US2151894A - Apparatus for sorting household rubbish - Google Patents

Description

March 28; 1939.

1 E. F. cAMBE ss'EDEs APPARATUS FOR SORTING HOUSEHOLD RUBBISH Filed NOV. 21, 1935 8 Sheets-Sheet l l! Illvvll IN VEN TOR.

J EfCafn besseales I March--28, 1939. J. E. F. cAMBEsEDEs r APPARATUS 1 0R SORTING HOUSEHOLD RUBB ISH Filed Nov. 21, 1935 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 8 Sheets-Sheet 3 March'28, 1939-] J. E. F. CAMBESSEDES APPARATUS FOR SORTING HOUSEHOLD RUBBISHx Filed Nov. 21, 1935 March 2s, 1939.- Fj MB E E 2,151,894

r APPARATUS FOR SORTVINGHOUSEHOLD RUBBISH Filed Nov. 2 1, 1955- 8 Sheets-Sheet 4- INVENTOR, JEF. 61 bessecies WM TTORNEYS.

J E;-F. CAMBESSEDES 7 2,151,894

APFARA'IU FOR SORTING HOUSEHOLD RUBBISH March 28, 1939.

Filed Nov. 21, 1955 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 p Q 9 u a 0 Ir. 70

INVENTOR.=

\ JEFCambesseJes March 28,1939. J. E. F. CAMBESSEDES I 9 APPARATUS FOR SORTING HOUSEHOLD RUBBISH Filed Nov. 21,1955 7 8 Sheets-Shegt 6 l \u I 15 v Y 1 24 TTORNEYS.

INVENTOR,

"Ira vMandi 1939! .1. E. F. CAMBESSEDES 2,151,894

' I APPARATUS FOR SORTING HOUSEHOLD RUBBISH Filed Nov. 21, 1935 s Sheets-Sheet 7 y INVENTOR,- I

. Cmbessgd'es ATTORNEYS.

March 28, 1939. J. E. F. CAMBESSEDES 2,151,394

APPARATUS FOR SORTING HOUSEHOLD RUBBISH 8 Sheets-Shqet 8 I J. E'.F.'Cambesseds Filed Nov. 21, 1935 INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS.

Patented Mar." 28, 1939 APPARATUS FOR soRTING nonsm'iotrr- RUBBISH f "Jean Etienne Flix Cambssda'laris, France;

a 7 Application November 21;

weasel-m1 No; 50,980

In France November 21, 1934 f sciaims. (01.209 12) This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for sortinghousehold' rubbish and has for its objectto provide a motor driven lorry remov- 7 ably' supporting various types of sortingfdevices whereby thatpart of the refusewhichis suitable for the production of fertilizer, fuel andlike materials'may be recovered andutilized'ior these purposes.-

- V the accompanying drawingsiin which several 10 approvedj'embodimentsloftheinvention are illustrated: j I

:Figure 1 isa diagrammatic longitudinal sectionalview partly paratus constructed in accordance withthe in- 15 vention. E H e Figure 2 is a diagrammatic transverse sectional view taken vertically in the plane of the shaft2l,

Figure 3 is'a fragmentary longitudinal sectional v 20 view through the apparatus'on'an enlarged scale illustrating one of the sorting devices. 3 fFigure 4 is a plan view partly in section of the device shown in Figure3. 1' 1 [Figure 5 is a fragmentary side elevationoi a 25 part of the apparatus illustrating the driving gear in detaiLg a. g 4 Figure 6 is a rear elevationof a sorting apparatus provided with a chargingiunnel, of somewhat modified constructionr a Figure'lis a plan view of the arrangement showninFig. 6.

Figure 8 is afdetail view of the charging funnel removed. j I

Figure 9 is a view similar to Figure'l showing a 35 modified construction of the entire sorting appa- .ratus; l

Figure 10 is an elongated detail'sectional view of one of the sorting devices disclosed in Figi'9. Figure llis a fragmentary plan view of the ar- 40 rangement shown in FigfilO.

