US2021406A - Pile fabric loom - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 19, 1935. E. J. DACEY PILE FABRIC LOOM Filed Oct. 12, 1933 3 Sheets-Sheet l .Z7ZWf/Z/2l" [awardJj/sve Nov. 19, 1935. E. J.'DACEY 2,021,406

FILE FABRIC LOOM Filed Oct. 12, 1933 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Nov. 19, 1935. A E 2,021,406

PILE FABRIC LOOM Filed Oct. 12, 1953 3 Sheets- Sheet 5 [7/357- Par Patented Nov. 19, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PILE FABRIC LOOM Crompton & Knowles Loom Works, Worcester, Mass, a corporation of Massachusetts Application October 12, 1933, Serial No. 693,331 9 Claims. (Cl. 139-8) In my co-pending application Serial No. 693,- 332 I have shown a tuft pile fabric having the pattern on the back and a method of making it. This fabric has the tufts extended around two shots of filling which are preferably one over the other and the method involves the step of beating up three shots at one time. The present invention relates to a loom for making this fabric and one object of the invention is to adapt an Axminster loom so that it can produce such a fabric.

The fabric has three shots of filling for each row of tufts and when woven on a single needle loom it is necessary to delay the complete forming of the tuft until after the laying of the second shot around which the tuft extends. The aforesaid method contemplates in part the beating of the first of this pair of picks to an intermediate position somewhat behind the fell of the cloth while the tuft yarns are projected down through the binders.

It is a further object of my invention to provide a loom so constructed that the alignment of the tuft forming yarns projecting from the tube frames will be retained during the interval between dipping of the tube frame and the final beat-up which completes the formation of the tuft. As contemplated herein, a short beat of the lay followed by a rearward stroke will fall in this interval and the aligning mechanism, which may be similar to that shown in co-pending application Serial No. 575,190, will be given a rearward motion additional to that set for the last named application for the purpose of preserving this alignment until the lay has a full beat-up stroke. So far as the present invention is concerned, however, I do not wish to be limited to this particular means of preserving the tuft alignment with the reed spaces.

Where guide plates as just described are used it is desirable that they be so controlled as topreserve the alignment of tuft yarns without interfering with the weft needle when the latter lays the third shot. This result can be accomplished by moving the guide plates rearwardly far enough to position the tuft yarns, stopping the plates before they move into the path of the needle. With this arrangement, the reed can leave the guide plates on its backward movement, the plates dwelling in their rear position until the reed on its forward stroke following the insertion of the third shot approaches the plates.

With these and other objects in view which will appear as the description proceeds, my invention resides in the combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and set forth in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein a convenient embodiment of my invention is set forth,

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a loom incorporat- 5 ing my present invention, certain parts being shown in section,

Fig. 2 is a vertical section on line 2-2 of Fig. 1, on an enlarged scale,

Fig. 3 is a detailed top plan view on an enlarged 10 scale taken in the direction of arrow 3, Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 is an enlarged detailed view showing certain parts set forth in Fig. 1,

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view showing the fabric to be woven, and 15' Figs. 6 to 11 are diagrammatic views showing the sequence of movements of certain parts of the loom.

Referring to the drawings, I have shown a transporting chain 20 which carries a series of 20' tube frames one of which is shown at 2|, and a sprocket 22 to advance the chain to present new tube frames. Declutching levers 23 one-of which is shown in Fig. 1 operate in the usual manner to release the selected tube frame from the chain 25 and move it toward tuft forming position.

Front and back knives 24 and 25, respectively, may be operated and constructed substantially as heretofore.

The lay 26 rocks about pivot 21 and has a frame 3 28 from which project upwardly the reed dents 29 of reed R. The reed itself may be of usual con.- struction although the mode of its operation is altered somewhat as set forth hereinafter.

The nose board 30 is secured to the loom frame L and has rearwardly projecting fingers 3| which are separated to define slots 32 into which the reed dents 29 may pass. Each finger may be provided with an upwardly extending hook 33 and have behind said hook an inclined face 34 shaped approximately as shown in Fig. 4.

