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US20150270721A1 - Wireless power transmission device - Google Patents

Wireless power transmission device Download PDF

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Publication number
US20150270721A1
US20150270721A1 US14/712,897 US201514712897A US2015270721A1 US 20150270721 A1 US20150270721 A1 US 20150270721A1 US 201514712897 A US201514712897 A US 201514712897A US 2015270721 A1 US2015270721 A1 US 2015270721A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
feedback
power
signal
coupled
receiver
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
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US14/712,897
Inventor
Huang-Ti Lin
Yueh-Han Li
Tsung-Shiun Lee
Jia-Wei Liu
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AUO Corp
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AU Optronics Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by AU Optronics Corp filed Critical AU Optronics Corp
Priority to US14/712,897 priority Critical patent/US20150270721A1/en
Assigned to AU OPTRONICS CORP. reassignment AU OPTRONICS CORP. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: LEE, TSUNG-SHIUN, LI, YUEH-HAN, LIN, HUANG-TI, LIU, Jia-wei
Publication of US20150270721A1 publication Critical patent/US20150270721A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J5/005—
    • H02J7/025—

Definitions

  • the present invention is related to a wireless power transmission device, and more particularly, to a wireless power transmission device having feedback control.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a prior art wireless charging module 100 .
  • the wireless charging module 100 includes a power transmitter 102 , a power receiver 104 , and a transmission unit 106 .
  • the transmission unit 106 utilizes inductive coils 108 and 110 as an antenna for transmitting and receiving power.
  • a radio frequency identification (RFID) system is included in the design of the wireless charging module 100 in order that an RFID feedback signal from the power receiver 104 can be transmitted to the power transmitter 102 by utilizing the same inductive coils 108 and 110 for controlling power transfer between the power transmitter 102 and the power receiver 104 .
  • RFID radio frequency identification
  • An embodiment of the present invention discloses a wireless power transmission device.
  • the wireless power transmission device comprises a power transmitter, a first transmission unit, a power receiver, a feedback regulator, a receive controller, and a second transmission unit.
  • the power transmitter generates power.
  • the first transmission unit is coupled to the power transmitter for wirelessly transmitting the power generated by the power transmitter.
  • the power receiver is coupled to the first transmission unit for receiving and rectifying the power from the first transmission unit.
  • the feedback regulator comprises a feedback receiver and a command adjuster.
  • the feedback receiver is coupled to the power receiver for receiving a feedback signal from the power receiver.
  • the command adjuster is coupled to the feedback receiver for generating an AC control signal.
  • the receive controller comprises a feedback judge controller and a control adjuster.
  • the feedback judge controller receives the control signal.
  • the control adjuster is coupled between the feedback judge controller and the power transmitter for generating a driving signal.
  • the second transmission unit is coupled between the feedback regulator and the receive controller for wirelessly transmitting the control signal to
  • the controller is coupled between the feedback circuit and the phase feedback circuit for generating a compensating voltage according to the feedback control signal and the phase signal.
  • the regulator device is coupled between the controller and the power receiver for generating a regulating voltage according to the compensating voltage to regulate a pre-rectified output voltage of the power receiver by an in phase form or an out of phase form.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a wireless power transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3A is a diagram illustrating the power transmitter according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 3B is a diagram illustrating the power transmitter according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating the first compensating circuit according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating the first compensating circuit according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 5A is a diagram illustrating the power receiver according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 5B is a diagram illustrating the power receiver according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 6A is a diagram illustrating the feedback regulator according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 6B is a diagram illustrating the feedback regulator according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 6C is a diagram illustrating the feedback regulator according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the receive controller according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the feedback circuit according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 10A is a diagram illustrating the phase feedback circuit according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 10C is a diagram illustrating the phase feedback circuit according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 10D is a diagram illustrating the phase feedback circuit according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating the controller according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 12A is a diagram illustrating the regulator device according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 12C is a diagram illustrating operations of the regulator device.
  • FIG. 12D is another diagram illustrating operations of the regulator device.
  • the wireless power transmission device 200 may include a power transmitter 202 , a first transmission unit 206 , a power receiver 204 , a feedback regulator 212 , a receive controller 214 , and a second transmission unit 216 .
  • the first transmission unit 206 may include a first inductive element 2062 and a second inductive element 2064 .
  • the feedback regulator 212 may include a feedback receiver 2122 and a command adjuster 2124 .
  • the receive controller 214 may include a feedback judge controller 2142 and a control adjuster 2144 .
  • the second transmission unit may include a first conductive element 2162 and a second conductive element 2164 .
  • the first compensating circuit 304 in FIG. 4A includes a capacitor and an inductor connected in parallel with the converter.
  • FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating the first compensating circuit 304 according to another embodiment.
  • the first compensating circuit 304 in FIG. 4B includes a capacitor and an inductor connected in series with the converter. The inductor may be removed from the first compensating circuit 304 , leaving only the capacitor connected in parallel or in series with the converter to form the first compensating circuit 304 .
  • the power receiver 204 is used to convert AC voltage to DC voltage.
  • the power receiver 204 is coupled to the first transmission unit 206 for receiving and rectifying the power from the first transmission unit 206 .
  • FIG. 5A is a diagram illustrating the power receiver 204 according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 5A shows a full bridge rectifier 502 and a second compensating circuit 504 .
