US2021566A - Apparatus for demonstrating sacro-iliac lesions - Google Patents

Description

NOV. 19, 1935. R MlLLARD 2,021,566

APPARATUS FOR DEMONSTRATING SACRO-ILIAC LESIONS Filed Jan. '9, 1954 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 5% Q W3 I DOW INVEN TU H l /1 ATTUBNEY NOV. 19, 1935. J, R AR 2,021,566

APPARATUS FOR DEMONSTRATING SACRO-ILIAC LESIONS Filed Jan; 9, 1954 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 III/l Ill:

' I JS I l l 15 INVENTEIRI ,W W

3/2 7 ATTORNEY Nov. 1% 1935; J MILLARD 2,021,566

I ILIAC LESIONS APPARATUS FOR DEMONSTRATING SACRO- 5 S heetsSheet 3 Filed Jan. 9 1954 T03. ml-17m ,ANVEN mm Patented Nov. 19, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE APPARATUS FOR DEMONSTRATING SACRO-ILIAG LESIONS 5 Claims.

Heretofore, so far as I am aware, no apparatus has been designed for demonstrating dislocations of sacro-iliac joints to a patient in such a manner that the patient may obtain an actual picture of the nature, both quantitative and qualitative of the injuries in the sacro-iliac region. In order to do this it is necessary to provide a device which will move the sacrum in four different directions, that is, will rock it with a to and fro motion and also effect a slight -rotation on its major axis. The device also must be provided with means for causing a rotation of the innominates or hip-bones at any desired degree.

The hip-bones and the sacrum are the real foundation for all the structure above and the legs and the feet are the supports. If a sacroiliac strain, pelvic turn or wrench takes place, the bony framework of the ribs and. chest and the spine from its base to the atlas will be thrown out of correct alignment. Even the head will not be on straight if one hip is tilted. Recent investigation has shown that many ailments are caused by displacements of the hipbones and that these ailments can be corrected or alleviated by correcting the displacement. For instance arthritis is often caused by hip injuries that bring about fiat .feet and spinal curvature in the region of the kidneys. Sacroiliac strains may be caused in various manners. Quite often a person may sustain such an injury in performing his daily duties or in sports. A slip on a wet floor or fall on the hip may disable a person for some time unless correction is made. A sacro-iliac strain may cause a curvature which may thrown the ribs and chest wall on the heart side and give the patient a heart-conscious feel- This invention relates to an apparatus which will effect the movement of the sacrum and the hip-bones into any of the possible positions so that displacements of the sacrum and hip-bones may be approximately demonstrated to a patient, thus making it possible to show him or her the nature of his or her injury in this locality. With this object in view I have designed an apparatus which will support that part of the human skeleton from the hip-bones to the feet and have provided it with means for effecting the necessary rotation of the hip-bones and the movement of the sacrum into the four different directions hereinbefore mentioned.

It is contemplated that the device will be op erated by a physician, osteopath or some other person skilled in the art to which this invention relates. The skeleton which is used is preferably a prepared one, the bones of which are held together by artificial ligaments and cartilage.

In the following description I propose to describe a preferred embodiment of my invention having reference to the accompanying drawings 5 in Which:-

Fig. l is a front elevation of an apparatus constructed according to my invention;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the means for rotating the hip-bones;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view on the line 5-5 Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a view partly in section of the means 15 for eifecting the movement of the sacrum;

Fig. '7 is a sectional view on the line 1-! Fig. 1;

Fig. 8 is a front View of the device illustrated in Fig. 1 showing a skeleton mounted in position;

Fig. 9 is a side elevation of Fig. 8; and

Fig. 10 is a top plan view of Fig. 8.

Like characters of reference refer to like parts throughout the specification and drawings.

Referring first to Figs. 1, 2, and 3 the apparatus, which is shown completely assembled, con- 25 sists of a base I on which is mounted a supporting member 2 and a housing 3 which may be formed with the supporting member or separately therefrom and mounted on the top of the supporting member in any convenient manner. Two arms 4 and 5 are secured to the hous-, ing and extend outwardly therefrom in a horizontal plane and at an angle thereto towards the front of the apparatus, the forward end of each arm being provided with a bearing 6 at right angles to a shaft which is mounted in the housing 3 to be hereinafter mentioned. The outer end of the casing of each of the bearings 6 is cast to form a housing 1 for enclosing a pinion 8. The operation and use of which will be described specifically with relation to the means for efiecting the rotation of the hip-bones. The top of this housing I is provided with a bearing 8 in which is to be mounted a worm 9.