A tuft cleaner 35 comprises a series of plates 36 each of which is located so that it can move in one of the slots 32 of the nose board and be guided thereby. These plates are carried on a bar 31 extending transversely of the loom and mounted on arms 38 which pivot about a fixed axis 39. Links 40 connected at their upper ends to bar 31 are attached at their lower ends to arms 4| rocked about fixed axis 42 by a driving arm 43. Movement of the latter to the right as shown in Fig. 1 will project the plates 36 rearwardly toward and in substantial alignment with the reed dents 29. By this arrangement guide aisles are defined for the tuft yarns Y which project from the tube frame.

The loom is provided with a cam shaft 45 which, as set forth specifically herein, makes one complete revolution for each three beats of the lay. The shaft has secured thereto a lay cam plate 46 to cooperate with a lever 41 pivoted at 48, and has also fastened thereto a second cam plate 49 to have operative relation with a lever 56 pivoted at 5| and connected by link 52 to the cleaner arm 43.

Except as mentioned hereinafter the matter thus far described may be substantially the same as set forth in the aforesaid application, No. 575,190, the tube frame presenting mechanism and the cutting devices operating preferably substantially as usual.

In carrying my invention into effect I provide the cam plate 45 with two low cams 63 and 6|, respectively, and with one high cam 62. When the shaft rotates in the direction of arrow A, Fig. 1, these cams are effective through the lever 50 to give the lay two successive short beats which leave the shots of filling behind the hooks 33, while the cam 62 acts to give the lay one full forward tuft forming movement to assume the position shown in Fig. l. The cams 60, 6| and 62 may be considered collectively as a reed actuator or reed moving means.

The second plate 49 has a cam 10 secured thereto to give the plates 36 a rearward movement at the time the tube frame is dipped, this cam 10 corresponding to a similar cam set forth in the aforesaid application. The plate 49, however, is provided with an additional cam H to control the cleaner during the third beat of the loom. It is believed that the structure and functions of the cams can best be explained in connection with the mode of operation of the loom.

At the beginning of a cycle of operations, the plates 36 are in their normal forward position lying in the slots 32 between the fingers 3|. The needle N will lay the first pick of filling F between the binder warps B and B when the reed is in rear position, after which the cam 60 will move the lay forwardly on the first of its short beats to the full line position shown in Fig. 6. This will lay the shot F behind the hooks, either lying against the nose board or near thereto. The lay will then move backwardly in the usual manner and the declutching levers 23 will present a tube frame 2| to tuft forming position. The yarn tubes T and the tuft forming yarns Y projecting therefrom will pass down between the binder warps to assume the position shown in Fig. 7.

While the tube frames are in their low position, the plates 36 will be projected rearwardly by cam 10, the efiect of which is to align the color yarns with respect to the spaces between the plates and reed dents. The plates 36 are moved far enough to the rear to insure correct alignment of the tuft yarns, after which the tube frame is raised to the position shown in Fig. 8.

A new shed is preferably then formed and the needle lays the second shot of filling F the reed being in rear position and plates 36 aligning the tuft yarns.

The lay will again be given a short forward beat, this time by cam 6|, to assume the position indicated in Fig. 8. During the forward movement of the reed on this second beat, the reed dents will approach plates 36, after which the latter will move forwardly close enough to the reed to define the aforesaid'guide aisles. If as a result of the forward movement of the plates any of the tuft yarns should tend to bend laterally, they will be prevented from doing so by the aligning reed dents. On this second short beat, therefore, the tuft yarns are held in alignment despite the forward motion of plates 36.

When the lay is in the forward position shown in Fig. 8 the tuft yarns are pinched between the first and the second shots of filling and the tube frame can be raised to pull off yarn for the next tuft forming operation. After pulling off, the knives may sever the tufts from the tube frame, leaving the parts as shown in Fig. 9. The tuft yarns are now free from the tube frame, but their lower ends are restrained against improper lateral displacement, by either the plates 36 or dents 29.

