US2027095A - Coating composition - Google Patents

Description

Patented Jan. 7, 1936 f j I Y j 2,927,035

GOATINGfOOMBbSITIQK l I Flood and John AfHannum, Cleveland Heights, Ohio, assignors to The Flood Comf pany, Qleveland, Ohio, acorporation of Ohio '1 "No Drawing. Application December 17, 1931, J g e Serial No. 581,776.,

1 Claim. 01. 134-49) 1 the finishing coats of shellac, varnish, lacquer,

enamel or whatever is employed, are applied. In such operations, with oil-type fillers, there has been an initial difficulty that if the filler be made ,up complete much in advance of the time of application, the suspended solids are prone to settle out and set to such an extent that it is almost impossible to re-suspend them for satisfactory use. For this reason, it has been usual to make up oil-fillers in stiff or paste form, and then thin them down to applying consistency at the time they are to be used. This lack of a ready-mixed preparation has thus entailed considerable extra annoyance and uncertainty upon the user. A preparation eliminating all this nuisance would thus represent a real saving to the consumer, besides greatly facilitating his work. A preparation which, furthermore, provides highly favorable characteristics in application and in dryingtime is accordingly desirable and of fundamental importance.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the present invention, then, comprises the features hereinafter fully described,

and particularly pointed out in the claims, the following description setting forth certain illustrative embodiments of the invention, these being indicative however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principle of the invention may be employed. 1

In accordance with the present invention, we make up a composition including an aqueous solution and a filler of an expander or crystallizing binder-type, and occasionally a drying oil. One of the greatest difficulties heretofore with any filler is a tendency to shrinkage. This has been serious enough in an oil-filler, where pracmay be noted:

even with theu'se of water, by flller' combinations of 5 expanding tendency or crystallizing binders. In the former there is involved one or more coinponentswhich may be subject to some action] or reactionwith one or more components of a sub- 'sequentcoat. and by the latter is, meant a crystalli'zation "or"other deposition of one or more components in such a manner that the resultinglvolumebf the solid is greater than the volume ofljthe liquid from which "it was deposited. For

example, a substance such as so'diumsalicylate will crystallize in long slender needles of relatively great tensile strength but relatively weak shear strength. Such a material crystallizing in woodpores will grow readily into the center of the pore 5 through the body of the filler material and firmly anchor it in place against shearing stresses across the top surface, the crystals being in a position within the pores oriented in line with the tensilestress. The material on the surface however, is anchored by crystals which grow at right angles to the direction of wiping and are hence easily sheared across and offer little resistance to the wiping operation. Usage of sodium salicylate affords a further function of an antiseptic character, which is desirable in the event of inclusion of organic materials susceptible to the action of molds, bacteria,.and the like. Organic colloids which may be included are pentosan-type c01- loids, rubber latex, and in some instances glue, starch, etc. In addition to the drying oil, turpentine and benzene as thinners may be employed. Triethanolamine as such, or reacted with a fatty acid material to form soaps, is also desirable in small proportion. Finely divided mineral material is also advantageously incorporated, such as finely ground quartz, silica, mica, etc.

Compositions in accordance with the present invention are particularly favorable for the inclusion of a stain. By reason of the presence of water, a water-soluble stain-component may be included, and a water-soluble dye is much more satisfactory than an oil-soluble dye in practice, oil-soluble dyes being usually fugitive or having a tendency to fade on exposure to light, and they usually also leave the surface with a muddy appearance rather than clear and brilliant. As water-soluble stains we may include aniline dye or natural dye stufis, pigments, or pyrogallol or the like treated with an oxidizing agent, for instance potassium or sodium bichromate, in alkaline solution.

By way of illustration. the following examples I Quartz (400 mesh) gms. Mica (160 mesh) 5 gms. Amorphous silica (silex) 5 gms. White lead (ground) 10 gms. Oil mixture 5 cc. Rubber latex (commercial) 5 cc. Wax emulsion 10 cc. Shellac emulsion cc. Stain solution 15 cc. Pentosan colloid (commercial) 6 gms. Glue 1 gm. Triethanolamine 2 cc. Sodium carbonate 6 gmsi Sodium benzoate .5 gm.

Stain solution 80 cc. Rubber latex 15 cc. Quartz (400 mesh) gms. Pentosan col1oid .14 gm. Sodium carbonate .14 gm. Sodium salicylate .5 gm. Cellulose acetate powder 7.5 gms. Mica (160 mesh) gms. Boiled linseed oil 7 cc. Turpentine '2 cc. Benzene 1 cc. Triethanolamine 1 cc. Oleic acid 1 cc.

In such compositions, a filler may be had affording excellent properties in application and rubbing and drying, together with effective poreholding of filler-material. And where stainingaction additionally is desired, this may also be realized in an efiective degree, particularly where water-soluble stains are employed, the combination permitting a highly uniform setting-in of the stain with the filler.

Other modes of applying the principle of the invention may be employed, change being made as regards the details described, provided the features stated in any of the following claims, or the equivalent of such, be employed.

We therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as our invention:-

A wood-filling composition, comprising an aqueous vehicle, a predominant proportion of finely-divided mineral filler, and small proportions respectively of cellulose acetate, rubber 20 latex, a drying oil, and crystallizing sodium saiicylate.

EARL D. FLOOD. JOHN A. HANNUM.