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US20230114516A1 - Trace element solution - Google Patents

Trace element solution Download PDF

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Publication number
US20230114516A1
US20230114516A1 US18/080,474 US202218080474A US2023114516A1 US 20230114516 A1 US20230114516 A1 US 20230114516A1 US 202218080474 A US202218080474 A US 202218080474A US 2023114516 A1 US2023114516 A1 US 2023114516A1
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Prior art keywords
trace element
element solution
edta
copper
indirectly
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US18/080,474
Inventor
William Alfred Smith
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Warburton Technology Ltd
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Warburton Technology Ltd
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Priority to US18/080,474 priority Critical patent/US20230114516A1/en
Publication of US20230114516A1 publication Critical patent/US20230114516A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
    • A61K33/24—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
    • A61K33/34—Copper; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
    • A61K33/04—Sulfur, selenium or tellurium; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
    • A61K33/18—Iodine; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
    • A61K33/24—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
    • A61K33/30—Zinc; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
    • A61K33/24—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
    • A61K33/32—Manganese; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/16—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing nitrogen, e.g. nitro-, nitroso-, azo-compounds, nitriles, cyanates
    • A61K47/18—Amines; Amides; Ureas; Quaternary ammonium compounds; Amino acids; Oligopeptides having up to five amino acids
    • A61K47/183—Amino acids, e.g. glycine, EDTA or aspartame
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/08—Solutions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/02—Nutrients, e.g. vitamins, minerals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2300/00—Mixtures or combinations of active ingredients, wherein at least one active ingredient is fully defined in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a trace element solution.
  • the present invention relates to a trace element solution incorporating Zinc, Manganese, Copper and Selenium.
  • ZA 1982/6778 discloses a trace element solution and a method of providing the trace elements to livestock.
  • These trace element solutions include ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid complex of the required mineral in suitable quantities.
  • the trace element solution includes no selenium or selenite compound.
  • EDTA refers to ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (C 10 H 16 O 8 N 2 or (HO 2 CH 2 C) 2 NCH 2 CH 2 N—(CH 2 CO 2 H) 2 ).
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,335,116 (Howard) discloses mineral-containing therapeutic compositions containing EDTA complexes of trace elements.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,335,116 utilises tetra-sodium EDTA, a selenium glycine complex, and metal chlorides for the preparation of the EDTA complexes.
  • the chloride ions cause contamination and each complex solution has to be made individually.
  • overnight time is required for complexing and heating up afterward to speed up the process, requiring extra apparatus.
  • mixtures are required, the individual solutions are to be blended.
  • various concentrations as well as compositions are to be made, it can only be done in a cumbersome way, requiring extra apparatus.
  • a further problem arises when mixtures of high concentration are needed. In certain cases it would be impossible to deliver them, because mixing is always accompanied by dilution.
  • the maximum concentration achieved with this method was 13.5 mg/ml.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 6,638,539 discloses a method of preparing a trace element solution, which includes the steps of providing at least one EDTA-complex, of providing a sodium selenite solution, and of combining the EDTA-complexes and the sodium selenite solution.
  • the method enables production of a trace element solution of only about 55 mg/ml.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 7,285,292 discloses a trace element solution, which comprises at least one metal selected from the group comprising selenium, copper, zinc, manganese and chromium and which comprises a concentration of the metal(s) of at least 60 mg/ml.
  • the solution further comprises at least one compound selected from the group comprising iodine, potassium iodide, sodium iodide, iron, iron chloride, zinc oxide, manganese sulphate, sodium selenite, copper carbonate, sodium carbonate, anhydrous disodium EDTA and sodium hydroxide.
  • the trace element solution is prepared by a method consisting essentially of the steps of preparing a MnCO 3 mixture in a container; adding an EDTA/NaOH mixture to the container and subsequently adding at least one metal compound; and adding Na 2 SeO 3 to the container to obtain the trace element solution.
  • the method also comprises the step of adding CrCl 3 .6H 2 O to the trace element solution.
  • a trace element solution comprises at least the following metals:
  • a trace element solution comprises at least the following metals:
  • the mineral EDTA chelates may be derived directly and/or indirectly from Zinc oxide, manganese carbonate, copper carbonate, copper sulphate, copper oxide, EDTA and/or sodium hydroxide.
  • the trace element solution may additionally comprise iodine.
  • the trace element solution may additional comprise 50 mg/ml iodine.
  • the iodine may be derived from potassium iodide.
  • the ratio of zinc to manganese may be at least 6.5:1.
  • the ratio of zinc to copper may be at least 4:1.
  • the ratio of zinc to selenium may be at least 13:1.
  • the concentration of the metals may be at least 95 mg/ml.
  • the trace element solution may also be prepared with the addition of water, chlorocresol and/or benzyl alcohol.
  • the pH of the trace element solution may be adjusted by means of 30% NaOH.
  • the solution may be an injectable trace element solution.
  • the solution may be visually stable.
  • the invention also extends to a method of preparing a trace element solution as described herein.
  • the example relates to a trace element solution predominantly to be used for cattle and includes the mineral elements zinc, manganese, selenium and copper.
  • a trace element solution comprises the following metals:
  • the trace element solution comprises at least the following metals:
  • the trace element solution can additional comprise 50 mg/ml iodine.
  • the iodine is derived from potassium iodide.
  • the ratio of zinc to manganese is at least 6.5:1.
  • the ratio of zinc to copper is at least 4:1.
  • the ratio of zinc to selenium is at least 13:1.
  • the concentration of the metals is at least 95 mg/ml.
  • the trace element solution is also be prepared with the addition of water, chlorocresol and/or benzyl alcohol.
  • the pH of the trace element solution is adjusted by means of 30% NaOH.
  • the solution can be an injectable trace element solution.
  • the solution is visually stable.
  • the mineral EDTA chelates can be derived directly and/or indirectly from Zinc oxide, manganese carbonate, copper carbonate, copper oxide, copper sulphate, EDTA and/or sodium hydroxide.
  • the invention also extends to a method of preparing a trace element solution as described herein.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dermatology (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Diabetes (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Obesity (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)

