US2018227A - Sprayer - Google Patents

Description

Patented Oct. 22, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE SPRAYER Application November 4, 1933, Serial No. `696,645

10 Claims.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in sprayers. v

This application is led as an improvement over the sprayer shown in my co-pending application liled January 28, 1933, Serial No. 653,987.

One object of the invention is to provide animproved sprayer of the continuous spray type for spraying various liquids, such as insecticides, paints and lacquers, as well as oil and other fiuids.

An important object of the invention is to eliminate the spring clip for holding the eduction tube in the sprayer head shown in my co-pending application, whereby the manufacture of the sprayer head is greatly simplified and cost reduced.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a removable atomizing or eduction tube which is so constructed as to be readily and effectively mounted in a sprayer and held therein by its own resiliency and by its functional engagement with the head of the sprayer, whereby no outside medium is employed to hold the tube in position. An important object of the invention is to provide an eduction tube so bent as to engage at one end within the nozzle at one end of the head, and at an intermediate point to engage and fasten in the opening between the head and the liquid receptacle, whereby the tube is removably secured in the head with its leg directed downwardly into the receptacle.

A construction designed to carry out the invention will be hereinafter described, together with other features of the invention.

The invention will be more readily understood r from a reading of the following specification and by reference to the accompanying drawing in which an example of the invention is shown, and wherein:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a sprayer constructed in accordance with the invention,

Figure 2 is a longitudinal View of the same, partly in elevation and partly in section,

Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the sprayer head,

Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Figure 3,

Figure 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the sprayer head, and

Figure 6 is a detail of the eduction tube.

In the drawing the numeral I0 `designates a sprayer barrel having a plunger I2 slidable therein'. A plunger rod I3 has one end secured to the plunger and said rod is supported by and extends through a cap I4 which closes one end of the barrel. A suitable handle I5 is fastened on the outer end of the rod for operating the plunger. Although I have shown a manually operated sprayer, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to this particular type.

A cylindrical head I6, preferably made of brass, or other non-rusting or non-corrodible metal, is provided with an integral collar I1 at its rear end. Although it is peferable to make the head of nonrusting or non-corrodible metal, it is to be understood that it can be made of any suitable material. The collar I1 is offset to form an internal shoulder I8. This collar is adapted to t around the forward end of the barrel I0 (Figures 2 and 3) and may be soldered, or in any other suitable way secured thereto. A disk I9, which separates the 15 interior of the barrel from the head, is confined between the shoulder I8 and the forward end of the barrel.

Ihe forward end of the head is tapered to form a conical nozzle 20. An opening 20' in the end 20 of the nozzle communicates with the interior of the head. It is noted that the opening in the end of the nozzle is substantially small in proportion to the size of the interior of the head I6.

A suitable container, or receptacle, 2| for re- 25 ceiving the liquid to be sprayed is provided with an externally screw-threaded collar or neck 22. A cap 23 is adapted to screw onto the neck of the container to cover the same. A suitable packing gasket 24 is interposed between the upper edge of the neck and the cap.

The cap is provided with a diametrical sump 25 in its top. The sump conforms to the contour of the cylindrical head I6 and the head is positioned within said sump and is soldered, or in any other way suitably secured thereto, whereby the cap is permanently fastened to the underside of the head. The cap has an opening 26 in its top which registers with an opening 21 in the head when the cap is secured thereto, as is clearly shown in Figure 3. Thus, the openings 26 and 21 provide a communication between the head I6 and the container 2 I.

An atomizing or eduction tube 28, preferably made of non-rusting or non-corrodible metal, is removably mounted within the head and has its tip 28 resting against the inner wall of the nozzle 2U at the center thereof. 'I'he particular construction of this nozzle is an important feature of the invention and is clearly shown in Figures 2 and 3. The tip 28' of the tube engages axially in the nozzle 20 and surrounds the opening 20'. The tube is bent upwardly and inclined rearwardly from its tip to conform to the nozzle and the tapered forward end of the head I6. and is then Vbentmammary tor-form a horizontalV portion 29 Y which engages the inside of the top of the head the tube is in position inthe head I6 the lower` portion of this crook frictionally engages the rear edges of narrow slots 26 and 21 extending rearwardly from the opening 26 and 2,1. Thus it will be seen that the tube is held in position within Ythe head and container by the engagement of the crook 3| inthe slots, together with the con- Y tact of the horizontal portion 29 of thetube with the top of the head and the resting of the tip 28 in the nozzle 20.

The 'lower end of the upright leg 30 of the tube extends into the container 2|, which carries the liquid to be sprayed. It is'noted that the tube Y terminates short Vof the bottom of the container and does not restthereon, but is supported by Vthe engagement of the offset crook 3| in the slots 26 and 21. It is seen that the tube forms a direct communication between the container 2| andthe outlet nozzle 20.

