in the form of their salts.
  • sulpho-ricinoleic acid may be employed in the form of Turkey red oil
  • oleic or similar fatty acids may be employed in the form of their salts with aliphatic amines including oxyalkylamines such as triethanolamine.
  • the reaction of the formaldehyde or equivalent body is preferably carried out under acidic conditions, for instance by adding hydrochloric acid to the solution of triethanolamine oleate or similar body which is to be applied.
  • Derivatives of any of the above bodies may likewise be applied in accordance with the present invention.
  • the ,acids, alcohols, esters or the like may be sulphonated or sulphated as, for example, in Turkey red oil, or in the products sold under the trade names of Brilliant Avirol or Igepon.
  • reaction may be assisted by means of cat- In Great Britain September 13,
  • alysts for example hydrochloric acid or other mineral acids, or lactic acid or other strong organic acids, which may be applied either separately from or together with the formaldehyde or equivalent, or preferably together with the other type of substance if this is not applied at the same time as the formaldehyde or equivalent,
  • the reagents may be applied in succession, and, after the application of each reagent, the material may be dried so as to cause the reagent to penetrate the fibre.
  • the material may be impregnated with the reagent under vacuum or with increased pressure. Subsequent release of pressure generally enables the fibre to take up excess mate-- rial deposited between the fibres.
  • the fabric may be centrifuged, or excess of reagent pressed off, and the fabric then subjected to considerable pressure so as to squeeze out any substantial excess above the amount which the fibres themselves are able to absorb.
  • Mechanical pressure for example by means of heavy calender rolls, is usually most effective.
  • the invention may be applied quite broadly to improving the resistance to creasing of all kinds of textile material in which the natural resistance is deficient.
  • the invention contemplates improving the resistance to creasing of natural cellulosic materials, for instance cotton and linen and regenerated cellulosic materials, for instance viscose, cuprammonium and nitrocellulose artificial silks, and also materials made of cellulose derivatives, for example cellulose acetate.
  • Low grade animal fibre materials may also have their properties improved by the present invention.
  • Cellulose derivative materials or partially saponified cellulose ester materials may be caused to absorb the reagents under swelling conditions.
  • a swelling agent may be applied to the materials before or during the application of the reagents.
  • a 40-48% (by volume) aqueous solution of acetone or of dioxane is very suitable in the case of acetone-soluble cellulose acetate or partially saponified cellulose acetate.
  • Such a solution may be applied to the material before impregnation with the anti-creasing reagents, or the reagents may be dissolved in the swelling solution. 7
  • aldehydes for example acetaldehyde or glyoxal or other mono-, dior poly-aldehydes, or substances yielding aldehydes, such as paraform, may be used.
  • Example 1 A viscose fabric is soaked in a solution containing 500 parts of 20% formaldehyde, 3 parts of concentrated hydrochloric acid and 10-15 parts of triethanolamine oleate, the parts being by volume. After soaking, the fabric is squeezed and dried at 50 C., and is finally heated for 5 minutes at 140 C.
  • Example 3 The process is carried out as in Example 2 but using a solution containing 500 parts of 20% formaldehyde and 10 parts of Turkey red oil.
  • Example 4 The fabric is soaked in a solution of 5% Brilliant Avirol in 20% formaldehyde with or without concentrated hydrochloric acid, squeezed, dried, and finally heated as before.
  • Example 5 A cellulose acetate fabricsaponified to a loss in weight of 5 to 20 or 25% is swollen in aqueous acetone (46.5% acetone by volume), and is thereafter treated according to any of the preceding examples.
  • Process for improving the resistance to creasing of textile materials which comprises incorporating in thematerials an aldehyde or a substance yielding an aldehyde, and an alkyl ester of a higher fatty acid selected from the group consisting of the methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl and amyl esters of an acid selected, from the group consisting of lauric, myristic, oleio, palmitic, stearic and ricinoleic acidsand heating the materials so treated to form a crease-resisting substance within the materials.
  • Process for improving the resistance to creasing of textile materials which comprises incorporating in the materials formaldehyde or a substance yielding formaldehyde, and an alkyl ester of a higher fatty acid selected from the group consisting of the methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl and amyI esters of an acid selected from the group consisting of lauric, myristlc, olelc, palmitic, stearic and ricinoleic acids and heating the materials so treated to form a crease-resisting substance within the materials.
  • DONALD FINLAYSON DONALD FINLAYSON. RICHARD GILBERT PERRY.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Description