The lay will now start to move backwardly and the cam 10 is so formed that the plates 36 will follow the reed dents, preserving the aforesaid guide aisles until the plates are far enough rearwa-rdly to exercise control over the tuft yarns without the assistance of the dents. Beyond this point the plates need not move and can be kept stationary by an appropriate dwell 13 on cam 10. It is desirable to have this separation between the plates and the dents so that room may be provided for. the third movement of the needle to lay pick F When the needle is retracted from the shed, and while the plates 36 are held rearwar-dly by the dwell, the reed will advance until the guide aisles are again established by close proximity of the dents with ret-spect to the plates, after which both of these will move forwardly, passing through the position rhown in Fig. 10.

On this third forward movement of the lay, however, the reed dents will be given their extreme or full beat by the large cam 62 the effect of which will be to move all three shots 'of filling, together with the tuft yarns, up the inclined surfaces 34 and over the hooks 33 to assume the position shown in Fig. 11. It is during this movement that the tuft yarn. has its lower end bent first rearwardly and then upwardly to form the tuft as the shots of filling pass over the hooks.

It is desirable that the plates 36 remain in guiding relation with respect to the tufts until all of the latter are located between the reed dents, after which the plates may be moved to their normal forward position inasmuch as their guiding function for that cycle is completed.

The mechanism set forth hereinbefore acts to produce the type of fabric shown in Fig. 5. Various forms of fabric may be made so far as manipulation of binder and stufier warps are concerned, but as shown in Fig. 5 a stuffer S lies below the shots F and F but above the shots F thereby defining a two-plane fabric. The binders B and. B may be interlaced with the shots of filling and define sheds with themselves and also with the stuffer, the binder B passing over the shots F and under the shots F and F while the binder B passes under shots F and over shots F and F When the fabric is beaten up tightly the shots F hold the tufts against the shots F I do not wish to be limited, however, to the particular arrangement of warp threads set forth in Fig. 5.

It is to be understood that the plates 36 and the reed dents 29 are so manipulated between the dipping of the tuft yarns into the binders and the point in the cycle at which the bottom of the tufts begin to move upwardly along the surface 34 as to keep the said tuft yarns properly aligned. To effect this result it may not be essential to'establish actual contact between the reed dents and the plates although close proximity of these parts is desirable. Also, although two different cams have been described for operating the plates, yet the purpose of the invention will be served if a single cam having surfaces similar to cams ill and H will sufice. So far as certain features of my invention are concerned the particular means of preserving alignment of the tuft yarns set forth herein need not be necessarily employed, and it may be stated further that alfi though single shots have been described as being laid in succession, yet so far as certain features of my invention are concerned the second and third shots need not necessarily be laid one after the other.

From the foregoing it will be seen that I have provided means for adapting an Axminster loom so that it will weave a fabric having the tuft yarn appearing on the back and extending around two shots of filling which are preferably located one over the other. This result is achieved by beating the two shots of filling around which the tuft is looped to the fell at the same time. As set forth herein the nose board is for the purpose of forming the tuft, but I do not wish to. be limited to this particular way of bending the lower part of the tuft yarns upwardly, since certain features of my invention are independent of the particular method used for bending the tuft yarns. It will also be seen that mechanism is provided for beating three shots of filling together with the tuft yarns to the fell on the same beat of the lay. Furthermore, when the guide aisles are used as one specific mechanism for forming the tufts devices are provided for causing them to retain the alignment of the tuft yarns during the several back and forth movements of the reed which follow dipping of the tube frame but precede the full forward stroke.

Having thus described my invention it will be seen that changes and modifications may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and I do not wish to be limited to the details herein disclosed, but what I claim is:

1. In an Axminster loom operating with a tube frame having tuft yarns extending therefrom, a reed, a nose board having hooks, means to give the reed a short motion to beat a. shot of filling to a position behind the nose board, means to thereafter move the tube frame to place the tuft yarns in tufting position behind said shot of filling, means thereafter operative to give the reed a second short motion to beat a second shot of filling to a position behind the tuft yarn while the latter is behind the nose board, means then operative to sever the tuft yarns from the tube frame, and means operative thereafter to give the reed a lorm motion to cause the reed to beat a third shot of filling behind the tuft yarns, and effective thereafter to beat all of the shots of filling and tuft yarns over the hooks on the same beat of the loom.