YaoY

In Figure 3 the tube 28 is shown in position in the sprayer head. When it is desired toremove the tube, itis merely necessary to Vunscrewthe container 2| from the head I6. The lower end fof the vertical leg 30V of the tube is then swung forwardly in a short'arc, which action will disengage the offset crook 3| from the slots 26 and 121C' The tube is then pulled downwardly and readily removed from the head |76 through the openings 26 and 21.

e In replacing the tube, the tip 28 thereof is entered into the head through the openings 26 and Y21.V The tip is positioned to rest within the nozzle 26 and an upward movement of the tube will causethe horizontal portion 29 of the tube toV engage thetop of the head 16. Then by swingingY the leg 30 rearwardly the offset crook j3| will be engaged in the slots 26 and 21. There Vis a certain amount of spring or resiliency in the tube and it is this resiliency that holds the tube 'rigidly in position. Longitudinal displacement of f the tube is prevented bythe tip 28' bearing Y against the inner side of the nozzle 20 and Ythe engagement of the crook 3| in the slots 26 and 2'1".y Vertical displacement of said tube is prevented by the contacting of the horizontal por- 'tiong29 o f the tube with the top of the head |6 and the engagement of the crook in the slots.

AV small opening 32 is provided in the disk I9 nearthe upper, end .ofthe same. This opening is normally covered by a'ilap valve 33 which may be madepof light metal, leather, rubber, or other suitable material. The flap valve is secured at ,Aitsiower end to the disk within the head I6 by a rivet or brad 34, andthe material of which it is maderis substantial enough so that normally the flap valve will close the opening. VBy observving Figure Sitisgobvious that the flaprvalve will*` lserve as acheck valve, for air can pass from the barrel into the head I6, but air in the head is prevented from entering .the barrel. Y The forward end of the atomizing or eduction Vtube 28 is provided with slots 29'.Y With the for- Y `,ward end of-the tube in positionragainst the in- Y ner Wall of the Vnozzle 2D, it is obvious that air fescaping from the head must first pass the slots Y 2,018,227 .Y 29 and by varying the size of these slots, the

pass downwardly through the openingsv 26 andV 21 into the container 2| above the liquid. Thus, the only escape for the air from the head is through the slots 29 inthe forward end of the eduction tube and outthrough the nozzle 2|).V

The size of the head is such that a large air storage space is provided and since the opening in thenozzle is insufficient to allow all of the vair forced into the head by one stroke of the plunger to escape, an air pressure is built up within the head |6 land in the container 2| above the liquid.V Continued reciprocation' of the plunger |2 will further build up the pressure whereby a continuous stream of air is ejected from thenozzle 20.

As the air pressure controls the amount of air emitting from the nozzle, it will also control the amount of fluid ejected through the tube, because the air pressure in the head |6 and in the container 2| will equalize itself, As the pressure is built up by continued reciprocation of the plunger l2, the air and liquid streams willV be increased proportionately, thereby providing perfect atomization at all times.V

By varying the size of the slots 29 in the forward end ofthe tube 28, it is possible to further control the air emitting from the nozzle. It has been found that in spraying liquids, such as gasoline, naphtha, and the like, which ilow freely, a small amount of air will suliice forperfect atomiization. However, in spraying liquids, such as paint, it is necessary, because of their heavier consistency, to provide more air to attain perfectatomization. Therefore, it is to beY understood that the slots 29 Vare not to be limited to Vany particular size or shape, as they may be varied to obtain Vthe best results.

Y The conical ,nozzlev20',' besides forming a seat to position the forward end of the eduction tube 28, allows any fluid which may collect within the horizontal portion 29 with the top of the head IB and the resting of the tip 28 in the nozzle 20,

holds the tube 28 firmly in position but yet allows it to be easily removed or replaced.

Manufacturing costs have been reduced to a minimum as no machined parts are necessary. The head and nozzle are made of one piece Vwhich is a stamping and can be produced Vvery cheaply. All parts vital to the operation of the device are made of non-,rusting or non-corrodible material, thereby making for longer use. The operation is positivey as there are no adjustments to be made. The description which has been given recites more or lessdetail of a particular embodiment of the invention, which is set forth -as new and useful, however, I desire it understood that the invention is not limited to such exact details of construction, because it is manifest that changes and modications may be made within the scope Vof the appended claims without departing from What I claim Aand desire to s ecure by Letters Patent, is:

1. A sprayer comprising, a head provided with a forwardly directed conical portion terminating in a nozzle opening, a receptacle secured to said head, a passageway between said head and receptacle affording communication therebetween, means fo-r supplying air to the head including a' valve for building up air pressure within the head and nozzle, and an eduction tube provided with an opening adjacent one end of said tube for admitting air from the head into said tube, said tube being arranged in said sprayer with the end adjacent said aperture engaging in said nozzle opening and extending rearwardly therefrom through said passage-way into said receptacle with an intermediate portion of said tube in engagement with the wall of said passageway, said tube being so bent as to afford a resilient holding engagement with said nozzle and passage wall.

