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US20190346698A1 - Computer-implemented method for determining centration parameters - Google Patents

Computer-implemented method for determining centration parameters Download PDF

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Publication number
US20190346698A1
US20190346698A1 US16/519,562 US201916519562A US2019346698A1 US 20190346698 A1 US20190346698 A1 US 20190346698A1 US 201916519562 A US201916519562 A US 201916519562A US 2019346698 A1 US2019346698 A1 US 2019346698A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
spectacle frame
computer
spectacle
images
camera
Prior art date
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Abandoned
Application number
US16/519,562
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English (en)
Inventor
Claudia Nieuwenhuis
Oliver Schwarz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carl Zeiss Vision International GmbH
Carl Zeiss AG
Original Assignee
Carl Zeiss Vision International GmbH
Carl Zeiss AG
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Filing date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=57909541&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=US20190346698(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Carl Zeiss Vision International GmbH, Carl Zeiss AG filed Critical Carl Zeiss Vision International GmbH
Publication of US20190346698A1 publication Critical patent/US20190346698A1/en
Assigned to CARL ZEISS AG reassignment CARL ZEISS AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: NIEUWENHUIS, Claudia
Assigned to CARL ZEISS VISION GMBH reassignment CARL ZEISS VISION GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SCHWARZ, OLIVER
Assigned to CARL ZEISS VISION INTERNATIONAL GMBH reassignment CARL ZEISS VISION INTERNATIONAL GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CARL ZEISS VISION GMBH
Priority to US17/105,980 priority Critical patent/US11480816B2/en
Priority to US17/822,557 priority patent/US11789295B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C13/00—Assembling; Repairing; Cleaning
    • G02C13/003—Measuring during assembly or fitting of spectacles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C13/00—Assembling; Repairing; Cleaning
    • G02C13/003—Measuring during assembly or fitting of spectacles
    • G02C13/005—Measuring geometric parameters required to locate ophtalmic lenses in spectacles frames
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C7/00—Optical parts
    • G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
    • G02C7/024—Methods of designing ophthalmic lenses
    • G02C7/027—Methods of designing ophthalmic lenses considering wearer's parameters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/50—Depth or shape recovery
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/60—Analysis of geometric attributes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/70—Determining position or orientation of objects or cameras
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/97—Determining parameters from multiple pictures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/56—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof provided with illuminating means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/90—Arrangement of cameras or camera modules, e.g. multiple cameras in TV studios or sports stadiums
    • H04N5/2256—
    • H04N5/247—
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
    • G06T2207/30196—Human being; Person
    • G06T2207/30201—Face