Patented at. to, 1939 UNITED STATES ,isisi PATENT orrlcs and Richard Gilbert Perry,
Spondon, near Derby, England, assignors to Celanese Cornotation of America, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application April 11, 1936, Serial 2 Claims.
This invention is concerned with improvements in or relating to the treatment of textile materials and is more particularly concerned with improving the resistance of the materials to creasing or crushing.
According to the present invention, the resistance of textile materials to creasing or crushing is improved by bringing formaldehyde or other aldehydes or substances yielding aldehydes to reaction in or on the textile materials in presence of substances which are characterised by containing a chain of at least eight carbon atoms and preferably twelve or more carbon atoms in length, and which are preferably acids, alcohols, esters, ketones, salts of acids or the like. The substances employed are preferably stable to acidic conditions. Thus the salts of the acids are preferably neutral or acid salts, or at least are employed under neutral or acid conditions.
Thus the invention includes reacting formaldehyde or its equivalents in or on the material in the presence of lauric, myristic, oleic, palmitic, stearic or ricinoleic acid, or the fatty acids from cocoanut oil; lauryl, cetyl, oleyl, stearyl, ceryl and myricyl alcohols; esters either of these acids with the lower or higher alcohols or with dior polyhydric alcohols, or .of the above alcohols with lower or higher saturated or unsaturated acids, "or dior poly-carboxylic acids, for instance the methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, or amyl esters of the above-mentioned acids, or of abietic acid or the glycol or glycerine esters or partial esters of the said acids, or cetyl or ceryl palmltates or Similaresters.
As indicated, the acids may be employed or applied to the materials in the form of their salts. For example, sulpho-ricinoleic acid may be employed in the form of Turkey red oil, or oleic or similar fatty acids may be employed in the form of their salts with aliphatic amines including oxyalkylamines such as triethanolamine. Where such a salt is itself basic in reaction, the reaction of the formaldehyde or equivalent body is preferably carried out under acidic conditions, for instance by adding hydrochloric acid to the solution of triethanolamine oleate or similar body which is to be applied.
Derivatives of any of the above bodies may likewise be applied in accordance with the present invention. For instance, the ,acids, alcohols, esters or the like may be sulphonated or sulphated as, for example, in Turkey red oil, or in the products sold under the trade names of Brilliant Avirol or Igepon.
The reaction may be assisted by means of cat- In Great Britain September 13,
alysts, for example hydrochloric acid or other mineral acids, or lactic acid or other strong organic acids, which may be applied either separately from or together with the formaldehyde or equivalent, or preferably together with the other type of substance if this is not applied at the same time as the formaldehyde or equivalent,
It is desirable to incorporate the anti-creasing reagents in the textile fibre itself, and to avoid as far as possible their deposition between the fibres. The reagents may be applied in succession, and, after the application of each reagent, the material may be dried so as to cause the reagent to penetrate the fibre. Alternatively or in addition, the material may be impregnated with the reagent under vacuum or with increased pressure. Subsequent release of pressure generally enables the fibre to take up excess mate-- rial deposited between the fibres. Forinstance, after soaking a fabric in a solution or emulsion of the desired reagent, the fabric may be centrifuged, or excess of reagent pressed off, and the fabric then subjected to considerable pressure so as to squeeze out any substantial excess above the amount which the fibres themselves are able to absorb. Mechanical pressure, for example by means of heavy calender rolls, is usually most effective.
The invention may be applied quite broadly to improving the resistance to creasing of all kinds of textile material in which the natural resistance is deficient. In particular the invention contemplates improving the resistance to creasing of natural cellulosic materials, for instance cotton and linen and regenerated cellulosic materials, for instance viscose, cuprammonium and nitrocellulose artificial silks, and also materials made of cellulose derivatives, for example cellulose acetate. Low grade animal fibre materials may also have their properties improved by the present invention.
