US2018341A - Rotary compressor - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 22, 1935. H. M. BADGER 2,018,341

ROTARY COMPRESSOR Filed Aug. l2. 1953 5 Sheets-Sheet l Harry Maafyer Chlo". wea.,

Oct. 22, 1935. H, M, BADGER` 2,018,341

ROTARY COMPRESSOR Filed Aug. l2, 1953 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patentedl 22,l 1935'v UNlTEDIsTATEs PATENT OFFICE 3 claims. (c1. 23o-207) This invention relates to rotary pumps or compressors of the type having a generally cylindrical casing within which is eccentrically mounted a revolving piston or roll of lesser diameter than 5 the cylinder wall, the crescent-shaped space between the cylinder and piston being divided, upon each revolution of the eccentric, into a suction compartment and a compression compartment by a partition which may be in the form of a blade. My improved pump is especially adapted for use as a compressor in refrigerating apparatus, but it is not specifically limited to that use. A general aim of the invention-is to provide an improved and. simplied arrangement whereby vthe surfaces between the relatively movingparts between the parts and to provide an effective seal against the medium within the compressioncom-I partment flowing -backinto the inlet or suction compartment during the operation of the pump.

A further aim of the invention is to provide a rotary compressor with an improved arrangement for not only supplying a lubricant to the piston and cylinder walls, but also for maintaining the 'various bearing surfaces between the parts of the compressor in properlylubricated condition, the lubrication being effected by the essential parts of the compressor necessary for the primary pumping operation and without the use of any additional moving parts or instrumentalities in the way of auxiliary pumping devices, valves, unloading devices, et cetera.

A further aim of the invention. is to provide in 'a rotary compressor an improved lubricating system.A having the above and other advantages and which is particularly characterized by its extreme simplicity in arrangement, the cheapness with which it may be incorporated in a compressor, and by its eiiiciency and reliability in operation. f

Other objects will be in part obvious, and in part pointed out more in detail hereinafter.

,The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combination of elementsy the scope oi vthe .application of which will be indicated in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein I have shown, for 11".' LrativeE ,.zrposes, one embodiment which the present invention may take, l

Fig. 1 is a certain vertical section through my improved arrangement, this view being taken substantially on line I-I of Fig. 2;

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view taken substantially online 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view through the compressonthe same being taken substantially on line 3 3 of Fig. 2; l

Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view through the compressor, this view being taken substantially 16 on line 4-4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a detail view of the discharge valve; and f Fig. 6 vis a view similar to Fig. 4 but showing the rotary piston in its second quarter position.

Referring to the drawings in detail, A denotes generally an 4oil case having a body portion I0 and a cap or head `portion I2, the casing being apparatus, for example. The high pressure sideof theV oil case has an outlet I6 to which may be 30 connected a pipe leading, for example, to the condensing means of the refrigerating apparatus. Other parts lof the refrigerating apparatus aside `from the compressor unit are not illustrated, as

they form 'no part of the present invention. 35 'Ihe compressor B includes a casing comprising a body member or cylinder I1 to the opposite ends of which are secured plates i8 and I9 respectively provided with centrally disposed and alined bearing sleeves or bushings 2I and 22 in 40 which the eccentric shaft 23 is journaled. This eccentric shaft, as usual, has an eccentric portion 24 on which is mounted for relatively rotary movement a generally cylindrical piston 25 of lesser diameter than the bore of the cylinder I1. The piston is substantially tangentially arranged with respect to the cylinder wall, and this point of tangency progresses about the cylinder wall when the eccentric is turned, there being opposed to the point of tangency a crescent-shaped space. The compressor is provided with an inlet port 26 which communicates at its outer or upper end with the upper portion of the low pressure chamber I3 o f the oil case. II'he compressor also has, closely adjacent to the inlet 26 but angularly 65 spaced therefrom, a valved outlet, and while this outlet may take any suitable form, it is here shown as including a notch 21 in the cylinder wall and a port 28 leading from the notch through the end wall I9. Between the inlet port 26 and the outlet 21 and adapted to divide the crescentshaped space between the cylinder and the piston into an intake compartment and a compression compartment Sii is a suitable partition, 10 which is here shown as being in the form of a INH imp