Figure "11a is a 4 "mentshown ind' ig. 11; e "'Figure,l2 is a diagrammatic elevation partly broken away of '45 ventioni J o 7 Figures 13 ;and 1 4 are sectional and plan views of the sorting chain shown in Figure 12;

Figure -15-iSIfl fragmentary diagrammatic view of afurthermodiflcation ofithe sorting appa- 5 0 ratus,"and, .1 a a V in e Figure 16 is a detail of a further modification of thechainp- I I l designates a lorry, upon thechassis 2 of which is mounted a box 3 supported bylongitudinal 55 beams and channel cross members 5. The box broken away, of a sorting ap-.

detail edgeview of the arrangea'further modification of the'in- Y supporting members is providedwith partitions 6 movable about pivots 1 and slidable doors (not shown) in the'bottom 8. Upon ledges 91provided' as usual upon the top edges'of the b xar'e slidably mounted transverse I 0 which carry upright mem- 5 bers H of the frame of] thesorting'apparatus. The frame comprises in addition angle pieces l2-' and aluminium plates or linings i3. Betweenthe aluminium lining of the casing are mounted the various members of the sorting apparatus, whilst 10 the various membersof the driving gear, such as driving chains and toothed gears which transmit the motion are mounted between the aluminum plates 13 and outer covering plates l4,'whic h latter areheld in place by screws Hi. The driving -15 gear is therefore located in a space protected from dust whichmight be contained in the rubbish. The drive is connected with the gear box i6 and is transmitted bymembers l1, l8 I9, 20, 2|; the screiv'22 and the worm wheel 23 to a shaft 24,said shaft serving as the fulcrum for a large rear door 25'and for driving an elevator chain26. The elevator chain rests upon pinions 28 on the two shafts 24 and 21-and is provided with buckets-29.

At the bottomof a' passage 30 is arranged a 25 movable charging funnel 3l, provided at themlet with bars32 which prevent articles of anv ex- 'cessive size fromentering the apparatus. About four or fivebucketsare provided one behind the other upon the chain, theremainder of the chain 30 being free from buckets. By this arrangement, rubbish is supplied to the sortingapparatus from the upperportion 33 ofthe. passage 30 at intervals. The rubbish drops upon an endless band 34 which latter passes overa guide roller- 35 and a 35 magnet-roller 36 of known type. The magnet roller 36 may, in orderatoreduceits weight,;be,fitted with aluminium wire, instead of copper as usual.

31. designates extensionsof the magnet which extend under the bandiwhile 38 indicate plates 40 provided with fingers which are magnetised by the extensions 31. The fingers ofv these plates may pass through the wall of thelpassage and between the buckets to 'remove obstructions from them; a The endless band is preferably provided upon its ledges withbrass chains. A bar 39 pivotallymounted at '40 in the casing continuously equalises the thickness of the rubbish layer; underthe action of a springdl {Afchain mounted outside the inner casing transmits rotation 'ofthe' shaft "24 to the shaft of the magnet. and likewise to all the other shafts of the apparatus.

The matter deposited at 33 gradually advances,

smoothed by the bar 39, the fingers 38, attracting the larger pieces of iron. The intense magnetic action ceases as the band passes the end of the lower extension 31 and the iron then drops bands are connected transversely by tubes 46 and form a continuously moving conveyer passing around a guide roller 66 and a head roller 6|. The latter roller is provided between the bands 48, with aluminium with which engage the cross tubes 46. The discs 52 serve for moving the carded conv'eyer band,

and the points of the said carded band are so. high that they discharge the papers, rags, or line parings of vegetables which were picked up while bearing against the bar 46, out or being caught by the teeth fitted onIII, but shorter than those 01 6|. The same applies to theother picking members of the mechanism, while all very flat objects capable of being picked up by the very short cards 46 rise upon the conveyor band, ashes pass through the bands and drop upon a peragitates the sheet.