Abstract

A trace element solution comprises at least the following metals zinc directly and/or indirectly from Zn-EDTA and/or Zn oxide; manganese directly and/or indirectly from Mn-EDTA and/or manganese carbonate; copper directly and/or indirectly from Cu-EDTA and/or copper oxide and/or copper sulphate, and/or copper carbonate; selenium derived directly and/or indirectly from Na2SeO4 and/or Na2SeO3. The metals are present in a solution of water, chlorocresol and/or benzyl alcohol, at a concentration of metals of at least 95 mg/ml. The pH of the trace element solution adjusted by means of 30% NaOH in an injectable trace element solution that is visually stable.

Description

    CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT
  • This is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/069,238 filed Oct. 13, 2020, which, in turn is a continuation of U.S. Pat. No. 10,799,531 granted from U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/767,002 filed Apr. 9, 2018 as a 371 application of PCT/IB2015/057726 filed Oct. 9, 2015, all herein incorporated by reference.
    • to FIELD OF INVENTION
  • The present invention relates to a trace element solution.
  • More particularly, the present invention relates to a trace element solution incorporating Zinc, Manganese, Copper and Selenium.
    • BACKGROUND TO INVENTION
  • It has been found that there is a deficiency of certain trace elements in pastures for livestock in particular areas around the world. Various suggestions have been made to provide the required trace elements to such animals. Different chemical compounds and complexes have been investigated for applying the trace elements by way of licks, drenches or injections.
  • In general the problem with injectable solutions is that the concentrations of the minerals in the solutions is too low. This means that relatively large quantities have to be injected, which in turn causes tissue damage and also abscesses at the site of injection. Furthermore, it is generally the case that different trace elements are seldomly individually sufficient. This means that two or more trace element solutions have to be provided by way of separate injections.
  • ZA 1982/6778 (Laurie) discloses a trace element solution and a method of providing the trace elements to livestock. These trace element solutions include ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid complex of the required mineral in suitable quantities. However, the trace element solution includes no selenium or selenite compound.
  • In the specification and claims the expression EDTA refers to ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (C10H16O8N2 or (HO2CH2C)2NCH2CH2N—(CH2CO2H)2).
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,335,116 (Howard) discloses mineral-containing therapeutic compositions containing EDTA complexes of trace elements. Notably, U.S. Pat. No. 4,335,116 utilises tetra-sodium EDTA, a selenium glycine complex, and metal chlorides for the preparation of the EDTA complexes. Unfortunately, the chloride ions cause contamination and each complex solution has to be made individually. Furthermore, overnight time is required for complexing and heating up afterward to speed up the process, requiring extra apparatus. If mixtures are required, the individual solutions are to be blended. If various concentrations as well as compositions are to be made, it can only be done in a cumbersome way, requiring extra apparatus. A further problem arises when mixtures of high concentration are needed. In certain cases it would be impossible to deliver them, because mixing is always accompanied by dilution. The maximum concentration achieved with this method was 13.5 mg/ml.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 6,638,539 (Laurie et al) discloses a method of preparing a trace element solution, which includes the steps of providing at least one EDTA-complex, of providing a sodium selenite solution, and of combining the EDTA-complexes and the sodium selenite solution. However, the method enables production of a trace element solution of only about 55 mg/ml.