  • FIG. 5B is a diagram illustrating the power receiver 204 according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 5B shows a half bridge rectifier 512 and the second compensating circuit 504 .
  • Rectifiers in the power receiver 204 may be composed of other active components such as MOSFET or IGBT rectifiers.
  • the second compensating circuit 504 may be composed of a capacitor and an inductor connected in parallel or in series with the converter. The inductor may be removed from the second compensating circuit 504 , leaving only the capacitor connected in parallel or in series with the converter to form the second compensating circuit 504 .
  • the feedback receiver 2122 of the feedback regulator 212 is coupled to the power receiver 204 for receiving a feedback signal Sfb from the power receiver 204 .
  • the feedback signal Sfb may be a signal at any circuit node of the power receiver 204 , so the feedback signal Sfb may be a DC signal or an AC signal and may be a voltage type or a current type.
  • the command adjuster 2124 of the feedback regulator 212 is coupled to the feedback receiver 2122 for generating an AC control signal Sc.
  • the first capacitor C 1 has a first end coupled to the first end of the second diode D 2 , and a second end for receiving the reference voltage GND.
  • the command adjuster 2124 of FIG. 6A may include a digital frequency modulator FM 1 and a resonant tank.
  • the digital frequency modulator FM 1 is coupled between the feedback receiver 2122 and the first conductive element 2162 for generating a first frequency signal Vfre 1 according to the first DC signal Vdc 1 .
  • the digital frequency modulator FM 1 modulates the first frequency signal Vfre 1 corresponding to a varying voltage level of the first DC signal Vdc 1 .
  • the resonant tank is composed of a second capacitor C 2 and a first inductor L 1 and is coupled to the digital frequency modulator FM 1 for generating the control signal Sc according to the first frequency signal Vfre 1 .
  • FIG. 6B is a diagram illustrating the feedback regulator 212 according to another embodiment.
  • the feedback receiver 2122 of FIG. 6B may include the same components as shown in FIG. 6A and is coupled to the power receiver 204 for receiving and rectifying the feedback signal Sfb to be the first DC signal Vdc 1 .
  • the command adjuster 2124 of FIG. 6B may include the digital frequency modulator FM 1 and a first amplify circuit.
  • the digital frequency modulator FM 1 of FIG. 6B is coupled in the same way as in FIG. 6A and detailed description will be omitted.
  • the first amplify circuit may include a first amplifier OP 1 , a first resistor R 1 , and a second resistor R 2 .
  • the first amplify circuit is coupled to the digital frequency modulator FM 1 for generating the control signal Sc by amplifying the first frequency signal Vfre 1 .
  • FIG. 6C is a diagram illustrating the feedback regulator 212 according to another embodiment.
  • the feedback receiver 2122 of FIG. 6C may include the rectifier, a duty modulator DM 1 , a second inductor L 2 , and a switch Q 1 .
  • the rectifier may include the same components as shown in FIG. 6A and is coupled to the power receiver 204 for receiving and rectifying the feedback signal Sfb to be a second DC signal Vdc 2 .
  • a circuit formed by the duty modulator DM 1 , the second inductor L 2 , and the switch Q 1 may be used to receive the second DC signal Vdc 2 for generating a duty signal Vfre 2 corresponding to the second DC signal Vdc 2 .
  • the duty modulator DM 1 generates a duty cycle corresponding to a varying voltage level of the second DC signal Vdc 2 and the duty signal Vfre 2 is then generated by the circuit formed by the second inductor L 2 and the switch Q 1 so that duty cycle of the duty signal Vfre 2 varies corresponding to the voltage level of the second DC signal Vdc 2 .
  • the command adjuster 2124 of FIG. 6C may include a second amplify circuit.
  • the second amplify circuit may include a second amplifier OP 2 , a third resistor R 3 , and a fourth resistor R 4 .
  • the second amplify circuit is coupled to the feedback receiver 2122 for generating the control signal Sc by amplifying the duty signal Vfre 2 .
  • the rectifier may include the same components as shown in FIG. 6A .
  • the rectifier is coupled between the second conductive element 2164 of the second transmission unit 216 and the control adjuster 2144 for generating an amplitude signal Vamp according to a voltage amplitude of the control signal Sc.
  • the control adjuster 2144 of FIG. 7 may be an analog circuit or a digital integrated circuit for interpreting a command implied in the voltage amplitude and frequency of the control signal Sc so as to generate a driving signal Sdrv according to the phase signal Vphase and the amplitude signal Vamp.
  • the driving signal Sdrv contains plural sets of signals having continuously changing duty cycle and frequency for driving the converter of the power transmitter 202 to convert DC voltage to AC voltage.
  • the first conductive element 2162 of the second transmission unit 216 is coupled to the feedback regulator 212 .
  • the second conductive element 2164 is coupled to the receive controller 214 .
  • the first conductive element 2162 and the second conductive element 2164 are used to wirelessly transmit the control signal Sc, and the first conductive element 2162 and the second conductive element 2164 do not contact physically.
  • a distance d between the first conductive element 2162 and the second conductive element 2164 may be an arbitrary value. Transmission of the control signal Sc must be accurate and not be interfered, and power loss in the transmission should be as low as possible.