torated sheet 63 which is mounted in contact with another perforated sheet 64, and then slide down into a.compartment 66. Very tine ashes pass through both the sheets and :drop upon an imperforate fixed sheet 66 and then slide along that sheet into compartment 61. In order to avoid any. obstruction, the sheet 64 is associated with an eccentric shaft 66 which continuously At the exterior of the casing, the shaft 66 receives its movement together with the other parts of the bands .48, by means of chain wheels. Should obstacles, for instance, stones, become lodged in conveyor bands 46, a roller 66 provided with strong teeth removes them instantly; This roller is driven by the cross tubes 46.

At the moment when a fresh series of buckets 2! arrives near the passage 26, a striker 66 of the chain 26' striking against a lever 6| associated with a rod 62, rapidly opens the door 46. Objects such as pieces of broken porcelain, glass, stones, large cinders, bottles, apples, potatoes, carrots, pieces of bread and other objects which the carded bands fail to pick up,'then tall upon another pivoted bar 63. A roller 64 provided with long points arranged at large distances apart. grips the. apples, carrots and like soit objects and discharges them into a compartment 66 whilst leaving broken glass. The plate 56 oscillates in a manner similar to the plate 46 and almost at the same time, broken porcelain and stones drop into the compartment 66 into which large cinders which pass through the endless bands are dehyered. The roller 6| detaches by means of vits teeth 62. paper, rags and fine parings of vegetables. Opposite the roller 6| there is another roller 66 'provided with double hooks 61 arranged at suitabledistances apart and located opposite slots 62a milled on to the tips of teeth 62, so as to engage the matter carried thereby. These double hooks shown in Figs. 3 and 4 carry the matter up to a brush having long bristles 66 pivoted at 66 which retainsthe paper and allows rags which have been detached by the comb III to pass. 'They thus drop, in the direction of the arrow II into a passage 12 in the form of an arch in which moves another carded band which conveys the rags into a compartment I6.

' body should pass discs 52 iormed'with teeth .move upwardly along the free space of the.

' The roller 66 and the comb ID are mounted upon a shaft provided with a return spring IO-4, Fig. 5, so that they can yield backwards in case a. large between SI and 66.

Parings of vegetables are dropped vertically in the direction of the arrow I4 and are picked up by a band 16 mounted upon two driving rollers and provided with long and fine cards. Due

- toith'eir mass, the parings are carried by the bands I6 and are detached by a comb 16 whereupon they drop into a compartment 11. On the other hand, the waste papers the surface of which is hard and is not gripped by the hands, drops into the direction of an arrow I8 and are accumulated in a compartment I9. This action is assisted-by the suction nozzle 80 of a fan 8| (Fig. l) mounted upon the shaft 2 I. The suction nozzle 80 is continuously cleared of paper which might obstruct it, by a grid 62 actuated by the oscillating sheet 54. The discharge end 63 of the fan is utilised for .blowing from the iron pieces dropping from the magnet, any papers that might have been carried along, and causes them to drop in the direction of the arrow I4.

The casingis. provided with doors 64, Fig. 2, pivoted at 65 and adapted to be opened by means of a cable '66, and a pedal 61 associated with a footboard 66 so that operators stepping upon the iootboard can open the doors 64 and use both hands for throwing directly into the compartments any objects which grid 32 has retained.

In order to prevent the operators from attempting to push with their hands or by means of sticks rubbish such as bunches of flowers into the apparatus, the grid 32 is pivoted at 69 and fitted with two rollers 90 which allow the said grid to the drag-line casing, when the charging funnel 6| is closed by means of the gear SI-92. The charging funnel 3| is preferably provided with lateral enlargements as shown in Figs. 6 and'7.