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 7,285,292 (Laurie et al) discloses a trace element solution, which comprises at least one metal selected from the group comprising selenium, copper, zinc, manganese and chromium and which comprises a concentration of the metal(s) of at least 60 mg/ml. The solution further comprises at least one compound selected from the group comprising iodine, potassium iodide, sodium iodide, iron, iron chloride, zinc oxide, manganese sulphate, sodium selenite, copper carbonate, sodium carbonate, anhydrous disodium EDTA and sodium hydroxide. The trace element solution is prepared by a method consisting essentially of the steps of preparing a MnCO3 mixture in a container; adding an EDTA/NaOH mixture to the container and subsequently adding at least one metal compound; and adding Na2SeO3 to the container to obtain the trace element solution. The method also comprises the step of adding CrCl3.6H2O to the trace element solution.
  • Unfortunately the known methods do not always provide the ideal concentration requirements and ideal and required ratios and do not result in stable concentrations and trace element solutions. Also the known methods are difficult to process.
  • It is an object of the invention to suggest a trace element solution for overcoming these problems.
    • SUMMARY OF INVENTION
  • According to the invention, a trace element solution, comprises at least the following metals:
      • (a) at least 65 mg/ml zinc derived directly and/or indirectly from mineral EDTA chelate(s);
      • (b) at least 10 mg/ml manganese derived directly and/or indirectly from mineral EDTA chelate(s);
      • (c) at least 15 mg/ml copper derived directly and/or indirectly from mineral EDTA chelate(s); and
      • (d) at least 5 mg/ml selenium.
  • Also according to the invention, a trace element solution, comprises at least the following metals:
      • (a) at least 65 mg/ml zinc derived directly and/or indirectly from ZN-EDTA and/or zinc oxide;
      • (b) at least 10 mg/ml manganese derived directly and/or indirectly from Mn-EDTA and/or Mn carbonate;
      • (c) at least 15 mg/ml copper derived directly and/or indirectly from Cu-EDTA and/or copper oxide and/or copper sulphate and/or copper carbonate; and
      • (d) at least 5 mg/ml selenium derived from Na2SeO4 and/or Na2SeO3.
  • The mineral EDTA chelates may be derived directly and/or indirectly from Zinc oxide, manganese carbonate, copper carbonate, copper sulphate, copper oxide, EDTA and/or sodium hydroxide.
  • The trace element solution may additionally comprise iodine.
  • The trace element solution may additional comprise 50 mg/ml iodine.
  • The iodine may be derived from potassium iodide.
  • The ratio of zinc to manganese may be at least 6.5:1.
  • The ratio of zinc to copper may be at least 4:1.
  • The ratio of zinc to selenium may be at least 13:1.
  • The concentration of the metals (excluding iodine) may be at least 95 mg/ml.
  • In addition to the aforementioned materials, the trace element solution may also be prepared with the addition of water, chlorocresol and/or benzyl alcohol.
  • The pH of the trace element solution may be adjusted by means of 30% NaOH.
  • The solution may be an injectable trace element solution.
  • The solution may be visually stable.
  • The invention also extends to a method of preparing a trace element solution as described herein.
    • DESCRIPTION OF EXAMPLE
  • The invention will now be described by way of an example of a trace element solution in accordance with the invention.
  • The example relates to a trace element solution predominantly to be used for cattle and includes the mineral elements zinc, manganese, selenium and copper.
  • According to the invention, a trace element solution, comprises the following metals:
      • (a) zinc directly and/or indirectly from mineral EDTA chelate(s);
      • (b) manganese directly and/or indirectly from mineral EDTA chelate(s);
      • (c) copper directly and/or indirectly from mineral EDTA chelate(s); and
      • (d) selenium.
  • The trace element solution, comprises at least the following metals:
      • (a) at least 65 mg/ml zinc derived directly and/or indirectly from ZN-EDTA and/or zinc oxide;