  • the first conductive element 2162 and the second conductive element 2164 may be conductive boards such as printed circuit boards, or metal probes in order to reduce interference and power loss.
  • the first conductive element 2162 and the second conductive element 2164 are respectively disposed in different housings, which are separated physically.
  • the control signal Sc can be transmitted from the power receiver 204 to the power transmitter 202 without using RFID system and can be transmitted in a separate transmission unit other than the first transmission unit 206 used to the power transmission. In so doing, interference caused by coils may be reduced and control errors and instability may be alleviated, thereby increasing stability and power level that can be transferred.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a wireless power transmission device 800 .
  • the wireless power transmission device 800 may include a power transmitter 802 , a first transmission unit 806 , a power receiver 804 , a feedback circuit 812 , a phase feedback circuit 814 , a controller 816 , and a regulator device 810 .
  • the first transmission unit 806 may include a first inductive element 8062 and a second inductive element 8064 .
  • the feedback circuit 812 , the phase feedback circuit 814 , and the controller 816 may be an analog circuit, or be integrated in an analog integrated circuit or a digital integrated circuit.
  • Circuit structures of the power transmitter 802 and the first transmission unit 806 are the same as the power transmitter 202 and the first transmission unit 206 , detailed description being omitted.
  • the third amplifier OP 3 compares the divided Vdc with a predetermined voltage level Vcom and outputs a difference signal at an output end of the third amplifier OP 3 to be the feedback control signal Vfb for the controller 816 .
  • the difference signal may be a positive voltage signal or a negative voltage signal so that the controller 816 may output a compensating voltage Vd either in phase or out of phase to the regulator device 810 in order to control the rectified output voltage Vdc of the power receiver 804 .
  • Amplitude of the feedback control signal Vfb may be adjusted by adjusting values of the plurality of resistors R.
  • the feedback circuit 812 may be a subtractor.
  • FIG. 10A is a diagram illustrating the phase feedback circuit 814 according to an embodiment.
  • the phase feedback circuit 814 of FIG. 10A may include a fourth amplify circuit.
  • the fourth amplify circuit may include a fourth amplifier OP 4 and a plurality of resistors R, which form a non-inverting amplifier.
  • the phase signal Vp may be adjusted to be bigger than the input voltage Vin by adjusting values of the plurality of resistors R.
  • FIG. 10B is a diagram illustrating the phase feedback circuit 814 according to another embodiment.
  • the phase feedback circuit 814 of FIG. 10B may include a fifth and a sixth amplify circuits, which form two sets of inverting amplifiers.
  • the fifth amplify circuit may include a fifth amplifier OP 5 and a plurality of resistors R
  • the sixth amplify circuit may include a sixth amplifier OP 6 and a plurality of resistors R.
  • the phase signal Vp may be adjusted to be smaller than the input voltage Vin by adjusting values of the plurality of resistors R.
  • the purpose of adjusting the phase signal Vp is that the controller 816 and the regulator device 810 can operate in a wider voltage range.
  • FIG. 10C is a diagram illustrating the phase feedback circuit 814 according to another embodiment.
  • the phase feedback circuit 814 of FIG. 10C may include the fourth amplify circuit of FIG. 10A and a phase regulator PR 1 .
  • the phase regulator PR 1 includes a zero cross detector and a bandpass filter (BPF). A zero cross of the input voltage Vin is detected by the zero cross detector, then a phase of the zero cross is adjusted by the bandpass filter so that a phase adjusting signal Vphe outputted by the phase regulator PR 1 has a phase different from the zero cross of the input voltage Vin.
  • BPF bandpass filter
  • FIG. 10D is a diagram illustrating the phase feedback circuit 814 according to another embodiment.
  • the phase feedback circuit 814 of FIG. 10D may include the fifth and the sixth amplify circuits of FIG. 10B and the phase regulator PR 1 .
  • the phase regulator PR 1 is coupled to the fifth amplify circuit and has the same structure and purpose as set forth in FIG. 10C .
  • FIG. 10E is a diagram illustrating operations of the phase regulator PR 1 .
  • a square wave signal Vz is generated when the input voltage Vin passes through the zero cross detector, then a phase and an amplitude of the square wave signal Vz is adjusted by the bandpass filter to generate the phase adjusting signal Vphe outputted to the amplify circuits.
  • the phase adjusting signal Vphe and the phase signal Vp have phases different from the input voltage Vin so that the controller 816 may output the compensating voltage Vd having a phase difference to the regulator device 810 .
  • the controller 816 is coupled between the feedback circuit 812 and the phase feedback circuit 814 for generating the compensating voltage Vd according to the feedback control signal Vfb and the phase signal Vp.
  • the feedback control signal Vfb may be a DC voltage signal and the phase signal Vp may be an AC voltage signal.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating the controller 816 according to an embodiment.
  • the controller 816 may include a multiplier M 1 , a seventh amplifier OP 7 , an eighth amplifier OPA, and a plurality of resistors R.
  • the multiplier M 1 of the controller 816 multiplies the feedback control signal Vfb and the phase signal Vp to derive a predetermined compensating voltage.
  • FIG. 12B is a diagram illustrating the regulator device 810 according to another embodiment.
  • the regulator device 810 of FIG. 12B is a capacitor directly connected in series between the input voltage Vin and the pre-rectified output voltage Vout.