Roller 66 and comb III are mounted on a frame Ill-4 and motion is given to the said roller 66 by means of two spur gears, not shown in the drawings. One of these spurgears is keyed on to the axle of roller 66, the other being keyed on the axle ID-I. The return spring 10-2 controls the distance between double hooks 61 and slots 52a.

Motion from axle 24 is given to the other parts of the apparatusby means of pinion 93, Fig. 5,.

chain 64, and chain wheel 65, the axle of which carrying another chain wheel 96 whereby the chain 61 transmits power to the pinion 96 driving the roller 5|. Two other pinions or chain wheels 66 and I04 are keyed on to the'axle of the said roller '5I. The wheel 9!, drives the chain wheel IIII by means of the chain I 66, and the said chain wheel IIII acts as driving member of the eccentric crank pin 56 which causes the connecting rod I02 to shake the perforated sheet 54, the said sheet 64 being hung on the same axle as roller 5| by the linkage I03.

The second chain wheel I04 drives the endless carded band I5 by means of the chain I05, a set 0! two sister wheels HIS-401, a'chain I08 and a chainwheel I09.

Another chain wheel I I0 gives motion to the roller 64 by use of the chain I II driving the chain wheel .II2. Bearings numbered from Hi! to I3I bear the shafts of the chain wheels hitherto mentioned.

moving, byithe; gates- 39,; which isjpivoted at: 40- and 'f opened again; by the, return spring: 4].. Convene ient' return. spring and bearings; are provided for I the over'said timing mechanisms, 1 I

,n is understood; thatzthe' described'sortingmechanism could be advantageously disposed in,

I the transverse directionv of the lorry instead of longitudinally, V An. alternative .wayof carrying out the invention wouldbe-to arrange the-whole sorting mechanism stationary instead; of mounting: same, on,

the body of collecting lorry. s

In the form illustrated. in Fig; 9, the rubbish is conveyed up to. -I 26 bysuitable, conveying means 7 ;and iron pieces are delivered atZIZ- I, as described in Fig. 1. 'The rubbish is there thrownrupona -,movable grid I128 composed of parallel members allowing the thinor medium size, products to pass 1 through and: to, fall down a perforated sheet I29.

I Ashes or dust passthrough I29, and are collected;

30 1 v I I35 discharge the impaled objects when the as they pass around the chain I jthe grid I28 are collected'in I32 together with the wobjects which have not been picked up by the pointedmemberslfl. I

These members I3I arefltted inside U shaped pieces I33 which are regularlyspaced upon a chain I34 in such manner that the slotted'plates plates I35-are'tilted wheel I36, FigslO. I

At. this time the rags are cai i ght by the hooks I31 fastened on' chains I38 mountedfon rollers I38? pivoted in the brackets, I40.

Bracketsilll are 'connectedby bars HI and are I rubbish to be sorted is supplied, sorting means "retained in position by means of springs I42; Brushesiflland I44'are intended for discharge ing papers and rags, respectively in the transverse channels Sand I46. Transverse chains I41 and I48 then'drive-papers and rags intocompartments In the modification il-lustratedin Flg's; 121'to 1'4,

' there isshown a simplifiedapronactuated by the wheel of a vehicle. The pointed members I5Iare fdirectly'fltted on platesas I52, which are-themselves secured on the chains'153 by their short ucts picked up'by the members.

These plates-are integral with the chain I53 surface I12. pivoted'at I13. At the same time hard objects are discharged from the buckets in the casing I14 upon the perforated sheet I15. The dog-clutch I16, when connected with the engine drivegives motion to the chain by-suitable and knownmeans I e The cam II'I passing through a slot in the perforated sheet I15, shakes the lattervigorously'. I Stones are deposited at I18, and ashes at I14.

