US2164065A - Copper chromium magnesium alloy - Google Patents
Copper chromium magnesium alloy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2164065A US2164065A US164033A US16403337A US2164065A US 2164065 A US2164065 A US 2164065A US 164033 A US164033 A US 164033A US 16403337 A US16403337 A US 16403337A US 2164065 A US2164065 A US 2164065A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- copper
- alloy
- magnesium
- chromium
- alloys
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 4
- XLLKUFRSCJFAHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Mg].[Cr] Chemical compound [Cu].[Mg].[Cr] XLLKUFRSCJFAHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 24
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000019589 hardness Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003483 aging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007528 sand casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000745 He alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GXDVEXJTVGRLNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cr].[Cu] Chemical compound [Cr].[Cu] GXDVEXJTVGRLNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWXLRKWPEIAGAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg].[Cu] Chemical compound [Mg].[Cu] OWXLRKWPEIAGAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002056 binary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000788 chromium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010120 permanent mold casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/222—Non-consumable electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
Definitions
- This invention relates to alloys, and more particularly to copper alloys of improved characteristics.
- An object of the invention is to produce an improved copper base alloy.
- Another object is to produce a copper magnesium alloy, which is highly susceptible to age hardening and work hardening.
- Another object is to provide an alloy of high hardness, coupled with improved electrical and thermal characteristics.
- the present invention comprises the combination of elements, methods of manufacture and the product thereof, brought out and exemplified in the disclosure hereinafter set forth, the scope of the invention being indicated in the appended claims.
- Figures 1 and 3 are graphs showing curves illustrating the improvement in the hardness and electrical conductivity of alloys of the present invention during age hardening.
- Figures 2 and 4 are graphs showing the effect of cold working on these alloys after age hardening.
- the invention relates to alloys of copper, magnesium and chromium. While these alloys may vary in their physical characteristics with the type of treatment received and the proportions of various ingredients, they will generally be characterized by high conductivity and hardness and by heat resistance.
- an alloy is made' containing copper, magnesiumand chromium in substantially the following proportions:
- a copper (Cl. 'l5-153) a pressed product or a pressed and sintered prod,-I
- the magnesium is preferably added also in the form of a hardener alloy.
- Magnesium will act, in addition to its function as an alloying ingredient, as a very strong deoxidizer and therefore with this new combination of copper magnesium chromium, it is possible to produce very sound castings.
- the heat treament may be carried out as follows:
- the alloy, in the form of a billet or a sand casting, or any other form, is raised in temperature to 700 degrees C. and preferably to a temperature in the order of 800-1000 degrees C.
- the alloy is then quenched from ⁇ this high temperature and subsequently aged at a temperature below r100 degrees C. and preferably in the range between 400 and 600 degrees C. This heat treatment results in considerable improvement in the hardness of the alloy.
- An example of an alloy of the present invention is one containing- Per cent Chromium 0.63 Magnesium 0.45 Copper Balance Per cent Chromium 0.42 Magnesium 0.90 Copper Balance Per cent Chromium 0.25 Magnesium 0,42 Copper Balance reached a hardness of 66 Rockwell B after aging. With 25% reduction by cold working a Rockwell B hardness of 81 was obtained and after 65% cold work the hardness was further increased to ⁇ 85 Rockwell B. At the same time the electrical conductivity was of that of pure copper.
- the alloys prepared as indicated above are well suited for the manufacture of any type of castings, such as sand castings, chill castings and permanent mold castings.
- the alloys are further well suited for such manufacturing processes as workingare'also highly resistant to abrasion.
- a hardened alloy composed of about 0.13% magnesium, 0.1-3% chromium and the balance substantiallly all copper, characterized by a combination of high hardness and high electrical and alloying constituents.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
Description
Patented June 27, 1939 UNITED fsTATEs PATENT OFFICE COPPER CHROMIUM MAGNESIUM ALLOY Application September 15, 1937, Serial No. 164,033
3 Claims.
This invention relates to alloys, and more particularly to copper alloys of improved characteristics.
