US2032947A - Oil burner combustion apparatus - Google Patents

Description

March 3, 1936. D. o. MILLER OIL BURNER COMBUSTION APPARATUs Filed March 27, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet l T m m QM A Q. MW/

Mar'ch 3, 1936. D O

OIL BURNER COMBUSTION APPARATUS Filed March 27, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Mar. .3, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2 Claims.

at its delivery end, the usual oil supply pipe and.

spray nozzle and also having the usual ignition cable and electrodes.

15 The same motor also drives an oil pump, this providing the nozzle with fuel, and in case of motor failure both the pump and fan will cease operation as is desirable.

The air duct has a louver ring assembly po- 20 sitioned therein whereby the air delivered to the nozzle must pass therethrough. This louver ring imparts a whirling motion to the air in either direction as desired and also controls the quantity of air flowing therethrough. Thus, efficient 25 combustion is had.

Also, my invention relates to means in the air duct whereby access may be had to the louver.

ring assembly whereby the louver ring may be removed from the duct or the louvers individual- 30 ly adjusted. Also, the louver ring is adjustable longitudinally therein.

Yet another feature of my invention is that the oil supply pipe and the ignition cables are introduced into the air duct near the spray noz- 3 zle thereby allowing sufficient space for the adjustment of the louver ring assembly.

Other objects of this invention will become apparent in the description of fuel burner shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:

40 Fig. 1 is a plan view of my invention showing the electric motor, the fan and the air duct.

Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section through the fan casing and air duct showing the burner in conjunction with a furnace or boiler.

, 45 Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section through the air duct taken along line 3-4 in Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view through one side of the louver ring and one of the vanes 50 or louver elements.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary elevationwith parts in section showing a modified form of my invention in which the air controlling means are mounted directly on the air duct.

55 Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional view through one side of the air duct and one of the louver elements showing the modified form.

Like numerals refer to like parts throughout the several figures of the drawings.

Referring to the drawings, an electric motor I 5 drives a fan rotor 2 which is mounted for rotation inside of a fan casing 3. The fan rotor is mounted eccentrically inside of the circular casing. An opening 4 is provided coaxially with the fan rotor, as an inlet for air. At the point where 10 the distance between the center of the rotor and the circular portion of the casing is the greatest an outlet 5 extends tangentially therefrom. The outlet 5 has a tubular air .duct 6 mounted thereon, see Figs. 1 and 2, and this duct extends outwardly therefrom. The outer end of the air duct extends into a furnace or boiler indicated at I. The air duct 6 is cut away intermediate its ends as indicated at l6 to provide for the insertion and adjustment of a louver ring assembly. This louver ring assembly is positioned in the air duct, the purpose of this being to give the air, passing therethrough, a whirling motion for the purpose hereinafter described. The assembly consists of a cylindrical ring 8, the forward edge of which is beveled to offer minimum air resistance, and the outer diameter of which is substantially the same as or a little less than the inner diameter of the air duct 6.

The cylindrical ring 8 has spaced perforations 9 around its circumference. These perforations are countersunk toreceive flat headed screws III therein. See Fig. 4. Each of the screws I0 is received into aboss II on each of the louvers or vanes l2 to hold the louvers in their proper po- 5 sitions. Each boss is recessed and a lock-washer I3 is positioned between each louver and the inside of the ring to prevent shifting of the louver from its adjusted position. Each of the vanes or louvers is substantially triangular shaped, the 40 edge toward the ring being curved, as shown at I I4, so that it will bear snugly against the inside of the ring its full length when it is located directly across the ring. The inner free edges of the louvers are beveled as indicated by numeral E5 to give the louvers a minimum resistance to the air flow. The louvers, when adjusted to lie 'in the same plane, substantially close the opening through the ring. In practice, the louvers may be set at exactly the same angles entirely around the ring whereby a uniform whirl is obtained, the rapidity thereof being controlled by the angularity of the blades. However, it is possible to entirely close some of the vjanes and obtain an eccentric whirling of air or some vanes may be adjusted so as to act in opposition to others thus decreasing the whirling effect in proportion to the amount of air. Numerous and desirable adjustments are possible.

As previously noted, the air .duct has an opening l6 therein, intermediate its ends, so that the ring assembly may be inserted therein or withdrawn therefrom. The ring assembly may be longitudinally adjusted in the air duct. The opening also allows for adjustment of the louvers by making the assembly readily accessible. The opening in the duct is rectangular in shape and extends downwardly to the horizontal diameter of the duct whereby the louver ring assembly may be inserted into the duct without it being pinched or wedged therein. A cover I? is provided to close the opening in the air duct, this cover having flanges l8 therearound to rest against the edges of the opening Hi. The body portion of the cover is indented as shown, thereby allowing the louver ring to be embraced on its entire outer surface so that no air will pass by the louver ring except through the inside thereof thereby causing all air passing to be affected by the louvers. The cover is held tightly in place by the wing-nuts l9.