  • the compensating voltage Vd in the case of FIG. 12B is substantially equal to the regulating voltage Vreg.
  • the regulator device 810 may be composed of other passive components or coupling components other than those in FIG. 12A and FIG. 12B .
  • the phase feedback circuit 814 may generate the phase signal Vp having a phase different from the input voltage Vin after detecting the phase of the input voltage Vin, and the phase signal Vp may be used to generate the regulating voltage Vreg having a phase different from the input voltage Vin through the controller 816 and the regulator device 810 to regulate the pre-rectified output voltage Vout in order to compensate a power factor of the wireless power transmission device 800 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A wireless power transmission device includes a power transmitter, a first transmission unit, a power receiver, a feedback regulator, a receive controller, and a second transmission unit. The power transmitter is for generating power, and the first transmission unit is for wirelessly transmitting power generated by the power transmitter. The power receiver is for receiving and rectifying the power from the first transmission unit. The feedback regulator is for receiving a feedback signal from the power receiver to generate an AC control signal. The receive controller is for receiving the control signal to generate a driving signal. The second transmission unit is for wirelessly transmitting the control signal to the receive controller.

Description

    CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
  • This is a division of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/751,131, filed Jan. 27, 2013, which claims the benefit of priority to Taiwan Patent Application No. 101135998, filed Sep. 28, 2012 and now Taiwan Patent No. 1473382, all included herein by reference in their entireties.
    • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • 1. Field of the Invention
  • The present invention is related to a wireless power transmission device, and more particularly, to a wireless power transmission device having feedback control.
  • 2. Description of the Prior Art
  • Wireless charging technology which utilizes non-contact wireless power transmission has been widely applied to mobile devices such as consumer electronics, smart phones, and tablet computers.
  • Please refer to FIG. 1. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a prior art wireless charging module 100. The wireless charging module 100 includes a power transmitter 102, a power receiver 104, and a transmission unit 106. The transmission unit 106 utilizes inductive coils 108 and 110 as an antenna for transmitting and receiving power. A radio frequency identification (RFID) system is included in the design of the wireless charging module 100 in order that an RFID feedback signal from the power receiver 104 can be transmitted to the power transmitter 102 by utilizing the same inductive coils 108 and 110 for controlling power transfer between the power transmitter 102 and the power receiver 104.
  • Due to the fact that the RFID feedback signal's operating frequency is about several megahertz (MHz) and the RFID feedback signal is transmitted via the same inductive coils used to transmit power, the same inductive coils are required to transfer power and the RFID feedback signal. Thus the RFID feedback signal waveforms may be distorted by voltages induced by the power transmission on the inductive coils, thereby interfering the RFID feedback signal and causing control errors and instability of the wireless charging module 100. The higher the power transmission is, the more severe the interference becomes. As a result, applications of wireless charging technology are limited and cannot be applied to higher power transfer.
    • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • An embodiment of the present invention discloses a wireless power transmission device. The wireless power transmission device comprises a power transmitter, a first transmission unit, a power receiver, a feedback regulator, a receive controller, and a second transmission unit. The power transmitter generates power. The first transmission unit is coupled to the power transmitter for wirelessly transmitting the power generated by the power transmitter. The power receiver is coupled to the first transmission unit for receiving and rectifying the power from the first transmission unit. The feedback regulator comprises a feedback receiver and a command adjuster. The feedback receiver is coupled to the power receiver for receiving a feedback signal from the power receiver. The command adjuster is coupled to the feedback receiver for generating an AC control signal. The receive controller comprises a feedback judge controller and a control adjuster. The feedback judge controller receives the control signal. The control adjuster is coupled between the feedback judge controller and the power transmitter for generating a driving signal. The second transmission unit is coupled between the feedback regulator and the receive controller for wirelessly transmitting the control signal to the receive controller.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention discloses a wireless power transmission device. The wireless power transmission device comprises a power transmitter, a first transmission unit, a power receiver, a feedback circuit, a phase feedback circuit, a controller, and a regulator device. The power transmitter generates power. The first transmission unit is coupled to the power transmitter for wirelessly transmitting the power generated by the power transmitter. The power receiver is coupled to the first transmission unit for receiving and rectifying the power from the first transmission unit. The feedback circuit is coupled to the power receiver for detecting a rectified output voltage of the power receiver to generate a feedback control signal. The phase feedback circuit is coupled to the power receiver for detecting a phase of an input voltage of the power receiver to generate a phase signal. The controller is coupled between the feedback circuit and the phase feedback circuit for generating a compensating voltage according to the feedback control signal and the phase signal. The regulator device is coupled between the controller and the power receiver for generating a regulating voltage according to the compensating voltage to regulate a pre-rectified output voltage of the power receiver by an in phase form or an out of phase form.