Cellulose derivative materials or partially saponified cellulose ester materialsmay be caused to absorb the reagents under swelling conditions. Thus, for example, a swelling agent may be applied to the materials before or during the application of the reagents. A 40-48% (by volume) aqueous solution of acetone or of dioxane is very suitable in the case of acetone-soluble cellulose acetate or partially saponified cellulose acetate. Such a solution may be applied to the material before impregnation with the anti-creasing reagents, or the reagents may be dissolved in the swelling solution. 7
While formaldehyde is preferable in the above processes, other aldehydes, for example acetaldehyde or glyoxal or other mono-, dior poly-aldehydes, or substances yielding aldehydes, such as paraform, may be used.
The following examples illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit it in any way:
Example 1 A viscose fabric is soaked in a solution containing 500 parts of 20% formaldehyde, 3 parts of concentrated hydrochloric acid and 10-15 parts of triethanolamine oleate, the parts being by volume. After soaking, the fabric is squeezed and dried at 50 C., and is finally heated for 5 minutes at 140 C.
Example 3 The process is carried out as in Example 2 but using a solution containing 500 parts of 20% formaldehyde and 10 parts of Turkey red oil.
Example 4 The fabric is soaked in a solution of 5% Brilliant Avirol in 20% formaldehyde with or without concentrated hydrochloric acid, squeezed, dried, and finally heated as before.
Example 5 Example 6 A cellulose acetate fabricsaponified to a loss in weight of 5 to 20 or 25% is swollen in aqueous acetone (46.5% acetone by volume), and is thereafter treated according to any of the preceding examples.
Having described our invention, what we desire to secure by Letters Patent is:
1. Process for improving the resistance to creasing of textile materials, which comprises incorporating in thematerials an aldehyde or a substance yielding an aldehyde, and an alkyl ester of a higher fatty acid selected from the group consisting of the methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl and amyl esters of an acid selected, from the group consisting of lauric, myristic, oleio, palmitic, stearic and ricinoleic acidsand heating the materials so treated to form a crease-resisting substance within the materials.
2. Process for improving the resistance to creasing of textile materials, which comprises incorporating in the materials formaldehyde or a substance yielding formaldehyde, and an alkyl ester of a higher fatty acid selected from the group consisting of the methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl and amyI esters of an acid selected from the group consisting of lauric, myristlc, olelc, palmitic, stearic and ricinoleic acids and heating the materials so treated to form a crease-resisting substance within the materials.
' HENRY DREYFUS.
DONALD FINLAYSON. RICHARD GILBERT PERRY.
US73974A 1935-01-21 1936-04-11 Treatment of textile materials Expired - Lifetime US2175183A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2366335A GB450620A (en) 1935-01-21 1935-01-21 Process for the improvement of textile materials
GB2175183X 1935-09-13

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2415564A (en) * 1942-05-19 1947-02-11 Rohm & Haas Impregnation of regenerated cellulose fibers
US2608494A (en) * 1948-08-28 1952-08-26 Walkden Makin & Co Ltd Treatment of textile fabrics for imparting antishrink properties thereto
US2679449A (en) * 1948-12-16 1954-05-25 American Viscose Corp Cellulosic textiles reacted with aldehydes in an azeotropic medium
US2890242A (en) * 1955-09-14 1959-06-09 Quaker Chemical Products Corp Amine modified acetals

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2415564A (en) * 1942-05-19 1947-02-11 Rohm & Haas Impregnation of regenerated cellulose fibers
US2608494A (en) * 1948-08-28 1952-08-26 Walkden Makin & Co Ltd Treatment of textile fabrics for imparting antishrink properties thereto
US2679449A (en) * 1948-12-16 1954-05-25 American Viscose Corp Cellulosic textiles reacted with aldehydes in an azeotropic medium
US2890242A (en) * 1955-09-14 1959-06-09 Quaker Chemical Products Corp Amine modified acetals

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR800241A (en) 1936-06-30

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