US2017157A - Oil burning steam boiler - Google Patents

Description

0d. 15, 1935. P. P. MONFILS 2,017,157

OIL BURNING STEAM BOILER Filed Dec. 15, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet l Gd. 15, 1935. P. P. MONFILS OIL BURNING STEAM BOILER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 15, 1933 27a: Ryan/41!: M Q MW Patented Oct. 15, 1935,

NITED STATES PATNT OFFIE 4 Claims.

The present invention relates 'to a steam boiler construction and particularly to an oil or gas- .burning boiler arranged to circulate the gases from the burner in such a manner that substantially all of the heat from the gases is utilized in heating the Water in the boiler.

In prior devices of this character, the burner nozzle is located beneath the boiler and the hot gases from the nozzle pass substantially vertically through the boiler to the stack. The movement of the gases is so rapid, especially in a burner in which the oil, or oil mixed with air for combustion. is blown into the fire box at a relatively high pressure that only a small portion of the heat in the gases is delivered to the boiler.

One of the principal objects of the present invention is accordingly to provide for a circulation of the gases so that practically all of the available heat may be delivered to the boiler before the gases are discharged from said boiler.

In steam boiler constructions for supplying steam at a low pressure as in heating a house, it has frequently been the custom to install an oil or gas burning unit in the fire box of a heater originally designed for the burning of wood, coal, or coke. It will be apparent that such a burner cannot be efficient since a boiler arranged to be heated from a bed of coals cannot be efliciently heated from moving heated gases. Thus, a further object of the present invention is to provide a low pressure steam boiler especially designed for the burning of liquid or gaseous fuels.

Other and further objects and advantages of the invention will appear from the following de- 7 tailed description taken in connection with'the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 is a vertical section through a steam boiler embodying the invention, the section being substantially along the line l--l of Fig. 2. v

0 Fig. 2 is a horizontal section through the boiler substantially along the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view along the line 33 of Fig. 1.

Like reference characters refer to like parts in for the discharge of gases from within said shell after they have circulated around the boiler, the opening 5 being suitably connected to a chimney or stack not shown. The shell I is also provided with a second opening 6 adjacent the bottom 5 thereof, forming a manhole to provide access to the inside of the boiler.

According to the invention, the boiler proper comprises a boiler head 1 from which depends a vertical water-leg 8, the latter defining an ap- 10 proximate spiral about a vertical axis, as best shown in Fig. 2, said leg opening into the boiler at the upper end 'thereof. Centrally of the boiler head land extending downwardly therefrom is positioned an upright 9, Figs. 1 and 2, the 15 lower end of said upright resting on the supports 4. One edge of each of a pair of parallel plates 10 and l l are secured to said upright on opposite sides thereof, and the plates extend outwardly from said upright in spiral arrangement to form 20 the spiral water-leg. The upper ends of the plates 10 and II are secured, as by welding, to the bottom wall l2 of the boiler head 7 which has a spiral opening coextensive with the space between the plates to provide a direct connection 25 between the water-leg and the boiler head. The lower ends of the plates are secured, as by Welding, to the opposite sides of a spiral member 13 which acts as a closure for the lower end of the water-leg and which rests on the supports 4, the 30 latter being normally provided with recesses 14 to receive said member and to retain said member in proper spiral configuration. The water-leg has a plurality of successive turns 8*, 8 and 8 which define therebetween a continuous spiral Q opening through which the burning fuel and hot gases are directed, as will hereinafter appear.

A fire box 15 is provided adjacent the lower portion of the water-leg directly above the supports 4, and an auxiliary boiler head it is located directly above said fire box substantially midway of the height of the water-leg. As best shown in Fig. 2, the end ll of the water coil 8 of the water-leg below the auxiliary boiler head extends away from the adjacent coil 8 to form the outer wall of the fire-box. Said wall is spaced from the fire-brick lining 2, as shown, for the purpose which will hereinafter appear. 7 The opposite or inner wall of the fire box is formed by a portion 18 of the coil 8 of the water-leg, and the bottom wall ill of the auxiliary'boiler head extends between the plates 19 and II of the outer coil 8 and the adjacent coil 8 respectively to form the top wall of the fire box, said plate 19 being suitably secured to both the plates III and l I as by welding. The bottom wall of the fire box is formed by a plate resting on the supports 4 and extending between the portions I1 and I8 of the coils 8 and 8 of the water-leg. An opening 2| in the shell I and the fire-brick lining 2 provides for the injection of the desired combustible mixture of oil or gas and air by any suitable device. Opposite the opening 2|, the fire box tapers gradually for directing the hot gases into the spiral space 22 between the coils of the water-leg.