2. A sprayer comprising, an air pressure chamber having a nozzle at the forward end thereof, a liquid receptacle located beneath the air storage chamber, the chamber and receptacle having registering openings, a bent eduction tube open at each end and extending upwardly from the lower portion of the receptacle into the air pressure chamber and forwardly through the chamber to the nozzle, said tube having an upright leg provided with a forwardly offset crook which frictionally engages the upper edges of the registering openings to hold the tube in position.

3. A sprayer comprising, an air pressure chamber having a nozzle at the forward end thereof, the chamber having an opening in its bottom, a liquid receptacle located beneath the air storage chamber and having an opening in its top which registers with the opening in the chamber, the chamber and receptacle having slots which extend rearwardly from the openings, a bent eduction tube open at both ends and extending upwardly from the lower portion of the receptacle into the air pressure chamber and forwardly through the chamber to the nozzle, said tube having an upright leg provided with a forwardly offset crook which frictionally engages in the slots in said chamber and said receptacle, whereby the tube is held firmly in the position.

4. A sprayer comprising, a receptacle having an opening in its top, a hollow air storage head mounted on said receptacle and having an opening registering with the opening in the receptacle, the receptacle and head being provided with narrow slots extending rearwardly from the openings, a nozzle at the forward end of the head, means for closing the rear end of the head, means for supplying air under pressure to the head, a bent eduction tube open at each end extending from the lower portion of the receptacle through the head to the nozzle, said tube having an upright leg provided with an offset crook which frictionally engages in the slots in the head and receptacle to removably hold the forward end of the tube in engagement with the inner wall of the nozzle.

5. A sprayer comprising, a receptacle having an opening in its top, a hollow air storage head mounted on said receptacle and having an opening registering with the opening in the receptacle, the receptacle and head being provided with narrow slots extending rearwardly from the openings, a nozzle at the forward end of the head, means for closing the rear end of the head, means for supplying air under pressure to the head, a bent eduction tube open at each end extending from the lower portion of the receptacle through the head to the nozzle, said tube having an upright leg provided with an offset crook which fri'ctionally engages in the slots in the head and receptacle to removably hold the forward end of 5 the tube in engagement with the inner wall of the nozzle, the tube having a side opening within the nozzle for admitting air under pressure from the head.

6. A sprayer comprising a horizontal cylindri- 10 cal head with a passage-way in its lower side and a forwardly extending nozzle, and an eduction tube having a horizontal spray nozzle engaging end or tip and being bent upwardly and inclined rearwardly therefrom and then bent at such an 15 angle that a horizontal portion is formed at the upper portion of the tube extending rearwardly and engaging with the upper portion of the spray head, the tube being bent downwardly upon it*- self at the rear end of -said horizontal portion 20 substantially at right angles and extending downwardly through said passage-way whereby an upright leg is formed, and said leg being provided with a forwardly extending oH-set portion engaging with the lower portion of the head where 25 it extends through said passage-way for holding the tube in operating position.

7. The combination with a sprayer head having a conical nozzle at one end and an opening in its bottom at its opposite end provided with a 30 notch, of an eduction tube bent upon itself and removably mounted in the head, said tube having an upright leg extending through the opening of the head and engaging in the notch thereof and also having a forwardly directed tip engaging in 35 the nozzle, whereby the tube is held in the head.

8. The combination with a sprayer head having a conical nozzle at one end and an opening in its bottom at its opposite end provided with a notch, of a resilient eduction tube bent upon itself and 40 removably mounted in the head, said tube having an upright leg extending through the opening of the head and engaging in the notch thereof and also having a forwardly directed tip engaging in the nozzle, said tube also having an upwardly 45 arched portion between its leg and tip in the head giving spring to the tube, whereby it is held in the nozzle and the notch.

9. In a sprayer comprising a sprayer head with a forward nozzle opening and a lower fluid recep- 50 tacle, a passageway between the sprayer head and receptacle, an eduction tube having a tip engaging with the head at the nozzle opening, said tube extending rearwardly therefrom and bent downwardly providing a leg extending downwardly through the passageway and into the fluid receptacle, said leg bearing against the rear wall of said passageway, and the tube having a resilient portion between the tip and the point of engagement with the passageway so as to cooperate therewith 60 and maintain it under stress in position.

10. In a sprayer comprising a sprayer head with a forward nozzle opening and a lower fluid receptacle, a passageway between the sprayer head and receptacle, an eduction tube having a 65 tip engaging with the head at the nozzle opening, said tube extending rearwardly therefrom and bent downwardly providing a leg extending downwardly through the passageway into the fluid receptacle, and said tube being so bent and arranged in said head as to cause the tip to engage in said nozzle and the tube to engage another portion of the head and to be held under stress in the head by its own resiliency.

JOSEPH W. PATTERSON.

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