the bottom of the notch 34 behind the blade Il. and during the remaining portion the port willbe blanked by the piston. 'I'he passage 50 is fo ed, in part, by a pipe 50' the lower end of which ex tends downy into the body of lubricant in the 5 lower portion of the chamber I3. 'I'he eccentric shaft has a longitudinally extending bore or hole- 52 which is parallel to, butl offset slightly from. .the axis of the shaft in order to balancethe,

shaft. The longitudinally extending bore 52 is 10 i tamwscae'mh'maturmsrsmclm a/'Iwhime muzi-H i irlmlmwuirtinriltll lliflueqmqshisaveleinliiflniln rilei iiliiirm mumtctiediim anooyimuclnhmul aliiliiuir, ttul! a epplpzrm :mi 'Jil 1li! .lei :cammini o mi: di ming lh' iii li lilwiviwm wl nifherleiduii l i i161 ntaimrzy: inistr lli n: ,al u li'il ii :what sticht( i ii ii xhoiiaclel ll1i1l lla'. clp'nme .'cil 1li .anonym i ii! lil: ai lid: ziminln if rnro: lili 'mhh :mmol mil 1f] lla: e: umh: i. iii iii:4 mi lol-1p xrdjnhilifrrp mi] ller ezcelsn'liai z .l '.'id leclclclpB-l: tricis' nim. lh: m o l( ilil :dole li il :buildin g': 'omi li; :icl ibi rc1 r i il itin' blubb :mint: im lsintmoi s eitenmi mi lons] mit .'amdl d i! i ttiilla ewes( I1 l il mil lill l. lil Islaam :islaam .kill :ticle i il ile ileiinig .nl t t nifl lau laelnlln gli incise i .ili'enoilotl 'icl :i-f s :untitled l iilt'ti lili :ih lslanraulmomz .il ilzim Liri lo'nrl :ist: i t :lin infr ni. `ai sti-.11i o ii t'nid lp; ,statu :il lla: o uiiilii uirtclii iii (seal lil; :i I. sib .hlnlnlde n 9i irtiil lei :eenrimtz': l; lid lielinlzi 2 ii i :clnbrtlils .uncmirezcletuhaiislaii llzllnllcixznmmuoiw-a- .im mlnlixt rtm1 n :rich: d lill l: 1 ni .ill llt: clinton ne llr. ova-i 1i 1g g: myn y; 'mm1 n 11d ibi alim :i e t ptit itl laf. o lurk iii'f. lll at: .1 millards :in .im 1:1 115i un :ttohi 1i ii lll altdhlil d lull e1 lb'xm'i el Ill l :mi rii .al1 s :secon d .ilnilb` .'c t1 nifl uelilsl'cai `ci l 1f] lief ri'otyr si l l' nippon; it iiil 131 lioilap :lo: 't l iii iii/.zlib i iilbiairnicllb n zii ltni :lptatiil n .l :1 s :alunni t 1i :lI1 Lffi gli :E itlih a uilrtili ci mili :til iii i 'iilvliiili )mmmunii n 'iivillgnl niet c lulrmc': edil 'up :mmol Si il i :il ii i lol; E roemxrii nl rail t nifl le: [niet: m iik li1 lmi m li-n spaced betweenl the piston and the cylinder.' The i' ton. This pocket will hold a drop or two of oil.

With the lubricating arrangement described, it will be understood'from the foregoing description that, while the piston is moving away from the blade, oil will be sucked from the reservoir in the lower portion of the low pressure chamber into the notch 34 behind the blade, and during this time the eccentric blanks the outlet duct 55. As the piston moves towards the blade, that is, during the second half of the complete stroke of the piston, the channel 5l is-in registry with stroke of the rotary piston and lat a time when the outlet duct 55is blanked so that the force of the oil pump comprising the blade and notch is not effective in forcing the oil through the duct 62. When the pocket 59 registers with the inner end of the duct 62, there is a suction within the intake compartment 29 so that the oil within the 'pocket win be sucked out of the pocket through the duct 62 and into the inlet port 26 where it will become thoroughly `co-mingied with the incoming refrigerant or other medium. The oil will, of course, spread over the periphery of the rotary piston and flow down the contacting surfaces on the ends of the piston 'and the end'plates I8 and I9. 'Ihe lubricant, forms a seal between the wall 4of 'the cylinder and the y rotary piston at a point at which these members are substantially in tangency and prevents the compressed medium in the compression compart- I ment from flowing back into the intake compartment. 'I'he oil admitted to the intake compartment will be carried by the compressed lubricant through the discharge valve and it will then be carried through the system back to the `low compression chamber I3.` vIt is of importance to not that the lubricant is supplied to the rotor at the desired rate of feed andin'the exactly required amounts, a predetermined amount being sucked into the compartment chamber with the incoming medium on each rotation of the piston'.