Definitions

  • the disclosure relates to a computer-implemented method for determining centration parameters, in particular for fitting spectacle lenses to a given spectacle frame and to the head of the subject, and/or for centring spectacle lenses, wherein at least two images of the head of the subject wearing a spectacle frame, which are calibrated to one another and recorded from different recording directions, are provided.
  • Centration parameters are used to correctly arrange or centre spectacle lenses in a spectacle frame, such that the spectacle lenses are arranged at the correct position relative to the eyes of the spectacles-wearing person.
  • these are in part anatomical parameters of the relevant person such as the interpupillary distance, in part purely frame-specific parameters such as the frame disk width or the frame disc height and in part combinations of anatomical and frame-specific parameters, such as the vertex distance and the fitting point height.
  • An overview of conventional centration parameters is provided in DIN EN ISO 13666, dated October 2013.
  • this object is achieved by a computer-implemented method wherein a three-dimensional model for the spectacle lenses to be received in the spectacle frame is fitted to the geometric parameters describing the geometry of the spectacle frame.
  • a three-dimensional model for the spectacle lenses to be received in the spectacle frame is fitted to the geometric parameters describing the geometry of the spectacle frame.
  • planes or linear combinations of surfaces of n-th order are fitted to the parameters describing the geometry of the spectacle frame as an approximation for the surfaces of the spectacle lenses to be received in the spectacle frame and centration parameters are calculated from the geometric parameters describing the position of the eyes from the geometric parameters describing the geometry of the spectacle frame and from the three-dimensional model.
  • the disclosure is based on the concept of providing a simplified model for the spectacle lenses to be received in the spectacle frame by virtue of parameters describing the geometry of the spectacle frame and, in particular, parameters describing nasal and/or temporal frame edges being ascertained and the model for the spectacle lenses being fitted to these parameters.
  • the frame edges can be approximated by straight lines.
  • the calibration thereof comprises the extrinsic properties of the cameras recording the images or the camera recording the images in succession, such as the relative alignment of their optical axes and the relative alignment with respect to one another in space, and their intrinsic properties, i.e., the properties of the cameras themselves, which define how a point in space, which is situated in the internal coordinate system of the respective camera, is mapped onto the coordinates of the pixels of the recorded image.
  • a detailed description of the calibration of cameras is found in the textbook entitled “Multiple View Geometry in Computer Vision” by Richard Hartley and Andrew Zisserman, 2nd edition, Cambridge University Press 2004, and, in particular, on page 8 therein.
  • Geometric position determination is used to ascertain not only geometric parameters describing the position of the eyes from the images but also geometric parameters describing the geometry of the spectacle frame. Moreover, a three-dimensional model for the spectacle lenses to be received in the spectacle frame is fitted to the geometric parameters describing the geometry of the spectacle frame. The geometric parameters describing the position of the eyes, the geometric parameters describing the geometry of the spectacle frame and the three-dimensional model are used, as alternatives to one another or in combination, for the purposes of calculating the centration parameters.
  • An exemplary embodiment of the method provides for planes or linear combinations of surfaces of n-th order, in particular of at least one plane and/or at least one paraboloid, to be fitted to the parameters describing the nasal and/or temporal frame edges as an approximation for the surfaces of the spectacle lenses to be received in the spectacle frame.
  • the parameters describing the nasal and temporal frame edges are ascertained by means of epipolar geometry and/or by means of triangulation.
  • At least three calibrated images of the head which are recorded at the same time from different recording directions, to be provided, with a frontal image imaging the head from the front and a lateral image in each case imaging the head from the left and from the right.
  • the recording directions of the lateral images each expediently include an angle of at least 60 degrees, e.g., 90° ⁇ 10°, with the recording direction of the frontal image.
  • the frontal and lateral images need not overlap in the method according to the disclosure. Regions of the images possibly overlapping with one another are expediently not used for determining the centration parameters.
  • the position of the corneal vertex in space, determined to a first approximation is subjected to a correction calculation.
  • the type of correction calculation then depends on the way in which the position of the corneal vertex in space is determined to the first approximation.
  • the position of the corneal vertex in space prefferably be determined to a first approximation as a point of intersection of a view ray, tangential to the cornea, from a lateral camera recording the lateral image with a view ray, directed onto the pupil, from a frontal camera recording the frontal image.
  • a reflection-based evaluation by virtue of a flash being produced, typically by means of an LED, when recording the images, wherein the position of the corneal vertex in space is determined to a first approximation as the position of the reflection point of the flash on the cornea.
  • the plus sign in the x-direction should be applied when the corneal vertex of the left eye from the view of the subject is detected; the minus sign should be applied to the right eye from the view of the subject.
  • the plus sign should be applied when the light source emitting the flash is positioned at a lower height than the frontal camera; the minus sign should be applied when it is assembled at a greater height.
  • the pupil or the reflection point is detected by means of feature extraction and/or feature matching (feature comparison) and/or by means of machine learning by comparison with a multiplicity of data known in advance.
  • This method step may be preceded by a face detection and/or a detection of facial features such as the eyes as a pre-processing step, in which there is a detection in respect of which image data belong to the face of the subject such that only these data are included in the detection.