  • These and other objectives of the present invention will no doubt become obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art after reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment that is illustrated in the various figures and drawings.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a prior art wireless charging module.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a wireless power transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3A is a diagram illustrating the power transmitter according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 3B is a diagram illustrating the power transmitter according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating the first compensating circuit according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating the first compensating circuit according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 5A is a diagram illustrating the power receiver according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 5B is a diagram illustrating the power receiver according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 6A is a diagram illustrating the feedback regulator according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 6B is a diagram illustrating the feedback regulator according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 6C is a diagram illustrating the feedback regulator according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the receive controller according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a wireless power transmission device.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the feedback circuit according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 10A is a diagram illustrating the phase feedback circuit according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 10B is a diagram illustrating the phase feedback circuit according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 10C is a diagram illustrating the phase feedback circuit according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 10D is a diagram illustrating the phase feedback circuit according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 10E is a diagram illustrating operations of the phase regulator.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating the controller according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 12A is a diagram illustrating the regulator device according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 12B is a diagram illustrating the regulator device according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 12C is a diagram illustrating operations of the regulator device.
  • FIG. 12D is another diagram illustrating operations of the regulator device.
    •  DETAILED DESCRIPTION
  • Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a diagram illustrating a wireless power transmission device 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The wireless power transmission device 200 may include a power transmitter 202, a first transmission unit 206, a power receiver 204, a feedback regulator 212, a receive controller 214, and a second transmission unit 216. The first transmission unit 206 may include a first inductive element 2062 and a second inductive element 2064. The feedback regulator 212 may include a feedback receiver 2122 and a command adjuster 2124. The receive controller 214 may include a feedback judge controller 2142 and a control adjuster 2144. The second transmission unit may include a first conductive element 2162 and a second conductive element 2164.
  • The power transmitter 202 is used to convert DC voltage to AC voltage having a predetermined frequency and amplitude. FIG. 3A is a diagram illustrating the power transmitter 202 according to an embodiment. FIG. 3A shows a full bridge converter 302 and a first compensating circuit 304. FIG. 3B is a diagram illustrating the power transmitter 202 according to another embodiment. FIG. 3B shows a half bridge converter 312 and the first compensating circuit 304. PMOSs 306 and NMOSs 308 may be MOSFET, BJT, or IGBT transistors. Vouta is AC voltage outputting from the power transmitter 202 to the first inductive element 2062. FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating the first compensating circuit 304 according to an embodiment. The first compensating circuit 304 in FIG. 4A includes a capacitor and an inductor connected in parallel with the converter. FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating the first compensating circuit 304 according to another embodiment. The first compensating circuit 304 in FIG. 4B includes a capacitor and an inductor connected in series with the converter. The inductor may be removed from the first compensating circuit 304, leaving only the capacitor connected in parallel or in series with the converter to form the first compensating circuit 304.
  • The first transmission unit 206 wirelessly transmits power generated by the power transmitter 202. The first inductive element 2062 is coupled to the power transmitter 202. The second inductive element 2064 is coupled to the power receiver 204. The first inductive element 2062 and the second inductive element 2064 may be inductive coils wound by multi-stranded wires and may induce the power to the power receiver 204 via magnetic coupling by continuously alternating magnetic field directions. Each inductive element may be formed respectively by connecting a plurality of inductive coils in series or in parallel.
  • The power receiver 204 is used to convert AC voltage to DC voltage. The power receiver 204 is coupled to the first transmission unit 206 for receiving and rectifying the power from the first transmission unit 206. FIG. 5A is a diagram illustrating the power receiver 204 according to an embodiment. FIG. 5A shows a full bridge rectifier 502 and a second compensating circuit 504. FIG. 5B is a diagram illustrating the power receiver 204 according to another embodiment. FIG. 5B shows a half bridge rectifier 512 and the second compensating circuit 504. Rectifiers in the power receiver 204 may be composed of other active components such as MOSFET or IGBT rectifiers. Vin is AC voltage inputting from the second inductive element 2064 to the power receiver 204, and Vdca is DC voltage outputting from the power receiver 204. The second compensating circuit 504 may be composed of a capacitor and an inductor connected in parallel or in series with the converter. The inductor may be removed from the second compensating circuit 504, leaving only the capacitor connected in parallel or in series with the converter to form the second compensating circuit 504.
  • The feedback receiver 2122 of the feedback regulator 212 is coupled to the power receiver 204 for receiving a feedback signal Sfb from the power receiver 204. The feedback signal Sfb may be a signal at any circuit node of the power receiver 204, so the feedback signal Sfb may be a DC signal or an AC signal and may be a voltage type or a current type. The command adjuster 2124 of the feedback regulator 212 is coupled to the feedback receiver 2122 for generating an AC control signal Sc.
  • FIG. 6A is a diagram illustrating the feedback regulator 212 according to an embodiment. The feedback receiver 2122 of FIG. 6A may include a rectifier coupled to the power receiver 204 for receiving and rectifying the feedback signal Sfb to be a first DC signal Vdc1. The rectifier may include a first diode D1, a second diode D2, and a first capacitor C1. The first diode D1 has a first end coupled to the power receiver 204 for receiving the feedback signal Sfb, and a second end for receiving a reference voltage GND. The second diode D2 has a first end and a second end, the second end being coupled to the first end of the first diode D1. The first capacitor C1 has a first end coupled to the first end of the second diode D2, and a second end for receiving the reference voltage GND. The command adjuster 2124 of FIG. 6A may include a digital frequency modulator FM1 and a resonant tank. The digital frequency modulator FM1 is coupled between the feedback receiver 2122 and the first conductive element 2162 for generating a first frequency signal Vfre1 according to the first DC signal Vdc1. The digital frequency modulator FM1 modulates the first frequency signal Vfre1 corresponding to a varying voltage level of the first DC signal Vdc1. The resonant tank is composed of a second capacitor C2 and a first inductor L1 and is coupled to the digital frequency modulator FM1 for generating the control signal Sc according to the first frequency signal Vfre1.