The size of the pocket 59 determines the 'amount of lubricant admitted to the crescent-shaped oil to the bearings and the crescent-shaped Vspace is supplied from the low compressionside of the apparatus so that overloading of the pump with oil or the accumulation of oil within the pump when the pump is at rest, is entirely obviated, and thusthe necessity fof providing separate or additional means for removing oil from the pump when it is ldesired to start the pump is entirely obviated.A Lubrication `of the several parts is effectively maintained without it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a-limiting sense.

It is also to be understood that the language used in the following claims is intended to cover all of the generic and specific features of the\in vention herein described and all statements of the scope of the invention which, as a matter of language, might be said to fall therebetween` l claim as my invention: 6

1,. Incombination, an oil case, a compressor located therein and dividing said case. into a low pressure chamber and a high pressure chamber, said compressor having a casing provided with a cylinder having an inlet communicating with the low pressure chamber and an outlet communicating with the high pressure chamber, a piston eccentrically mounted in and of smallerdiameter than said cylinder and having a notch in its periphery, a shaft` for eccentrically moving said 15 piston in said cylinder, a partition member slidably engaging in said lnotch and dividing the space between said. cylinder and piston into an intake compartment and a compression compartment; said shaft having a radially disposed bear- 20 ing surface, an oil hole, and a pocket in said bearing surface in communication with said oil hole; seid casing having a thrust bearing surface with which :"d ist mentioned bearing surface cooperates, a .pring urging said shaft in a direc- 25 tion to resiliently hold said bearing surfaces against one another, a duct leading from the bearing surface of said-casing to said intake compartment, said pocket being adapted to register with said duct on each revolution of the 30 shaft, an oil inlet port leading from the low pressure chamber and adapted to admit a lubricant therefrom into said notch as the space therein behind said partition member increases, and'means for permitting discharge of lubricant $5 from said notch to said oill hole as the space within said notch decreases, said shaft being-arranged to prevent communication between said oil hole and notch when said pocket is in registry with said duct which leads to said yintake* com- 40 partment. o

2. A rotary pump including a cylinder, a piston eccentrically mounted inand of smaller diameter ythan said cylinder, there being a crescent shaped space between said elements, a shaft for eccen- 45 trically moving said piston relative to said cylinder to progress said space, a partition member dividing said space into an intake compartment land a compression compartment, a thrust bearing surface on said cylinder, a radially extending 50 bearing surface on said shaft engaging said thrust bearing surface, a spring carried by said shaft and urging the same endwise whereby said bearing surfaces are resiliently held in engage- `ment, said bearing surface of said shafthaving a 55 pocket adapted to .contain a predetermined amount of lubricant, a duct leading from said thrust bearing surface directly lto said intake compartment, said duct and pocket being constructed and arranged to register on each rota- 00 tion of said shaft and on the suction portion of the stroke of said piston, said duct being closed by said bearing surface on said shaft at all times except when said pocket and duct are in registry,

and means for supplying lubricant-to said pocket. 65

3. A rotary pump including a cylinder, a piston eccentrically mounted in and of smaller diameter thanv said cylinder, there being a crescent shaped space between said elements, a shaft for eccentrically moving saidA piston relative to said cyl- 70 inder to progress said space, a partition member dividing said space into an intake compartment and a compression compartment, said cylinder havingY a thrust bearing surface and said shaft having a radially extending bearing surface engazing said thrust bearing surfacef a spring the shaft and while said last mentioned duct is urging said shaft endwise to hold said bearingA under the influence of the suction action within surfaces in frictional engagement; said shaft said intake t and said last menhaving an oil hole therein,"a` pocket in said tioned duct being closed by said bearing surface 5 radially extending bearing surface adapted to onsaid shaft at all'times except when said pocket 5 hold a predetermined amount of lubricant, andas registers therewith, and means for delivering duct leading from. said oil hole to said pocket; a lubricant to said oil hole only when said pocket, duct leading from said thrust bearing .surface and last mentioned duct are out of registry. directly to said intake compartment and adapted f f 10 to register with said pocket on each rotation of HARRYA M. BADGER. 10

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