In order, to discharge the products, the body is tilted and the rear door turns around the axle I19 which causes the vdriveto be disconnected at 30., Materialcontained in the casing I114 is then .-removed. The door I is then opened and allows thestones. tocbe thrown out.. The roller axle. I82

isv then, actuated by means of a handle giving pulley I83; The, surface I12 is thus lowered and soft material thrown out. 1 4 H I V Chains of various type fitted with pointed members can be employed combined with orwithout buckets. V i

Fig. 16' shows a'chain combined with a continuous conveyor band I84 which drives the members I85 of another chain moving on two rollers I86, which rollers I 86 are pivoted on the crankshaft Having now particularly described and ascerbucket'sin, such a position that they retain their e load up to 'the;tilting point. At the top, a comb III is arranged which discharges rags upon the.

tained the nature of my said invention and in "declare that what I claim is:

1. man apparatus for sorting household rubbish, a' plurality of receptacles for receiving sorted materials, a moving endless conveyor to which what manner the same is to be: performed, I

of said receptacles when said object moves out of the field of said magnetic means, said sorting means including an endless band'having pointed membersthereon for carrying waste paper, rags,

d A.slutted fiiit @ows a platFprovidedgjegetable parings and like material, means for directinglarger material deposited on said band into one of said receptacles, and a second hand having pointed membersifor receiving material and I54 is a device adapted tmcrushthEsfoftJB HE110m the first mentioned ba d- I being thrown in thecasing I58;

f articles which fall'in the casing I55.

" Ashes fall at 156, the largest materialrsuch as stones. and unbumt coal at I 51, and the remainder When tilting the cart, ldoors; 159, IIiILand s are successively released and opened.

' A grid I6 2 retains thefbulky'products.

Fig. 15 showsarr apparatus in which ashes and the two members I63 of the oscillating gridpivotedat I64and actuated-bwthef cam I65. Soft ,-1.matter-ls caught by pointed'memberssecured. both o'n'plates as I 66 andi'onto'the upper face oi'buckets I61" which area part of a chain I68.

.JBuckets I611 are fixed on the chain I68-by only one axle IiS at evermer link allowing them-to be easily pushed inwardly after tilting, when Y following the large radius of ethe member I'IIL Other devices, not shown direct the buckets, downwards in order to 'collect ashes and stones.

Angie pieces of rails areprcvided'to keep the 2; In an' apparatiis for sorting household rubbish, av plurality of receptaclesjor receiving sorted materials, a moving endless conveyor to which rubbish to; besorted is supplied, sorting means arranged to receive material falling, by gravity "from said conveyor and adapted to direct the sorted materials-into gertain of said receptacles, magnetic means associated with said conveyor f n hard products are p 'n gm g figior attracting metallic objectsand p reventing "passagethereof to' the sorting means, and means for directing said metallic objects into another [of said receptacles when said object moves out ear means including an endless band having pointed members thereon for carrying waste paper, rags, vegetable parings and like material, means for directing larger material deposited on said band into one of said receptacles, a second band havingipointed members for receiving material falling from the first mentioned band, and means interposed between said'bands for receivingand sorting ashes, stones and like material.

4. Inan apparatus for sorting household rubbish, a plurality ofreceptacles for receiving sorted materials, a moving endless conveyor to which rubbish to be sorted is supplied, sorting means arrangedto receive material falling by gravity from said conveyor and adapted to direct the sorted materials into certain of said receptacles,

magnetic means associated with said conveyor for attracting metallic objects and preventing passage thereof to the sorting means, and means for directingsaid metallic objects into another of said receptacles when said object moves out of the field of said magnetic means, said sorting means including an endless band having-pointed members thereon, oscillating bars receiving material from said band and adapted to discharge sorted material into said receptacles.