  • FIG. 6B is a diagram illustrating the feedback regulator 212 according to another embodiment. The feedback receiver 2122 of FIG. 6B may include the same components as shown in FIG. 6A and is coupled to the power receiver 204 for receiving and rectifying the feedback signal Sfb to be the first DC signal Vdc1. The command adjuster 2124 of FIG. 6B may include the digital frequency modulator FM1 and a first amplify circuit. The digital frequency modulator FM1 of FIG. 6B is coupled in the same way as in FIG. 6A and detailed description will be omitted. The first amplify circuit may include a first amplifier OP1, a first resistor R1, and a second resistor R2. The first amplify circuit is coupled to the digital frequency modulator FM1 for generating the control signal Sc by amplifying the first frequency signal Vfre1.
  • FIG. 6C is a diagram illustrating the feedback regulator 212 according to another embodiment. The feedback receiver 2122 of FIG. 6C may include the rectifier, a duty modulator DM1, a second inductor L2, and a switch Q1. The rectifier may include the same components as shown in FIG. 6A and is coupled to the power receiver 204 for receiving and rectifying the feedback signal Sfb to be a second DC signal Vdc2. A circuit formed by the duty modulator DM1, the second inductor L2, and the switch Q1 may be used to receive the second DC signal Vdc2 for generating a duty signal Vfre2 corresponding to the second DC signal Vdc2. The duty modulator DM1 generates a duty cycle corresponding to a varying voltage level of the second DC signal Vdc2 and the duty signal Vfre2 is then generated by the circuit formed by the second inductor L2 and the switch Q1 so that duty cycle of the duty signal Vfre2 varies corresponding to the voltage level of the second DC signal Vdc2. The command adjuster 2124 of FIG. 6C may include a second amplify circuit. The second amplify circuit may include a second amplifier OP2, a third resistor R3, and a fourth resistor R4. The second amplify circuit is coupled to the feedback receiver 2122 for generating the control signal Sc by amplifying the duty signal Vfre2.
  • The feedback judge controller 2142 of the receive controller 214 is for receiving the control signal Sc. The control adjuster 2144 of the receive controller 214 is coupled between the feedback judge controller 2142 and the power transmitter 202 for generating a driving signal Sdrv to adjust the power generated by the power transmitter 202. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the receive controller 214 according to an embodiment. The feedback judge controller 2142 in FIG. 7 may include a comparator CMP1 and a rectifier. The comparator CMP1 is coupled between the second conductive element 2164 of the second transmission unit 216 and the control adjuster 2144 for receiving the AC control signal Sc from the second transmission unit 216 and generating a phase signal Vphase according to a voltage phase of the control signal Sc. The rectifier may include the same components as shown in FIG. 6A. The rectifier is coupled between the second conductive element 2164 of the second transmission unit 216 and the control adjuster 2144 for generating an amplitude signal Vamp according to a voltage amplitude of the control signal Sc. The control adjuster 2144 of FIG. 7 may be an analog circuit or a digital integrated circuit for interpreting a command implied in the voltage amplitude and frequency of the control signal Sc so as to generate a driving signal Sdrv according to the phase signal Vphase and the amplitude signal Vamp. The driving signal Sdrv contains plural sets of signals having continuously changing duty cycle and frequency for driving the converter of the power transmitter 202 to convert DC voltage to AC voltage.
  • The first conductive element 2162 of the second transmission unit 216 is coupled to the feedback regulator 212. The second conductive element 2164 is coupled to the receive controller 214. The first conductive element 2162 and the second conductive element 2164 are used to wirelessly transmit the control signal Sc, and the first conductive element 2162 and the second conductive element 2164 do not contact physically. A distance d between the first conductive element 2162 and the second conductive element 2164 may be an arbitrary value. Transmission of the control signal Sc must be accurate and not be interfered, and power loss in the transmission should be as low as possible. Since transmission via inductive coils may result in greater power loss, the first conductive element 2162 and the second conductive element 2164 may be conductive boards such as printed circuit boards, or metal probes in order to reduce interference and power loss. The first conductive element 2162 and the second conductive element 2164 are respectively disposed in different housings, which are separated physically. Thus the control signal Sc can be transmitted from the power receiver 204 to the power transmitter 202 without using RFID system and can be transmitted in a separate transmission unit other than the first transmission unit 206 used to the power transmission. In so doing, interference caused by coils may be reduced and control errors and instability may be alleviated, thereby increasing stability and power level that can be transferred.
  • Please refer to FIG. 8, which is a diagram illustrating a wireless power transmission device 800. The wireless power transmission device 800 may include a power transmitter 802, a first transmission unit 806, a power receiver 804, a feedback circuit 812, a phase feedback circuit 814, a controller 816, and a regulator device 810. The first transmission unit 806 may include a first inductive element 8062 and a second inductive element 8064. The feedback circuit 812, the phase feedback circuit 814, and the controller 816 may be an analog circuit, or be integrated in an analog integrated circuit or a digital integrated circuit.
