US2033814A - Composite metal article - Google Patents

Description

March 10, 1936. w. BROWN COMPOSITE METAL ARTICLE Filed May 27, 1929 INVENTOR ATTORNEYS an... Mar. 16, i936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,033,814 COMPOSITE METAL ARTICLE Walter Brown, Toledo, Ohio Application May 27, 1929, Serial No. 366,468

13 Claims. (oi. est-.461)

The invention relates to the manufacture of composite metal articles composed of two different metals or alloys integrally and continuously bonded together. More particularly the invention relates to certain articles of manufacture requiring different properties in different portions thereof, thus making the use of two'dlfferent alloys desirable for the manufacture of the same. For example, a valve seat bushing for oil wells can be constructed in accordance with The .inner alloy must be integrally bonded to the outer tube and it is therefore preferable to utilize the process outlined in my co-pending epplication (Patent No. 1,923,075) filed on even date herewith. This process briefly described consists in placing the desired amount of the solid alloy within a tube of steel or other tough alloy and after closing the ends thereof subjecting the same to a temperature sumcient to melt the alloy but not the outer tube; The tube is then rotated at a speed such that the molten alloy forms a pool at the bottom. of the tube and washes the sides of the tube removing. foreign matter therefrom which might otherwise interfere with the formation of a proper bond. After sufficient washing action the tube'is cooled down while the rotation continues until finally the alloy congeals and forms a solid ring uniformly spaced from the axis of rotation and integrally and continuously bonded to the outer metal. The alloy is thus centrifugally cast to the inner surface of the outer tube. With certain metals and alloys it is desirable to increase the speed of rotation after the initial washing action so that the metal is evenly distributed around the tube at the time when solidification occurs.

In the drawing,

Figure 1 is an axial section through an ollwell,

bushing;

Figure 2 is a cross section thereof. I he oil well bushing comprises an outer ring III formed of steel or other tough alloy having an annular rib H on the periphery thereof. Integrally and continuously joined thereto is the inner ring i2 formed of a hard, wear-resisting alloy preferably comprising chromium and a metal of the class consisting of cobalt and nickel. The inner ring is of uniform diameter and has the beveled edge I3 at one or both ends thereof 5 forming the seat for the valve.

Another composition for the inner ring is as follows:

' Approximate percentage Cobalt 50 10 Chromium 32 Tungsten 16 "Molybdenum 2 The above alloys have a fusing point of approximately 2350 to 2400 degrees F., whereas the m melting point of ordinary steel is approximate] 2800 degrees F. or above.

My invention also contemplates articles other than the oil well bushing above described. Thus, there are many-other devices wherein an outer tube of a relatively tough alloy may be advantageously associated with an integrally bonded inner lining of a metal or alloy having a relatively high fusing point. Another example of my 25 invention is a steel or other alloy tube having an inner lining of bronze. A tube of this character may be used for bearings and is superior to an all bronze bearing bushing because the'latter has a different coefficient of expansion than the steel, 30 whereas in my improved bushing the coefficient of expansion is substantially the same as steel because the steel constitutes the major part of the article. In carrying out my invention it is essential that the high fusing inner. metal be 35 integrally and continuously bonded to the outer material. By this it is meant that the lining has characteristics resulting from the fact that it has been solidified from the molten condition simultaneously over the entire surface. In view 40 of the fact that the melting temperature of the inner alloy is relatively high, extreme care must be exercised to prevent such oxidation of the metal as would prevent the formation of the proper bond. One process adapted for the i'nanu- 45 facture of the articles herein described and claimed is set forth in my Patent No. 1,923,075.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. A valve seat bushing comprising an outer tube of steel and a centrifugally cast inner tube 50 integrally and continuously bonded thereto composed of a hard.- wear-resisting non-ferrous alloy containing chromium and a metal of the class consisting of cobalt and nickel. u

3. A valve. seat bushing comprising an outen metallic ring having an annular rib extending radially outward from the periphery thereof and a centrifugally cast inner lining integrally and continuously bonded thereto having approximately the following composition:

Per cent Cobalt 50 Chromium 32 Iungsten 16 Molybdenum I 2 4. As an article of manufacture, an outer metallic tube,.an inner metallic lining integrally and continuously bonded thereto, the inner lining comprising a metal having a melting point over 1000 F. and the outer member being a preformed tube of a metal having a melting point substantially higher than the melting point of the inner lining.

5. As an article of manufacture, a preformed outer tube and a centrifugally cast metallic inner lining continuously bonded thereto, said lining being of a metal having a melting point above 1000 F. and said outer tube being of a metal having a melting point substantially above the melting point of said inner metal. v

6. A valve seat bushing comprising an outer steel tube and a centrifugally cast inner tube integrally and continuously bonded thereto composed ofa non-ferrous alloy containing chromium, tungsten and a metal of the class consisting of cobalt and nickel, said steel tube having an annular rib extending radially outward from the outer surface thereof and said inner tube having a bevel edge forming a valve seat.

'7. As an article of manufacture, a preformed outer tube and a centrifugally cast metallic inner lining, said lining being of a metal having a melting point above 1000 F. and having ametallic structure characteristic of centrifugal'ly cast metal, said outer tube being of a metal having a melting point substantially above the melting point of said inner metal, said inner metal being 9. As an article of manufacture, a preformed outer tube and a centrifually cast metallic inner lining continuously bonded thereto, said lining being of a hard wear-resisting metal having a melting point above 1000' F. and said outer tube being of steel having a. melting point substantially above the melting point of said inner metal.

10. As an article of manufacture, a preformed outer steel tube and a centrifugally cast bronze inner lining continuously bonded thereto, said bronze lining having a melting point above 1000 F. and said steel outer tube having a melting point substantially above the melting point of said bronze lining.

11. As an article of manufacture, a preformed metallic tube, a centrifugally cast metallic layer integrally and continuously bonded thereto, the centrifugally cast metallic layer having a melting point above 1000 F. and the preformed metallic tube having a melting point substantially above the melting point of said centrifugally cast metallic layer.

12. As an article of manufacture, a preformed metallic tube, a centrifugally cast metallic layer integrally and continuously bonded thereto, the centrifugally cast metallic layer being of a. hard wear-resisting metal having a melting point above 1000 F. and said preformed tube being of steel having a melting point substantially above the melting point of said hard wear-resisting metal.

13. As an article of manufacture, a preformed metallic tube, a centrifugally cast metallic layer integrally and continuously bonded thereto, the centrifugally cast layer being of bronze having a melting point above 1000 F. and said preformed tube being of steel having a. melting point substantially above the melting point of said bronze.

' WALTER BROWN-

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