US2033087A - Calculating machine - Google Patents

Description

' March 3, 1936. H. T. AVERY 2,033,087

QALCULATING MACHINE Filed Sept. 1, 1931 IE IE .4;

\ r NVE OR Harv/d [five/y ATTORNEY Patented Mar. 3, 1936 CALCULATING MACHINE Harold T. Avery, Oakland, Calif., assignor to Mai-chant Calculating Machine Company, a corporation of California I Application September 1, 1931, Serial No. 560,580

7 Claims. (01. 235-131) The present invention relates to calculating machines and particularly to the type in which a selected number of increments may be transmitted to a numeral wheel at a high speed of operation wherein suitable means are provided for positively limiting the movement of the numeral wheel to the selected number of, increments and preventing overthrow thereof. The invention is disclosed as embodied in a machine of the typeshown in the patent to Friden No. 1,643,710, dated September 27, 1927, to which reference is hereby made for a disclosure of mechanisms not specifically described herein.

It is an object of the invention to provide an improved mechanism for preventing overthrow of the numeral wheels upon movement thereof by any of a plurality of operating mechanisms.

Another object of the invention is 'to provide means whereby the numeral wheels are released foriree rotation during a digitation operation, and are positively locked at the end thereof to prevent overthrow.

Another object of the invention is the provision of means for preventing overthrow of the numeral wheels, said means being controlled by the actuating mechanism.

Another object of the inventionis the provision of overthrow preventing means having a' plurality of operating positions.

Another object of the invention is the provision of overthrow preventing means which are positive in their operation and which reduce noise of the machine to a minimum.

Another object of the invention is the provision of overthrow preventing means having a plurality of' controlling means which are controlled by the actuating mechanism.

Another object of the invention is the provision of overthrow preventing means permitting of a high speed of operation-with a minimum of noise incident thereto.

Other objects will appear as the description progresses.

The present invention is shown as embodied in a calculating machine of the type disclosed in -the patent to Friden No. 1,643,710 dated September 27, 1927, and is an improvement on the structure shown in the patent to Friden No. 1,454,- 275 dated May v8, 1923. The invention contemplates a locking of the numeral wheels at all times when an operation involving movement of the same is not in progress, and a complete release of the numeral wheels during operation thereof, thereby permitting comparatively light caring pressure on the overthrow preventing pawls so that the noise incident to the oscillation of said pawls is reduced to aminimum.

The overthrow preventing means disclosed in the present structure are provided with three distinct operating conditions. When no operation 5 of the numeral wheels is in progress said means are positively locked in engagement therewith, while during a digitation operation the overthrow preventing means are moved to inoperative position and the numeral wheels are free to rotate 10 without more than frictional resistance; during the portion of an operating cycle in which a transfer is made from one numeral wheel to the 7 one of next higher order, it is necessary that the overthrow preventing means he resiliently held 15 into engagement with the'numeral wheel, as said wheel must be free to receive a transfer in the event that such is determined, and must not be allowed to float out of position in the event that a transfer is not determined. This resilient engagement of the overthrow preventing means with the numeral wheel gear also maintains the alignment of the intermediate gear until the transfer tooth is engaged therewith, thus preventing a jamming of the machine.

In the accompanying'drawing forming a part of this specification:

.Figure l is a rightsection through the actuator and the shiftable accumulating mechanism carriage, showing the parts as they are related in normal position. The section of the actuator as shown in Figure 1 is taken along the line l-'-l in Figure 3, the transfer keys being dotted in to show their relative position with respect to the remainder of the actuating unit.

Figure 2 is a left elevation of an actuating unit of the calculating machine, showing the means for releasing the overthrow preventing means during digitation and for providing a resilient retaining means for said numeral wheels during transfer operations.

Figure 3 is a rear elevation of one of the actuating units of the machine.

Figure- 4 is a. right elevation of one of the actuating units of the calculating machine.

Figure 5 is a detail view showing the means for releasing the overthrow preventing means during resetting operations.