      • (b) at least 10 mg/ml manganese derived directly and/or indirectly from Mn-EDTA and/or Mn carbonate;
      • (c) at least 15 mg/ml copper derived directly and/or indirectly from Cu-EDTA and/or copper oxide and/or copper sulphate and/or copper carbonate; and
      • (d) at least 5 mg/ml selenium derived from Na2SeO4 and/or Na2SeO3.
  • The trace element solution can additional comprise 50 mg/ml iodine.
  • The iodine is derived from potassium iodide.
  • The ratio of zinc to manganese is at least 6.5:1.
  • The ratio of zinc to copper is at least 4:1.
  • The ratio of zinc to selenium is at least 13:1.
  • The concentration of the metals (excluding iodine) is at least 95 mg/ml.
  • In addition to the aforementioned materials, the trace element solution is also be prepared with the addition of water, chlorocresol and/or benzyl alcohol.
  • The pH of the trace element solution is adjusted by means of 30% NaOH.
  • The solution can be an injectable trace element solution.
  • The solution is visually stable.
  • The mineral EDTA chelates can be derived directly and/or indirectly from Zinc oxide, manganese carbonate, copper carbonate, copper oxide, copper sulphate, EDTA and/or sodium hydroxide.
  • The invention also extends to a method of preparing a trace element solution as described herein.
    • Example 1
  • Specifications
  • g/L
    Zinc 65
    Manganese 10
    Copper 15
    Selenium 5
    Iodine 50
  • (A)
  • g/L
    1. Purified water 637.255
    2. Mn-EDTA (14.12%) 70.83
    3. Zn-EDTA (16.36%) 397.31
    4. Cu-EDTA (15.98%) 93.89
    5. Mix with silverson until solution is clear
  • (B)
  • g/L
    1. pH: Record pH
    2. heat to 50° C. Add chlorocresol and mix 1.1
    until dissolved (±10 mins)
    3. pH: Record pH
    OR
    1. pH: record pH
    2. Add benzyl alcohol and mix until 10.46
    dissolved (±10 mins)
    3. pH: Record pH
    4. Cool to <25° C. and add Na2SeO4 or 11.96/10.95
    Na2SeO3
    5. pH:
    6. Potassium Iodide  65.407
  • (C)
  • 1. Adjust pH to 7/7.5/8 with 30% NaOH
  • 2. SG: 1.275-1.35
  • 3. Filter solution
    • Example 2
  • Specifications
  • g/L
    Zinc 65
    Manganese 10
    Copper 15
    Selenium 5
  • (A)
  • g/L
    6. Purified water 637.255
    7. Mn-EDTA (14.12%) 70.83
    8. Zn-EDTA (16.36%) 397.31
    9. Cu-EDTA (15.98%) 93.89
    10. Mix with silverson until solution is clear
  • (B)
  • g/L
    4. pH: record
    5. Heat to 50° C. add chlorocresol and 1.1
    mix until dissolved (±10 mins)
    6. pH: Record
    OR
    7. pH:
    8. Add benzyl alcohol and mix until dissolved (±10 mins) 10.46
    9. pH:
    10. Cool to <25° C.and add Na2SeO4 or 11.96/10.95
    Na2SeO3
    11. pH:
  • (C)
  • 1. Adjust pH to 7/7.5/8 with 30% NaOH
  • 2. SG: 1.275-1.35
  • 3. Filter solution
    • Example 3
  • Specifications
  • g/L
    Zinc 70
    Manganese 10
    Copper 15
    Selenium 5
    Iodine 50
  • (A)
  • g/L
    11. Purified water 637.255
    12. Mn-EDTA (14.12%) 70.83
    13. Zn-EDTA (16.36%) 427.87
    14. Cu-EDTA (15.98%) 93.89
    15. Mix with silverson until solution is clear
  • (B)
  • g/L
    7. pH: Record pH
    8. Heat to 50° C. and Add chlorocresol and 1.1
    mix until dissolved (±10 mins)
    9. pH: Record pH
    OR
    12. pH:
    13. Add benzyl alcohol and mix until 10.46
    dissolved (±10 mins)
    14. pH:
    15. Cool to <20° C. and add Na2SeO4 or 11.96/10.95
    Na2SeO3
    16. pH:
    17. Potassium Iodide  65.407
  • (C)
  • 1. Adjust pH to 7/7.5/8 with 30% NaOH
  • 2. SG: 1.275-1.35
  • 3. Filter solution
    • Example 4
  • g/L
    Zinc 70
    Manganese 10
    Copper 15
    Selenium 5
  • (A)
  • g/L
    16. Purified water 637.255
    17. Mn-EDTA (14.12%) 70.83
    18. Zn-EDTA (16.36%) 427.87
    19. Cu-EDTA (15.98%) 93.89
    20. Mix with silverson until solution is clear
  • (B)
  • g/L
    10. pH: Record pH
    11. Heat to 50° C. and Add chlorocresol and 1.1
    mix until dissolved (±10 mins)
    12. pH Record pH
    OR
    18. pH:
    19. Add benzyl alcohol and mix until dissolved (±10 mins) 10.46
    20. pH:
    21. Cool to <20° C. and add Na2SeO4 or 11.96/10.95
    Na2SeO3
    22. pH:
  • (C)
  • 1. Adjust pH to 7/7.5/8 with 30% NaOH
  • 2. SG: 1.275-1.35
  • 3. Filter solution