Above the auxiliary boiler head, the end portion 23 of the outer coil 8 oi the water-leg extends in parallel relation to the inner coils as indicated in Fig. 3 and the outer edges of the plates I6 and II forming said'coil are secured of the water-leg, said plate 26 being suitably se-" cured to said Walls as by welding. A second plate 21 extends between the coils 8 and 8 above the auxiliary boiler head to form a part of the top Wall thereof and said plate is secured to the lower edges of the inner wall ID of the portion 23 and to the outer wall I I of the coil 8*. A portion 28 of the inner wall Ill of the outer coil 8, in alinement with the auxiliary boiler head is turned inwardly between the coils 8F and 8 as indicated by the dot-dash lines of Fig. 2, to form a part'of the side wall of the auxiliary boiler head, and the plate or wall 21 extends inwardly to engage the top of the portion 28. The end of the auxiliary boiler head directly above the open-. ing 2I into the fire box is closed by a plate 29 'which is secured to the plates 26 and 21 to the thus forming a water-tight closure for the endf of the boiler head. The walls 26 and 21 are suit ably held in desired relation to the bottom wall I9 by stay-bolts 30 and the top and bottom walls of the main boiler heads'are held by stay-bolts 3 I.

A pipe 32 is secured to an opening-33 in the top wall of the boiler head I for the discharge of steam generated in said boiler." The amount of water in'the boiler is indicated by the usual indicating apparatus 34- which is connected by pipes 35 and 36 to the auxiliary boiler head and the main boiler head respectively. A suitable pressure gage 37 is provided and asuitable'drain pipe 38 is connected to a portion of the waterleg adjacent the lower end thereof. The boiler is also provided with a water, inlet 39 located at the end of the water-leg remote from the drain connection. A portion of the main boiler head extends above the shell I and is preferably covered by any'suitable heat insulating material 40, the latter-also extending over the outside of the gases. is restricted so that they remain inthe coils of the water-leg. As the end of each member 6i abuts the adjacent member, the gases are directed spirallyin the space 22 without passing upwardly beyond the upper ends of the I-beams. The gases ultimately reach the center of the spiral Which, as shown in the drawings, is open the entire height of the water-leg and the gases are discharged upwardly therein to begin a second spiral movement in the space 22. This movement, as indicated in Fig. 3 however, involves an outward movement of the gases until they reach an annular space provided between the outer coil 8 of the water-leg and the refractory lining 2. This annularspace 42 is closed at the bottom .by an'arcuate plate 43 except for a space adjacent to the portion I! of the outer coil 8. This opening or space communicates with the opening beneath the boiler and around the supports 4 and the products of combustion discharge from the annular space 42 through said opening into the space around the supports 4 and subsequently through'the discharge opening 5. By the movement of the gases and products of combustion spirally around the water-leg substantially all of the heat in the gases is delivered to the boiler. At the same time, by the provision. of an auxiliary'boiler headdirectly above the fire box and the placing of portions of the water-leg on opposite sides of the fire box, itis possible 'to obtain a large amount of heat from the gases where the heat-is most intense. The necessity for lining the fire box is thereby eliminated. It may be noted that the gases from the fire box pass spirally around the water-leg to'the center thereof where they move upwardly and then move outwardly spirally around the water-leg for discharge. By this construction, a circuitous continuous path is provided for the hot gases and the path is sufficiently long to provide for the removal of a large amount of the heat from the gases before theyv are discharged through the opening 5. To provide for safe operation of the boiler, fusible plugs 44 may be provided in the plates Ill and II respectively on opposite sides of the fire box.

Iclaim:

1. In a boiler construction adapted for the combustion of liquid or gaseous fuels, a boiler head, 'a water-leg depending therefrom and forming a continuous spiral about a substantially vertical axis, said water-leg defining a continuous spiral path through which the products of combustion are directed and a horizontal dividing member between the top'and bottom of 'said water-legfor preventing vertical movement of the products'of combustion in said spiral path, the inner end 'of said dividing member being spaced from the center of the spiral to permit vertical movement of the products of combustion at the center of the spiral.

2; In a boiler construction adapted for the combustio'n of liquid or gaseous fuels, a boiler head,

a water-leg depending therefrom and forming a continuous spiral, said water-leg defining a continuous spiral path through which the products of combustion are directed, and a dividing mem-- ber between the opposite ends of said water-leg for preventing movementof the products of combustion in a direction parallel to the axis of the spiral, said dividing member providing an opening at one point in the spiral path to permit the products of combustion to pass from one side to the other of said member.

3. In a boiler construction adapted for the combustion of liquid or gaseous fuels, a boiler head, a water-leg depending therefrom and forming a continuous spiral, said water-leg defining a continuous spiral path through which the products of combustion are directed, and a dividing member located in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis of the spiral and substantially closing the spiral path between the outside of the spiral and the center thereof for preventing movement of the products of combustion along a line parallel to the axis of said spiral, the inner end of said dividing member being spaced from the center of the spiral to provide for movement of said products of combustion from one side of said member to the other at the center of said spiral.

4. In a boiler construction adapted for the combustion of liquid or gaseous fuels, a boiler head. a water-leg depending therefrom, said water-leg defining a continuous spiral path through which the products of combustion are directed, a fire box, and means for directing the products of combustion from said fire box through said spiral in planes at right angles to the axis of said spiral, said means including at least one partition positioned in said spiral path at right angles to the axis of the spiral to prevent movement of the products of combustion in a direction parallel to the axis of said spiral, said partition providing an opening at one point in the spiral path to permit the products of combustion to pass from one side to the other of said partition.

PHILIAS P. MONFILS.

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