As disclosed in the present embodiment, the invention is shown as applied to a calculating machine having a rotary actuator 300 which may be operated by any suitable means. Values are introduced into the machine by suitable mechanism which moves the lever arm 301 through an angle corresponding to the desired value, said arm being provided with an arcuate rack at the upper end thereof meshing with and adaptedto move a settable disk 302 as fully disclosed in the Friden .Patent No. 1,643,710. A box cam is 5 formed in said disk to receive a roller 303A (Figure 1) attached to a slide 303 to control the time of projection thereof during a rotation of the actuator. The slide 303 is provided with nine teeth which are adapted to'mesh with and actuate the intermediate gears 002 to register on the numeral wheel 00! the number represented by I the setting of the disk 302, as disclosed in the above-mentioned patent. A locking pawl 840 is provided to lock the disk 302 in adjusted position during rotation of the actuator, the control thereof being provided through any suitable means. 7

Suitable means are provided for carrying tens from order to order, as fully disclosed in the above-mentioned patent. The only element thereof shown in the instant drawing is the transfer key 322 mounted in the actuator, said key being adapted to be rocked laterally against the tension of spring 322A by a transfer lever 2 (not shown) to engagethe intermediate gear 002.

- arrdltransmit one increment of movement to a higher order wheel when the wheel of next lower order passes from 0 to 9, or 9 to 0. The means for restoring any tripped transfer levers are also carriage placed in parallel displaceable relation with respect to the actuating mechanism. Secured to the side of each numeral wheel QM is a numeral wheel gear 003 having .ten teeth.

' Normally engaging said numeral wheel gear is a pawl e04 which is thrust into engagement therewith by a spring 405 tensioned between the tail of said pawl and a suitable supporting memher in the accumulating carriage. While the numeral wheels are shown as being mounted in a 'shiftable carriage, the invention as disclosed is equally applicable to a machine in which the actuator is displaceable with respect to the accumulator, or the two are relatively stationary.

" Means are provided for normally holding the pawl 400 in locking engagement with the numeral wheel 400. A bellcrank' lever 4520 is loosely mounted-on a shaft 329, being normally held in 00' the position shown in Figure l by a compression spring 020A suitably tensioned between the upper arm of said bellcrank and a plate 022. The lower and. forwardly extending arm of the bellcrank lever 420 is held in lateral alignment by a downso ward ly projecting comb extension of plate 622, and is provided at the end with a nose 3203 have ing a double camming surface, the upper surface of which is adapted to block movement of the pawl $00 by engagement with a lateral extension 400A provided thereon. The pawls 500 are nor mally spring presse into fully seated position, and-the nose @203 of the bellcr lever 120 serves not to hold 'the'pawl in its fully seated position, but merely to lock the pawl safely below 863 the iii-i of 9 g tilt, thereby eflectir= ally locking the accumulating wheel 40K in any given position.

Means are provided for completely the numeral wheels from the overthrow preventing pawl during digitation. Secured to the actuating slide 303 and to one side of the operating teeth thereof is a cam 3033 which is adapted, upon rotation of the actuator, to contact the rearward and upwardlyextending arm 4200 of the bell-crank lever 420 to rock said lever in'a counter-clockwise direction to its extreme position in that direction. The arm 4200 is held in the proper position by a suitable comb formed integrally with plate 422. The lower caniming surface of nose 4203 on the lower arm of the bellcrank lever 420 is adapted'to contact a pin 40413 on the pawl 400, and rocksaid pawl in a clockwise direction to release the numeral wheel 40! releasing therefrom. The release of the numeral wheel 40! from the pawl'dflfiis effected only during digitation as the cam 3033 becomes effective and ineffective in time with the teeth of the actuating slide 303 so'that the release is effected immedi-' slide, or'when the slide passes operative position.

At either of these times the spring 405 becomes effective to reseat the pawl 404 'in engagement withtheigear 403, and the bellcrank lever 420 f under influence of spring 520A again moves into actuator unit 300 is a cam surface 322B laterally aligned with the respective transfer pins 322. Said cams are so positioned as to become efiective immediately after the cam 3033 to rock the bellcrank 520m a counter-clockwise direction. The

movement imparted to the bellcrank lever 420 by the cam 3223 is less than the movement imparted thereto by the cam 3033 so that the lower and forward arm 020B thereof is rocked downwardly to permit the pawl 300 to be oscillated by the gear 03, but not'to such an extent that the nose 0203 will rock the pawl 600 by contacting the pin 006B. This intermediate position of the bellcrank lever 5120 allows the pawl 504 to remain in engagement with the gears 003 and act as a normally spring pressed overthrow preventing pawl. This ensures the alignment of gears Q03 and 602 so that the transfer pm 322 can mesh therewith and prevents the numeral wheelflti from floating out of position in the event that no transfer is determined in that order.