  • the computer-implemented method according to the disclosure is carried out using an apparatus for calculating the position of the corneal vertex as described in detail below.
  • the centration parameters may typically be used for centring a spectacle lens in a spectacle frame and/or for grinding a spectacle lens into a spectacle frame.
  • the at least one spectacle lens is centred in the spectacle frame using the centration parameters determined or the at least one spectacle lens is ground on the basis of the determined centration parameters for an arrangement in the spectacle frame. In this way, it is possible to produce spectacle lenses and spectacles.
  • FIG. 1A shows an apparatus for determining centration parameters in a perspective view
  • FIG. 1B shows an apparatus for determining centration parameters in a view from the front
  • FIG. 2 shows an illustration of the correction calculation in the case of a pupil-based determination of the position of the corneal vertex
  • FIG. 3A shows an illustration of the correction calculation in the case of a reflection-based determination of the position of the corneal vertex relating to a correction in the x-direction
  • FIG. 3B shows an illustration of the correction calculation in the case of a reflection-based determination of the position of the corneal vertex relating to a correction in the y-direction
  • FIG. 4A shows a view from the front of a head wearing spectacles with approximated frame edges projected thereon
  • FIG. 4B shows a view from the side of a head wearing spectacles with approximated frame edges projected thereon
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic illustration of approximately determined lens planes.
  • the apparatus 10 illustrated in the drawing serves to determine centration parameters for fitting spectacles. It has a column 12 which, in a height-adjustable manner, carries a camera carrier 14 which, in turn, carries a number of cameras 16 a , 16 b . In a plan view, the camera carrier 14 is bent into an approximately circular shape and it extends between two free ends 18 which are arranged at a distance from one another. An inner face 20 of the camera carrier 14 encloses an interior 22 , in which the head of a subject is situated when images are recorded by the cameras 16 a , 16 b , to the front, i.e., towards the column 12 , and to the sides.
  • the inner face 20 is bent in a concave manner and it has, for example, the form of a portion of a lateral face of a cylinder, wherein a cylinder may have a circular or oval base.
  • a lifting device is arranged in the column 12 in order to be able to position the camera carrier 14 at the correct height in relation to the head of the subject, it being possible to move the camera carrier 14 up-and-down in a motor-driven manner by way of the lifting device.
  • All cameras 16 a , 16 b are arranged in a camera arrangement 26 that extends between the free ends 18 .
  • the camera arrangement 26 is embodied as a camera row 26 , the cameras 16 a , 16 b of which are all situated at the same height, with their optical axis being directed into the interior 22 .
  • the camera row 26 comprises a frontal camera 16 a arranged in the centre of the camera carrier 14 , the optical axis of the frontal camera being directed frontally onto the face of the subject, and eight lateral cameras 16 b that are arranged symmetrically in pairs in respect of a perpendicular plane of symmetry extending through the optical axis of the frontal camera 16 a , four of the lateral cameras being directed onto the face of the subject from the left and four being directed onto the face of the subject from the right in each case.
  • the cameras 16 a , 16 b are calibrated in such a way that they are able to record calibrated images of the subject at the same time.
  • the calibration comprises the extrinsic properties, such as the relative alignment of the optical axes and the relative arrangement with respect to one another in space, and their intrinsic properties, i.e., the properties of the cameras themselves, which define how a point in space, which is situated in the internal coordinate system of the respective camera, is mapped onto the coordinates of the pixels of the recorded image.
  • the camera carrier 14 only encloses the interior 22 to the front, towards the column 12 , and to the sides, i.e., to the left and right of the head of the subject.
  • the interior is open, wherein the free ends 18 have a distance from one another of at least 25 cm such that the subject can comfortably approach from the rear side.
  • the distance is 70 to 80 cm in the shown exemplary embodiment.
  • an illumination device having an upper light strip 32 extending above the camera row 26 and a lower light strip 34 extending below the camera row 26 , the light strips having a multiplicity of LEDs as lighting means in each case.
  • the upper light strip 32 and the lower light strip 34 each extend, continuously or with interruptions, over a length which is at least as long at the length of the length of the camera row 26 as measured in the circumferential direction between the free ends 18 . This corresponds to a circumferential angle of at least 160 degrees.
  • the upper light strip 32 and the lower light strip 34 are connected to one another, in each case by a further light strip 36 that extends in the vertical direction.
  • the camera row 26 is framed in the entirety thereof by at least one row of LEDs.
  • the apparatus 10 moreover has an open-loop or closed-loop control device, not illustrated in any more detail in the drawing, by means of which the light intensity emitted by the LEDs can be controlled or regulated depending on the light intensity detected by the cameras 16 a , 16 b .
  • the LEDs of the light strips 32 , 34 , 36 are combined into sectors, the emitted light intensities of which can be controlled or regulated separately from one another.
  • provision is made for the light intensities emitted by the individual LEDs also to be able to be controlled or regulated separately from one another with the open-loop or closed-loop control device.
  • the two lateral cameras 16 b closest to the frontal camera 16 a are configured to measure the distance of the head of the subject from the centre 38 of the camera carrier 14 .
  • the subject is shown whether or not they are standing correctly by means of a display unit, which is not displayed in any more detail.
  • the display unit has a plurality of differently coloured light sources arranged in a row. The central light source lights up green when the subject stands correctly.