2. In an Axminster loom operating with warp threads to form sheds, a reed, a nose board having hooks, a set of tuft forming yarns, a needle to lay three shots of filling for each cycle of the loom, means to give the reed a short beat to move the first shot to a position behind the nose board, mechanism thereafter effective to move the tuft yarns to a position behind the first shot, other means to give the reed a second short beat after the second shot is laid to place the latter behind the tuft yarns in one shed, and additional means to give the reed a long beat after the third shot is laid in a different shed to move all three shots {5 and the tuft yarns over the nose board at the same time, said long beat effective to move the tuft yarns under and behind the second and third shots as said yarns pass over the nose board.

3. In an 'Axminster loom having warp threads, a nose board having hooks, means to lay three different shots of filling in succession, a reed, means to present tuft yarns between the warps after the first shot is laid, and means to move the reed to beat the first two shots'of filling to positions behind the hooks, said last means operative thereafter to simultaneously move all three shots of filling and tuft yarns to a position in front of the hooks relatively to the nose board to bend the tuft yarns around the second and third shots.

4. In an Axminster loom having warp threads, a nose board having hooks, means to insert three successive shots of filling, a reed, means to present tuft yarns between the warps after the first shot is laid, a reed actuator to cause the reed to move the first shot to a position behind the hooks, means to present tuft yarns behind the first shot, the reed actuator thereafter effective through the reed to'move the second shot of filling against the tuft yarns and place said second shot temporarily at a point behind the hooks, and the reed actuator operative thereafter through the reed to move the third shot as well as the first and second shots forwardly over the hooks on the same beat of the loom to bend the tuft yarns around the second and third shots.

5. In an Axminster loom having warp threads,

a reed, means to lay three successive shots of filling, a nose board having hooks, means to present tuft yarns between the warps after the first shot is laid, means to give the reed two successive short forward beating up motions to leave the first two shots and tuft yarns behind the hooks, and means to give the reed a third long beating up motion to move all three shots and tuft yarns to positions in front of the hooks to bend the tuft yarns around the second and third shots.

6. In an Axminster loom having warp threads, means to lay three successive shots of filling, a nose board having hooks, a reed, means to present tuft yarns between the warps after the first shot is laid, and means to give said reed a cycle of three successive beating up motions, said means effective togive the reed two short beating up motions which leave the first two shots of filling and tuft yarns behind the hooks, and said means thereafter effective to give the reed a long beatup motion to move the third shot together with the first and second shots and tuft yarns to positions in front of the hooks to bend the tuft yarns around the second and third shots.

'7. In an Axminster loom having Warp threads, means to lay three successive shots of filling, a nose board having hooks, a reed, means to present tuft yarns between the warps after the first shot is laid, and a set of three cam elements operatively related to the reed, said set completing its cycle of operation in three beats of the loom, each of the first two cam elements of the set effective to give the reed a short beat-up motion to leave the first and second shots of filling and tuft yarns behind the hooks, and the third cam element to give the reed a long beat-up motion to move all three shots of filling and tuft yarns to "positions in front of the hooks to bend the tuft yarns around the second and third shots.

8. In an Axminster loom having warp threads, a nose board having hooks, means to lay three successive shots of filling, a reed to beat up the shots of filling, means to present tuft yarns between the warps after the first shot is laid, a rotating member completing a revolution every third beat of the loom, two low cams on said rotating member operative successively to give the reed two short beat-up motions to place the first and second shots of filling and tuft yarns behind the hooks, and the third cam efiective to give the reed a long stroke to move all three shots of filling and tuft yarns to positions in front of the hooks to bend the tuft yarns around the second or third shots.

9. In an Axminster loom, a nose board having hooks, means to lay three different shots of filling, a reed, means to cause the reed to give the first shot of filling a partial beat-up to a position behind the hooks, means to dip tuft forming 5 yarns after the laying of the first shot, means to cause the reed to give the second shot of filling a partial beat-up to place the same against the tuft yarns and behind the hooks, and additional means operative after the laying of the third shot 10 in front of the hooks and effective in cooperation 15 with the hooks to bend the tuft yarns under and up behind the second and third shots.

EDWARD J. DACEY.

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