The means for effecting the movement of the sacrum is illustrated in detail in Figs. 6 and '7 and consists of the following parts which are movably supported by the housing 3. The front and rear end of the housing 3 is provided with plates l6, II respectively, the outer surface of this plate l0 having spherical faces with the point l2 shown in Fig. 6, as the center, and the plate H having a spherical convex surface with the point l2 as shown and also being provided with cross shaped slots l3, M. The point I2 is located substantially in the center of the sacrum when it (the sacrum) is attached in position as hereinafter described. Mounted Within the housing is a shaft I5 which is supported by collars I6, I'I, contacting with the plates II), II, the contacting surfaces of the collars having spherical surfaces similar to the spherical faces of the plates so that they mate. The collar I6 is secured tightly on the shaft while the collar I1 is free to move in a longitudinal direction.

The shaft I5 extends beyond the collar I6 and has mounted thereon a member I8 which is shaped to fit the sacrum and is adapted to be secured thereto by means of screws or rivets. The rear end of the shaft extends beyond the collar I1 and has mounted thereon a wheel I 9 which is keyed to the shaft against rotation on the shaft by a key 20, this end of the shaft being screw threaded to receive a locknut 2| for clamping the shaft in .any of its possible positions, this being accomplished by rotating the locknut to force the wheel against the collar IT. The spherical faces of the plates and the collars are maintainedin contact by a spring 22 which presses against the collar I1 and the wheel I9.

The means for effecting the movement of each hip-bone is illustrated in detail in Figs. 4 and 5 and consists of a. shaft 23 which is rotatably mounted in the bearing 6. The inner end of the shaft being provided with .a member 24 which has its outer surface shaped to fit the hip-bone. The outer end of the shaft has slidably mounted thereon a wheel 25 which is keyed thereto against rotation on the shaft by means of a key 26. Mounted on the shaft within the housing I is a pinion 8 which meshes with the worm 9. The outer extremity of the shaft is screw threaded and has threadably mounted thereon a locknut 28 by means of which the shaft 23 may be locked in its set position, the rotation of the shaft being effected either by the wheel 25 or if slow motion is desired by rotating the worm 9.

In Figs. 8, 9, and 10 I have shown a skeleton mounted in position, the various parts of the skeleton being indicated by the following reference numerals, 33 indicates the left hip bone and 33 indicates the right hip bone; 34 and 34 the legs; 35 and 35 the feet and 36 the sacrum. The member I8 is attached to the sacrum by means of screws or rivets while the members 24 are similarly attached to the hip bones. In Figs. 8 and 9 I have shown in dotted lines the hip bone 33 to illustrate a. displacement of this hip bone. The displacement shown in dotted lines in Figs. 8 and 9 can be returned to normal position by manual manipulation by a skilled osteopath or others skilled in this art. The three hand wheels-may be used simultaneously to show different dislocations which .are in the right and left pelvic bones and the sacrum with respect to each but tohave such a compound dislocation of the pelvic bones and sacrum would be rare and most unusual. The wheels 25 and I9 are never operated to force the bones together or apart.

Each leg of the skeleton is supported on a vertically movable platform 29 each platform being adjustably mounted on a vertically movable rod 30. The lower end of each rod enters through an orifice in the base while the upper end is connected to a link 3| which is secured to and .actuated by the member 24. The platforms may be adjusted to the correct position by the set screw 32 so that when the skeleton is placed on theplatforms the hip-bones will align with the members 24 and the sacrum with the member I8.

In employing the demonstrator, the feet of the skeleton are placed on the platforms 29 with the hip -bones in line with the members 24. The member I8 is secured to the sacrum by means of rivets or bolts and the members 24 pressed against the hip-bones. To rock the sacrum the nut 2i is loosened and the shaft I5 which slides in the slots I3, I4, is moved in a vertical plane with the po'mt I 2 as the pivot point which will give the sacrum a rocking movement. Since the shaft I5 moves on a circle with the point I2 as the center .and since this point I2 is substantially in the center of the sacrum, the screws or rivets which connect the member I8 to the sacrum will not be loosened by'this operation and when the sacrum is brought to the desired position it may be set by tightening the nut 2| which presses the collars I6 and l I tightly against the plates I0, II. To twist the sacrum from its normal position, the shaft is moved on a horizontal plane in the slot I4. Each hip-bone'may be rotated independently from its normal positions by the member 24. For example the right hip-bone may be rotated from its normal position by loosening the nut 28 located on the right side of the device which permits the shaft 23 to be turned by the wheel 25 or the worm 9 which will cause the right hip-bone to be moved by the member 24 and may then be set in position to which it has been rotated by tightening the nut 28. During the movement of the right hip-bone, 7