An object of the invention is to produce an improved copper base alloy.
Another object is to produce a copper magnesium alloy, which is highly susceptible to age hardening and work hardening.
p Another object is to provide an alloy of high hardness, coupled with improved electrical and thermal characteristics.
Other objects of the invention will be apparent from the following description taken in connection with the appended claims.
5 The present invention comprises the combination of elements, methods of manufacture and the product thereof, brought out and exemplified in the disclosure hereinafter set forth, the scope of the invention being indicated in the appended claims.
In the drawing:
Figures 1 and 3 are graphs showing curves illustrating the improvement in the hardness and electrical conductivity of alloys of the present invention during age hardening.
Figures 2 and 4 are graphs showing the effect of cold working on these alloys after age hardening.
While a preferred embodiment of the invention is described herein, it is contemplated that considerable variation may 'be made in the method of procedure and the combination of elements without departing from the spirit of the invention.
a The invention relates to alloys of copper, magnesium and chromium. While these alloys may vary in their physical characteristics with the type of treatment received and the proportions of various ingredients, they will generally be characterized by high conductivity and hardness and by heat resistance.
According to the preferred method of carrying out our present invention, an alloy is made' containing copper, magnesiumand chromium in substantially the following proportions:
l5 Per cent Magnesium 0.1-3 Chromium 0.1-3 Copper Balance 50 It is possible, likewise, to improve the alloys consisting primarily of the alloy described above, but also containing small percentages of additional ingredients, such as silver, zinc, cadmium, calcium, lithium, silicon, titanium and beryllium.
55 In .carrying out the present invention, a copper (Cl. 'l5-153) a pressed product or a pressed and sintered prod,-I
uct or a melted product. In order to get the chromium completely in solution into the' copper, it is necessary to keep the melt at an elevated temperature for some time. The magnesium is preferably added also in the form of a hardener alloy.
Magnesium will act, in addition to its function as an alloying ingredient, as a very strong deoxidizer and therefore with this new combination of copper magnesium chromium, it is possible to produce very sound castings.
After the alloy has been prepared according to such alloying methodsA` as described above the heat treament may be carried out as follows: The alloy, in the form of a billet or a sand casting, or any other form, is raised in temperature to 700 degrees C. and preferably to a temperature in the order of 800-1000 degrees C. The alloy is then quenched from `this high temperature and subsequently aged at a temperature below r100 degrees C. and preferably in the range between 400 and 600 degrees C. This heat treatment results in considerable improvement in the hardness of the alloy.
An example of an alloy of the present invention is one containing- Per cent Chromium 0.63 Magnesium 0.45 Copper Balance Per cent Chromium 0.42 Magnesium 0.90 Copper Balance Per cent Chromium 0.25 Magnesium 0,42 Copper Balance reached a hardness of 66 Rockwell B after aging. With 25% reduction by cold working a Rockwell B hardness of 81 was obtained and after 65% cold work the hardness was further increased to `85 Rockwell B. At the same time the electrical conductivity was of that of pure copper.
The effect `of magnesium is very pronounced as far as its cold working is concerned, and with higher percentagesof magnesium, higher ultimate hardness will be reached. Thiscan not be accomplished with binary alloys containing only copper and chromium.
We have also found that these alloys are very well suited for treatments in which the various steps of heat hardening and work hardening are combined in various manners. For instance, the alloy may be quenched rst, then cold worked, then aged and again cold Worked. Another remarkable effect of the heat treatment is the great improvement 'in -the electrical conductivity.V With some alloy combinations Within the percentage range given above, conductivities rangingfrom 55.-.75% ofvthat of pure copper can'be easily obtained. The improvements in the conductivities of the first two example alloys are shown in Figures 1 and 3.