5. In-anapparatus for sorting household rub .bish, a plurality of receptacles for receiving sorted materials, a moving endless conveyor to which rubbish to be sorted is supplied, sorting means arranged to receive material falling by gravity from said conveyor and adapted .to direct the sorted materials into certain of said receptacles, magnetic means associated ,with said conveyor for attracting metallic objects and preventing passage thereof to the sorting means, and means for directing said metallic objects into another of said receptacles when said object moves out of the field of said magnetic means, said sorting means including a plurality of endless bandsarranged side by side below said conveyor, the several bands being spaced from and provided with pointed members adapted to carry along'there- I with the smaller sizes of material, and a series of rotating teeth adapted to move through the planes of the spaces betwen said bands to disengage material carried by said pointed members.

6. In an apparatus for sorting household rubbish, a plurality of receptacles for receiving sorted materials, a moving endless conveyor to which rubbish to be sorted is supplied, sorting means arranged to receive material falling by gravity from said conveyor and adapted to direct the sorted materials into certain of said receptacles, magnetic means associated with said conveyor for attracting metallic objects and preventing passage thereof to the sorting means, and means for directing said metallic objects into another of said receptacles when said object moves out of the field of said magnetic means, said sorting means including a band provided with pointed members adapted to carry along material of relatively small size, means for retaining material of larger size accumulating on said band, means for periodically actuating the retaining means to permit the accumulated material to fall by I gravity, and additional sorting means for sortfromsaid conveyor and adapted to direct the sorted materials into certain of said receptacles, magnetic means associated with said conveyor for attracting metallic objects and preventing arranged to receive material falling by gravity 1 passage thereof to the sorting means, and means 3 for directing said metallic objects into another of said receptacles when said object moves out of the field of said magnetic means, said sorting means: including a plurality of endless bands arranged side by side below said conveyor, the several bands being spaced apart and provided with pointed members adapted to carry along therewith smaller sizes of ,material, and a series of rotating teeth adapted to move through the planes of thespaces between said bands to disengage material carried by said pointed members, a pivoted brush coacting with said teeth for removing paper material therefrom, and a comblike member coacting with said teeth and angularly displaced with respect to said brush for removing rag material from said teeth.

8. In an apparatus for sorting household rubbish, a plurality of receptacles for receiving sorted materials, a moving endless conveyor to whicn rubbish to be sorted is supplied, sorting means arranged to receive material falling by gravity from said conveyor and adapted to direct the sorted materials into certain of said receptacles, magnetic means associated :with said conveyor for attracting metallic objects and preventing passage thereof to the sorting means, and means for directing said metallic objects into another of said receptacles when said object moves out of the field of said magnetic means, said sorting means including an endless conveyor band, rotatable supportsfor said band, plates fixed at certain of their edges to points spaced along sari.

,band, the plates carried by the portions of the band intermediate the supporting means being disposed in overlapping relation and adapted, during the movementof the band about said supporting means to be tilted outwardly, pointed members carried by said band and adapted tocarry material deposited thereon, said plates having slots therein receiving said pointed members to strip material from said pointed members.

9. In an apparatus for sorting household rubbish, a plurality of receptacles for receiving sorted materials, a moving endless conveyor to which rubbish to be sorted is supplied, sorting means arranged to receive material falling by gravity from said conveyor and adapted to direct the sorted materials into certain of said receptacles, magnetic means associated with said conveyor for attracting metallic objects and preventing passage thereof to the sorting means, and means for directing said metallic objects into another of said receptacles when said object moves out of the field of said magnetic means, said sorting means including an endless conveyor band, rotatable supports for. said band, plates fixed at certain of their edges to points spaced along said band, the plates carried by the portions of the band intermediate the supporting means he- ,and adapted, when said plates move outwardly,

ing' disposed in overlapping relation and adapted,

during the movement of the band about said sup porting means to be tilted outwardly, pointed members carried byvsaid band and adapted to carry material deposited thereon, said plates having slots therein' receiving said pointed members and adapted, when said plates move outwardly, to strip material from said pointed members, and an additional endless band and teeth carried by said band cooperating with the plates I of. the first mentioned band.

JEAN ETIENNE FELIX cAMBEssEDEs.

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