  • a fixation device 42 arranged at the camera carrier 14 is provided, the fixation device producing a fixation pattern in the form of a speckle pattern for the subject.
  • the fixation pattern is arranged slightly higher than the frontal camera 16 a so that the subject peers over the latter. In this way, their face can be recorded to the greatest possible extent.
  • the apparatus 10 is also suited, in particular, to produce an avatar of the head of the subject, which may be used for determining the centration parameters.
  • calibrated images of the head of the subject without spectacles or spectacle frame are recorded by the cameras 16 a , 16 b .
  • a depth profile of the head which images the latter very well as an approximation, is created from the images by means of a suitable process for geometric position determination, such as triangulation.
  • the head is imaged by a multiplicity of points which can be connected to one another with a mesh pattern or else be stored as a point cloud.
  • the avatar thus ascertained may be used to determine centration parameters which cannot be determined, or can only be determined approximately, on account of the geometric properties of the spectacles or the spectacle frame worn by the subject.
  • a wide frame side may cover the eye in a lateral recording to such an extent that the vertex distance cannot be determined or can only be determined very inaccurately.
  • tinted or strongly reflecting spectacles may not allow the eyes to be identified, or only be identified very poorly.
  • the depth profile of the avatar is projected onto the images, recorded by the cameras 16 a , 16 b , of the subject wearing the spectacles or spectacle frame and the centration parameters, which can only be determined very unsatisfactorily on account of the sight being restricted by the spectacles or spectacle frame, are determined by means of the image data of the avatar.
  • the avatar may be fitted to the images of the subject wearing the spectacles or spectacle frame.
  • the above-described apparatus 10 can be used as follows for both a pupil-based detection of a corneal vertex and for a reflection-based detection of a corneal vertex in both eyes of the subject.
  • the position of the corneal vertex in space is initially determined to a first approximation as the point of intersection q of a first view ray 52 , tangential to the cornea 50 , from one of the lateral cameras 16 b recording a lateral image of the subject with a second view ray 56 , directed onto the pupil 54 , from a frontal camera 16 a recording a frontal image of the subject.
  • ⁇ is an empirical value for the distance between the pupil centre and the corneal vertex, which typically assumes values between 2.5 mm and 4 mm.
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B Two correction calculations have to be undertaken in the reflection-based determination of the position of the corneal vertex according to FIGS. 3A and 3B , wherein the first correction calculation ( FIG. 3A ) relates to a correction in the x-direction and the second correction ( FIG. 3B ) relates to a correction in the y-direction.
  • These spatial directions are set by an internal coordinate system of the frontal camera 16 a , which has its origin in the optical centre of the front camera 16 a .
  • the z-direction is set by the recording direction of the frontal camera 16 a
  • the x-direction is a direction which extends horizontally and orthogonally with respect to the z-direction and which points to the right when observed in the direction of the latter
  • the y-direction extends orthogonally to the x-direction and to the z-direction and points upward in space.
  • a flash is emitted by means of a light source, an LED 58 in the present case, the reflection of the flash on the cornea being detected by the frontal camera 16 a and at least one of the lateral cameras 16 b and forming the first approximation for the position of the corneal vertex in space.
  • the reflection point is denoted “approx”.
  • r is an empirical value for the corneal radius, which is typically approximately 8 mm.
  • x and z are the coordinates in the x- and z-directions.
  • r is the empirical value for the corneal radius
  • d is the distance of the optical centre of the frontal camera 16 a from the reflection point approx in the z-direction
  • v is the distance of the LED 58 from the optical centre of the frontal camera 16 a in the z-direction
  • l is the distance of the LED 58 from the optical centre of the frontal camera 16 a in the y-direction.
  • the plus sign is used when the LED 58 is arranged below the frontal camera 16 a , i.e., if the y-coordinate of the LED 58 is smaller than the y-coordinate of the frontal camera 16 a or of the optical centre of the latter.
  • the minus sign is used if the LED is arranged above the frontal camera 16 a.
  • the pupil or the reflection point approx can be detected, for example, by means of feature extraction and/or feature matching and/or by means of machine learning by comparison with a multiplicity of data known in advance.
  • This detection step can be preceded by a step in which a face detector identifies which pixels belong to the face of the subject or to their eye area such that there can already be a restricted search for the pupil or the reflection point approx.
  • the position of the corneal vertex in space is used for determining the centration parameters when fitting the spectacles.
  • geometric parameters describing the geometry of the spectacle frame are ascertained by geometric position determination, in particular by triangulation or epipolar geometry.
  • the parameters comprise the nasal and temporal frame edges 60 , 62 , as indicated in FIGS. 4A and 4B in exemplary fashion.
  • Planes 64 are fitted to the parameters describing the nasal and temporal frame edges 60 , 62 , as an approximation for the surfaces of the spectacle lenses to be received in the spectacle frame.
  • FIG. 5 schematically shows the planes 64 in front of the respective, approximately represented cornea 66 with schematically illustrated visual beams 68 of the cameras 16 a , 16 b .
  • the centration parameters are calculated from the data obtained.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Eyeglasses (AREA)
US16/519,562 2017-01-27 2019-07-23 Computer-implemented method for determining centration parameters Abandoned US20190346698A1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US17/105,980 US11480816B2 (en) 2017-01-27 2020-11-27 Computer-implemented method for determining centration parameters
US17/822,557 US11789295B2 (en) 2017-01-27 2022-08-26 Computer-implemented method for determining centration parameters