  • Circuit structures of the power transmitter 802 and the first transmission unit 806 are the same as the power transmitter 202 and the first transmission unit 206, detailed description being omitted.
  • The power receiver 804 is coupled to the first transmission unit 806 for receiving and rectifying the power from the first transmission unit 806. Vin is an input voltage of the power receiver 804, Vout is a pre-rectified output voltage of the power receiver 804, and Vdc is a rectified output voltage of the power receiver 804.
  • The feedback circuit 812 is coupled to the power receiver 804 for detecting the rectified output voltage Vdc of the power receiver 804 to generate a feedback control signal Vfb. The feedback control signal Vfb may be a DC voltage signal. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the feedback circuit 812 according to an embodiment. The feedback circuit 812 may include a third amplify circuit. The third amplify circuit includes a third amplifier OP3, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a plurality of resistors R. The first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 of the feedback circuit 812 is used to divide the rectified output voltage Vdc. The third amplifier OP3 compares the divided Vdc with a predetermined voltage level Vcom and outputs a difference signal at an output end of the third amplifier OP3 to be the feedback control signal Vfb for the controller 816. The difference signal may be a positive voltage signal or a negative voltage signal so that the controller 816 may output a compensating voltage Vd either in phase or out of phase to the regulator device 810 in order to control the rectified output voltage Vdc of the power receiver 804. Amplitude of the feedback control signal Vfb may be adjusted by adjusting values of the plurality of resistors R. In another embodiment, the feedback circuit 812 may be a subtractor.
  • The phase feedback circuit 814 is coupled to the power receiver 804 for detecting a phase of the input voltage Vin of the power receiver 804 to generate a phase signal Vp. The phase signal Vp may be an AC voltage signal.
  • FIG. 10A is a diagram illustrating the phase feedback circuit 814 according to an embodiment. The phase feedback circuit 814 of FIG. 10A may include a fourth amplify circuit. The fourth amplify circuit may include a fourth amplifier OP4 and a plurality of resistors R, which form a non-inverting amplifier. The phase signal Vp may be adjusted to be bigger than the input voltage Vin by adjusting values of the plurality of resistors R.
  • FIG. 10B is a diagram illustrating the phase feedback circuit 814 according to another embodiment. The phase feedback circuit 814 of FIG. 10B may include a fifth and a sixth amplify circuits, which form two sets of inverting amplifiers. The fifth amplify circuit may include a fifth amplifier OP5 and a plurality of resistors R, and the sixth amplify circuit may include a sixth amplifier OP6 and a plurality of resistors R. The phase signal Vp may be adjusted to be smaller than the input voltage Vin by adjusting values of the plurality of resistors R. The purpose of adjusting the phase signal Vp is that the controller 816 and the regulator device 810 can operate in a wider voltage range.
  • FIG. 10C is a diagram illustrating the phase feedback circuit 814 according to another embodiment. The phase feedback circuit 814 of FIG. 10C may include the fourth amplify circuit of FIG. 10A and a phase regulator PR1. The phase regulator PR1 includes a zero cross detector and a bandpass filter (BPF). A zero cross of the input voltage Vin is detected by the zero cross detector, then a phase of the zero cross is adjusted by the bandpass filter so that a phase adjusting signal Vphe outputted by the phase regulator PR1 has a phase different from the zero cross of the input voltage Vin.
  • FIG. 10D is a diagram illustrating the phase feedback circuit 814 according to another embodiment. The phase feedback circuit 814 of FIG. 10D may include the fifth and the sixth amplify circuits of FIG. 10B and the phase regulator PR1. The phase regulator PR1 is coupled to the fifth amplify circuit and has the same structure and purpose as set forth in FIG. 10C.
  • FIG. 10E is a diagram illustrating operations of the phase regulator PR1. As shown in FIG. 10E, a square wave signal Vz is generated when the input voltage Vin passes through the zero cross detector, then a phase and an amplitude of the square wave signal Vz is adjusted by the bandpass filter to generate the phase adjusting signal Vphe outputted to the amplify circuits. Thus the phase adjusting signal Vphe and the phase signal Vp have phases different from the input voltage Vin so that the controller 816 may output the compensating voltage Vd having a phase difference to the regulator device 810.
  • The controller 816 is coupled between the feedback circuit 812 and the phase feedback circuit 814 for generating the compensating voltage Vd according to the feedback control signal Vfb and the phase signal Vp. The feedback control signal Vfb may be a DC voltage signal and the phase signal Vp may be an AC voltage signal. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating the controller 816 according to an embodiment. The controller 816 may include a multiplier M1, a seventh amplifier OP7, an eighth amplifier OPA, and a plurality of resistors R. The multiplier M1 of the controller 816 multiplies the feedback control signal Vfb and the phase signal Vp to derive a predetermined compensating voltage. A non-inverting amplifier composed of the seventh amplifier OP7, the eighth amplifier OPA, which is a high power amplifier, and a plurality of resistors R amplifies the predetermined compensating voltage to be the compensating voltage Vd. The higher the feedback control signal Vfb is, the higher the predetermined compensating voltage will be. If the feedback control signal Vfb is positive, the predetermined compensating voltage will be in phase. If the feedback control signal Vfb is negative, the predetermined compensating voltage will be out of phase. The seventh amplifier OP7 is a voltage follower for stabilizing the predetermined compensating voltage, and the eighth amplifier OPA is a high power amplifier for outputting the compensating voltage Vd to the regulator device 810 so as to stabilize the pre-rectified output voltage Vout.