The fuel nozzle 20 is positioned in the air duct near the outer end thereof, being adjustably supported on the casting 2|, the oil supply pipe 22 extending inwardly a short distance and thence turned at right angles and downwardly through and to the outside of the air duct and to the oil supply. The fuel nozzle 20 is shown in its rearward position and it can be slid forwardly through the casting 2| to adjust it relatively to an air deflector 21, later referred to. Oil under pressure is delivered through the supply pipe and to the nozzle whereby the oil is ejected in a fine spray to the point of combustion, the oil pump, not shown, being driven by the motor I.

Mounted on the casting 2| are two porcelain elements 23, one on each side of the spray nozzle in the same horizontal plane. Electrodes 24 extend forwardly and inwardly from each of the porcelain elements to a point in close proximity to the end of the nozzle and at which point the electrodes are in close proximity to each other. Electric conductors 25 are connected to each of the electrodes and extend through the porcelain elements whereby they are properly insulated, and are turned downwardly and extend through a conduit pipe 26, which leads to the outside of the air duct. The conductors then lead to a suitable source of electric energy, not shown. A spark occurs aghe electrodes whereby combustion is created a. shofi distance in front of the nozzle which location is the point of combustion. The foregoing ignition device is conventional and may be of any suitable type.

An air deflector 21 is mounted at the outer end of the air duct by means of screws 28', having an annular beveled inwardly extending flange whereby the whirling air passing will be directed and concentrated to the point of combustion in front of the fuel nozzle.

It will be noted from the drawings that the oil supply pipe 22 and the ignition conductor conduit 26 are extended to the outside of the air duct closely adjacent the nozzle thus allowing for a wide range of adjustment of the louver ring.

In the present invention better combustion is produced than heretofore, the reason being that the air, supplied under pressure, is introduced at the point of combustion, in a whirling or spiral motion, whereby the fuel ejected from the spray nozzle is mixed with the air to a greater extent than heretofore, thereby producing a flame which is very hot and is efficient in that less oil is required to produce a given amount of heat.

Oils used in a burner of this kind are of varying qualities and need different amounts of air or oxygen mixed therewith to produce a certain quality of flame, and this invention is constructed to take care of these differing conditions.

The aforesaid construction permits the individual adjustment of the vanes in the path of the rapidly moving air passing through the airduct, whereby more or less' whirl is imparted to the passing air. The more the air is whirling at the point of combustion the more the air will mix with the oil-spray, and the less the whirling of air at the point of combustion the less the air will mix with the oil-spray. The longitudinal adjustment of the louver ring assembly within the air-duct changes the position of the initial air rotation with respect to the nozzle and oil-spray, which adjustment allows for differing mixtures of oil vapor and air.

The two adjustments of the louver ring assembly, namely, the individual adjustment of the louvers and the longitudinal adjustment of the ring within the air duct, also creates different forms of flame within the furnace, that is, either a short and broad flame for a furnace of similar proportions or a long and slender flame for a furnace of these proportions, depending on the adjustment to which the louver ring is set. A short and broad flame is produced by adjusting the ring assembly along the air-duct to a point near the nozzle and adjusting all the vanes to a slightly open position. A long and slender flame is produced by setting the louver ring assembly far from the nozzle and setting the vanes to a wide open position. Thus it will be seen that the burner may be adjusted to produce a flame of the proper size and shape to suit any particular furnace.

The modified form shown in Figs. and 6 is one in which the vanes are mounted directly on the air duct in which case the vanes cannot be adjusted lengthwise, the only adjustment being the individual adjustment thereof. In this modified form the air duct is perforated therearound, as shown at 28, the perforations being equally spaced. Each of the vanes I2 is substantially the same as in the preferred structure, having a centrally located boss H at the curved side I4 thereof but diiferlng from the preferred form in that. a stud 29 extends from said boss. The stud on each of the vanes is received in the perforations 28 around the air duct. The stud is screw-threaded whereby a lock nut 30 may be screwed thereon to hold the vane in its adjusted position. The stud is slotted, as indicated at 3|, at its outer end whereby the vane may be adjusted from outside the air duct and without removing the cover therefrom. The slot 3| indicates the corresponding position of the vane proper. The boss on each of the vanes is recessed and a lock-washer 32 is positioned around the stud and between the boss and the inside of the air-duct to insure a fixed adjustment of the vanes. In this modified construction the opening in the air-duct and the cover therefor may be eliminated if desired although I have shown the same in Fig. 5.

The invention is defined in the appended claims and is to be considered comprehensive of all forms of structure coming within their scope.

I claim:

1. The combination of an air conduit having an inlet end and an outlet end, a burner having a fuel ejecting nozzle located near the outlet end of the air conduit, a tapered shield symmetrically restricting the outlet space of said air conduit forwardly of said nozzle, means for producing an air current in said conduit and means for causing said air current to attain a whirling motion before whereby no dead air space remains in the conduit.

2. In combination, an air conduithaving an inlet end and an outlet end, a nozzle located in said conduit adjacent its outlet end, means for producing an air current in said conduit, a ring shaped holder located in said conduit, angularly positioned blades located in said holder in positions to cause said air current to attain a whirling motion, said vanes being of triangular shape with two sides extending radially and with the point between these two sides being located atthe axis of the conduit, and means for individually ad- 10 justing the blades.

DALE 0. MIILER.

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