US2029878A - Reenforced wall structure - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 4, 1936. J. KUBLANOW 2,029,878

REENFORCED WALL STRUCTURE l Filed Feb. 1o, 1954 ./Vlylflll4 y F7.

Patented Feb. 4, 1936 UNITED s'lATEsl PATENT OFFICE 2 Claims.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in brick veneer sidewall structures and it is among the objects thereof to. provide a form of brick or slab which shall be notched or grooved on one side to adapt it for engagement with the strands oi standard forms of Wire mesh.

A further object of the invention is the provision of means for spacing the brick in a manner to produce conventional mortar lines of staggered appearance.

Still a further object of the invention is the provision of a Wire mesh brick veneer sidewall structure which shall facilitate the assembly of the brick slabs on the wall and which shall, when assembled, constitute a steel reenforced composition brick and mortar Wall with the reenforcing disposed behind the brick and in the mortar joints.

One form oi' brick veneer Wall that has come into extensive use utilizes a steel wire mesh having some of its strands off-set to constitute spacing abutments for brick slabs having a smooth face and backing. Such a structure is of great strength and durability as it provides for enveloping the back and side faces of the brick in mortar and also provides for the disposition of the wire strands in the mortar joints.

In accor-dance with the present invention I provide a brick which is grooved in such manner as to adapt it for use with standard square Wire mesh in which the strands are not oil-set and which utilizes the strands as the spacing abutments, such Wire being relatively inexpensive.

In the accompanying drawing constituting a part hereof and in which like reference numerals designate like parts:

Figure 1 is a front elevational view of a portion of a brick veneer wall embodying the principles of this invention;

Figure 2 a longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along the lines II-II, Figure 1;

Figure 3 a vertical section taken along the lines III-III, Figure l;

Figure 4 a front elevational view illustrating a different manner of mounting the wire mesh;

Figure 5 a vertical section of the structure shown in Figure 4;

Figures 6 and 7, a view in perspective and a bottom plan view respectively of a special form of brick utilized in the structures of Figures 1 to 5;

Figure 8, a view in perspective of an extruded and cut clay body illustrating how the slabs are made; and

(Cl. 'l2-18) Figure 9 is a side elevational view of the cleat.

With reference to Figures 1 to 3 inclusive of the drawings the numeral I designates a base wall such as weather boarding of a dwelling; 2 and 3 the longitudinal and transverse strands of a standard form of. square wire mesh which is secured by cleats 4 to the base wall I as shown in Figure 3.

The mesh is fastened by cleats 4 at spaced intervals and mortar is applied tothe entire face of the mesh. Relatively thin brick veneer slabs 5 of fired clay material are then placed between the longitudinal strands 2 of the mesh and embedded in the mortar suiliciently to have the edge of the brick abut one of the longitudinal wire strands 2.

In order that the slabs may be properly spaced they are constructed in the manner shown in Figures 6 and 7, the numeral 6 designating the front face of the slab and 'I the grooves in the back of the slabs. The grooves are of substantial width between the successive tongues or projections 8 to permit moving or sliding the slab laterally after it has been placed over the mesh as shown in Figure 1. One end of the slab is preferably provided with a tongue 8 and the other end without, so that no .diiiculty will be encountered in spacing the tongues with the transverse strands 3 of the mesh.

For the purpose of applying the brick slabs, it is immaterial whether the longitudinal| strands 2 are adjacent the base wall I or spaced therefrom so long as the grooves 'I of the brick when applied allow the brick to abut against these strands to maintain uniformly spaced mortar lines.

Where, however, it is desirable to employ brick slabs of thicker body, it may be desirable to space the strands of the mesh a greater distance from the base wall I and to this end special forms of nails such as are shown in Figures 4 and 5 may be utilized, the nails having a bifurcated head 9 to hold the mesh therein. Whether the mesh is adjacent the wall or spaced therefrom, the manner of applying the brick slabs is the same.

The method of laying the brick slabs will become more apparent from a consideration of Figures 1 and 2 as follows: When the mesh has been mounted on the base wall and the mortar applied to cover the strands, the grooved slabs 5 are placed on the mortar and pressed into the mortar until the edges oi the slabs engage the strands. The slab is rst pushed into contact with the upper longitudinal strand 2, is then moved laterally until the tongues engage the transverse strands 3, and is then drawn downwardly to abut the bottom -longitudinal strand 2. The next slab is applied in the same manner and by subjecting it to lateral movement is spaced in end to end relation with the rst slab a sufcient distance to provide the proper spacing for the mortar joint which may vary between three-eighths to one-half inch, more or less. Adjacent slabs are similarly applied until a row has been set and the next row either below or above the rst row of slabs is applied in a similar manner with the center of the slab mid-way of a vertical mortar joint in the adjacent row of slabs.

When the slabs are moved l'aterally to abut the tongues 8 with the vertical strands 3, the mortar between the tongues is displaced leaving air spaces I which act as insulation for the interior of the Wall.

The grooved slabs can be economically produced as they can be extruded from a hollow tile press and then cut n the manner of cutting thin slabs without grooves, the entire mass after cutting adhering sufficiently to permit handling until after kiln firing when they are easily separated by a sharp blow.

Figure 8 of the drawing illustrates the manner in which the brick may be extruded and cut.

It is apparent from the foregoing description of this invention that brick veneer wall structures made in accordance with the present invention may be economically produced with a minimum amount of labor and a minimum amount of handling of the materials. It will also be apparent that the depth and spacing of the grooves may be varied in accordance with the particular sizes of wire mesh employed and that other modications may be made Without departing from the spirit of the invention.

I claim:

1. A brick veneer wall comprising a base material, wire mesh secured thereto having transverse strands extending horizontally and vertically of said wall, mortar covering said mesh, and facing brick inserted in said mortar, said brick comprising slabs having a smooth outer surface on one side and parallel tongues projecting on the opposite side with the lower edge oi.' the brick engaging a horizontal strand of said mesh and one or more of said tongues abutting one or more of the vertical strands of said mesh.

2. A brick veneer wall comprising a base material, metal spacing and reenforcng members secured thereto having laterally extending spacing and supporting elements integrally formed thereon, and facing slabs mounted on said metal| spacing members having a smooth outer face on one side and parallel tongues and grooves on the opposite side for engaging the metal reenforcing elements with one or more of the tongues of said slabs engaging one or more of the spacing and supporting elements.

JOSEPH KUBLANOW.

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