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EP17153559.4 2017-01-27
EP17153559.4A EP3355102B1 (fr) 2017-01-27 2017-01-27 Procédé mis en uvre par ordinateur destiné à déterminer des paramètres de centrage
PCT/EP2018/051841 WO2018138206A1 (fr) 2017-01-27 2018-01-25 Procédé mis en oeuvre par ordinateur pour déterminer des paramètres de centrage

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PCT/EP2018/051841 Continuation WO2018138206A1 (fr) 2017-01-27 2018-01-25 Procédé mis en oeuvre par ordinateur pour déterminer des paramètres de centrage

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US17/105,980 Active US11480816B2 (en) 2017-01-27 2020-11-27 Computer-implemented method for determining centration parameters
US17/822,557 Active US11789295B2 (en) 2017-01-27 2022-08-26 Computer-implemented method for determining centration parameters

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US17/822,557 Active US11789295B2 (en) 2017-01-27 2022-08-26 Computer-implemented method for determining centration parameters

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EP (2) EP3355102B1 (fr)
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US11758115B2 (en) 2018-03-14 2023-09-12 tooz technologies GmbH Method for the user-specific calibration of a display apparatus, wearable on the head of a user, for an augmented presentation
US11915381B2 (en) 2017-07-06 2024-02-27 Carl Zeiss Ag Method, device and computer program for virtually adjusting a spectacle frame

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EP3413122B1 (fr) 2017-06-08 2020-03-04 Carl Zeiss Vision International GmbH Procédé, dispositif et programme informatique destinés à déterminer un point de vue proche
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US11480816B2 (en) 2017-01-27 2022-10-25 Carl Zeiss Vision International Gmbh Computer-implemented method for determining centration parameters
US11789295B2 (en) 2017-01-27 2023-10-17 Carl Zeiss Vision International Gmbh Computer-implemented method for determining centration parameters
US11915381B2 (en) 2017-07-06 2024-02-27 Carl Zeiss Ag Method, device and computer program for virtually adjusting a spectacle frame
US11758115B2 (en) 2018-03-14 2023-09-12 tooz technologies GmbH Method for the user-specific calibration of a display apparatus, wearable on the head of a user, for an augmented presentation

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US20210080758A1 (en) 2021-03-18
EP3574371B1 (fr) 2021-03-24
US11480816B2 (en) 2022-10-25
EP3574371A1 (fr) 2019-12-04
US20220404645A1 (en) 2022-12-22
EP3355102A1 (fr) 2018-08-01
US11789295B2 (en) 2023-10-17
CN110235052A (zh) 2019-09-13
WO2018138206A1 (fr) 2018-08-02
EP3355102B1 (fr) 2025-11-26
CN110235052B (zh) 2021-05-04

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