  • The regulator device 810 is coupled between the controller 816 and the power receiver 804 for generating a regulating voltage Vreg, which is in phase or out of phase with the input voltage Vin, according to the compensating voltage Vd to regulate the pre-rectified output voltage Vout of the power receiver 804. FIG. 12A is a diagram illustrating the regulator device 810 according to an embodiment. The regulator device 810 of FIG. 12A is a transformer having a primary winding PRI and a secondary winding SEC. The primary winding PRI receives the compensating voltage Vd from the controller 816 and the secondary winding SEC is connected in series between the input voltage Vin and the pre-rectified output voltage Vout. A turn ratio of the transformer may be used to adjust ratios between the compensating voltage Vd and the regulating voltage Vreg so that the regulator device may regulate a wider voltage range. FIG. 12B is a diagram illustrating the regulator device 810 according to another embodiment. The regulator device 810 of FIG. 12B is a capacitor directly connected in series between the input voltage Vin and the pre-rectified output voltage Vout. The compensating voltage Vd in the case of FIG. 12B is substantially equal to the regulating voltage Vreg. The regulator device 810 may be composed of other passive components or coupling components other than those in FIG. 12A and FIG. 12B.
  • FIG. 12C is a diagram illustrating operations of the regulator device 810. In FIG. 12C, the input voltage Vin is lower than voltage required by the pre-rectified output voltage Vout, so the regulator device 810 connected in series may add the regulating voltage Vreg in phase with the input voltage Vin to stabilize the pre-rectified output voltage Vout. FIG. 12D is another diagram illustrating operations of the regulator device 810. In FIG. 12D, the input voltage Vin is higher than voltage required by the pre-rectified output voltage Vout, so the regulator device 810 connected in series may add the regulating voltage Vreg out of phase with the input voltage Vin to stabilize the pre-rectified output voltage Vout. In addition to operations illustrated in FIG. 12C and FIG. 12D, the phase feedback circuit 814 may generate the phase signal Vp having a phase different from the input voltage Vin after detecting the phase of the input voltage Vin, and the phase signal Vp may be used to generate the regulating voltage Vreg having a phase different from the input voltage Vin through the controller 816 and the regulator device 810 to regulate the pre-rectified output voltage Vout in order to compensate a power factor of the wireless power transmission device 800.
  • In summary, embodiments of the present invention can transmit the control signal Sc from the power transmitter 204 to the power receiver 202 without employing additional RFID chips and do not share the same first transmission unit 206 used for the power transmission. Thus the present invention can reduce interference, control errors, and instability, thereby increasing stability and power level of wireless power transmission. Embodiments of the present invention also provide simple circuit structures as the regulator device 810 to regulate the pre-rectified output voltage Vout by using a voltage in phase or out of phase with the input voltage Vin so as to stabilize the pre-rectified output voltage Vout and the rectified output voltage Vdc, thus no additional DC to DC converter is required to be employed in the power receiver 804.
  • Those skilled in the art will readily observe that numerous modifications and alterations of the device and method may be made while retaining the teachings of the invention. Accordingly, the above disclosure should be construed as limited only by the metes and bounds of the appended claims.

Claims (4)

What is claimed is:
1. A wireless power transmission device comprising:
a power transmitter for generating power;
a first transmission unit coupled to the power transmitter for wirelessly transmitting the power generated by the power transmitter;
a power receiver coupled to the first transmission unit for receiving and rectifying the power from the first transmission unit;
a feedback regulator comprising:
a feedback receiver coupled to the power receiver for receiving a feedback signal from the power receiver; and
a command adjuster coupled to the feedback receiver for generating an AC control signal;
a receive controller comprising:
a feedback judge controller for receiving the control signal; and
a control adjuster coupled to the feedback judge controller and the power transmitter for generating a driving signal to adjust the power generated by the power transmitter; and
a second transmission unit coupled between the feedback regulator and the receive controller for wirelessly transmitting the control signal to the receive controller.
2. The wireless power transmission device of claim 1 wherein the command adjuster comprises:
a digital frequency modulator coupled between the feedback receiver and the second transmission unit for generating a frequency signal according to a rectified feedback signal; and
a resonant tank coupled to the digital frequency modulator for generating the control signal according to the frequency signal.
3. The wireless power transmission device of claim 1 wherein the command adjuster comprises:
a digital frequency modulator coupled between the feedback receiver and the second transmission unit for generating a frequency signal according to a rectified feedback signal; and
an amplify circuit coupled to the digital frequency modulator for generating the control signal by amplifying the frequency signal.
4. The wireless power transmission device of claim 1 wherein the feedback receiver further comprises:
a rectifier coupled to the power receiver for rectifying the feedback signal;
a duty modulator coupled to the rectifier;
an inductor coupled to the rectifier; and
a switch for generating a duty signal according to the rectified feedback signal.
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TWI473382B (en) 2015-02-11
TW201414130A (en) 2014-04-01
US20140092659A1 (en) 2014-04-03

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