While it is possible to obtain 'o romy good combination of hardness andconductivity in binary copper chromium alloys, provided that high enough percentages ofv chromium are added, we have found .that by decreasing the chromium content and adding a larger percentage of magnesium, much f higher hardnesses are reached than can ever be obtained in binary combinations.
z 'I'he alloy, on account of these outstanding physical properties,.is well suited for use at comparatively high temperatures, since the hardness and electrical conductivity are maintained for indeiihite periods at the aging temperatures indicated.
The alloys prepared as indicated above are well suited for the manufacture of any type of castings, such as sand castings, chill castings and permanent mold castings. The alloys are further well suited for such manufacturing processes as workingare'also highly resistant to abrasion.
They have high fatigue limits and good spring properties and can therefore be used for current carrying or heat carrying springs. l
Another important use 'of these high strength alloys is in the manufacturing of cylinder heads, pistons and other parts of internal combustion engines, such as automobile engines, where high heat conductivity is needed.
While the present invention, as to its objects and advantages has been described herein as carried out in specific embodiments thereof,.it is not desired to be limited thereby, but it is intended to cover the invention broadly within the spirit'andscope of the appended claims.
What is claimed is:
1. An alloy containing 0.1-3% magnesium, 0.143% chromium, and the balance copper.
2. A hardened alloy composed of about 0.13% magnesium, 0.1-3% chromium and the balance substantiallly all copper, characterized by a combination of high hardness and high electrical and alloying constituents.
FRANZ R. HENSEL EARL I.v LARSEN.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US164033A US2164065A (en) | 1937-09-15 | 1937-09-15 | Copper chromium magnesium alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US164033A US2164065A (en) | 1937-09-15 | 1937-09-15 | Copper chromium magnesium alloy |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2164065A true US2164065A (en) | 1939-06-27 |
Family
ID=22592686
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US164033A Expired - Lifetime US2164065A (en) | 1937-09-15 | 1937-09-15 | Copper chromium magnesium alloy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2164065A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2564844A (en) * | 1948-05-06 | 1951-08-21 | Battelle Development Corp | Copper-iron-chromium alloy |
| US4337785A (en) * | 1974-12-23 | 1982-07-06 | Sumitomo Light Metal Industries, Ltd. | Method using copper-copper-alloy tube for water supply |
| DE102007015442A1 (en) | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-02 | Wieland-Werke Ag | Use of a corrosion-resistant copper alloy |
| US20140096877A1 (en) * | 2011-06-06 | 2014-04-10 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Copper alloy for electronic devices, method for producing copper alloy for electronic devices, copper alloy plastic working material for electronic devices, and component for electronic devices |
| US10458003B2 (en) | 2011-11-14 | 2019-10-29 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Copper alloy and copper alloy forming material |
-
1937
- 1937-09-15 US US164033A patent/US2164065A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2564844A (en) * | 1948-05-06 | 1951-08-21 | Battelle Development Corp | Copper-iron-chromium alloy |
| US4337785A (en) * | 1974-12-23 | 1982-07-06 | Sumitomo Light Metal Industries, Ltd. | Method using copper-copper-alloy tube for water supply |
| US4337793A (en) * | 1974-12-23 | 1982-07-06 | Sumitomo Light Metal Industries, Ltd. | Copper-alloy tube water supply |
| DE102007015442A1 (en) | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-02 | Wieland-Werke Ag | Use of a corrosion-resistant copper alloy |
| DE102007015442B4 (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2012-05-10 | Wieland-Werke Ag | Use of a corrosion-resistant copper alloy |
| US20140096877A1 (en) * | 2011-06-06 | 2014-04-10 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Copper alloy for electronic devices, method for producing copper alloy for electronic devices, copper alloy plastic working material for electronic devices, and component for electronic devices |
| US10458003B2 (en) | 2011-11-14 | 2019-10-29 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Copper alloy and copper alloy forming material |
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