any relative movement of the left hip-bone is prevented by member 24 on the left side of the device which is locked in position by its nut 28. As the member 24 is rotated the platforms 29 are moved up and down to support the iegs as they are moved by the movement of the hip-bones.

Having thus fully described my invention What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A device for supporting a skeleton and demonstrating therewith dislocations of sacroiliac joints comprising a base, a supporting member extending upwardly from the base, a housing mounted on the top of said member having incorporated therewith manually operable mechanical means engaging with the sacrum, movement of said means effecting a corresponding movement of the sacrum, and manually operable mechanical means engaging with each of the hipbones for effecting a rotation of each hip-bone.

2. A device for supporting a skeleton and demonstrating therewith dislocations of sacroiliac joints comprising a base, a supporting member extending upwardly from the base, a housing mounted on the top of said member having incorporated' therewith manually operable mechanical means engaging with the sacrum, movement of said means effecting a corresponding movement of the sacrum, and manually operable mechanical means engaging with each of the hip-bones for effecting a rotation of each hipbone, and means movably supporting the legs attached to the hip-bones as they are raised and lowered by the rotation of the hip-bones 3. A device for supporting a skeleton and demonstrating therewith dislocations of sacroiliac joints comprising a base, a supporting member extending upwardly from the base, a housing mounted on the top of said member having incorporated therewith manually operable mechanical means for moving the sacrum to various positions consisting Ora shaft, one end of which is adapted for connection to the sacrum, said shaft being mounted in the housing for movement in a horizontal and vertical direction on a center point located in the sacrum, and manually operable mechanical means engaging with each of the hip-bones for effecting a rotation of each hipbone.

4. A device for supporting a skeleton and demonstrating therewith dislocations of sacroiliac joints comprising a base, a supporting member extending upwardly from the base, a housing mounted on the top of said member having incorporated therewith manually operable mechanical means for moving the sacrum to various positions consisting of a shaft, one end of which is adapted for connection to the sacrum said shaft being mounted in the housing for movement in a horizontal and vertical direction on a center point located in the sacrum, manually operable mechanical means for rotating each hip-bone consisting of a shaft rotatably supported by the housing, a member mounted on the inner end of each shaft shaped to fit and engage with the hip-bones, means for rotating said shaft to effect a movement of one of the hip-bones, means for locking said shaft in any of its possible positions; and means for movably supporting the legs attached to the hip-bones as they are raised and lowered, by the movement of the hip-bones consisting of a pair of adjustable and vertically movable platforms the movement of which is effected by the movement of the last mentioned member.

5. A device for supporting a skeleton and demonstrating therewith dislocations of sacroiliac joints comprising a base, a supporting member extending upwardly from the base, a housing mounted on the top of said member having incorporated therewith manually operable me- 5 chanical means for moving the sacrum to various positions consisting of a shaft, one end of which is adapted for connection to the sacrum, said shaft being mounted in the housing for movement in a horizontal and vertical direction on a 1 center point located in the sacrum, the mounting for said shaft consisting of a pair of plates, one secured at each end of said housing the outer surface of each plate having a spherical face concentric with the said center point, two collars 15 mounted on said shaft having spherical surfaces mating with the surfaces of said plates, manually operable mechanical means for rotating each hip-bone consisting of a shaft rotatably supported by the housing, a member mounted on the 20 inner end of each shaft shaped to fit and engage with one of the hip-bones, means for rotating said shaft to effect a movement of one of the hip-bones means for locking said shaft in any of its possible positions; and means for movably 25 supporting the legs attached to the hip-bones as they are raised and lowered by the movement of the hip-bones consisting of a pair of adjustable and vertically movable platforms the movement of which is efiected by the movement of the last 30 mentioned member.

JOHN REESOR MILLARD.

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