Claims (12)

1. A trace element solution, which comprises at least the following metals:
(a) zinc directly and/or indirectly from Zn-EDTA and/or Zn oxide, wherein zinc is present in at least 65 mg/ml zinc directly and/or indirectly from Zn-EDTA and/or Zn oxide;
(b) manganese directly and/or indirectly from Mn-EDTA and/or manganese carbonate;
(c) copper directly and/or indirectly from Cu-EDTA and/or copper oxide and/or copper sulphate, and/or copper carbonate; and
to (d) selenium derived directly and/or indirectly from Na2SeO4 and/or Na2SeO3,
wherein the metals are present in a solution of water, chlorocresol and/or benzyl alcohol, at a concentration of metals of at least 95 mg/ml, and
wherein a ratio of zinc to manganese is at least 6.5:1.
2. The trace element solution of claim 1, wherein manganese is present in at least 10 mg/ml manganese directly and/or indirectly from Mn-EDTA and/or manganese carbonate.
3. The trace element solution of claim 1, wherein copper is present in at least 15 mg/ml copper directly and/or indirectly from Cu-EDTA and/or copper oxide and/or copper sulphate, and/or copper carbonate.
4. The trace element solution of claim 1, wherein selenium is present in at least 5 mg/ml selenium derived directly and/or indirectly from Na2SeO4 and/or Na2SeO3.
5. The trace element solution of claim 1, wherein a ratio of zinc to copper is at least 4:1.
6. The trace element solution of claim 1, wherein a ratio of zinc to selenium is at least 13:1.
7. The trace element solution of claim 1, further comprising iodine.
8. The trace element solution of claim 7, wherein iodine is present in 50 mg/ml.
9. The trace element solution of claim 7, wherein the iodine is derived from to potassium iodide.
10. The trace element solution of claim 1, wherein the pH of the trace element solution is adjusted.
11. The trace element solution of claim 10, wherein the pH is adjusted by means of 30% NaOH.
12. The trace element solution of claim 10, wherein the pH is adjusted in an injectable trace element solution that is visually stable.
US18/080,474 2015-10-09 2022-12-13 Trace element solution Abandoned US20230114516A1 (en)

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US201815767002A 2018-04-09 2018-04-09
US17/069,238 US11564940B2 (en) 2015-10-09 2020-10-13 Trace element solution
US18/080,474 US20230114516A1 (en) 2015-10-09 2022-12-13 Trace element solution

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