From the foregoing description it appears that the bellcrank lever 620 is adapted to occupy three difierent positions to determine three dif ferent operating conditions of the overthrow preventing pawl ltd. In the normal position shown in Figure 12 the forward arm $2013 of said bellcrank lever lies in front of the lug 004A on the pawl 604i, preventing a complete release of the pawl 00d from the numeral wheel gear 303, posilml'atl wheel idl n position g ti lotsing the In the intermediate position of the bellcrank lever 420, to which position it is moved by either of the cams 3223 during the transferring portion of the cycle of operation, the forward nose 420B of said bellcrank lever is moved downwardly out of blocking relation with the lug 404A, but not so far as to release the pawl 404 from the numeral wheel, thus allowing it to operate as a normal spring pressed pawl during such operation. In the extreme rocked position of the bellcrank lever 420 in a counter-clockwise direction, as imparted thereto by the cam 3033 during digitation operation, the forward nose 4203 of the bellcrank lever engages the pin 404B secured to the pawl 404 and rocks said pawl completely out of engagement from the intermediate numeral wheel gear 403, thus permitting free rotation of the numeral wheel during digitation operations.

Means are provided for releasing the numeral wheelsfor free rotation during a resetting operation. Secured to the resetting shaft M is a cam disk 4 I 3 having a depression which is adapted to receive the nose of a member 4 l4 mounted on the shaft 406 (Figure 5) when the resetting shaft is in normal or full cycle position. Said member M4 is held in spring pressed engagement with the cam disk 3 by a spring 5 suitably supported on an arm USA as shown in Figure 5. Upon rotation of the resetting shaft 4| 0, the cam disk 3 forces the projection on member 4 from engagement with the seat in said cam disk, and rocks the shaft 406 in a counter-clockwise direction. As shown in Figure 1, counterclockwise rotation of shaft 406 depresses the forward arm of the bellcrank 420, causing the nose 420B formed thereon to contact pin 4043 to release the pawl 404 from engagement with the numeral wheel gears 403, releasing the numeral wheel for free rotation as in digitation operations.

While the preferred construction has been described in the foregoing specification, it is understood that the invention is capable of modification within the scope of the following claims.

I claim:

1. In a calculating machine, numeral wheels, spring pressed detents associated therewith, a member for preventing movement of said detents to inoperative position, and means comprising said member for moving said detents to inoperative position.

2. In a calculating machine, numeral wheels, overthrow preventing -means therefor, means normally holding said overthrow preventing means to lock said numeral wheels against movement in either direction, actuating mechanism for including a differentially settable element, and

means controlled by said element for disabling said holding means and moving said overthrow preventing means from engagement with said numeral wheels during effective movement of said actuating mechanism.

4. In a-calculating machine, a toothed registering wheel, a spring-pressed detent in cooperative relation therewith, a lever for blocking movement of said detent in either direction by said wheel, means for moving said lever to free said detent for movement in either direction by said wheel, and means comprising said lever for completely removing said detent from cooperative relation with said wheel.

5. In a calculating machine, a toothed registering wheel, a spring-pressed detent in cooperative relation therewith, means for locking said wheel against movement comprising means for blocking movement of said detent, a digitation member having means associated therewith for completely removing said detent from cooperative relation with said wheel, and a tens carrying member having means associated therewith for disabling said blocking means only.

6. In a calculating machine, a numeral wheel, a spring pressed detent associated therewith, a lever for controlling movement of said detent, actuating mechanism comprising a digitation member and a tens carrying member, and means associated with each of said members for causing different movements of said lever in carrying than in digitation operations.

7. In a calculating machine, a registering wheel, a spring pressed detent associated therewith, a control lever movable to a series of positions to block movement of said detent, to permit said detent to be moved by said wheel, or to remove said detent from operative association with said wheel, reversible actuating mechanism, and means controlled by said mechanism for causing movement of said lever to each of said positions during operation in either direction.

HAROLD T. AVERY.

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